+--------+--------------------------------------------------------+
| | +----------+ +---------+ +-----------+ +---------+ |
|Message | | Template | | Data | | Options | | Data | |
| Header | | Set | | Set | ... | Template | | Set | |
| | | | | | | Set | | | |
| | +----------+ +---------+ +-----------+ +---------+ |
+--------+--------------------------------------------------------+
+--------+----------------------------------------------+
| | +---------+ +---------+ +---------+ |
|Message | | Data | | Data | | Data | |
| Header | | Set | ... | Set | ... | Set | |
| | +---------+ +---------+ +---------+ |
+--------+----------------------------------------------+
+--------+-------------------------------------------------+
| | +----------+ +----------+ +----------+ |
|Message | | Template | | Template | | Options | |
| Header | | Set | ... | Set | ... | Template | |
| | | | | | | Set | |
| | +----------+ +----------+ +----------+ |
+--------+-------------------------------------------------+
+--------+------------------------------------------. . .
| | +--------------+ +------------------+
|Message | | Template | | Data |
| Header | | Set | | Set | . . .
| | | (1 Template) | | (3 Data Records) |
| | +--------------+ +------------------+
+--------+------------------------------------------. . .
. . .-------------------------------------------+
+------------------+ +------------------+ |
| Options | | Data | |
. . . | Template Set | | Set | |
| (1 Template) | | (2 Data Records) | |
+------------------+ +------------------+ |
. . .-------------------------------------------+
Src IP Addr. | Dst IP Addr. | Next-Hop Addr. | Packet | Octets
| | | Number | Number
----------------------------------------------------------------
192.0.2.12 | 192.0.2.254 | 192.0.2.1 | 5009 | 5344385
192.0.2.27 | 192.0.2.23 | 192.0.2.2 | 748 | 388934
192.0.2.56 | 192.0.2.65 | 192.0.2.3 | 5 | 6534
+===========================================+
| IPFIX Exporter +----------------+ |
| | Metering Proc. | |
| +-----------------+ +----------------+ |
| | Metering | | Intermediate | |
| | Process | or | Flow Selection | |
| | | | Process | |
| +-----------------+----+----------------+ |
| | Exporting Process | |
| +----|-------------------------------|--+ |
+======|===============================|====+
| |
| |
+======|========================+ |
| | Mediator | |
| +-V-------------------+ | |
| | Collecting Process | | |
| +---------------------+ | |
| | Intermediate Flow | | |
| | Selection Process | | |
| +---------------------+ | |
| | Exporting Process | | |
| +-|-------------------+ | |
+======|========================+ |
| |
| |
+======|===============================|=====+
| | Collector | |
| +----V-------------------------------V-+ |
| | Collecting Process | |
| +--------------------------------------+ |
| | Intermediate Flow Selection Process | |
| +--------------------------------------+ |
| | Exporting Process | |
| +------------------------------|-------+ |
+================================|===========+
|
|
V
+------------------+
| IPFIX |
+------------------+
+-------------------+--------------------+--------------------------+
| Location | Selection | Selection Input |
| | Technique | |
+-------------------+--------------------+--------------------------+
| In the Metering | Flow-state | packet sampling |
| Process | Dependent Packet | probabilities, Flow |
| | Selection | Selection State, packet |
| | | properties |
| | | |
| In the Metering | Property Match | Flow Record IEs, |
| Process | Flow Filtering | Selection Interval |
| | | |
| In the Metering | Hash-based Flow | selection range, hash |
| Process | Filtering | function, Flow Key, seed |
| | | (optional) |
| | | |
| In the Metering | Time-based | Flow Position (derived |
| Process | Systematic Flow | from arrival time of |
| | sampling | packets), Flow Selection |
| | | State |
| | | |
| In the Metering | Sequence-based | Flow Position (derived |
| Process | Systematic Flow | from packet position), |
| | sampling | Flow Selection State |
| | | |
| In the Metering | Random Flow | random number generator |
| Process | sampling | or list and packet |
| | | position, Flow state |
| | | |
| In the Exporting | Property Match | Flow Record content, |
| Process/ within | Flow Filtering | filter function |
| the IPFIX | | |
| Mediator | | |
| | | |
| In the Exporting | Hash-based Flow | selection range, hash |
| Process/ within | Filtering | function, hash input |
| the IPFIX | | (Flow Keys and other |
| Mediator | | Flow properties) |
| | | |
| In the Exporting | Flow-state | Flow state parameters, |
| Process/ within | Dependent | random number generator |
| the IPFIX | Intermediate Flow | or list |
| Mediator | Selection Process | |
| | | |
| In the Exporting | Time-based | Flow arrival time, Flow |
| Process/ within | Systematic Flow | state |
| the IPFIX | sampling | |
| Mediator | | |
| | | |
| In the Exporting | Sequence-based | Flow Position, Flow |
| Process/ within | Systematic Flow | state |
| the IPFIX | sampling | |
| Mediator | | |
| | | |
| In the Exporting | Random Flow | random number generator |
| Process/ within | sampling | or list and Flow |
| the IPFIX | | Position, Flow state |
| Mediator | | |
+-------------------+--------------------+--------------------------+
ID Name | ID Name
----------------------------------+----------------------------------
301 selectionSequenceID | 302 selectorID
|
390 flowSelectorAlgorithm | 1 octetDeltaCount
|
391 flowSelectedOctetDeltaCount | 2 packetDeltaCount
|
392 flowSelectedPacketDeltaCount | 3 originalFlowsPresent
|
393 flowSelectedFlowDeltaCount | 394 selectorIDTotalFlowsObserved
|
395 selectorIDTotalFlowsSelected | 396 samplingFlowInterval
|
397 samplingFlowSpacing | 309 samplingSize
|
310 samplingPopulation | 311 samplingProbability
|
398 flowSamplingTimeInterval | 399 flowSamplingTimeSpacing
|
326 digestHashValue | 400 hashFlowDomain
|
329 hashOutputRangeMin | 330 hashOutputRangeMax
|
331 hashSelectedRangeMin | 332 hashSelectedRangeMax
|
333 hashDigestOutput | 334 hashInitialiserValue
|
320 absoluteError | 321 relativeError
|
336 upperCILimit | 337 lowerCILimit
|
338 confidenceLevel |
+===========================================+
| IPFIX Exporter +----------------+ |
| | Metering Proc. | |
| +-----------------+ +----------------+ |
| | Metering Proc. | or | IAP | |
| +-----------------+----+----------------+ |
| | Exporting Process | |
| +-|----------------------------------|--+ |
+===|==================================|====+
| |
+===|===========================+ |
| | Aggregating Mediator | |
+ +-V-------------------+ | |
| | Collecting Process | | |
+ +---------------------+ | |
| | IAP | | |
+ +---------------------+ | |
| | Exporting Process | | |
+ +-|-------------------+ | |
+===|===========================+ |
| |
+===|==================================|=====+
| | Collector | |
| +-V----------------------------------V-+ |
| | Collecting Process | |
| +------------------+-------------------+ |
| | IAP | |
| +-------------------+ |
| (Aggregation | File Writer | |
for Storage) +-----------|-------+ |
+================================|===========+
|
+------V-----------+
| IPFIX File |
+------------------+
packets --+ IPFIX Messages IPFIX Files
| | |
V V V
+==================+ +====================+ +=============+
| Metering Process | | Collecting Process | | File Reader |
| | +====================+ +=============+
| (Original Flows | | |
| or direct | | Original Flows |
| aggregation) | V V
+ - - - - - - - - -+======================================+
| Intermediate Aggregation Process (IAP) |
+=========================================================+
| Aggregated Aggregated |
| Flows Flows |
V V
+===================+ +=============+
| Exporting Process | | File Writer |
+===================+ +=============+
| |
V V
IPFIX Messages IPFIX Files
packets --+---------------------+------------------+
| | |
V V V
+====================+ +====================+ +====================+
| Metering Process 1 | | Metering Process 2 | | Metering Process n |
+====================+ +====================+ +====================+
| | Original Flows |
V V V
+==================================================================+
| Intermediate Aggregation Process + correlation / normalization |
+==================================================================+
| Aggregated Aggregated |
| Flows Flows |
V V
+===================+ +=============+
| Exporting Process | | File Writer |
+===================+ +=============+
| |
+------------> IPFIX Messages <----------+
Original Flows / Original Flows requiring correlation
+=============|===================|===================|=============+
| | Intermediate | Aggregation | Process |
| | V V |
| | +-----------------------------------------------+ |
| | | (optional) correlation and normalization | |
| | +-----------------------------------------------+ |
| | | |
| V V |
| +--------------------------------------------------------------+ |
| | interval distribution (temporal) | |
| +--------------------------------------------------------------+ |
| | ^ | ^ | |
| | | Partially Aggregated | | | |
| V | Flows V | | |
| +-------------------+ +--------------------+ | |
| | key aggregation |<------| value aggregation | | |
| | (spatial) |------>| (spatial) | | |
| +-------------------+ +--------------------+ | |
| | | | |
| | Partially Aggregated | | |
| V Flows V V |
| +--------------------------------------------------------------+ |
| | aggregate combination | |
| +--------------------------------------------------------------+ |
| | |
+=======================================|===========================+
V
Aggregated Flows
| | | |
| |<--Flow A-->| | | |
| |<--Flow B-->| | |
| |<-------------Flow C-------------->| |
| | | |
| interval 0 | interval 1 | interval 2 |
| | | |
|<----Flow D---->|<----Flow E---->|<----Flow F---->|
| | | |
| interval 0 | interval 1 | interval 2 |
+---------+---------+----------+----------+-------+-----+
| src ip4 | dst ip4 | src port | dst port | proto | tos |
+---------+---------+----------+----------+-------+-----+
| | | | | |
retain mask /24 X X X X
| |
V V
+---------+-------------+
| src ip4 | dst ip4 /24 |
+---------+-------------+
+---------+---------+----------+----------+-------+-----+
| src ip4 | dst ip4 | src port | dst port | proto | tos |
+---------+---------+----------+----------+-------+-----+
| | | | | |
V V | | | |
+-------------------+ X X X X
| ASN lookup table |
+-------------------+
| |
V V
+---------+---------+
| src asn | dst asn |
+---------+---------+
+-------+-----------------------------------------------------------+
| Value | Description |
+-------+-----------------------------------------------------------+
| 0 | Unspecified: The counters for an Original Flow are |
| | explicitly not distributed according to any other method |
| | defined for this Information Element; use for arbitrary |
| | distribution, or distribution algorithms not described by |
| | any other codepoint. |
| | --------------------------------------------------------- |
| | |
| 1 | Start Interval: The counters for an Original Flow are |
| | added to the counters of the appropriate Aggregated Flow |
| | containing the start time of the Original Flow. This |
| | should be assumed the default if value distribution |
| | information is not available at a Collecting Process for |
| | an Aggregated Flow. |
| | --------------------------------------------------------- |
| | |
| 2 | End Interval: The counters for an Original Flow are added |
| | to the counters of the appropriate Aggregated Flow |
| | containing the end time of the Original Flow. |
| | --------------------------------------------------------- |
| | |
| 3 | Mid Interval: The counters for an Original Flow are added |
| | to the counters of a single appropriate Aggregated Flow |
| | containing some timestamp between start and end time of |
| | the Original Flow. |
| | --------------------------------------------------------- |
| | |
| 4 | Simple Uniform Distribution: Each counter for an Original |
| | Flow is divided by the number of time intervals the |
| | Original Flow covers (i.e., of appropriate Aggregated |
| | Flows sharing the same Flow Key), and this number is |
| | added to each corresponding counter in each Aggregated |
| | Flow. |
| | --------------------------------------------------------- |
| | |
| 5 | Proportional Uniform Distribution: Each counter for an |
| | Original Flow is divided by the number of time units the |
| | Original Flow covers, to derive a mean count rate. This |
| | mean count rate is then multiplied by the number of time |
| | units in the intersection of the duration of the Original |
| | Flow and the time interval of each Aggregated Flow. |
| | This is like simple uniform distribution, but accounts |
| | for the fractional portions of a time interval covered by |
| | an Original Flow in the first and last time interval. |
| | --------------------------------------------------------- |
Original Flows
|
V
+-----------------------+
| interval distribution |
| * impose uniform |
| 300s time interval |
+-----------------------+
|
| Partially Aggregated Flows
V
+------------------------+
| key aggregation |
| * reduce key to only |
| sourceIPv4Address |
+------------------------+
|
| Partially Aggregated Flows
V
+-------------------------+
| aggregate combination |
| * sum octetDeltaCount |
+-------------------------+
|
V
Aggregated Flows
+-------------/-+~~~~~~~~~~~~~/~+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~+
| length \ | type \ | value |
+-------------/-+~~~~~~~~~~~~~/~+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~/
^ ^
+-------- length bytes long (may be 0) ---------+
+~~~/~~~/~~~~~~~+ +~~~/~~~/~~~~~~~+-------------/-+
| L \ T \ V |...............| L \ T \ V | 0 \ |
+~~~/~~~/~~~~~~~+ +~~~/~~~/~~~~~~~+-------------/-+
^ ^ Marker
+------- zero or more non-empty Options --------+ (empty Option)
+-------------/-+-------------/-+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~+
| length \ | 0x00 \ | userMetadata |
+-------------/-+-------------/-+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~/
+-------------/-+-------------/-+-------------/-+
| length \ | 0x0a \ | flowID \ |
+-------------/-+-------------/-+-------------/-+
...
----------+------------------------------------
10 00 07 | User Data chunk, length=7
00 | OPT=0, FRA=0 "whole", ABN=0, FIN=0
02 05 03 | flowID=2, seq#=5, fsn=(5-3)=2
00 01 02 | data 3 bytes: 00, 01, 02
----------+------------------------------------
11 00 04 | Next User Data chunk,length=4
00 | OPT=0, FRA=0 "whole", ABN=0, FIN=0
| flowID=2, seq#=6, fsn=2
03 04 05 | data 3 bytes: 03, 04, 05
----------+------------------------------------
11 00 04 | Next User Data chunk, length=4
00 | OPT=0, FRA=0 "whole", ABN=0, FIN=0
| flowID=2, seq#=7, fsn=2
06 07 08 | data 3 bytes: 06, 07, 08
----------+------------------------------------
+--------+ +--------+
| Peer A | S E S S I O N | Peer B |
| /=============================\ |
| || Flows || |
| ||---------------------------->|| |
| ||---------------------------->|| |
| ||<----------------------------|| |
| ||<----------------------------|| |
| ||<----------------------------|| |
| \=============================/ |
| | | |
| | +--------+
| |
| | +--------+
| | S E S S I O N | Peer C |
| /=============================\ |
| || Flows || |
| ||---------------------------->|| |
| ||<----------------------------|| |
| ||<----------------------------|| |
| \=============================/ |
| | | |
+--------+ +--------+
rcv IIKeying Glare
far prevails +-------------+ ultimate open timeout
+--------------|S_IHELLO_SENT|-------------+
| +-------------+ |
| |rcv RHello |
| | v
| v +-------------+
|<-----------(duplicate session?) |S_OPEN_FAILED|
| yes |no +-------------+
| | ^
| rcv IIKeying Glare v |
| far prevails +-------------+ |
|<-------------|S_KEYING_SENT|-------------+
| +-------------+ ultimate open timeout
| |rcv RIKeying
| |
| rcv v
| +-+ IIKeying +--------+ rcv Close Request
| |X|---------->| S_OPEN |--------------------+
| +-+ +--------+ |
| | |ABRUPT CLOSE |
| ORDERLY CLOSE| |or rcv Close Ack |
| | |or rcv IIKeying |
| | | session override |
| | +-------+ |
| v | v
| +-----------+ | +-----------------+
| |S_NEARCLOSE| | |S_FARCLOSE_LINGER|
| +-----------+ | +-----------------+
| rcv Close Ack| | |rcv Close Ack
| or 90 seconds| v |or 19 seconds
| | +--------+ |
| +------>|S_CLOSED|<---------+
+-------------------------->| |
+--------+
. Initiator Responder .
| IHello |
|(EPD,Tag) |
S_IHELLO_SENT |(SID=0) |
|------------------------------->|
| |
| RHello |
| (Tag,Cookie,RCert)|
| (SID=0)|
|<-------------------------------|
S_KEYING_SENT | |
| IIKeying |
|(ISID,Cookie,ICert,SKIC,ISig) |
|(SID=0) |
|------------------------------->|
| |
| RIKeying |
| (RSID,SKRC,RSig)|
| (SID=ISID,Key=Default)| S_OPEN
|<-------------------------------|
S_OPEN | |
| S E S S I O N |
|<-------------------(SID=ISID)--|
|--(SID=RSID)------------------->|
Initiator Forwarder Responder
| IHello | |
|(Src=Ix) | |
|------------------------------->| |
| | FIHello |
| |(RA=Ix) |
| |-------------------------------->|
| |
| RHello |
| (Cookie:Ix)|
|<-----------------------------------------------------------------|
| |
| IIKeying |
|(Cookie:Ix,Src=Iy) |
|----------------------------------------------------------------->|
| |
| RHello Cookie Change |
| (Cookie:Ix,Cookie:Iy)|
|<-----------------------------------------------------------------|
| |
| IIKeying |
|(Cookie:Iy) |
|----------------------------------------------------------------->|
| |
| RIKeying |
|<-----------------------------------------------------------------|
| |
|<======================== S E S S I O N =========================>|
+-----------+ +------------+ +-----------+
| Initiator |---------->| Redirector | | Responder |
| |<----------| | | |
| | +------------+ | |
| |<=================================>| |
+-----------+ +-----------+
Initiator Redirector Responder
| IHello | |
|------------------------------->| |
| | |
| Redirect | |
|<-------------------------------| |
| |
| IHello |
|----------------------------------------------------------------->|
| |
| RHello |
|<-----------------------------------------------------------------|
| |
| IIKeying |
|----------------------------------------------------------------->|
| |
| RIKeying |
|<-----------------------------------------------------------------|
| |
|<======================== S E S S I O N =========================>|
+-----------+ +-----------+ +---+ +-----------+
| Initiator |---->| Forwarder |<===>| N |<===>| Responder |
| | +-----------+ | A | | |
| |<=====================>| T |<===>| |
+-----------+ +---+ +-----------+
Initiator Forwarder NAT Responder
| IHello | | |
|------------------------------->| | |
| | FIHello | |
| |--------------->|--------------->|
| | |
| | RHello |
| :<---------------|
|<------------------------------------------------: |
| : |
| IIKeying : |
|-------------------------------------------------:--------------->|
| : |
| : RIKeying |
| :<---------------|
|<------------------------------------------------: |
| : |
|<======================== S E S S I O N ========>:<==============>|
Initiator Forwarder NAT Responder
| IHello | | |
|------------------------------->| | |
| | FIHello | |
| |--------------->|--------------->|
| | |
| | Redirect |
| | (Implied,RD={})|
| :<---------------|
|<------------------------------------------------: |
| : |
| IHello : |
|------------------------------------------------>:--------------->|
| : |
| : RHello |
| :<---------------|
|<------------------------------------------------: |
| : |
| IIKeying : |
|------------------------------------------------>:--------------->|
| : |
| : RIKeying |
| :<---------------|
|<------------------------------------------------: |
| : |
|<======================== S E S S I O N ========>:<==============>|
+---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+
| I | | N | | I | | N | | R |
| n |------>| A |------>| n | | A | | e |
| i | | T | | t |<====>| T |<====>| s |
| t |<------| |<------| r | | | | p |
| i | | | | o | | | | o |
| a | | | +---+ | | | n |
| t | | | | | | d |
| o |<=====>| |<================>| |<====>| e |
| r | | | | | | r |
+---+ +---+ +---+ +---+
Initiator NAT-I Redirector+Forwarder NAT-R Responder
| | | | |
| IHello | | | |
|(Dst=Intro) | | | |
|-------------->| | | |
| |--------------->| | |
| | | FIHello | |
| | |(RA=NAT-I-Pub) | |
| | |--------------->|--------------->|
| | Redirect | | |
| | (RD={NAT-R-Pub,| | |
| | ...})| | |
|<--------------|<---------------| | |
| | | RHello |
| | | (Dst=NAT-I-Pub)|
| | :<---------------|
| | (*) <--------------------------: |
| IHello | : |
|(Dst=NAT-R-Pub)| : |
|-------------->: : |
| :-------------------------------->:--------------->|
| : : |
| : : RHello |
| : :<---------------|
|<--------------:<--------------------------------: |
| : : |
| IIKeying : : |
|-------------->: : |
| :-------------------------------->:--------------->|
| : : |
| : : RIKeying |
| : :<---------------|
|<--------------:<--------------------------------: |
| : : |
|<=============>:<======== S E S S I O N ========>:<==============>|
+---+ IHello/RHello +-------------+
| I |<------------------->| Responder 1 |
| n | +-------------+
| i | SESSION +-------------+
| t |<=========>| Responder 2 |
| i | +-------------+
| a | IHello... +----------------+
| t |-------------------------> X | Dead Responder |
| o | +----------------+
| r | IHello/RHello +-------------+
| |<---------------->| Responder N |
+---+ +-------------+
+---------+
|Group API|
+---------+
|
------------------- Application ------------------------
+-------+ |
| ALM | |
| Usage | |
+-------+ |
-------------- Messaging Service Boundary --------------
|
+--------+ +-----------+---------+ +---------+
| Storage|<---> | RELOAD | ALM |<-->| ALM Alg |
+--------+ | Message | Messages| +---------+
^ | Transport | |
| +-----------+---------+
v | |
+-------------+ |
| Topology | |
| Plugin | |
+-------------+ |
^ |
v v
+-------------------+
| Forwarding & |
| Link Management |
+-------------------+
P1 P2 P3 P4 group_id
| | | | |
| | | | |
| | | | |
| CreateALMTree | | |
|------------------------------->|
| | | | |
| | | | | StoreReq
| | | | |--+
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
| | | | |<-+
| | | | | StoreResponse
| | | | |--+
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
| | | | |<-+
| | | | |
| | | | |
| | CreateALMTreeResponse |
|<-------------------------------|
| | | | |
| | | | |
| Fetch | | |
|------------------------------->|
| | | | |
| | | | |
| | FetchResponse |
|<-------------------------------|
| | | | |
P1 P2 P3 P4 group_id
| | | | |
| | | | |
| Join |
|------------------------------->|
| | | | |
| JoinAccept |
|<-------------------------------|
| | | | |
| | | | |
| |Join |
| |----------------------->|
| | | | |
| Join|
|<-------------------------------|
| | | | |
|JoinAccept | | |
|------>| | | |
| | | | |
|JoinConfirm | | |
|<------| | | |
| | | | |
| | | |Join |
| | | |------>|
| | | | Join |
|<-------------------------------|
| | | | |
| Join | | | |
|------>| | | |
| | | | |
| JoinAccept | | |
|----------------------->| |
| | | | |
| | JoinAccept | |
| |--------------->| |
| | | | |
| | | | |
| | JoinConfirm | |
|<-----------------------| |
| | | | |
| | JoinDecline | |
| |<---------------| |
| | | | |
| | | | |
P1 P2 P3 P4 group_id
| | | | |
| | | | |
| | | Leave | |
|<-----------------------| |
| | | | |
| LeaveResponse | | |
|----------------------->| |
| | | | |
| | | | |
P1 P2 P3 P4 group_id
| | | | |
| Push | | | |
|------------------------------->|
| | | | |
| | | PushResponse|
|<-------------------------------|
| | | | |
| | | | Push|
|<-------------------------------|
| | | | |
| PushResponse | | |
|------------------------------->|
| | | | |
|Push | | | |
|------>| | | |
| | | | |
|PushResponse | | |
|<------| | | |
| | | | |
| Push | | | |
|----------------------->| |
| | | | |
| | PushResponse | |
|<-----------------------| |
| | | | |
| | | | |
| | | | |
+-----+
----AC receive ----->| |-----PW transmit---->
CE1 | PE1 | PE2/CE2
<---AC transmit------| |<----PW receive-----
+-----+
(arrows indicate direction of user traffic impacted by a defect)
<- RD:192.0.2 <-192.0.2/24
CE1----PE-S-------------PE-H----------------PE-S1-------------CE2
/
| |
| | 192.0.2/24
| |
CE4 CE3
Ingress Transit Egress
+-----+ link1-2 +-----+ link2-3 +-----+ link3-4 +-----+
|Node1|------------>|Node2|------------>|Node3|------------>|Node4|
| |<------------| |<------------| |<------------| |
+-----+ link2-1 +-----+ link3-2 +-----+ link4-3 +-----+
N1 N2
+-----+ +------+ +------+
| |-------| |--------------| | +-------+
+-----+ | |---| | | | |
A1 +------+ | +------+ | |
| | | +-------+
| | | PCE
| | |
| +------+ |
| | | |
| | |-----| |
| +------+ | |
| N5 | |
| | |
+------+ +------+
| | | | +-----+
| |--------------| |--------| |
+------+ +------+ +-----+
N3 N4 A2
+--------------+
|Content Source| || - PMIPv6 Tunnel
+--------------+ | - Multicast
| Data Path
|
*** *** *** *** *** *** *** ***
* ** ** ** * * ** ** ** *
* * * *
* Unicast Traffic * * Multicast Traffic *
* * * *
* ** ** ** * * ** ** ** *
*** *** *** ** *** *** *** ***
| |
| |
| |
+-----+ +------+
Unicast | LMA | | MTMA | Multicast
Anchor +-----+ +------+ Anchor
\\ // ||
\\ // ||
\\ // ||
\\ // ||
\\ // ||
\\ // ||
\\ // ||
\\ // ||
\\ // ||
+------+ +------+
| MAG1 | | MAG2 | MLD Proxy
+------+ +------+
| | |
| | |
{MN1} {MN2} {MN3}
Multicast Tree
:
: || - PMIPv6 Tunnel
+----------+ +----------+ | - Multicast Data Path
| LMA | | MR |
+----------+ +----------+
|| \\ / |
|| \\ / |
|| \\ / |
|| \\ / |
|| \\ / |
|| \\ / |
|| \\ |
|| /\\ |
|| / \\ |
|| / \\ |
|| / \\ |
|| / \\ |
+--------+ +--------+
| MAG1 | | MAG2 | MLD proxy
+--------+ +--------+
: :
+------+ +------+
| MN1 | -----> | MN1 |
+------+ +------+
MN1 MAG1 LMA MTMA
| (MLD proxy) (Unicast) (Multicast)
MN1 attaches to MAG1 | | |
| | | |
|----Rtr Sol--------->| | |
| |--PBU---->| |
| | | |
| |<----PBA--| |
| | | |
| |=Unicast==| |
| | Tunnel | |
|<---------Rtr Adv----| | |
| | | |
|< ------ Unicast Traffic------->| |
| | | |
| |==Multicast Tunnel===|
| | | |
|<-------MLD Query----| | |
| | | |
MN1 requires | | |
multicast services | | |
| | | |
|----MLD Report (G)-->| | |
| | | |
| |----Aggregated------>|
| | MLD Report (G) |
| | | |
| | | |
|<-----------Multicast Traffic------------->|
| | | |
MN1 MAG1 LMA MR
| (MLD proxy) (Unicast) (Multicast)
MN1 attaches to MAG1 | | |
| | | |
|----Rtr Sol--------->| | |
| |--PBU------->| |
| | | |
| |<-------PBA--| |
| | | |
| |===Unicast===| |
| | Tunnel | |
|<---------Rtr Adv----| | |
| | | |
|<--------Unicast Traffic---------->| |
| | | |
| | | |
|<-------MLD Query----|<-------------MLD Query----|
| | | |
MN1 requires | | |
multicast services | | |
| | | |
|--MLD Report (G)---->| | |
| | | |
| |----Aggregated------------>|
| | MLD Report (G) |
| | | |
| | | |
|<-------------Multicast Traffic----------------->|
| | | |
MN1 P-MAG N-MAG LMA MR
| | | | |
| | | | |
|<------------|<-- Multicast Data----------------|
| | . | | |
| | . | | |
| | . | | |
Link Handover | | |
Disconnected Detection | | |
| | | | |
| | | | |
| | MN Attachment | |
| | | | |
| | | | |
|----Rtr Sol------------->| | |
| | | | |
| | |--PBU----->| |
| | | | |
| | |<-----PBA--| |
| | | | |
|<-----------MLD Query----| | |
| | | | |
|----MLD Report---------->| | |
| | | | |
| | |----Aggregated------->|
| | | MLD Report |
| | | | |
|<------------------------|<---Multicast Data----|
| | | | |
+----------------+ +----------------+
|Content Source A| |Content Source B|
+----------------+ +----------------+
| |
| ******************** |
( ) * * ( )
( ) * Fixed Internet * ( )
( ) * (Unicast Traffic) * ( )
( ) * * ( )
( ) ******************** ( )
| | |
| | |
+------+ +--------------+ +------+
| MTMA1| | LMA2 | | MTMA3|
+------+ +--------------+ +------+
oo oo // \\ ^^ ^^
oo oo // \\ ^^ ^^
oo oo // \\ ^^ ^^
oo oo // \\ ^^ ^^
oo oo/ ^^ ^^
oo //oo ^^ \\ ^^
oo // oo ^^ \\ ^^
oo // oo \\ ^^
oo // ^^ oo \\ ^^
oo // ^^ oo \^^
+-------------+ +-------------+
| \ / | | \ | |
| ~o~~~~o~ | | ~o~~~~o~ |
| ( MLD w ) | | ( MLD w ) |
| ( multip ) | | ( multip ) |
| ( i/f ) | | ( i/f ) |
| ~~~~~~~~ | | ~~~~~~~~ |
| | | |
| MAG1 | | MAG2 |
/+-------------+ +-------------+\
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
{MN10} {MN11} {MN12} {MN20} {MN21} {MN22}
Peer Attacker Service AAA Server
| | | |
| | | |
|Peer Initiates Connection to a Service | |
|---------------------+-------X-------->| |
| (Intercepted by an Attacker) | |
| | | |
| | Tunnel Establishment |
| |<-------------------------------->|
| | | |
| |..................................|
| | Tunnel |
| Non-Tunneled | | |
| Method | Tunneled Authentication Method |
|<===================>|<================================>|
| | | |
| |..................................|
| | | |
| | Attacker |<--- MSK keys --|
| | Connected as | |
| | Peer | |
| |<--------------->| |
Peer Attacker Service AAA Server
| | | |
| | | |
|Peer Initiates Connection to a Service | |
|---------------------+----X----------->| |
| (Intercepted by an Attacker) | |
| | | |
| | | |
| Tunnel Establishment| | |
|<------------------->| | |
|.....................| | |
| Tunnel | | |
| | |
| Tunneled | Non-Tunneled |
| Method | Authentication Method |
|<===================>|<================================>|
| |(Same as Inner Method from Tunnel)|
|.....................| | |
| | | |
| Peer | | |
| Connected to |<----------------------MSK keys --|
| Attacker | | |
|<------------------->| | |
| | | |
Peer Attacker Service AAA Server
| | | |
| | | |
|Peer Initiates Connection to a Service | |
|---------------------+----X----------->| |
| (Intercepted by an Attacker) | |
| | | |
| | | |
| Tunnel Establishment| | |
|<------------------->| | |
|.....................| | |
| Tunnel t1 | | |
| | | |
|.......................................... .............|
| Tunnel t2 |
| |
| |
| Inner Method |
|<======================================================>|
| |
|.......................................... .............|
| | | |
|.....................| | |
| | | |
| Peer | | |
| Connected to |<----------------------MSK keys --|
| Attacker | | |
|<------------------->| | |
| | | |
Peer Attacker Service AAA Server
| | | |
| | | |
|Peer Initiates Connection to a Service | |
|---------------------+----X----------->| |
| (Intercepted by an Attacker) | |
| | | |
| | | |
| Tunnel Establishment| Tunnel Establishment |
|<------------------->|<-------------------------------->|
|.....................|.................... .............|
| Tunnel t1 | Tunnel t2 |
| | |
| Tunneled | |
| Method | Tunneled Method |
|<===================>|<================================>|
| | |
|.....................|..................................|
| | | |
| Peer | | |
| Connected to | | |
| Attacker | | |
|<------------------->| | |
| | | |
+-------+ +-------+ +------+ +------+
---+ AGN11 +--+ AGN21 +--+ ABR1 +--+ LSR1 +--> to LSR/AGN
+--------+/ +-------+ +-------+ +------+ +------+
| Access | \/ \/
| Network| /\ /\
+--------+ +-------+ +-------+ +------+ +------+
\---+ AGN12 +--+ AGN22 +--+ ABR2 +--+ LSR2 +--> to LSR/AGN
+-------+ +-------+ +------+ +------+
static routes
or access IGP IGP area IGP area
<----Access----><--Aggregation Domain--><----Core----->
<------------------------- MPLS ---------------------->
<----- static routing -------> <------ IGP ------>
<---- LDP DU ----->
<--------- LDP DoD ----------> <-- labeled BGP -->
+----+ +-------+
(d1) |AN1 +------------------------+ AGN11 +-------
| | + + +-\ /
v +-+--+ +-------+ \ /
| \/
| /\
^ +-+--+ +-------+ / \
| |AN2 + + AGN12 +-/ \
(d2) | +------------------------+ +-------
+----+ +-------+
<----- static routing -------> <------ IGP ------>
<---- LDP DU ----->
<--------- LDP DoD ----------> <-- labeled BGP -->
+-------+
| |---/
/----+ AGN11 |
+----+ +----+ +----+ / | |---\
| | | | | +----/ +-------+
|ANn +...|AN2 +---+AN1 |
| | | | | +----\ +-------+
+----+ +----+ +----+ \ | |---/
\----+ AGN12 |
<-(d2)-- <-(d1)-- | |---\
--(u)-> --(u)-> --(u)-> +-------+
<-(d)--
<------- static routing --------> <------ IGP ------>
<---- LDP DU ----->
<----------- LDP DoD -----------> <-- labeled BGP -->
<---------- access IGP ------------> <------ IGP ------>
<---- LDP DU ----->
<------------ LDP DoD -------------> <-- labeled BGP -->
The reference access IGP and LDP configuration for [Y] access
topology is shown in Figure 6.
+-------+
| |---/
/----+ AGN11 |2
+----+ +----+ +----+ / | |---\
| | | | | +----/ +-------+
|ANn +...|AN2 +---+AN1 |
| | | | | +----\ +-------+
+----+ +----+ +----+ \ | |---/
\----+ AGN12 |
| |---\
+-------+
<---------- access IGP ------------> <------ IGP ------>
<---- LDP DU ----->
<------------ LDP DoD -------------> <-- labeled BGP -->
+----------+ +------------+
| upstream | | downstream |
------+ LSR +------+ LSR +----
traffic | | | | address
source +----------+ +------------+ (/32 for IPv4)
traffic
label distribution for IPv4 FEC destination
<-------------------------
..--"""--..
.-' `-.
,' `.
/ Reference \
/ o \
| \ |
| \ |
| \ |
\ _\| /
`. x .' \_ Baseline
`._ Relative _.' Location
`--..___..--'
+------+------+------+------+------+------+
| 111 |Length| Reference TLVs |
+------+------+------+------+------+------+
+------+------+
| 124 |Length|
+------+------+------+------+
| Speed |
+------+------+------+------+
+------+------+------+------+------+------+
| 130 |Length| Angle |
+------+------+------+------+------+------+
+------+------+------+------+------+------+
| 131 |Length| Scale(s) ...
+------+------+------+------+------+------+
+-------+ +-------+ +-------+
|DHCPv6 | Access Model: | NAS | |RADIUS |
|Client | IPoE | | |Server |
+-------+ +-------+ +-------+
RADIUS Client/DHCPv6 Relay Agent
| | |
|---Solicit---------------->| |
| |---Access-Request---------->|
| | |
| |<--Access-Accept------------|
| |(e.g. Delegated-IPv6-Prefix)|
| | |
+-------+
|DHCPv6 |
|Server |
+-------+
| | |
| |---Relay-forward----------->|
| | (OPTION_RADIUS) |
| | |
| |<--Relay-reply -------------|
|<--Advertise---------------| |
| (e.g., IA_PD) | |
| | |
|---Request---------------->| |
| (e.g., IA_PD) |---Relay-forward----------->|
| | (OPTION_RADIUS) |
| | |
| |<--Relay-reply -------------|
|<--Reply-------------------| |
| (e.g., IA_PD) | |
| | |
+-------+ +-------+ +-------+
|DHCPv6 | Access Model: | NAS | |RADIUS |
|Client | PPPoE | | |Server |
+-------+ +-------+ +-------+
RADIUS Client/DHCPv6 Relay Agent
| | |
|--PPP LCP Config-Request-->| |
| |---Access-Request---------->|
| | |
| |<--Access-Accept------------|
|<----PPP LCP Config-ACK----|(e.g. Delegated-IPv6-Prefix)|
| | |
+-------+
|DHCPv6 |
|Server |
+-------+
| | |
|---Solicit---------------->| |
| |---Relay-forward----------->|
| | (OPTION_RADIUS) |
| | |
| |<--Relay-reply -------------|
|<--Advertise---------------| |
| (e.g., IA_PD) | |
| | |
|---Request---------------->| |
| (e.g., IA_PD) |---Relay-forward----------->|
| | (OPTION_RADIUS)
| | |
| |<--Relay-reply -------------|
|<--Reply-------------------| |
| (e.g., IA_PD) | |
| | |
+-------------------------+
| IPv6 ISP Network |
| |
+------+ |
|4over6|Host +-------+ +-----------+
| CE |=================| | | |
+------+ | | | |
| |4over6 | | IPv4 |
+--------------+ +------+ IPv4-in-IPv6 | BR |---| Internet |
| Customer | |4over6| | | | |
| Private IPv4 |--| CE |=================| | | |
| Network | | |CPE +-------+ +-----------+
+--------------+ +------+ |
| |
| |
+-------------------------+
4over6 DHCPv6 4over6 DHCPv4
CE Server BR Server
|Assign IPv6 Addr/Pref +| | |
| BR's IPv6 Addr Info | | |
|<----------------------| | |
| DHCPv6/Other | | |
WAN | |
IPv6 Configure | |
| | |
| Assign Public IPv4 Addr (DHCPv4 over v6/Static Conf) |
|<--------------------------------------|<-------------|
| | IPv4-IPv6 |
| | Binding SYN |
Tunnel |
IPv4 Configure Binding Update
| |
| IPv4-in-IPv6 Tunnel |
|<------------------------------------->|
| |
+---------------+ +--------------+
| C-MAC DA,SA | | PSN Header |
|---------------| |--------------|
| S-VID, C-VID | | PW Label |
|---------------| |--------------|
| Payload | | B-MAC DA,SA |
+---------------+ |--------------|
| PBB I-tag |
|--------------|
| C-MAC DA,SA |
|--------------|
| S-VID, C-VID |
|--------------|
| Payload |
+--------------+
Alice atlanta.example.com biloxi.example.com Bob@pc Bob@phone
| | | | |
| INVITE sip:bob@biloxi.example.com;p=x | |
|--------------->| | | |
| Supported: histinfo | | |
| History-Info: <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com;p=x>;index=1 |
| | | | |
| | INVITE sip:bob@biloxi.example.com;p=x |
| |--------------->| | |
| History-Info: <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com;p=x>;index=1 |
| History-Info: <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com;p=x>;np=1;index=1.1
| | | | |
| | | INVITE sip:bob@192.0.2.3|
| | |--------------->| |
| History-Info: <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com;p=x>;index=1
| History-Info: <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com;p=x>;np=1;index=1.1
| History-Info: <sip:bob@192.0.2.3>;index=1.1.1;rc=1.1
| | | | |
| | | INVITE sip:bob@192.0.2.7|
| | |-------------------------->|
| History-Info: <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com;p=x>;index=1
| History-Info: <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com;p=x>;np=1;index=1.1
| History-Info: <sip:bob@192.0.2.7>;index=1.1.2;rc=1.1
| | | 200 | |
| | |<---------------| |
| History-Info: <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com;p=x>;index=1
| History-Info: <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com;p=x>;np=1;index=1.1
| History-Info: <sip:bob@192.0.2.3>;index=1.1.1;rc=1.1
| | | | |
| | 200 | | |
| |<---------------| | |
| History-Info: <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com;p=x>;index=1
| History-Info: <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com;p=x>;np=1;index=1.1
| History-Info: <sip:bob@192.0.2.3>;index=1.1.1;rc=1.1
| | | | |
| | | Proxy Cancels INVITE |
| | |<=========================>|
| 200 | | | |
|<---------------| | | |
| History-Info: <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com;p=x>;index=1
| History-Info: <sip:bob@biloxi.example.com;p=x>;np=1;index=1.1
| History-Info: <sip:bob@192.0.2.3>;index=1.1.1;rc=1.1
| ACK | | | |
|--------------->| ACK | | |
| |--------------->| ACK | |
| | |--------------->| |
+-------+ +-------+ +-------+
| S | | R1 | | R3 |
+-------+ +-------+ +-------+
v6| v4| |v4 |OM
| | / |
| ***| *** ***/ ** *** /*** *** ***
\* |* ** /** * * /* ** ** *
*\ \_______/_______*__v4__+-------+ * / *
*\ IPv4/v6 * | R2 |__OM__ *_/ Overlay Mcast *
* \_________________*__v6__+-------+ * *
* ** ** ** * * ** ** ** *
*** *** *** *** *** *** *** ***
*-------* *-------*
| App 1 | | App 2 |
*-------* *-------*
| |
*---------------------* ---|
| Middleware | |
*---------------------* |
| | |
*---------* | |
| Overlay | | \ Group Communication
*---------* | / Stack
| | |
| | |
*---------------------* |
| Underlay | |
*---------------------* ---|
+----------------------+
| Control & |
| Management |
| Cluster |
+----------------------+
| \
| OVSDB \ OpenFlow
| Mgmt \
| \
+============================================+
| +--------------+ +--------------+ |
| | | | | |
| | ovsdb-server |-------| ovs-vswitchd | |
| | | | | |
| +--------------+ +--------------+ |
| | |
| +----------------+ |
| | Forwarding Path| |
| +----------------+ |
+============================================+
+--------------+------------------+---------------------------------+
| Tag | Data Item | Semantics |
+--------------+------------------+---------------------------------+
| 0 | UTF-8 string | Standard date/time string; see |
| | | Section 2.4.1 |
| | | |
| 1 | multiple | Epoch-based date/time; see |
| | | Section 2.4.1 |
| | | |
| 2 | byte string | Positive bignum; see Section |
| | | 2.4.2 |
| | | |
| 3 | byte string | Negative bignum; see Section |
| | | 2.4.2 |
| | | |
| 4 | array | Decimal fraction; see Section |
| | | 2.4.3 |
| | | |
| 5 | array | Bigfloat; see Section 2.4.3 |
| | | |
| 6..20 | (Unassigned) | (Unassigned) |
| | | |
| 21 | multiple | Expected conversion to |
| | | base64url encoding; see |
| | | Section 2.4.4.2 |
| | | |
| 22 | multiple | Expected conversion to base64 |
| | | encoding; see Section 2.4.4.2 |
| | | |
| 23 | multiple | Expected conversion to base16 |
| | | encoding; see Section 2.4.4.2 |
| | | |
| 24 | byte string | Encoded CBOR data item; see |
| | | Section 2.4.4.1 |
| | | |
| 25..31 | (Unassigned) | (Unassigned) |
| | | |
| 32 | UTF-8 string | URI; see Section 2.4.4.3 |
| | | |
| 33 | UTF-8 string | base64url; see Section 2.4.4.3 |
| | | |
| 34 | UTF-8 string | base64; see Section 2.4.4.3 |
| | | |
| 35 | UTF-8 string | Regular expression; see |
| | | Section 2.4.4.3 |
| | | |
| 36 | UTF-8 string | MIME message; see Section |
| | | 2.4.4.3 |
| | | |
| 37..55798 | (Unassigned) | (Unassigned) |
| | | |
| 55799 | multiple | Self-describe CBOR; see |
| | | Section 2.4.5 |
| | | |
| 55800+ | (Unassigned) | (Unassigned) |
+--------------+------------------+---------------------------------+
+------------------------------+------------------------------------+
| Diagnostic | Encoded |
+------------------------------+------------------------------------+
| 0 | 0x00 |
| | |
| 1 | 0x01 |
| | |
| 10 | 0x0a |
| | |
| 23 | 0x17 |
| | |
| 24 | 0x1818 |
| | |
| 25 | 0x1819 |
| | |
| 100 | 0x1864 |
| | |
| 1000 | 0x1903e8 |
| | |
| 1000000 | 0x1a000f4240 |
| | |
| 1000000000000 | 0x1b000000e8d4a51000 |
| | |
| 18446744073709551615 | 0x1bffffffffffffffff |
| | |
| 18446744073709551616 | 0xc249010000000000000000 |
| | |
| -18446744073709551616 | 0x3bffffffffffffffff |
| | |
| "\u6c34" | 0x63e6b0b4 |
| | |
| "\ud800\udd51" | 0x64f0908591 |
| | |
| [] | 0x80 |
| | |
| [1, 2, 3] | 0x83010203 |
| | |
| [1, [2, 3], [4, 5]] | 0x8301820203820405 |
| | |
| [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, | 0x98190102030405060708090a0b0c0d0e |
| 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, | 0f101112131415161718181819 |
| 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, | |
| 24, 25] | |
| | |
| {} | 0xa0 |
| | |
| {1: 2, 3: 4} | 0xa201020304 |
| | |
| {"a": 1, "b": [2, 3]} | 0xa26161016162820203 |
| | |
| ["a", {"b": "c"}] | 0x826161a161626163 |
| | |
| {"a": "A", "b": "B", "c": | 0xa5616161416162614261636143616461 |
| "C", "d": "D", "e": "E"} | 4461656145 |
| | |
| (_ h'0102', h'030405') | 0x5f42010243030405ff |
| | |
| (_ "strea", "ming") | 0x7f657374726561646d696e67ff |
| | |
| [_ ] | 0x9fff |
| | |
| [_ 1, [2, 3], [_ 4, 5]] | 0x9f018202039f0405ffff |
| | |
| [_ 1, [2, 3], [4, 5]] | 0x9f01820203820405ff |
| | |
| [1, [2, 3], [_ 4, 5]] | 0x83018202039f0405ff |
| | |
| [1, [_ 2, 3], [4, 5]] | 0x83019f0203ff820405 |
| | |
| [_ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, | 0x9f0102030405060708090a0b0c0d0e0f |
| 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, | 101112131415161718181819ff |
| 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, | |
| 23, 24, 25] | |
| | |
| {_ "a": 1, "b": [_ 2, 3]} | 0xbf61610161629f0203ffff |
| | |
| ["a", {_ "b": "c"}] | 0x826161bf61626163ff |
| | |
| {_ "Fun": true, "Amt": -2} | 0xbf6346756ef563416d7421ff |
+------------------------------+------------------------------------+
+-----------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| Byte | Structure/Semantics |
+-----------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| 0x00..0x17 | Integer 0x00..0x17 (0..23) |
| | |
| 0x18 | Unsigned integer (one-byte uint8_t follows) |
| | |
| 0x19 | Unsigned integer (two-byte uint16_t follows) |
| | |
| 0x1a | Unsigned integer (four-byte uint32_t follows) |
| | |
| 0x1b | Unsigned integer (eight-byte uint64_t follows) |
| | |
| 0x20..0x37 | Negative integer -1-0x00..-1-0x17 (-1..-24) |
| | |
| 0x38 | Negative integer -1-n (one-byte uint8_t for n |
| | follows) |
| | |
| 0x39 | Negative integer -1-n (two-byte uint16_t for n |
| | follows) |
| | |
| 0x3a | Negative integer -1-n (four-byte uint32_t for n |
| | follows) |
| | |
| 0x3b | Negative integer -1-n (eight-byte uint64_t for |
| | n follows) |
| | |
| 0x40..0x57 | byte string (0x00..0x17 bytes follow) |
| | |
| 0x58 | byte string (one-byte uint8_t for n, and then n |
| | bytes follow) |
| | |
| 0x59 | byte string (two-byte uint16_t for n, and then |
| | n bytes follow) |
| 0xf8 | (simple value, one byte follows) |
| | |
| 0xf9 | Half-Precision Float (two-byte IEEE 754) |
| | |
| 0xfa | Single-Precision Float (four-byte IEEE 754) |
| | |
| 0xfb | Double-Precision Float (eight-byte IEEE 754) |
| | |
| 0xff | "break" stop code |
+-----------------+-------------------------------------------------+
------------------------
|----- -----|
| MIP | | MIP |
| | ---- | |
----->-| In |->-| FW |->-| Out |->----
| i/f | ---- | i/f |
|----- -----|
------------------------
Customer| Operator's Administrative | Customer
Domain | Domain | Domain
------> |<--------------------------------------->| <------
CE1 | T-PE/PE1 S-PE/P1 T-PE/PE2 | CE2
| <--------> <--------> <--------> |
+---+ | +-+ +-+ +-+ +-+ +-+ +-+ +-+ +-+ +-+ | +---+
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
+---+ | +-+ +-+ +-+ +-+ +-+ +-+ +-+ +-+ +-+ | +---+
| In FW Out In FW Out In FW Out |
| |
FWD PW/LSP | o-------------------------- > |
| V-------------*-------------V |
| MEP1 MIP1 MEP2 |
BWD PW/LSP | <---------------------------o |
| V-------------*-------------V |
| MEP1' MIP1' MEP2'|
(S1)<============>
(S2)<==========================>
Customer| Operator's Administrative |Customer
Domain | Domain |Domain
------->|<--------------------------------------->|<------
CE1 | T-PE/PE1 S-PE/P1 T-PE/PE2 | CE2
| <--------> <--------> <--------> |
+---+ | +-+ +-+ +-+ +-+ +-+ +-+ +-+ +-+ +-+ | +---+
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
+---+ | +-+ +-+ +-+ +-+ +-+ +-+ +-+ +-+ +-+ | +---+
| In FW Out In FW Out In FW Out |
| |
FWD PW/LSP | o-----------------------------------> |
| V-------*------*------*-----*-------V |
| MEP1 MIP1 MIP2 MIP3 MIP4 MEP2|
| |
BWD PW/LSP | <-----------------------------------o |
| MEP1' MIP1' MIP2' MIP3' MIP4' MEP2'|
(S'1)<======>
(S'2)<=============>
(S'3)<====================>
(S'4)<==========================>
(S'5)<==================================>
Any solution that attempts to send OAM messages to the outgoing
interface of an MPLS-TP node must not cause any problems when such
implementations are present (such as leaking OAM packets with a TTL
of 0).
---------------------
|------------ |
| MIP | |
| ---- | |
----->-| In | FW | |-->-Out-|->---
| i/f ---- | i/f |
|------------ |
---------------------
OAM must operate on MPLS-TP nodes that are branch points on point-to-
multipoint (P2MP) trees. This means that it must be possible to
target individual outgoing MIPs as well as all outgoing MIPs in the
abstract functional representation shown in Figure 5, and to handle
the P2MP node implementations as shown in Figure 6 without causing
problems.
--------------------------
| -----|
| | MIP |
| ->-| |->----
| | | Out |
| | | i/f |
| | -----|
|----- | -----|
| MIP | ---- | | MIP |
| | | |- | |
----->-| In |->-| FW |--->-| Out |->----
| i/f | | |- | i/f |
|----- ---- | -----|
| | -----|
| | | MIP |
| | | |
| ->-| Out |->----
| | i/f |
| -----|
--------------------------
----------------------
| ->-Out-|->----
| | i/f |
|------------ | |
| | | |
| MIP ---- | | |
| | | |- |
----->-| In | FW | |--->-Out-|->----
| i/f | | |- i/f |
| ---- | | |
| | | |
|------------ | |
| | Out |
| ->-i/f-|->----
----------------------
------------------------
|----- -----|
local OAM ----->-| MIP |----->------| MIP |
| | ---- | |
data =====>=| In |=>=| FW |=>=| Out |=>==== data
non-local OAM ~~~~~>~| i/f |~>~| |~>~| i/f |~>~~~~ non-local OAM
|----- ---- -----|
------------------------
+----+------+----+------+-----+-------------------------+
| 60 | 23 | 06 | 09 | 2b | 06 01 05 05 0f 01 01 11 |
+----+------+----+------+-----+-------------------------+
|App0|Token |OID |OID | 1 3 | 6 1 5 5 15 1 1 17 |
|Tag |length|Tag |length| Mechanism object ID |
+----+------+----+------+-------------------------------+
+----------+-------------+-------------+
| 06 01 | 00 00 00 02 | 00 00 00 0e |
+----------+-------------|-------------|
|Initiator | Acceptor | Length |
|context | name | (14 octets) |
|token ID | request | |
+----------+-------------+-------------+
+------------------+ CONTROL/- +------------------+ API 202/202
| Idle/'terminate' |------------>| CONTROL received |---------+
+------------------+ +------------------+ |
^ ^ ^ API 200/200 | | |
| | | | | |
| | +------------------+ | |
| 200/- | API Error/Error | |
| +----------------------------+ |
| |
+-------------+ |
| Waiting for | v
| last 200 |<------------------------+ +------------+
+-------------+ | | '202' sent |
^ | +------------+
| | | |
| +---------------+ |
| API terminate/ API terminate/ |
| REPORT terminate REPORT terminate |
| |
+--------------------+ |
| 'update' confirmed |------+ API update/ |
+--------------------+ | REPORT update |
^ | API update/ |
| | REPORT update |
| v |
| 200/- +---------------+ |
+--------------| 'update' sent |<----------------+
+---------------+
+--------------+ 202/- +--------------+
+-->| CONTROL sent |---------->| 202 received |
| +--------------+ +--------------+
| | | | |
| | | | |
API CONTROL/ | | 200/- | | |
send CONTROL | | | | |
| | | Error/ | |
+------------------+ | | Error | |
| Idle/'terminate' |<-+ | | |
+------------------+<---------+ | |
^ ^ | |
| | REPORT 'terminate'/ | |
| | send 200 | |
| +--------------------------------+ | REPORT 'update'/
| | send 200
| REPORT 'terminate'/ |
| send 200 |
| +-----------+ |
+---------------------| 'update ' |<--------------+
+-----------+
^ |
| | REPORT 'update'/
+------+ send 200
+--------------+
+-->| CONTROL sent |
| +--------------+
| |
| |
API CONTROL/ | | 200/-
send CONTROL | |
| |
+------------------+ |
| Idle/'terminate' |<----+
+------------------+
+------------------+ CONTROL/- +------------------+
| Idle/'terminate' |------------>| CONTROL received |
+------------------+ +------------------+
^ API 200/200 |
| |
+----------------------------+
AS MS
| |
| INVITE (COMEDIA) |
|------------------------------>|
| 100 (Trying) |
|<------------------------------|
| 200 OK (COMEDIA) |
|<------------------------------|
| ACK |
|------------------------------>|
| |
|==============================>|
| TCP CONNECT (CTRL CHANNEL) |
|==============================>|
| |
| SYNC (Dialog-ID, etc.) |
|+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| |--+
| | | Check SYNC
| |<-+
| 200 OK |
|<<+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
| |
. .
. .
AS MS
| |
| 1. INVITE (COMEDIA) |
|------------------------------>|
| 2. 100 (Trying) |
|<------------------------------|
| 3. 200 OK (COMEDIA) |
|<------------------------------|
| 4. ACK |
|------------------------------>|
| |
|==============================>|
| TCP CONNECT (CTRL CHANNEL) |
|==============================>|
| |
. .
. .
AS MS
. .
. .
| |
| 1. SYNC (Dialog-ID, etc.) |
|+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| |--+
| | | Check SYNC
| |<-+
| 2. 200 OK |
|<<+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
| |
. .
. .
AS MS
. .
. .
| |
~80 s have +--| |
passed since | | |
last K-ALIVE +->| |
| 1. K-ALIVE |
|+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| |--+ Reset the local
| | | 'Keep-Alive'
| |<-+ timer
| 2. 200 OK |
|<<+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
Reset the +--| |
local | | |
'Keep-Alive' +->| |
timer | |
. .
. .
AS MS
. .
. .
| |
| 1. SYNC (Dialog-ID, etc.) |
|+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| |--+
| | | Check SYNC (wrong!)
| |<-+
| 2. 481 |
|<<+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
| |
|<-XX- CLOSE TCP CONNECTION -XX-|
| |
| SIP BYE |
|------------------------------>|
| |
. .
. .
AS MS
. .
. .
| |
| 1. CONTROL |
|+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| |--+ First transaction
| | | is not a SYNC
| |<-+
| 2. 403 |
|<<+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
| |
|<-XX- CLOSE TCP CONNECTION -XX-|
| |
| SIP BYE |
|------------------------------>|
| |
. .
. .
UAC AS MS
| | |
| INVITE (X) | |
|------------------>| |
| 180 (Ringing) | |
|<------------------| |
| |--+ |
| | | Handle app(X) |
| |<-+ |
| | INVITE (Y) as 3PCC |
| |-------------------------->|
| | 100 (Trying) |
| |<--------------------------|
| | |--+ Negotiate media
| | | | with UAC; map
| | |<-+ tags and labels
| | 200 OK |
| |<--------------------------|
| 200 OK | |
|<------------------| |
| ACK | |
|------------------>| |
| | ACK |
| |-------------------------->|
| | |
|<<###########################################>>|
| RTP Media Stream(s) flowing |
|<<###########################################>>|
| | |
. . .
. . .
+-------+ A (RTP) +--------+
| UAC |=========================>| Media |
| A |<=========================| Server |
+-------+ A (RTP) +--------+
UAC AS MS
| | |
| | 1. CONTROL (join UAC to itself) |
| |++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | |--+ self-
| | | | join
| | 2. 200 OK |<-+ UAC
| |<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
| | |
|<<######################################################>>|
| Everything is now echoed back to the UAC |
|<<######################################################>>|
| | |
. . .
. . .
MS
+------+
UAC | |
o----->>-------+~~~~~> (recording.wav) ~~+
o-----<<-------+ | |
| ^ | v
+--|---+ |
+~~~~~~~~~~~<<~~~~~~~~~~~~+
UAC AS MS
| | |
| | A1. CONTROL (record for 10s) |
| |++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | A2. 202 |
| |<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++| prepare &
| | |--+ start
| | | | the
| | A3. REPORT (terminate) |<-+ dialog
| |<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
| | A4. 200 OK |
| |++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | |
|<<########################################################|
| "This is an echo test: say something" |
|<<########################################################|
| | |
|########################################################>>|
| 10 s of audio from the UAC are recorded |--+ save
|########################################################>>| | in a
| | |<-+ file
| | B1. CONTROL (<recordinfo>) |
| |<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
| Use recorded +--| B2. 200 OK |
| file to play | |++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| announcement +->| |
| | C1. CONTROL (play recorded) |
| |++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | C2. 202 |
| |<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++| prepare &
| | |--+ start
| | | | the
| | C3. REPORT (terminate) |<-+ dialog
| |<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
| | C4. 200 OK |
| |++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | |
|<<########################################################|
| "Can you hear me? It's me, UAC, talking" |
|<<########################################################|
| | |
| | D1. CONTROL (<promptinfo>) |
| |<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
| | D2. 200 OK |
| |++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | |
. . .
. . .
UAC(1) UAC(2) AS MS
| | | |
| INVITE (offer A) | |
| Call-Id: A | | |
|---------------------------------->| |
| | 100 Trying | |
| | Call-Id: A | |
|<----------------------------------| |
| | INVITE (no offer) | |
| | Call-Id: B | |
| |<--------------------| |
| | 180 Ringing | |
| | Call-Id: B | |
| |-------------------->| |
| | 180 Ringing | |
| | Call-Id: A | |
|<----------------------------------| |
| | | INVITE (offer A) |
| | | Call-Id: C |
| | |-------------------------->|
| | | 200 OK (offer A') |
| | | Call-Id: C |
| | |<--------------------------|
| | | ACK |
| | | Call-Id: C |
| | |-------------------------->|
| | 200 OK (offer B) | |
| | Call-Id: B | |
| |-------------------->| |
| | | INVITE (offer B) |
| | | Call-Id: D |
| | |-------------------------->|
| | | 200 OK (offer B') |
| | | Call-Id: D |
| | |<--------------------------|
| | | ACK |
| | | Call-Id: D |
| | |-------------------------->|
| | ACK (offer B') | |
| | Call-Id: B | |
| |<--------------------| |
| | 200 OK (offer A') | |
| | Call-Id: A | |
|<----------------------------------| |
| ACK | | |
| Call-Id: A | | |
|---------------------------------->| |
| | | |
. . . .
. . . .
+-------+ UAC1 (RTP) +--------+ UAC1 (RTP) +-------+
| UAC |===================>| Media |===================>| UAC |
| 1 |<===================| Server |<===================| 2 |
+-------+ UAC2 (RTP) +--------+ UAC2 (RTP) +-------+
MS
+--------------+
UAC 1 | | UAC 2
o----->>-------x x.......>>.....o
o.....<<.......x x-------<<-----o
| |
+--------------+
MS
+--------------+
UAC 1 | | UAC 2
o----->>-------+~~~>>~~~+------->>-----o
o-----<<-------+~~~<<~~~+-------<<-----o
| |
+--------------+
UAC1 UAC2 AS MS
| | | |
| | | 1. CONTROL (join UAC1 to UAC2) |
| | |++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | | |--+ join
| | | | | UAC1
| | | 2. 200 OK |<-+ UAC2
| | |<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
| | | |
|<<#######################################################>>|
| UAC1 can hear UAC2 talking |
|<<#######################################################>>|
| | | |
| |<<###########################################>>|
| | UAC2 can hear UAC1 talking |
| |<<###########################################>>|
| | | |
|<*talking*>| | |
. . . .
. . . .
MS
+---------------+
UAC A | | UAC B
o----->>-------+~~>{#}::>+:::::::>>:::::o
o:::::<<:::::::+<::{#}<~~+-------<<-----o
| : |
| : |
+-------:-------+
:
+::::> (conversation.wav)
UAC1 UAC2 AS MS
| | | |
| | | A1. CONTROL (create conference) |
| | |++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | | |--+ create
| | | | | conf and
| | | A2. 200 OK (conferenceid=Y) |<-+ its ID
| | |<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
| | | |
| | | B1. CONTROL (record for 10800 s) |
| | |++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | | |--+ start
| | | | | the
| | | B2. 200 OK |<-+ dialog
| | |<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
| Recording +--| |
| of the mix | | |
| has started +->| |
| | | C1. CONTROL (join UAC1<->confY) |
| | |++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | | |--+ join
| | | | | UAC1 &
| | | C2. 200 OK |<-+ confY
| | |<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
| | | |
|<<####################################################>>|
| Now UAC1 is mixed in the conference |
|<<####################################################>>|
| | | |
| | | D1. CONTROL (join UAC2<->confY) |
| | |++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | | |--+ join
| | | | | UAC2 &
| | | D2. 200 OK |<-+ confY
| | |<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
| | | |
| |<<########################################>>|
| | Now UAC2 is mixed too |
| |<#########################################>>|
| | | |
|<*talking*>| | |
| | | |
. . . .
. . . .
UAC3 AS MS
| | |
| (UAC1 and UAC2 have previously been recorded; the AS has |
| the two different recordings available for playout.) |
| | |
| | A1. CONTROL (create conference) |
| |++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | |--+ create
| | | | conf &
| | A2. 200 OK (conferenceid=Y) |<-+ its ID
| |<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
| | |
| | B1. CONTROL (join UAC3 & confY) |
| |++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | |--+ join
| | | | UAC &
| | B2. 200 OK |<-+ confY
| |<+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
| | |
|<<######################################################>>|
| UAC3 is now a passive participant in the conference |
|<<######################################################>>|
| | |
| | C1. CONTROL (play REC1 on confY) |
| |++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | D1. CONTROL (play REC2 on confY) |
| |++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | |--+ Start
| | | | both
| | | | of the
| | | |dialogs
| | C2. 200 OK |<-+
| |<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
| | D2. 200 OK |
| |<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
| | |
|<<########################################################|
| The two recordings are mixed and played together to UAC |
|<<########################################################|
| | |
| | E1. CONTROL (<promptinfo>) |
| |<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
| | E2. 200 OK |
| |++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | F1. CONTROL (<promptinfo>) |
| |<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
MS
+----------------+
UAC A | | UAC B
o----->>-------x x.......>>.....o
o.....<<.......x x-------<<-----o
| |
| |
| xx |
| |. |
+-------|.-------+
|.
^v
^v
|.
oo
UAC C
AS MS
| |
| 1. CONTROL (create conference) |
|++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| |--+ create
| | | conf and
| 2. 200 OK (conferenceid=Y) |<-+ its ID
|<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
map URI +--| |
X with | | |
confY +->| |
| |
. .
. .
MS
+-----------------+
UAC A | | UAC B
o----->>-------+~~~>{##}:::>+:::::::>>:::::o
o:::::<<:::::::+<:::{##}<~~~+-------<<-----o
| ^: |
| |v |
| ++ |
| |: |
+--------|:-------+
|:
^v
^v
|:
oo
UAC C
UAC1 UAC2 AS MS
| | | |
| | | A1. CONTROL (join UAC1 and confY) |
| | |++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | | |--+ join
| | | | | UAC1 &
| | | A2. 200 OK |<-+ confY
| | |<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
| | | |
|<<######################################################>>|
| Now UAC1 is mixed in the conference |
|<<######################################################>>|
| | | |
| | | B1. CONTROL (join UAC2 and confY) |
| | |++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | | |--+ join
| | | | | UAC2 &
| | | B2. 200 OK |<-+ confY
| | |<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
| | | |
| |<<###########################################>>|
| | Now UAC2 too is mixed in the conference |
| |<<###########################################>>|
| | | |
. . . .
. . . .
UAC1 UAC2 AS MS
| | | |
| | | 1. CONTROL (modifyjoin UAC1) |
| | |++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | | |--+ modify
| | | | | join
| | | 2. 200 OK |<-+ settings
| | |<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
| | | |
|<<######################################################|
| Now UAC1 can receive but not send (recvonly) |
|<<######################################################|
| | | |
. . . .
. . . .
MS
+-------- (announcement.wav)
(conference_recording.wav) <:::::+|
:|
+--------:|--------+
UAC A | :v | UAC B
o----->>-------+~~~>{##}:::>+:::::::>>:::::o
o:::::<<:::::::+<:::{##}<~~~+-------<<-----o
| ^: | |
| |v v |
| ++ * (collect DTMF, get name)
| |: |
+--------|:--------+
|:
^v
^v
|:
oo
UAC C
UAC AS MS
| | |
| | A1. CONTROL (request DTMF PIN) |
| |++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | |--+ start
| | | | the
| | A2. 200 OK |<-+ dialog
| |<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
| | |
|<<########################################################|
| "Please input the PIN number to join the conference" |
|<<########################################################|
| | |
|########################################################>>|
| DTMF digits are collected |--+ get
|########################################################>>| | DTMF
| | |<-+ digits
| | B1. CONTROL (<collectinfo>) |
| |<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
| Compare DTMF +--| B2. 200 OK |
| digits with | |++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| the PIN number +->| |
| | C1. CONTROL (record name) |
| |++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | |--+ start
| | | | the
| | C2. 200 OK |<-+ dialog
| |<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
| | |
|<<########################################################|
| "Please state your name after the beep" |
|<<########################################################|
| | |
|########################################################>>|
| Audio from the UAC is recorded (until timeout or DTMF) |--+ save
|########################################################>>| | in a
| | |<-+ file
| | D1. CONTROL (<recordinfo>) |
| |<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
| Store recorded +--| D2. 200 OK |
| file to play | |++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| announcement in +->| |
| conference later | |
| | E1. CONTROL (join UAC & confY) |
| |++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | |--+ join
| | | | UAC &
| | E2. 200 OK |<-+ confY
| |<+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
| | |
|<<######################################################>>|
| UAC is now included in the mix of the conference |
|<<######################################################>>|
| | |
| | F1. CONTROL (play name on confY) |
| |++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | |--+ start
| | | | the
| | F2. 200 OK |<-+ dialog
| |<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
| | |
|<<########################################################|
| Global announcement: "Simon has joined the conference" |
|<<########################################################|
| | |
| | G1. CONTROL (<promptinfo>) |
| |<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
| | G2. 200 OK |
| |++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | |
. . .
. . .
************** +-------+
* A=Customer * | UAC |
* B=Agent * | C |
* C=Coach * +-------+
************** " ^
C (RTP) " "
" "
" " A+B (RTP)
v "
+-------+ A (RTP) +--------+ A+C (RTP) +-------+
| UAC |===================>| Media |===================>| UAC |
| A |<===================| Server |<===================| B |
+-------+ B (RTP) +--------+ B (RTP) +-------+
MS
+---------------------------+
| |
UAC A | | UAC B
o.....<<.......x x-------<<-----o
o----->>-------x x.......>>.....o
| |
| |
| |
| |
| xx |
| .| +
+------------v^-------------+
v^
.|
.|
oo
UAC C
MS
+---------------------------+
| |
UAC A | | UAC B
o-----<<-------+----<<----+----<<----+-------<<-----o
o----->>-------+ | +------->>-----o
| | v ^ |
| +~~~~~~~>[##]::::>::::+ |
| v^ |
| || |
| ++ |
| :| +
+------------v^-------------+
v^
:|
:|
oo
UAC C
A B C AS MS
| | | | |
| | | | A1. CONTROL (create conference) |
| | | |++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | | | |--+ create
| | | | | | conf and
| | | | A2. 200 OK (conferenceid=Y) |<-+ its ID
| | | |<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
| | | | |
| | | | B1. CONTROL (join A-->confY) |
| | | |++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | | | |--+ join A
| | | | | | & confY
| | | | B2. 200 OK |<-+ sendonly
| | | |<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
| | | | |
|######################################################>>|
| Customer (A) is mixed (sendonly) in the conference |
|######################################################>>|
| | | | |
| | | | C1. CONTROL (join B<->confY) |
| | | |++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | | | |--+ join B
| | | | | | & confY
| | | | C2. 200 OK |<-+ sendrecv
| | | |<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
| | | | |
| |<<#############################################>>|
| | Agent (B) is mixed (sendrecv) in the conference |
| |<##############################################>>|
| | | | |
| | | | D1. CONTROL (join C<->confY) |
| | | |++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | | | |--+ join C
| | | | | | & confY
| | | | D2. 200 OK |<-+ sendrecv
| | | |<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
| | | | |
| | |<<######################################>>|
| | | Coach (C) is mixed (sendrecv) as well |
| | |<<######################################>>|
| | | | |
| | | | E1. CONTROL (join A<--B) |
| | | |++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | | | |--+ join
| | | | | | A & B
| | | | E2. 200 OK |<-+ recvonly
| | | |<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
| | | | |
|<<######################################################|
| Finally, Customer (A) is joined (recvonly) to Agent (B)|
|<<######################################################|
| | | | |
. . . . .
. . . . .
UAC C
oo
:|
^v
^v
:|
+--------:|-------+
| :| |
| ++ |
UAC A | ^| | UAC B
o----->>-------+~~~>{##}:::>+:::::::>>:::::o
o:::::<<:::::::+<:::{##}<~~~+-------<<-----o
| ^: |
| |v |
| ++ |
| |: |
+--------|:-------+
|:
^v
^v
|:
oo
UAC D
UAC C
oo
:|
^v
^v
:|
+--------:|----------------+
| :| |
| ++ |
UAC A | ^| | UAC B
o----->>-------+~~~>{##}:::>{##}:::>+:::::::>>:::::o
o:::::<<:::::::+<:::{##} {##}<~~~+-------<<-----o
| ^: |
| ++ |
| |v |
+----------------|:--------+
|:
^v
^v
|:
oo
UAC D
B D AS MS
| | | |
| | | A1. CONTROL (create conference) |
| | |++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | | |--+ create
| | | | | conf and
| | | A2. 200 OK (conferenceid=Y) |<-+ its ID
| | |<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
| | | |
| | | B1. CONTROL (join confX-->confY) |
| | |++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | | |--+ join confX
| | | | | & confY
| | | B2. 200 OK |<-+ sendonly
| | |<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++| (30% vol)
| | | |
| | | C1. CONTROL (modjoin B---confX) |
| | |++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | | |--+ modjoin B
| | | | | & confX
| | | C2. 200 OK |<-+ (inactive)
| | |<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
| | | |
| | | D1. CONTROL (join B<-->confY) |
| | |++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | | |--+ join B
| | | | | & confY
| | | D2. 200 OK |<-+ sendrecv
| | |<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++| (audio)
| | | |
|<<##################################################>>|
| Participant B is mixed (sendrecv) in the sidebar |
| (A, C, and D can't listen to her/him anymore) |
|<<##################################################>>|
| | | |
| | | E1. CONTROL (modjoin D---confX) |
| | |++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | | |--+ modjoin D
| | | | | & confX
| | | E2. 200 OK |<-+ (inactive)
| | |<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
| | | |
| | | F1. CONTROL (join D<-->confY) |
| | |++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | | |--+ join D
| | | | | & confY
| | | F2. 200 OK |<-+ sendrecv
| | |<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++| (audio)
| | | |
| |<<########################################>>|
| | D is mixed (sendrecv) in the sidebar too |
| | (A and C can't listen to her/him anymore) |
| |<<########################################>>|
| | |
. . .
. . .
UAC AS
(FCP) (FCS) MS
| | |
| INVITE (SDP: RTP+BFCP) | |
|-------------------------------->| |
| | INVITE (SDP: RTP) |
| |-------------------------------->|
| | 200 (SDP: RTP'+labels) |
| |<--------------------------------|
| match +--| |
| floors | | |
| & labels +->| |
| | |
| 200 (SDP: RTP'+BFCP'+labels) | |
|<--------------------------------| |
| ACK | |
|-------------------------------->| |
| | ACK |
| |-------------------------------->|
| | |
|<<###################### RTP MEDIA STREAMS ######################>>|
| | |
|<<******** BFCP CHANNEL *******>>| |
| | |
. . .
. . .
+-------+ +--------+
| UAC | | AS | +-------+
| (FCP) |<****** BFCP ******>| (FCS) |<****** BFCP *******>| (FCC) |
+-------+ +--------+ +-------+
^ ^
| |
| CFW |
| |
| v
| +--------+
+----------RTP---------->| MS |
+--------+
UAC1 UAC2 AS
(FCP) (FCC) (FCS) MS
| | | |
|<<####################################################|
| UAC1 is muted (recvonly stream) in the conference |
|<<####################################################|
| | | |
| | FloorQuery |
| |*******>>| |
| | |--+ handle |
| | | | subscription |
| | |<-+ |
| | FloorStatus |
| |<<*******| |
| | | |
| FloorRequest | |
|*****************>>| |
| | |--+ handle |
| | | | request |
| Pending |<-+ (queue) |
|<<*****************| |
| | | |
| | FloorStatus |
| |<<*******| |
| | | |
| | ChairAction (ACCEPT) |
| |*******>>| |
| | ChairActionAck |
| |<<*******| |
| | |--+ handle |
| | | | decision |
| | |<-+ (queue) |
| Accepted | |
|<<*****************| |
| | FloorStatus |
| |<<*******| |
| | | |
| | |--+ queue |
| | | | grants |
| | |<-+ floor |
| | | |
| | | 1. CONTROL (modjoin UAC<->conf) |
| | |++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | | |--+ modjoin
| | | | | UAC & conf
| | | 2. 200 OK |<-+ (sendrecv)
| | |<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
| | | |
|<<##################################################>>|
| UAC1 is now unmuted (sendrecv) in the conference |
| and can speak, contributing to the mix |
|<<##################################################>>|
| | | |
| Granted | |
|<<*****************| |
| | FloorStatus |
| |<<*******| |
| | | |
. . .
. . .
UAC AS MS
| | |
| | A1. CONTROL (play variables and |
| | collect the user's choice) |
| |++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | | prepare &
| | |--+ start
| | | | the
| | A2. 200 OK |<-+ dialog
| |<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
| | |
|<<########################################################|
| "You have five messages ..." |
|<<########################################################|
| | |
| | B1. CONTROL (<collectinfo>) |
| |<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
| | B2. 200 OK |
| |++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | |
| | C1. CONTROL (VCR for chosen msg) |
| |++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | | prepare &
| | |--+ start
| | | | the
| | C2. 200 OK |<-+ dialog
| |<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
| | |
|<<########################################################|
| "Hi there, I tried to call you but..." |--+
|<<########################################################| | handle
| | | | VCR-
|########################################################>>| | driven
| The UAC controls the playout using DTMF | | (DTMF)
|########################################################>>| |playout
| | |<-+
| | D1. CONTROL (<dtmfnotify>) |
| |<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
| | D2. 200 OK |
| |++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | |
. . .
. (other events are received in the meantime) |
. . .
| | E1. CONTROL (<controlinfo>) |
| |<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
| | E2. 200 OK |
| |++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | |
. . .
. . .
UAC AS MS
| | |
| | A1. CONTROL (play variables) |
| |++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>| prepare
| | |--+ and
| | A2. 202 | | start
| |<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++| | the
| | | | dialog
| | | | (takes
| | A3. REPORT (terminate) |<-+ time)
| |<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
| | A4. 200 OK |
| |++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | |
|<<########################################################|
| "16th of december 2008, 5:31 PM..." |
|<<########################################################|
| | |
| | B1. CONTROL (<promptinfo>) |
| |<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
| | B2. 200 OK |
| |++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | |
. . .
. . .
. . .
UAC AS MS
| | |
| | A1. CONTROL (recurring collection) |
| |++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | |--+ start
| | | | the
| | A2. 200 OK |<-+ dialog
| |<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
| | |
|########################################################>>|
| Recurring DTMF digit collection starts |--+ get
|########################################################>>| | DTMF
| | |<-+ digits
| | B1. CONTROL (dtmfinfo=*1) |
| |<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
| | B2. 200 OK |--+ get
| |++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>| | DTMF
| | |<-+ digits
| | C1. CONTROL (modifyjoin UAC1-->conf) |
| |++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | |--+ modify
| | | | UAC
| | C2. 200 OK |<-+ volume
| |<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
| | |
|########################################################>>|
| Volume of UAC in conference is lowered |
|########################################################>>|
| | |
| | D1. CONTROL (dtmfinfo=*9) |
| |<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
| | D2. 200 OK |--+ get
| |++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>| | DTMF
| | |<-+ digits
| | E1. CONTROL (modifyjoin UAC1<--conf) |
| |++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | |--+ modify
| | | | conf
| | E2. 200 OK |<-+ volume
| |<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
| | |
|<<########################################################|
| Now UAC can hear the conference mix at a higher volume |
|<<########################################################|
| | |
| | F1. CONTROL (dtmfinfo=*6) |
| |<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
| | F2. 200 OK |--+ get
| |++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>| | DTMF
| | |<-+ digits
| | G1. CONTROL (modifyjoin UAC1-->conf) |
| |++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | |--+ mute
| | | | UAC in
| | G2. 200 OK |<-+ conf
| |<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
| | |
|########################################################>>|
| UAC is now muted in the conference |
|########################################################>>|
| | |
| | H1. CONTROL (dtmfinfo=*0) |
| |<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
| | H2. 200 OK |--+ get
| |++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>| | DTMF
| | |<-+ digits
| | I1. CONTROL (destroy DTMF dialog) |
| |++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | |--+ delete
| | | | the
| | I2. 200 OK |<-+ dialog
| |<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++| (DTMF
| | |collection
| | | stops)
| | J1. CONTROL (dialogexit) |
| |<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
| | J2. 200 OK |
| |++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | |
|########################################################>>|
| No more tones from UAC are collected |
|########################################################>>|
| | |
| | K1. CONTROL (unjoin UAC1<-X->conf) |
| |++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | |--+ unjoin
| | | | UAC &
| | K2. 200 OK |<-+ conf
| |<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
| | |
| | L1. CONTROL (unjoin-notify) |
| |<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
| | L2. 200 OK |
| |++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | |
. . .
. . .
MRB MS
| |
| A1. CONTROL (MRB subscription) |
|--------------------------------------------->|
| A2. 200 OK |
|<---------------------------------------------|
| |--+ collect
| | | requested
| |<-+ info
| B1. CONTROL (MRB notification) |
|<---------------------------------------------|
| B2. 200 OK |
|--------------------------------------------->|
| |
. .
. .
| |
| |--+ collect
| | | up-to-date
| |<-+ info
| C1. CONTROL (MRB notification) |
|<---------------------------------------------|
| C2. 200 OK |
|--------------------------------------------->|
| |
. .
. .
| |
| D1. CONTROL (Update MRB subscription) |
|--------------------------------------------->|
| D2. 200 OK |
|<---------------------------------------------|
| |
. .
. .
AS MRB
| |
| 1. HTTP POST (Consumer request) |
|--------------------------------------------->|
| |
| |
| |--+ Parse request
| | | and see if any
| |<-+ MS applies
| |
| 2. 200 OK (Consumer response) |
|<---------------------------------------------|
| |
|--+ Parse response and |
| | start session (SIP/COMEDIA/CFW) |
|<-+ with MS reported by MRB |
| |
. .
. .
AS MRB MS
| | |
| 1. INVITE | |
| (multipart/mixed: | |
| application/cfw, | |
| application/mrb-consumer+xml) |
|---------------------->| |
| 2. 100 (Trying) | |
|<----------------------| |
| |--+ Extract SDP and |
| | | MRB payloads; handle |
| |<-+ Consumer request to |
| | pick MS |
| | |
| | 3. INVITE |
| | (application/cfw from 1.) |
| |-------------------------->|
| | 4. 100 (Trying) |
| |<--------------------------|
| | |--+ Negotiate
| | | | CFW Control
| | |<-+ Channel
| | 5. 200 OK |
| | (application/cfw from MS) |
| |<--------------------------|
| | 6. ACK |
| |-------------------------->|
| Prepare new +--| |
| payload with | | |
| SDP from MS and +->| |
| Consumer reply | |
| | |
| 7. 200 OK | |
| (multipart/mixed: | |
| application/cfw from MS, |
| application/mrb-consumer+xml) |
|<----------------------| |
| 8. ACK | |
|---------------------->| |
| | |
|--+ Read Consumer | |
| | reply and use SDP | |
|<-+ to create CFW Chn. | |
| | |
| |
|<<############## TCP CONNECTION #################>>|
| |
| CFW SYNC |
|++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>|
| |
. . .
. . .
UAC AS MRB MS
| | | |
| 1. INVITE | | |
| (audio/video) | | |
|-------------->| | |
| 2. 100 Trying | | |
|<--------------| | |
| | 3. INVITE | |
| | (multipart/mixed: | |
| | audio/video from 1., | |
| | application/mrb-consumer+xml) |
| |---------------------->| |
| | 4. 100 (Trying) | |
| |<----------------------| |
| | |--+ Extract SDP and |
| | | | MRB payloads; handle |
| | |<-+ Consumer request to |
| | | pick Media Servers |
| | | |
| | | 5. INVITE |
| | | (audio/video from 3.) |
| | |------------------------->|
| | | 6. 100 (Trying) |
| | |<-------------------------|
| | | +--|
| | | Handle media dialog | |
| | | (connection-id) +->|
| | | |
| | | 7. 200 OK |
| | | (audio/video from MS) |
| | |<-------------------------|
| | | 8. ACK |
| | |------------------------->|
| | Prepare new +--| |
| | payload with | | |
| | SDP from MS and +->| |
| | Consumer reply | |
| | | |
| | 9. 200 OK | |
| | (multipart/mixed: | |
| | audio/video from MS, |
| | application/mrb-consumer+xml) |
| |<----------------------| |
| | 10. ACK | |
| |---------------------->| |
| | | |
| |--+ Read Consumer | |
| | | reply and send | |
| |<-+ SDP back to UAC | |
| 11. 200 OK | | |
|(audio/video from MS) | |
|<--------------| | |
| 12. ACK | | |
|-------------->| | |
| | | |
|<<*************************** RTP ******************************>>|
| | | |
| |--+ Negotiate | |
| | | CFW channel | |
| |<-+ towards MS | |
| | (if needed) | |
. . . .
. . . .
| | | |
| |<<############## TCP CONNECTION ################>>|
| | |
| | CFW SYNC |
| |+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>|
| | |
. . . .
. . . .
AS MRB MS
| | |
| 1. INVITE | |
| (application/cfw) | |
|---------------------->| |
| 2. 100 (Trying) | |
|<----------------------| |
| |--+ Pick an MS |
| | | and redirect |
| |<-+ INVITE there |
| | |
| | 3. INVITE |
| | (application/cfw from 1.) |
| |-------------------------->|
| | 4. 100 (Trying) |
| |<--------------------------|
| | |--+ Negotiate
| | | | CFW Control
| | |<-+ Channel
| | 5. 200 OK |
| | (application/cfw from MS) |
| |<--------------------------|
| | 6. ACK |
| |-------------------------->|
| | |
| 7. 200 OK | |
|(application/cfw from MS) |
|<----------------------| |
| 8. ACK | |
|---------------------->| |
| | |
| |
|<<############## TCP CONNECTION #################>>|
| |
| CFW SYNC |
|++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>|
| |
. . .
. . .
UAC AS MRB MS
| | | |
| | 1. Consumer request | |
| |--------------------------->| |
| | | |
| | 2. Consumer response | |
| |<---------------------------| |
| | | |
| | 3. COMEDIA negotiation to create CFW channel |
| |-------------------------------------------------->|
| | | |
| |<<############## CFW CONNECTION #################>>|
| 4. INVITE xyz | | |
|--------------->| | |
| | 5. Attach UAC to MS (3PCC) |
| |-------------------------------------------------->|
| | | |
|<<++++++++++++++++++++++ RTP channels ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | | |
. . . .
. . . .
UAC AS MRB MS
| | | |
| | 1. Consumer request | |
| |--------------------------->| |
| | | |
| | 2. Consumer response | |
| |<---------------------------| |
| | | |
| | 3. COMEDIA negotiation | |
| |--------------------------->| |
| | | 4. COMEDIA neg. |
| | |--------------------->|
| | | |
| |<<############## CFW CONNECTION #################>>|
| 5. INVITE xyz | | |
|--------------->| | |
| | 6. Attach UAC to MS (3PCC) | |
| |--------------------------->| |
| | | 7. Attach UAC (3PCC) |
| | |--------------------->|
| | | |
|<<++++++++++++++++++++++ RTP channels ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | | |
. . . .
. . . .
UAC1 UAC2 AS MRB MS
| | | | |
| | | 1. COMEDIA negotiation (A) | |
| | |--------------------------->| |
| | | | 2. COMEDIA neg. (A) |
| | | |--------------------->|
| | | | |
| | |<<############## CFW CONNECTION #################>>|
| | | | |
| | | 3. COMEDIA negotiation (B) | |
| | |--------------------------->| |
| | | | 4. COMEDIA neg. (B) |
| | | |--------------------->|
| | | | |
| | |<<############## CFW CONNECTION #################>>|
| 5. INVITE xyz | | |
|--------------->| | |
| | | 6. Attach UAC1 to MS (3PCC)| |
| | |--------------------------->| |
| | | | 7. Attach UAC (3PCC) |
| | | |--------------------->|
| | | | |
|<<++++++++++++++++++++++ RTP channels ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | | | |
| | 8. INVITE| | |
| | jkl | | |
| |--------->| | |
| | | 9. Attach UAC2 to MS (3PCC)| |
| | |--------------------------->| |
| | | | 10. Attach UAC (3PCC)|
| | | |--------------------->|
| | | | |
| |<<++++++++++++++++ RTP channels ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | | | |
. . . . .
. . . . .
UAC1 AS MRB MS
| | | |
| | 1. COMEDIA negotiation | |
| |--------------------------->| |
| | | |
| | 2. 302 Moved (MS) | |
| |<---------------------------| |
| | | |
| | 3. COMEDIA negotiation | |
| |-------------------------------------------------->|
| | | |
| |<<############## CFW CONNECTION #################>>|
| | | |
| 4. INVITE xyz | | |
|--------------->| | |
| | 5. Attach UAC1 to MS (3PCC)| |
| |-------------------------------------------------->|
| | | |
|<<++++++++++++++++++++++ RTP channels ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | | |
. . . .
. . . .
UAC1 AS MRB MS
| | | |
| | 1. COMEDIA negotiation (MRB) | |
| |------------------------------>| |
| | | |
| | 2. 302 Moved (MRB') | |
| |<------------------------------| |
| | | |
| | 3. COMEDIA negotiation (MRB') | |
| |------------------------------>| |
| | | 4. COMEDIA neg. |
| | |------------------>
| | | |
| |<<############## CFW CONNECTION #################>>|
| | | |
| 5. INVITE xyz | | |
|--------------->| | |
| | 6. Attach UAC1 to MRB' (3PCC) | |
| |------------------------------>| |
| | | 7 Attach UAC (3PCC)
| | |------------------>
| | | |
|<<++++++++++++++++++++++ RTP channels ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | | |
. . . .
. . . .
UAC1 UAC2 AS MRB MS1 MS2
| | | | | |
| | | 1. COMEDIA negotiation (A) | | |
| | | INVITE fake-ms1 | | |
| | |--------------------------->| | |
| | | | 2. COMEDIA (A) | |
| | | |---------------->| |
| | | | | |
| | |<<############## CFW CONNECTION 1 ##########>>| |
| | | | | |
| | | 3. COMEDIA negotiation (B) | | |
| | | INVITE fake-ms2 | | |
| | |--------------------------->| | |
| | | | 4. COMEDIA neg. (B) |
| | | |--------------------->|
| | | | | |
| | |<<############## CFW CONNECTION 2 ###############>>|
| | | | | |
| 5. INVITE xyz | | | |
|--------------->| | | |
| | | 6. Attach UAC1 to fake-ms1 (3PCC) | |
| | |--------------------------->| | |
| | | | 7. Attach UAC | |
| | | |---------------->| |
| | | | | |
|<<++++++++++++++++++++++ RTP channels +++++++++++++++++++++++>>| |
| | | | | |
| 8. INVITE jkl | | | |
|--------------->| | | |
| | | 9. Attach UAC2 to fake-ms2 (3PCC) | |
| | |--------------------------->| | |
| | | | 10. Attach UAC | |
| | | |--------------------->|
| | | | | |
|<<+++++++++++++++++++++++++ RTP channels +++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | | | | |
. . . . . .
. . . . . .
UAC AS MRB MS
| | | |
| INVITE xyz | | |
|--------------->| | |
| | SIP [..] | |
| | From: <..>;tag=a1b2c3 | |
| | To: <..>;tag=d4e5f6 | |
| |<------------------------>| |
| | | SIP [..] |
| | | From: <..>;tag=aaabbb |
| | | To: <..>;tag=cccddd |
| | |<---------------------->|
| | | |
| | 1. CONTROL (play announcement to UAC) |
| |-------------------------------------------------->|
| | 2. 200 (IVR Error!) |
| |<--------------------------------------------------|
| | | |
. . . .
. . . .
AS1 AS2 MS
| | |
| A1. CONTROL (IVR audit) |
|++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | A2. 200 OK |
|<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
| | |
| B1. CONTROL (Mixer audit) |
|++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | B2. 200 OK |
|<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
| | |
| | C1. CONTROL (IVR audit) |
| |++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | C2. 200 OK |
| |<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
| | |
| | D1. CONTROL (Mixer audit) |
| |++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | D2. 200 OK |
| |<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
| | |
| E1. CONTROL (dialogterminate) |
|++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | E2. 403 Forbidden |
|<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
| | |
| | F1. CONTROL (join UAC&conf[AS1]) |
| |++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++>>|
| | F2. 403 Forbidden |
| |<<++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++|
| | |
. . .
. . .
+----+ +----+
| MS | | MR |
+----+ +----+ +-----+ /-----------\
| | /---| xTR |---| LISP site |
+------+ /------------\---/ +-----+ \-----------/
| PxTR |---| IP network |
+------+ \------------/---\ +-----+ /-----------\
| \---| xTR |---| LISP site |
/---------------\ +-----+ \-----------/
| Non-LISP site |
\---------------/
| 96 bits | 32 |
+------------------------------------------------+-----------------+
| 0:0:0:0:0:0 | IPv4 address |
+------------------------------------------------+-----------------+
| 16 bits | 32 | 16 | 64 |
+---------+----------------+--------+------------------------------+
| 2002 | IPv4 address | Subnet | Interface ID |
+---------+----------------+--------+------------------------------+
| n bits | o bits | m bits | 128-n-o-m bits |
+---------------+--------------+-----------+-----------------------+
| 6rd prefix | IPv4 prefix | Subnet ID | Interface ID |
+---------------+--------------+-----------+-----------------------+
|<--- 6rd delegated prefix --->|
| 48 bits | 16 | 32 | 32 |
+---------------------+--------+-----------------+-----------------+
| Organisation prefix | Subnet | 0:0 | IPv4 address |
+---------------------+--------+-----------------+-----------------+
| 48 bits | 16 | 32 | 32 |
+---------------------+--------+-----------------+-----------------+
| Organisation prefix | Subnet | ug00:5EFE | IPv4 address |
+---------------------+--------+-----------------+-----------------+
| 32 bits | 32 | 16 | 16 | 32 |
+----------------+---------------+-------+-------+-----------------+
| 2001:0 | Server IPv4 | Flags | Port | Client IPv4 |
+----------------+---------------+-------+-------+-----------------+
| 48 bits | 32 | 16 | 32 |
+----------------------+-----------------+-------+-----------------+
| 6a44 prefix | Cust. site IPv4 | Port | Client IPv4 |
+----------------------+-----------------+-------+-----------------+
| 32 bits | 32 | 50 | 14 |
+----------+---------------------+-------------------------+-------+
| prefix |general 6bed4 address| direct 6bed4 address | lanIP |
+----------+---------------------+-------------------------+-------+
Link #5 +--+---+--+ Link #4
+--------------------------| |--------------------------+
| | ODXC | |
| +---------+ |
| Node E |
| |
+-++---+--+ +--+---+--+ +--+---+--+ +--+---+-++
| |Link #1 | |Link #2 | |Link #3 | |
| |--------| |--------| |--------| |
| ODXC | | ODXC | | ODXC | | ODXC |
+---------+ +---------+ +---------+ +---------+
Node A Node B Node C Node D
Node E
Link #5 +--------+ Link #4
+------------------------| |------------------------+
| ------ |
| // \\ |
| || || |
| | OCh domain | |
+-+-----+ +------ || || ------+ +-----+-+
| | | \\ // | | |
| |Link #1 | -------- |Link #3 | |
| +--------+ | | +--------+ +
| ODXC | | ODXC +--------+ ODXC | | ODXC |
+-------+ +---------+Link #2 +---------+ +-------+
Node A Node B Node C Node D
Link #5 +---------+ Link #4
+------------------------| |-----------------------+
| +----| ODXC |----+ |
| +-++ +---------+ ++-+ |
| Node f | | Node E | | Node g |
| +-++ ++-+ |
| | +--+ | |
+-+-----+ +----+----+--| |--+-----+---+ +-----+-+
| |Link #1 | | +--+ | |Link #3 | |
| +--------+ | Node h | +--------+ |
| ODXC | | ODXC +--------+ ODXC | | ODXC |
+-------+ +---------+ Link #2+---------+ +-------+
Node A Node B Node C Node D
Path
+----------+ ------------> +----------+
| TS1==|===========\--------+--TS1 |
| TS2==|=========\--\-------+--TS2 |
| TS3==|=======\--\--\------+--TS3 |
| TS4==|=====\--\--\--\-----+--TS4 |
| | \ \ \ \----+--TS5 |
| | \ \ \------+--TS6 |
| | \ \--------+--TS7 |
| | \----------+--TS8 |
+----------+ <------------ +----------+
node A Resv node B
+------------------+
| |
| |
| Server |
| |
+--------+---------+
|
|
+--------+---------+
| |
| |
| Client |
| |
+------------------+
+------------------+ +------------------+
| | | |
| | | |
| Server 1 | | Server 2 |
| | | |
+--------+-`.------+ +------.'+---------+
`. .'
`. .'
`. .'
`. .'
+-------`.'--------+
| |
| |
| Client |
| |
+------------------+
+---------------------------------------------+
| Application A +----------------------+----------------------+
|+------------------+ | +----------------+ | +------------------+|
|| | | | | | | ||
|| | | | | | | ||
|| Server 1 | | | Server 2 | | | Server 3 ||
|| | | | | | | ||
|+--------+---------+ | +-------+--------+ | +-+----------------+|
| | | | | | |
+---------+-----------+----------+-----------+ | |
| | | | |
| | | | Application B |
| +----------+----------------+-----------------+
``-.._ | |
`-..__ | _.-''
`--._ | _.-''
``-._ | _.-''
+-----`-.-''-----+
| |
| |
| Client |
| |
+----------------+
+------------------+ +------------------+
| | | |
| | | |
| Server 1 | | Server 2 |
| | | |
+--------+-`.------+ +------.'+---------+
`. .'
`. .'
`. .'
`. .'
+-------`.'--------+
| |
| |
| Agent |
| |
+--------+---------+
|
|
|
+--------+---------+
| |
| |
| Client |
| |
+------------------+
+--------------------------------------------+
| Application A +----------------------+----------------------+
|+------------------+ | +----------------+ | +------------------+|
|| | | | | | | ||
|| | | | | | | ||
|| Server 1 | | | Server 2 | | | Server 3 ||
|| | | | | | | ||
|+---------+--------+ | +-------+--------+ | +--+---------------+|
| | | | | | |
+----------+----------+----------+-----------+ | |
| | | | |
| | | | Application B |
| +----------+-----------------+----------------+
| | |
``--.__ | _.
``-.__ | __.--''
`--.._ | _..--'
+----``-+.''-----+
| |
| |
| Agent |
| |
+-------+--------+
|
|
+-------+--------+
| |
| |
| Client |
| |
+----------------+
+-------------------------------------------+
| Interconnect |
| |
| +--------------+ +--------------+ |
| | Server 3 |------| Server 4 | |
| +--------------+ +--------------+ |
| .' `. |
+------.-'--------------------------`.------+
.' `.
.-' `.
------------.'-----+ +----`.-------------
+----------+ | | +----------+
| Server 1 | | | | Server 2 |
+----------+ | | +----------+
| |
Network Operator 1 | | Network Operator 2
-------------------+ +-------------------
Native Application
Protocol(s)
.-------------. (e.g., P2P) .-------------.
| Application | <------------------> | Application |
| Endpoint | | Endpoint |
| | | |
| .--------. | | .--------. |
| | DECADE | | | | DECADE | |
| | Client | | | | Client | |
| `--------' | | `--------' |
`-------------' `-------------'
| ^ | ^
DECADE | | Standard | |
Resource | | Data DRP | | SDT
Protocol | | Transfer | |
(DRP) | | (SDT) | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
v v v v
.=============. DRP .=============.
| DECADE | <------------------> | DECADE |
| Server | <------------------> | Server |
`=============' SDT `============='
.----------.
2. Obtain --------> | S(A) | <------
Token / `----------' \ 4. Request and
(DRP) / \ Download
Locally / \ Data Object
or From / \ (DRP + SDT)
S(A) v 1. App Request v
.-------------. <--------------------------- .-------------.
| Application | | Application |
| Endpoint A | | Endpoint B |
`-------------' ---------------------------> `-------------'
3. App Response (token)
Native Application Protocol(s)
(with other Application Endpoints)
.--------------------->
|
V
.----------------------------------------------------------------.
| Application Endpoint |
| .-------------------. .-------------------. |
| | Application-Layer | ... | App Data Assembly | |
| | Algorithms | | Sequencing | |
| `-------------------' `-------------------' |
| |
| .==========================================================. |
| | DECADE Client | |
| | .-------------------------. .--------------------------. | |
| | | Resource Controller | | Data Controller | | |
| | | .--------. .----------. | | .------------. .-------. | | |
| | | | Data | | Resource-| | | | Data | | Data | | | |
| | | | Access | | Sharing | | | | Scheduling | | Index | | | |
| | | | Policy | | Policy | | | | | | | | | |
| | | `--------' `----------' | | `------------' `-------' | | |
| | `-------------------------' `--------------------------' | |
| | | ^ | |
| `== | ============================== | ====================' |
`----- | ------------------------------ | -----------------------'
| |
| DECADE Resource Protocol | Standard Data Transfer
| (DRP) | (SDT)
v V
| DECADE Resource | Standard Data
| Protocol (DRP) | Transfer (SDT)
| |
.= | ================= | ===========================.
| | v DECADE Server |
| | .----------------. |
| |----> | Access Control | <--------. |
| | `----------------' | |
| | ^ | |
| | | | |
| | v | |
| | .---------------------. | |
| `-> | Resource Scheduling | <------| |
| `---------------------' | |
| ^ | |
| | | |
| v .-----------------. |
| .-----------------. | User Delegation | |
| | Data Store | | Management | |
| `-----------------' `-----------------' |
`==================================================='
Application Chunks
.---------.---------.---------.---------.---------.---------.--------
| | | | | | |
| Chunk_0 | Chunk_1 | Chunk_2 | Chunk_3 | Chunk_4 | Chunk_5 | Chunk_6
| | | | | | |
`---------`---------`---------`---------`---------`---------`--------
DECADE Data Objects
.---------------------------------------.----------------------------
| |
| Object_0 | Object_1
| |
`---------------------------------------`----------------------------
Application's Video Stream
.--------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
`--------------------------------------------------------------------
^ ^ ^ ^ ^
| | | | |
0 seconds 10 seconds 20 seconds 30 seconds 40 seconds
0 B 400 KB 900 KB 1200 KB 1500 KB
DECADE Data Objects
.--------------.--------------.--------------.--------------.--------
| | | | |
| Object_0 | Object_1 | Object_2 | Object_3 |
| (400 KB) | (500 KB) | (300 KB) | (300 KB) |
`--------------`--------------`--------------`--------------`--------
MN MAG LMA
|------>| | 1. Mobile Node Attach
| |------->| 2. Proxy Binding Update
| |<-------| 3. Proxy Binding Acknowledgement
| |========| 4. Tunnel/Route Setup
| | |
| |<-------| 5. Update Notification (FORCE-REREGISTRATION)
| |------->| 6. Update Notification Acknowledgement
| | |
| |------->| 7. Proxy Binding Update
| |<-------| 8. Proxy Binding Acknowledgement
| | |
MN MAG LMA
|------>| | 1. Mobile Node Attach
| |------->| 2. Proxy Binding Update
| |<-------| 3. Proxy Binding Acknowledgement
| |========| 4. Tunnel/Route Setup
| | |
| |<-------| 5. Update Notification
| | | (UPDATE-SESSION-PARAMETERS)
| |------->| 6. Update Notification Acknowledgement
| + | 7. MAG applies the new policy option
| | |
PBBN Access IP/MPLS Core PBBN Access
+--------------+
+---------+ | | +---------------+
| | +----+ | | |
| +---+ |VPLS| +-+ | | +---+ |
| |BCB|---| PE |---|P| | | |BCB| |
| +---+ /+----+ /+-+ | | /+---+ |
|+---+ | / +----+ / +----+ / +---+|
+--+ ||IB-| +---+/ |VPLS|/ +-+ |VPLS|/ +---+ |IB-|| +--+
|CE|-||BEB|-|BCB|---| PE |---|P|--| PE |---|BCB|-|BEB|--|CE|
+--+ |+---+ +---+ ^ +----+ +-+ +----+ ^ +---+ +---+| +--+
| | | | | | | |
+---------+ | | | +--|------------+
| +--------------+ |
| |
Type I Type I
PBBN Access IP/MPLS Core PBBN Access
+--------------+
+---------+ | | +---------+
| | | | | |
| +---+ +-----+ | | +---+ |
| |B- | |PE w/| +-+ | | |BCB| |
| |BEB|--|B-BEB|-|P| | | +---+ |
| +---+ /+-----+ +-+ | | / | |
|+---+ +---+/ +-----+/ +-----+ +---+ +---+|
+--+ ||IB-| |B- | |PE w/| +-+ |PE w/| |B- | |IB-|| +--+
|CE|-||BEB|-|BEB|--|B-BEB|-|P|-|B-BEB|-|BEB| |BEB|--|CE|
+--+ |+---+ +---+ ^+-----+ +-+ +-----+^+---+ +---+| +--+
| | | | | | | |
+---------+ | | | | +---------+
| +-------------+ |
| |
Type II Type II
PBN Access IP/MPLS Core PBBN Access
(802.1ad) +--------------+ (802.1ah)
| | +---------+
+---------+ | | | |
| | +-----+ | | +---+ |
| +---+ |PE w/| +-+ | | |BCB| |
| |PCB|--|IBBEB|-|P| | | +---+ |
| +---+ /+-----+ +-+ | | / | |
| | / +-----+/ +-----+ +---+ +---+|
+--+ |+---+ +---+ |PE w/| +-+ |PE w/| |B- | |IB-|| +--+
|CE|-||PEB|-|PCB|--|IBBEB|-|P|-|B-BEB|-|BEB| |BEB|--|CE|
+--+ |+---+ +---+ ^+-----+ +-+ +-----+^+---+ +---+| +--+
| | | |PE1 PE2| | | |
+---------+ | | | | +---------+
| +-------------+ |
| |
S-Tagged Type II (I-Tagged)
PBN Access IP/MPLS Core PBBN Access
(802.1ad) +--------------+ (802.1ah)
| | +---------+
+---------+ | | | |
| | +-----+ | | +---+ |
| +---+ | PE | +-+ | | |BCB| |
| |PCB|--| |-|P| | | +---+ |
| +---+ /+-----+ +-+ | | / | |
| | / +-----+/ +-----+ +---+ +---+|
+--+ |+---+ +---+ | PE | +-+ |PE w/| |B- | |IB-|| +--+
|CE|-||PEB|-|PCB|--| |-|P|-|IBBEB|-|BEB| |BEB|--|CE|
+--+ |+---+ +---+ ^+-----+ +-+ +-----+^+---+ +---+| +--+
| | | |PE1 PE2| | | |
+---------+ | | | | +---------+
| +-------------+ |
| |
S-Tagged Type II (I-Tagged)
PBB PBB
BEB +----------+ BEB
| | | |
| +-----------+ | IP | +-----------+ |
| | MPLS | | MPLS | | MPLS | |
V | Access +----+ | Core | +----+ Access | V
+--+ +----+ |VPLS|-| |-|VPLS| +----+ +--+
|CE|--|U-PE| |N-PE| | | | PE | |U-PE|--|CE|
+--+ +----+ +----+ | | +----+ +----+ +--+
| | | | | |
+-----------+ +----------+ +-----------+
PBB PBB
BEB +----------+ BEB
| | | |
+-----------+ | | IP | | +-----------+
| MPLS | V | MPLS | V | MPLS |
| Access +----+ | Core | +----+ Access |
+--+ +----+ |VPLS|-| |-|VPLS| +----+ +--+
|CE|--|U-PE| |N-PE| | | | PE | |U-PE|--|CE|
+--+ +----+ +----+ | | +----+ +----+ +--+
| | | | | |
+-----------+ +----------+ +-----------+
PBB PBB
+----------+ IB-BEB IB-BEB
| | | |
+-----------+ | IP | | +-----------+ |
| MPLS | | MPLS | V | MPLS | |
| Access +----+ | Core | +----+ Access | V
+--+ +----+ |VPLS|-| |-|VPLS| +----+ +--+
|CE|--|U-PE| |N-PE| | | | PE | |U-PE|--|CE|
+--+ +----+ +----+ | | +----+ +----+ +--+
| (Existing)| | | | (New) |
+-----------+ +----------+ +-----------+
PBB PBB
IB-BEB +----------+ IB-BEB
| | | |
+-----------+ | | IP | +-----------+ |
| MPLS | V | MPLS | | MPLS | |
| Access +----+ | Core | +----+ Access | V
+--+ +----+ |VPLS|-| |-|VPLS| +----+ +--+
|CE|--|U-PE| |N-PE| | | | PE | |U-PE|--|CE|
+--+ +----+ +----+ | | +----+ +----+ +--+
| (Existing)| | | | (New) |
+-----------+ +----------+ +-----------+
PBB
B-BEB PBB
+----------+ IB-BEB IB-BEB
| | | |
+-----------+ | IP | | +-----------+ |
| MPLS | | MPLS | V | MPLS | |
| Access +----+ | Core | +----+ Access | V
+--+ +----+ |VPLS|-| |-|VPLS| +----+ +--+
|CE|--|U-PE| |N-PE| | | |N-PE| |U-PE|--|CE|
+--+ +----+ +----+ | | +----+ +----+ +--+
| (Existing)| | | | (New) |
+-----------+ +----------+ +-----------+
+------------+ +-------------+
| SIP Server | | XMPP Server |
+------------+ +-------------+
\ /
media \ / instant messaging,
signaling \ / presence, etc.
\ /
+--------------+
| CUSAX Client |
+--------------+
+-------+-------+ \
| Service | \
| Provider | | Service
| Router | | Provider
+-------+-------+ | Network
| /
| Customer /
| Internet Connection /
|
+------+--------+ \
| IPv6 | \
| Customer Edge | \
| Router | /
+---+-------+-+-+ /
Network A | | Network B | End-User
---+-------------+----+- --+--+-------------+--- | Network(s)
| | | | \
+----+-----+ +-----+----+ +----+-----+ +-----+----+ \
|IPv6 Host | |IPv6 Host | | IPv6 Host| |IPv6 Host | /
| | | | | | | | /
+----------+ +-----+----+ +----------+ +----------+ /
| | |
| INVITE F1 | |
|--------------->| |
| 180 Ringing F2 | |
|<---------------| |
| 200 OK F3 | |
|<---------------| |
| ACK F4 | |
|--------------->| |
| RTP | |
|<==============>| |
| | |
| | |
| INVITE F5 | |
| (no SDP) | |
|<---------------| |
| 200 OK F6 | |
| (SDP offer) | |
|--------------->| |
| | |
| | |
| | INVITE F7 |
| | (SDP offer, |
| | rev. hold) |
| |------------->|
| | 200 OK F8 |
| | (SDP answer, |
| | hold) |
| |<-------------|
| | ACK F9 |
| |------------->|
| | |
| | |
| ACK F10 | |
| (SDP answer, | |
| hold) | |
|<---------------| |
| no RTP | |
|<..............>| |
| Music-on-hold RTP |
|<==============================|
| | |
| | |
| INVITE F11 | |
| (SDP offer) | |
|<---------------| |
| 200 OK F12 | |
| (SDP answer) | |
|--------------->| |
| ACK F13 | |
|<---------------| |
| | BYE F14 |
| |------------->|
| | 200 F15 |
| |<-------------|
| RTP | |
|<==============>| |
| | |
| | | |
| | | INVITE/Replaces |
| | | From: Carol |
| | | To: Bob |
| | | (SDP offer) |
| |<-------------------------------|
| | INVITE | |
| | From: Bob | |
| | To: Music Source |
| | (SDP offer, | |
| | rev. hold) | |
| |------------->| |
| | 200 OK | |
| | From: Bob | |
| | To: Music Source |
| | (SDP answer, | |
| | hold) | |
| |<-------------| |
| | ACK | |
| | From: Bob | |
| | To: Music Source |
| |------------->| |
| | | 200 OK |
| | | From: Carol |
| | | To: Bob |
| | | (SDP answer, |
| | | hold) |
| |------------------------------->|
| | | ACK |
| | | From: Carol |
| | | To: Bob |
| |<-------------------------------|
| | | Music-on-hold RTP
| | |================>|
| | | |
| | | |
| BYE | | |
| From: Bob | | |
| To: Alice | | |
|<---------------| | |
| 200 OK | | |
| From: Bob | | |
| To: Alice | | |
|--------------->| | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | BYE | |
| | From: Bob | |
| | To: Music Source |
| |------------->| |
| | 200 OK | |
| | From: Music Source |
| | To: Bob | |
| |<-------------| |
| | | |
| | | |
| REFER | | |
| From: Bob | | |
| To: Alice | | |
| Refer-To: Carol| | |
|--------------->| | |
| | re-INVITE | |
| | From: Bob | |
| | To: Music Source |
| | (no SDP) | |
| |------------->| |
| | 200 OK | |
| | From: Bob | |
| | To: Music Source |
| | (SDP offer, | |
| | hold) | |
| |<-------------| |
| | | INVITE |
| | | From: Bob |
| | | To: Carol |
| | | (SDP offer, |
| | | hold) |
| |------------------------------->|
| | | 200 OK |
| | | From: Bob |
| | | To: Carol |
| | | (SDP answer, |
| | | rev. hold) |
| |------------------------------->|
| | ACK | |
| | From: Bob | |
| | To: Music Source |
| | (SDP answer, | |
| | rev. hold) | |
| |------------->| |
| | | ACK |
| | | From: Bob |
| | | To: Carol |
| |------------------------------->|
| | | |
| BYE | | |
| From: Bob | | |
| To: Alice | | |
|<---------------| | |
| 200 OK | | |
| From: Bob | | |
| To: Alice | | |
|--------------->| | |
| | | |
1: UA --- HTTP HEAD/GET; Accept-Datetime: T ----------------> URI-R
2: UA <-- HTTP 200; Link: URI-G ----------------------------- URI-R
3: UA --- HTTP HEAD/GET; Accept-Datetime: T ----------------> URI-G
4: UA <-- HTTP 302; Location: URI-M; Vary; Link:
URI-R,URI-T ------------------------------------------> URI-G
5: UA --- HTTP GET URI-M; Accept-Datetime: T ---------------> URI-M
6: UA <-- HTTP 200; Memento-Datetime: T; Link:
URI-R,URI-T,URI-G ------------------------------------- URI-M
1: UA --- HTTP HEAD/GET ------------------------------------> URI-R
2: UA <-- HTTP 200; Link: URI-G ----------------------------- URI-R
3: UA --- HTTP HEAD/GET ------------------------------------> URI-G
4: UA <-- HTTP 302; Location: URI-M; Vary; Link:
URI-R,URI-T ------------------------------------------> URI-G
5: UA --- HTTP GET URI-T -----------------------------------> URI-T
6: UA <-- HTTP 200 ------------------------------------------ URI-T
,-------.
,' `.
,-------. / Emergency \
,' `. | Services |
/ VoIP \ I | Network |
| Provider | n | |
| | t | |
| | e | |
| +-------+ | r | |
+--+---|Inbound|<--+-----m | |
| | |Proxy | | e | +------+ |
| | +-------+ | d | |PSAP | |
| | | i | +--+---+ |
+----+ | | | a-+ | | |
| UA |<---+ | | t | | | |
| |----+ | | e | | | |
+----+ | | | | | | |
| | | P | | | |
| | | r | | | |
| | +--------+ | o | | | |
+--+-->|Outbound|--+---->v | | +--+---+ |
| |Proxy | | i | | +-+ESRP | |
| +--------+ | d | | | +------+ |
| | e | | | |
| | r +----+-+ |
\ / | |
`. ,' \ /
'-------' `. ,'
'-------'
,-----------.
+----+ ,' `.
| UA |--- esrp@example.net / Emergency \
+----+ \ | Services |
\ ,-------. | Network |
,' `. | |
/ VoIP \ | +------+ |
( Provider ) | | PSAP | |
\ example.org / | +--+---+ |
`. ,' | | |
'---+---' | | |
| | psap@example.com |
esrp@example.net | | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | +--+---+ |
+------------+-----+ ESRP | |
| +------+ |
| |
\ /
`. ,'
'----------'
,-------.
,' `.
/ Emergency \
| Services |
| Network |
|(state.example)|
| |
| |
| +------+ |
| |PSAP +--+ |
| +--+---+ | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
| +--+---+ | |
------------------+---+ESRP | | |
esrp-a@state.org | +------+ | |
| | |
| Call Fwd | |
| +-+-+---+ |
\ | | | /
`. | | | ,'
'-|-|-|-' ,-------.
Police | | | Fire ,' `.
+------------+ | +----+ / Emergency \
,-------. | | | | Services |
,' `. | | | | Network |
/ Emergency \ | Ambulance | | (Fire) |
| Services | | | | | |
| Network | | +----+ | | +------+ |
| (Police) | | ,-------. | +----+---+PSAP | |
| | | ,' `. | | +------+ |
| +------+ | | / Emergency \ | | |
| |PSAP +----+--+ | Services | | | example.com ,
| +------+ | | Network | | `~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
| | | (Ambulance) | |
| example.net , | | |
`~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ | +------+ | |
| |PSAP +----+ +
| +------+ |
| |
| example.org ,
`~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
,-------.
,' `.
/ Emergency \
| Services |
| Network |
| example.com |
| |
| +------+ | INVITE to police@example.com
| |PSAP +<---+------------------------+
| | +----+--------------------+ ^
| +------+ |INVITE from | |
| ,police@example.com | |
`~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ | |
v |
+--------+ Query with location +--+---+-+
| | + urn:service:sos | VoIP |
| LoST |<-----------------------|Service |
| Server | police@example.com |Provider|
| |----------------------->| |
+--------+ +--------+
| ^
INVITE| | INVITE
from| | to
police@example.com| | urn:service:sos
V |
+-------+
| SIP |
| UA |
| Alice |
+-------+
+-----------+
| PSTN |-------------+
| Calltaker | |
| Bob |<--------+ |
+-----------+ | v
-------------------
//// \\\\ +------------+
| | |PSTN / VoIP |
| PSTN |---->|Gateway |
\\\\ //// | |
------------------- +----+-------+
^ |
| |
+-------------+ | +--------+
| | | |VoIP |
| PSTN / VoIP | +->|Service |
| Gateway | |Provider|
| |<------INVITE----| Y |
+-------------+ +--------+
| ^
| |
INVITE INVITE
| |
V |
+-------+
| SIP |
| UA |
| Alice |
+-------+
appendix
|
+-------------------------------+
| |
+-----------+ +------------------------+- - - +
| message M |---| digital signature zeta | text |
+-----------+ +------------------------+- - - +
+--------+ +------------+
+----+ | !------| ODTUjk |-----Client
| | | ODTUGk | +-----.------+
| |-----| PT=0x21| .
| | | | +-----.------+
| | | |------| ODTUk.ts |-----Client
|OPUk| +--------+ +------------+
| |
| | +--------+ +------------+
| | | |------| ODTUjk |-----Client
| |-----| | +-----.------+
+----+ | ODTUGk | .
| PT=0x20| +-----.------+
| |------| ODTUjk |-----Client
+--------+ +------------+
ODU1-LSP
.........................................
TSG-C| |TSG-C
1.25| ODU2-H-LSP |1.25 Gbit/s
Gbit/s+------------X--------------------------+
| TSG-S| |TSG-S
| 2.5| |2.5 Gbit/s
| Gbit/s| ODU3-H-LSP |
| |------------X-------------|
| | |
+--+--+ +--+--+ +---+-+
| | | | +-+ +-+ | |
| A +------+ B +-----+ +***+ +-----+ Z |
| V.3 | OTU2 | V.1 |OTU3 +-+ +-+ OTU3| V.3 |
+-----+ +-----+ +-----+
ODU0
<-------------------------------------->
| |
+--------+ +--------+ +--------+ +--------+
| | | | | | 1.25 | |
| Node | | Node | | Node +------+ Node |
| A +------+ B +------+ C | ODU3 | D |
| | ODU3 | | ODU3 | +------+ |
+--------+ 1.25 +--------+ 2.5 +--------+ 2.5 +--------+
+------+ component link 1 +------+
| +------------------+ |
| | component link 2 | |
| N1 +------------------+ N2 |
| | component link 3 | |
| +------------------+ |
+------+ +---+--+
MATRIX LINE INTERFACE
+-----------------+ +-----------------+
| +-------+ | ODU2 | |
----->| ODU2 |----|----------|--------\ |
| +-------+ | | +----+ |
| | | \__/ |
| | | \/ |
| +-------+ | ODU3 | | ODU3 |
----->| ODU3 |----|----------|------\ | |
| +-------+ | | \ | |
| | | \| |
| | | +----+ |
| | | \__/ |
| | | \/ |
| | | ---------> OTU3
+-----------------+ +-----------------+
ODU0 Transparently Transported
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
| ODU2 LSP Carrying ODU0 Service |
| |'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''| |
| | | |
| +----++ OTU2 +-----+ OTU2 +-----+ OTU2 ++----+ |
ODU0 | | Link | | Link | | Link | | ODU0
---->| A |_________| B |_________| C |_________| D |---->
| | | | | | | |
+-----+ +--+--+ +-----+ ++--+-+
| | |
OTU3| | |
Link| +-----+__________________| |
| | | OTU3 Link |
|____| E | |
| |_____________________|
+-----+ OTU2 Link
___________________________________________
( )
( Clients in the Internet )
(___________________________________________)
| |
------------ DNS-based ------------
| Ingress | load splitting | Ingress |
| router | affects | router |
------------ routing ------------
___|____________________________|___
| |
| |
| |
------------ ------------
| L3/4 ASIC| | L3/4 ASIC|
| balancer | | balancer |
------------ ------------
| load |
| spreading |
__________|________________________|___________
| | | |
------------ ------------ -------- --------
|HTTP proxy|...|HTTP proxy| | SSL |...| SSL |
| balancer | | balancer | | proxy| | proxy|
------------ ------------ -------- --------
____|_____________|_____________|_________|_____
| | | | |
-------- -------- -------- -------- --------
|HTTP | |HTTP | |HTTP | |HTTP | |HTTP |
|server| |server| |server| |server| |server|
-------- -------- -------- -------- --------
+----+ +----+
| MN | | HA |
+----+ +----+
| FID#1(voice+video) |
|/==============================\|
|\==============================/|
| |
| FBI(add,FID#1,TS[video]) |
|<-------------------------------|
| FBA(FID#1,TS[video]) |
|------------------------------->|
| BU(FID#2,TS[video]) |
|------------------------------->|
| BA(FID#2,TS[video]) |
|<-------------------------------|
| |
| FID#1(voice) |
|<==============================>|
| FID#2(video) |
|<==============================>|
+----+ +----+
| MN | | HA |
+----+ +----+
|<=sCoA |
| |<=tCoA |
| | FBI(FID,tCoA) |
|<--------------------------------|
| | FBA(FID,tCoA) |
|-------------------------------->|
| | |
| | BU(BID[tCoA],FID) |
| |------------------------------>|
| | BA(BID[tCoA],FID) |
| |<------------------------------|
| | |
+---------------+
|MPLS Tree Label|
+---------------+
| VPLS Label |
++=============++ ++=============++ ++=============++
||C-Ether Hdr || || C-Ether Hdr || || C-Ether Hdr ||
++=============++ >>>>> ++=============++ >>>>> ++=============++
|| C-IP Header || || C-IP Header || || C-IP Header ||
++=============++ >>>>> ++=============++ >>>>> ++=============++
|| C-Payload || || C-Payload || || C-Payload ||
++=============++ ++=============++ ++=============++
+---------------+
|MPLS Tree Label|
++=============++ ++=============++ ++=============++
||C-Ether Hdr || || C-Ether Hdr || || C-Ether Hdr ||
++=============++ >>>>> ++=============++ >>>>> ++=============++
|| C-IP Header || || C-IP Header || || C-IP Header ||
++=============++ >>>>> ++=============++ >>>>> ++=============++
|| C-Payload || || C-Payload || || C-Payload ||
++=============++ ++=============++ ++=============++
Alice (SIP WSS) proxy.example.com
| |
|HTTP GET (WS handshake) F1 |
|---------------------------->|
|101 Switching Protocols F2 |
|<----------------------------|
| |
|REGISTER F3 |
|---------------------------->|
|200 OK F4 |
|<----------------------------|
| |
Alice (SIP WSS) proxy.example.com (SIP UDP) Bob
| | |
|INVITE F1 | |
|---------------------------->| |
|100 Trying F2 | |
|<----------------------------| |
| |INVITE F3 |
| |---------------------------->|
| |200 OK F4 |
| |<----------------------------|
|200 OK F5 | |
|<----------------------------| |
| | |
|ACK F6 | |
|---------------------------->| |
| |ACK F7 |
| |---------------------------->|
| | |
| Bidirectional RTP Media |
|<=========================================================>|
| | |
| |BYE F8 |
| |<----------------------------|
|BYE F9 | |
|<----------------------------| |
|200 OK F10 | |
|---------------------------->| |
| |200 OK F11 |
| |---------------------------->|
| | |
.---------.
Tmpl. | |
ID .---->|Collector|<==>Customer 1
256 | | #1 |
| | |
RD=100:1 '---------'
.--------. .--------. |
| | Tmpl. | |----'
| | Id | | .---------.
| | 258 | | RD=100:2 | |
| IPFIX |------->| IPFIX |--------->|Collector|<==>Customer 2
|Exporter| |Mediator| Tmpl. | #2 |
| #1 | | | ID 257 | |
| | | | '---------'
| | | |----.
'--------' '--------' |
RD=100:3
| .---------.
Tmpl. | | |
ID '---->|Collector|<==>Customer 3
257 | #3 |
| |
'---------'
+-----------------------------------------------------------------+
| Template Entry A: |
| Incoming Transport Session information (from Exporter#1): |
| Source IP: <Exporter#1 export IP address> |
| Destination IP: <IPFIX Mediator IP address> |
| Protocol: SCTP |
| Source Port: <source port> |
| Destination Port: 4739 (IPFIX) |
| Observation Domain ID: <Observation Domain ID> |
| Template ID: 258 |
| Metadata scoped to the Template : <not applicable in this case> |
| |
| Template Entry B: |
| Outgoing Transport Session information (to Collector#1): |
| Source IP: <IPFIX Mediator IP address> |
| Destination IP: <IPFIX Collector#1 IP address> |
| Protocol: SCTP |
| Source Port: <source port> |
| Destination Port: 4739 (IPFIX) |
| Observation Domain ID: <Observation Domain ID> |
| Template ID: 256 |
| Metadata scoped to the Template : <not applicable in this case> |
| |
| Template Entry C: |
| Outgoing Transport Session information (to Collector#2): |
| Source IP: <IPFIX Mediator IP address> |
| Destination IP: <IPFIX Collector#2 IP address> |
| Protocol: SCTP |
| Source Port: <source port> |
| Destination Port: 4739 (IPFIX) |
| Observation Domain ID: <Observation Domain ID> |
| Template ID: 257 |
| Metadata scoped to the Template : <not applicable in this case> |
| |
| Template Entry D: |
| Outgoing Transport Session information (to Collector#3): |
| Source IP: <IPFIX Mediator IP address> |
| Destination IP: <IPFIX Collector#3 IP address> |
| Protocol: SCTP |
| Source Port: <source port> |
| Destination Port: 4739 (IPFIX) |
| Observation Domain ID: <Observation Domain ID> |
| Template ID: 257 |
| Metadata scoped to the Template : <not applicable in this case> |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------+
+--> Template Entry B
|
Template Entry A <--+--> Template Entry C
|
+--> Template Entry D
Template Entry A <--+
|
Template Entry B <--+--> Template Entry D
|
Template Entry C <--+
-----------------------------------------
| ForCES Network Element |
| +-----------+ |
| | CEn | |
| | (Backup) | |
-------------- Fc | +------------+ +------------+ | |
| CE Manager |--------+-| CE1 |------| CE2 |-+ |
-------------- | | (Active) | Fr | (Backup) | |
| | +-------+--+-+ +---+---+----+ |
| Fl | | | Fp / | |
| | | +---------+ / | |
| | Fp| |/ |Fp |
| | | | | |
| | | Fp /+--+ | |
| | | +-------+ | | |
| | | | | | |
-------------- Ff | --------+--+-- ----+---+----+ |
| FE Manager |--------+-| FE1 | Fi | FE2 | |
-------------- | | |------| | |
| -------------- -------------- |
| | | | | | | | | |
----+--+--+--+----------+--+--+--+-------
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
Fi/f Fi/f
FE CE Primary CE Secondary
| | |
| Association Establishment | |
| Capabilities Exchange | |
1 |<------------------------->| |
| | |
| State Update | |
2 |<------------------------->| |
| | |
| | |
| FAILURE |
| |
| Association Establishment, Capabilities Exchange|
3 |<----------------------------------------------->|
| |
| Event Report (primary CE down) |
4 |------------------------------------------------>|
| |
| State Update |
5 |<----------------------------------------------->|
FE tries to associate
+-->-----+
| |
(CE changes master || | |
CE issues Teardown || +---+--------v----+
Lost association) && | Pre-association |
CE failover policy = 0 | (Association |
+------------>-->-->| in +<----+
| | progress) | |
| | | |
| +--------+--------+ |
| CE Association | | CEFTI
| Response V | timer
| +------------------+ | expires
| |FE issues CEPrimaryDown ^
| V |
+-+-----------+ +------+-----+
| | (CE changes master || | Not |
| | CE issues Teardown || | Associated |
| | Lost association) && | +->---+
| Associated | CE failover policy = 1 |(May | FE |
| | | Continue | try v
| |-------->------->------>| Forwarding)| assn|
| | Start CEFTI timer | |-<---+
| | | |
+-------------+ +-------+----+
^ |
| Successful V
| Association |
| Setup |
| (Cancel CEFTI timer) |
+_________________________________________+
FE issues CEPrimaryDown event
FE tries to associate
+-->-----+
| |
(CE changes master || | |
CE issues Teardown || +---+--------v----+
Lost association) && | Pre-association |
CE failover policy = 0 | (Association |
+------------>-->-->| in +<----+
| | progress) | |
| | | |
| +--------+--------+ |
| CE Association | | CEFTI
| Response V | timer
| +------------------+ | expires
| |FE issues CEPrimaryDown ^
| |FE issues PrimaryCEChanged ^
| V |
+-+-----------+ +------+-----+
| | (CE changes master || | Not |
| | CE issues Teardown || | Associated |
| | Lost association) && | +->----------+
| Associated | CE failover policy = 1 |(May | find first |
| | | Continue | associated v
| |-------->------->------>| Forwarding)| CE or retry|
| | Start CEFTI timer | | associating|
| | | |-<----------+
| | | |
+----+--------+ +-------+----+
| |
^ Found | associated CE
| or newly | associated CE
| V
| (Cancel CEFTI timer) |
+_________________________________________+
FE issues CEPrimaryDown event
FE issues PrimaryCEChanged event
FE CE#1 CE#2 ... CE#N
| | | |
| Association Establishment | | |
| Capabilities Exchange | | |
1 |<------------------------->| | |
| | | |
| State Update | | |
2 |<------------------------->| | |
| | | |
| Association Establishment | |
| Capabilities Exchange | |
3I|<-------------------------------------->| |
... ... ... ...
|Association Establishment, Capabilities Exchange |
3N|<----------------------------------------------->|
| | | |
4 |<------------------------->| | |
. . . .
4x|<------------------------->| | |
| FAILURE | |
| | | |
| Event Report (LastCEID changed) | |
5 |--------------------------------------->|------->|
| Event Report (CE#2 is new master) | |
6 |--------------------------------------->|------->|
| | |
7 |<-------------------------------------->| |
. . . .
7x|<-------------------------------------->| |
. . . .
+----------------+------------+-----------+-------------+-----------+
| LFB Class | LFB Class | LFB | Description | Reference |
| Identifier | Name | Version | | |
+----------------+------------+-----------+-------------+-----------+
MSb LSb
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
| | | N | C | E | U | A | P | R | S | F |
| Zero | Future | S | W | C | R | C | S | S | Y | I |
| (Data Offset) | Use | | R | E | G | K | H | T | N | N |
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
example.org
**
+-- ** <--+
(1) / . . \ (3)
/ . . \
| . . |
v . . |
** (2) **
a.example.org ** ---------> ** d.example.org
example.org
**
+-- ** . . . . . . . . . . .
(1) / . ^ . .
/ . | . .
| . | . .
v . | . .
** | (2) ** ++
h.example.org ** ----+----> ** 3.example.org ++ 2.example.org
. / . | .
. / (5) . | (3) .
. / . | .
. / . v .
1.h.example.org ** ** ++
** <--------- ** 3.3.example.org ++ x.2.example.org
(4)
| | | | |
| INVITE F1 | | | |
|----------->| INVITE F2 | | |
| |----------------->| | |
| 100 Trying F3 | | |
|<-----------| 302 Move Temporarily F4 | |
| |<-----------------| | |
| | ACK F5 | | |
| |----------------->| | |
| | INVITE F6 | |
| |-------------------------->| |
| | 180 Ringing F7 | |
| |<--------------------------| |
| 180 Ringing F8 | |
|<-----------| retransmit INVITE | |
| |-------------------------->| |
| | ( timeout ) | |
| | INVITE F9 |
| |----------------------------------->|
| | 100 Trying F10 |
| |<-----------------------------------|
| | 486 Busy Here F11 |
| |<-----------------------------------|
| 486 Busy Here F12 |
|<-----------| ACK F13 |
| |----------------------------------->|
| ACK F14 | |
|----------->| |
| | | | |
| INVITE F1 | | | |
|------------>| | | |
| | | | |
| | INVITE F2 | | |
| |--------------->| | |
| | | | |
| | | INVITE F3 | |
| | |---------------->| |
| | |302 Move Temporarily F4 |
| | |<----------------| |
| | | ACK F5 | |
| | |---------------->| |
| | | | |
| | | INVITE F6 | |
| | |--------------------------->|
| | | 200 F7 | |
| | |<---------------------------|
| | | | |
| | 200 F8 | | |
| |<---------------| | |
| | | | |
| 200 F9 | | | |
|<------------| | | |
| | | | |
| | ACK | | |
|---------------------------------------------------------->|
| | | | |
Alice atlanta.example.com biloxi.example.com Bob
| | | |
| INVITE F1 | | |
|--------------->| | |
| | | |
| | INVITE F2 | |
| |--------------->| |
| | | |
| | | INVITE F3 |
| | |--------------->|
| | | |
| | | 200 F4 |
| | |<---------------|
| | | |
| | 200 F5 | |
| |<---------------| |
| | | |
| 200 F6 | | |
|<---------------| | |
| | | |
| | ACK | |
|------------------------------------------------->|
| | | |
| | | | |
| INVITE F1 | | | |
|------------->| | | |
| | | | |
| | INVITE F2 | | |
| |------------->| | |
| | | | |
| | 302 Moved Temporarily F3 | |
| |<-------------| | |
| | | | |
| | ACK | | |
| |------------->| | |
| | | | |
| | INVITE F4 | | |
| |--------------------------->| |
| | | | |
| | | | INVITE F5 |
| | | |----------->|
| | | | |
| | | | 200 OK F6 |
| | | |<-----------|
| | | | |
| | 200 OK F7 | |
| |<---------------------------| |
| | | | |
| 200 OK F8 | | | |
|<-------------| | | |
| | | | |
| ACK F9 |
|------------------------------------------------------->|
Alice example.com John
| | REGISTER F1 |
| |<--------------------|
| | 200 OK F2 |
| |-------------------->|
| INVITE F3 | |
|-------------------->| |
| | INVITE F4 |
| |-------------------->|
* Rest of flow not shown *
| INVITE F1 | | | |
|------------->| | | |
| | INVITE F2 | | |
| |------------->| | |
| | | | |
| 100 Trying | | | |
|<-------------| 302 Moved Temporarily F3 | |
| |<-------------| | |
| | | | |
| | ACK | | |
| |------------->| | |
| | | | |
| | INVITE F4 | | |
| |--------------------------->| |
| | | | |
| | 180 Ringing F5 | |
| |<---------------------------| |
| | | | |
| 180 Ringing | | | |
|<-------------| | | |
| | | | |
| | (timeout) | |
| | | | |
| | INVITE F6 | | |
| |-------------------------------------->|
| | | | |
| | 200 OK F7 |
| |<--------------------------------------|
| 200 OK | | | |
|<-------------| | | |
| | | | |
| ACK |
|----------------------------------------------------->|
| INVITE F1 | | | |
|------------->| | | |
| | INVITE F2 | | |
| |------------->| | |
| | | | |
| 100 Trying | | | |
|<-------------| 302 Moved Temporarily F3 | |
| |<-------------| | |
| | | | |
| | ACK | | |
| |------------->| | |
| | | | |
| | INVITE F4 | | |
| |--------------------------->| |
| | | | |
| | 180 Ringing F5 | |
| |<---------------------------| |
| | | | |
| 180 Ringing | | | |
|<-------------| | | |
| | | | |
| | (timeout) | |
| | | | |
| | INVITE F6 | | |
| |-------------------------------------->|
| | | | |
| | 200 OK F7 |
| |<--------------------------------------|
| 200 OK | | | |
|<-------------| | | |
| | | | |
| ACK |
|----------------------------------------------------->|
Alice example.com John
| | REGISTER F1 |
| |<--------------------|
| | 200 OK F2 |
| |-------------------->|
| INVITE F3 | |
|-------------------->| |
| | INVITE F4 |
| |-------------------->|
* Rest of flow not shown *
Alice example.com John
| | REGISTER F1 |
| |<--------------------|
| | 200 OK F2 |
| |-------------------->|
| INVITE F3 | |
|-------------------->| |
| | INVITE F4 |
| |-------------------->|
* Rest of flow not shown *
Alice Toll-Free Service Atlanta.com John
| | | |
| INVITE F1 | | |
|--------------->| INVITE F2 | |
| |------------->| |
| | | INVITE F3 |
| | |------------------>|
<-- 6 --> <-- 6 --> <-- 4 --> <---- 2 ---->
+---------+---------+---------+-------------+
| | | | |
| C-DA | C-SA | C-TAG | Length/Type |
| a | b | c | d |
+---------+---------+---------+-------------+
<-- 6 --> <-- 6 --> <-- 4 --> <-- 4 --> <---- 2 ---->
+---------+---------+---------+---------+-------------+
| | | | | |
| C-DA | C-SA | S-TAG | C-TAG | Length/Type |
| a | b | c | d | e |
+---------+---------+---------+---------+-------------+
<-- 6 --> <-- 6 --> <-- 4 --> <--- 16 ---> <-- 4 --> <---- 2 ---->
+---------+---------+---------+------------+---------+-------------+
| | | | | | |
| B-DA | B-SA | B-TAG | I-TAG | C-TAG | Length/Type |
| a | b | c | d | e | f |
+---------+---------+---------+------------+---------+-------------+
(3) |
,'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''|
| ............................ |
| |Determine if the number of| |
| |existing adjacencies is < | |
| |the maximum configured | |
| |value | |
| '`'''''''\'''''''''''''''/'' |
| \ / |
| ................\.........../.............. |
| |Determine if the neighbor has the highest| |
| |(Router Priority, Router ID) combination | |
| ''''''''''''`'''/'''''''\'''''''''''''''''' |
| / \ |
'`'''''''''''''''''''''/'''''''''''\'''''''''''''''''''''''
+-------+ +-------+ +-------+
| OTN | | OTN | | OTN |
|Switch |<- OTUk Link ->|Switch |<- OTUk Link ->|Switch |
| A | | B | | C |
+-------+ +-------+ +-------+
+-------+ +-------+ +-------+
| OTN | | OTN | | OTN |
|Switch |<- OTUk Link ->|Switch |<- OTUk Link ->|Switch |
| A | | B | | C |
+-------+ +-------+ +-------+
ODUk Switched
|<------------- ODUk Link ------------->|
|<-------------- TE-Link--------------->|
ODU0-LSP
..........................................................+
| |
| ODU2-H-LSP |
| +-------------------------------+
| | |
+--+--+ +-----+ +-----+ if1 +-----+ +-----+
| | OTU3 | | OTU3 | |---------| |---------| |
| A +------+ B +------+ C | if2 | D | | E |
| | | | | |---------| |---------| |
+-----+ +-----+ +-----+ +-----+ +-----+
+-----+ +---------+ +-----+
| +-------------+ +-----+ +-------------+ |
| +=============+\| ODU |/+=============+ |
| +=============+/| flex+-+=============+ |
| +-------------+ | |\+=============+ |
| +-------------+ +-----+ +-------------+ |
| | | | | |
| | ....... | | ....... | |
| A +-------------+ B +-------------+ C |
+-----+ HO ODU4 +---------+ HO ODU2 +-----+
ODU Type | Nominal Bit Rate | Tolerance
---------------------------------+------------------+-----------
ODUflex(GFP) of n TSs, 1<=n<=8 | n * ODU2.ts | +/-100 ppm
ODUflex(GFP) of n TSs, 9<=n<=32 | n * ODU3.ts | +/-100 ppm
ODUflex(GFP) of n TSs, 33<=n<=80 | n * ODU4.ts | +/-100 ppm
+---------------+ +--------------+
| Class whole |o------------| Class part |
+---------------+ +--------------+
+---------------+ +--------------+
| Class whole |@------------| Class part |
+---------------+ +--------------+
SCSI Transport Protocol Naming Format
+----------------------------+-------+-----+----+
| | EUI-64| NAA |IQN |
|----------------------------|-------|-----|----|
| iSCSI (Internet SCSI) | X | X | X |
|----------------------------|-------|-----|----|
| FCP (Fibre Channel) | | X | |
|----------------------------|-------|-----|----|
| SAS (Serial Attached SCSI) | | X | |
+----------------------------+-------+-----+----+
Naming String defined by
Type Date Auth "example.com" naming authority
+--++-----+ +---------+ +--------------------------------+
| || | | | | |
Type NAA identifier (ASCII-encoded hexadecimal)
+--++------------------------------+
| || |
naa.62004567BA64678D0123456789ABCDEF
+-----------------------------------+
| Network Entity (iSCSI Client) |
| |
| +-------------+ |
| | iSCSI Node | |
| | (Initiator) | |
| +-------------+ |
| | | |
| +--------------+ +--------------+ |
| |Network Portal| |Network Portal| |
| | 192.0.2.4 | | 192.0.2.5 | |
+-+--------------+-+--------------+-+
| |
| IP Networks |
| |
+-+--------------+-+--------------+-+
| |Network Portal| |Network Portal| |
| |198.51.100.21 | |198.51.100.3 | |
| | TCP Port 3260| | TCP Port 3260| |
| +--------------+ +--------------+ |
| | | |
| ------------------ |
| | | |
| +-------------+ +--------------+ |
| | iSCSI Node | | iSCSI Node | |
| | (Target) | | (Target) | |
| +-------------+ +--------------+ |
| |
| Network Entity (iSCSI Server) |
+-----------------------------------+
----------------------------IP Network---------------------
| | |
+----|----------------|----+ +----|---------+
| +---------+ +---------+ | | +---------+ |
| | Network | | Network | | | | Network | |
| | Portal | | Portal | | | | Portal | |
| +---------+ +---------+ | | +---------+ |
| | | | | | |
| | Portal | | | | Portal |
| | Group 1 | | | | Group 2 |
+--------------------------+ +--------------+
| | |
+--------|----------------|------------------|------------------+
| | | | |
| +----------------------------+ +----------------------------+ |
| | iSCSI Session (Target side)| | iSCSI Session (Target side)| |
| | | | | |
| | (TSIH = 56) | | (TSIH = 48) | |
| +----------------------------+ +----------------------------+ |
| |
| iSCSI Target Node |
| (within Network Entity, not shown) |
+---------------------------------------------------------------+
+----------------+
| Network Entity |
+----------------+
@ 1 @ 1
| |
+----------------------+ |
| |
| | 0..*
| +------------------+
| | iSCSI Node |
| +------------------+
| @ @
| | |
| +-----------+ =(a)= +-----------+
| | |
| | 0..1 | 0..1
| +------------------------+ +----------------------+
| | iSCSI Target Node | | iSCSI Initiator Node |
| +------------------------+ +----------------------+
| @ 1 @ 1
| +---------------+ |
| 1..* | | 1..*
| +-----------------------------+
| | Portal Group |
| +-----------------------------+
| O 1
| |
| | 1..*
| 1..* +------------------------+
+--------------------| Network Portal |
+------------------------+
+----------------+
| Network Entity |
+----------------+
@ 1 @ 1
| | +------------------+
+---------------------+ | | iSCSI Session |
| | +------------------+
| | 0..* | SSID[1] |
| +--------------------+ | ISID[1] |
| | iSCSI Node | +------------------+
| +--------------------+ @ 1
| | iSCSI Node Name[1] | |
| | Alias [0..1] | | 0..*
| +--------------------+ +------------------+
| | | | iSCSI Connection |
| +--------------------+ +------------------+
| @ 1 @ 1 | CID[1] |
| | | +------------------+
| +-------------+ ==(b)== +---------+ 0..* |
| | 1 | 1 |
| +------------------------+ +------------------------+ |
| | iSCSI Target Node | | iSCSI Initiator Node | |
| +------------------------+ +------------------------+ |
| | iSCSI Target Name [1] | |iSCSI Initiator Name [1]| |
| +------------------------+ +------------------------+ |
| @ 1 @ 1 |
| | 1..* | 1..* |
| +--------------------------+ +------------------------+ |
| | Target Portal Group | | Initiator Portal Group | |
| +--------------------------+ +------------------------+ |
| |Target Portal Group Tag[1]| | Portal Group Tag[1] | |
| +--------------------------+ +------------------------+ |
| o 1 o 1 |
| +------------+ +----------+ |
| 1..* | | 1..* |
| +-------------------------+ |
| | Network Portal | |
| +-------------------------+ |
| 1..* | IP Address [1] | 1 |
+----------------| TCP Port [0..1] |<-----------------------+
+-------------------------+
+
/ \
/ 2 \ <-- Connection recovery
+-----+
/ 1 \ <-- Digest failure recovery
+---------+
/ 0 \ <-- Session failure recovery
+-------------+
-------<-------------+
+--------->/ S1 \<----+ |
T13| +->\ /<-+ \ |
| / ---+--- \ \ |
| / | T2 \ | |
| T8 | |T1 | | |
| | | / |T7 |
| | | / | |
| | | / | |
| | V / / |
| | ------- / / |
| | / S2 \ / |
| | \ / / |
| | ---+--- / |
| | |T4 / |
| | V / | T18
| | ------- / |
| | / S4 \ |
| | \ / |
| | ---+--- | T15
| | |T5 +--------+---------+
| | | /T16+-----+------+ |
| | | / -+-----+--+ | |
| | | / / S7 \ |T12| |
| | | / +->\ /<-+ V V
| | | / / -+----- -------
| | | / /T11 |T10 / S8 \
| | V / / V +----+ \ /
| | ---+-+- ----+-- | -------
| | / S5 \T9 / S6 \<+ ^
| +-----\ /--->\ / T14 |
| ------- --+---+---------+T17
+---------------------------+
+----+---+---+---+---+----+---+
|S1 |S2 |S4 |S5 |S6 |S7 |S8 |
---+----+---+---+---+---+----+---+
S1| - |T1 | - | - | - | - | - |
---+----+---+---+---+---+----+---+
S2|T2 |- |T4 | - | - | - | - |
---+----+---+---+---+---+----+---+
S4|T7 |- |- |T5 | - | - | - |
---+----+---+---+---+---+----+---+
S5|T8 |- |- | - |T9 |T11 |T15|
---+----+---+---+---+---+----+---+
S6|T13 |- |- | - |T14|- |T17|
---+----+---+---+---+---+----+---+
S7|T18 |- |- | - |T10|T12 |T16|
---+----+---+---+---+---+----+---+
S8| - |- |- | - | - | - | - |
---+----+---+---+---+---+----+---+
-------<-------------+
+--------->/ S1 \<----+ |
T13| +->\ /<-+ \ |
| / ---+--- \ \ |
| / | T6 \ | |
| T8 | |T3 | | |
| | | / |T7 |
| | | / | |
| | | / | |
| | V / / |
| | ------- / / |
| | / S3 \ / |
| | \ / / | T18
| | ---+--- / |
| | |T4 / |
| | V / |
| | ------- / |
| | / S4 \ |
| | \ / |
| | ---+--- T15 |
| | |T5 +--------+---------+
| | | /T16+-----+------+ |
| | | / -+-----+---+ | |
| | | / / S7 \ |T12| |
| | | / +->\ /<-+ V V
| | | / / -+----- -------
| | | / /T11 |T10 / S8 \
| | V / / V \ /
| | ---+-+- ------- -------
| | / S5 \T9 / S6 \ ^
| +-----\ /--->\ / |
| ------- --+---+---------+T17
+---------------------------+
+----+---+---+---+---+----+---+
|S1 |S3 |S4 |S5 |S6 |S7 |S8 |
---+----+---+---+---+---+----+---+
S1| - |T3 | - | - | - | - | - |
---+----+---+---+---+---+----+---+
S3|T6 |- |T4 | - | - | - | - |
---+----+---+---+---+---+----+---+
S4|T7 |- |- |T5 | - | - | - |
---+----+---+---+---+---+----+---+
S5|T8 |- |- | - |T9 |T11 |T15|
---+----+---+---+---+---+----+---+
S6|T13 |- |- | - |- |- |T17|
---+----+---+---+---+---+----+---+
S7|T18 |- |- | - |T10|T12 |T16|
---+----+---+---+---+---+----+---+
S8| - |- |- | - | - | - | - |
---+----+---+---+---+---+----+---+
---------
/ R1 \
+---\ /<-+
/ ----+---- \
/ | \ M3
M1 | |M2 |
| | /
| | /
| | /
| V /
| ---------/
| / R2 \
| \ /
| ---------
| |
| |M4
| |
| |
| |
| V
| --------
| / R3 \
+----->\ /
--------
+----+----+----+
|R1 |R2 |R3 |
-----+----+----+----+
R1 | - |M2 |M1 |
-----+----+----+----+
R2 |M3 | - |M4 |
-----+----+----+----+
R3 | - | - | - |
-----+----+----+----+
---------
/ Q1 \
+---------->\ /<-+
/ ----+---- |
/ | |N3
N6 | |N1 |
| | |
| N4 | |
| +------------+ | /
| | | | /
| | | | /
| | V V /
--+-+--- -------+-
/ Q4 \ N5 / Q3 \
\ /<------\ /
-------- ---------
+---+---+---+
|Q1 |Q3 |Q4 |
-----+---+---+---+
Q1 | - |N1 | - |
-----+---+---+---+
Q3 |N3 | - |N5 |
-----+---+---+---+
Q4 |N6 |N4 | - |
-----+---+---+---+
---------
+------------------->/ Q1 \
/ +-------------->\ /<-+
| | ---+----- |
| | ^ | |N3
N6 | |N11 N9| V N1 |
| | +-------- |
| | / Q2 \ |
| | \ / |
| ---+----- +--+----- |
| / Q5 \ | |
| \ / N10 | |
| -+-+----+-----------+ | N2 /
| ^ | | | /
| N7| |N8 | | /
| | | | V /
--+---+-V V------+-
/ Q4 \ N5 / Q3 \
\ /<-------------\ /
--------- ---------
+----+----+----+----+----+
|Q1 |Q2 |Q3 |Q4 |Q5 |
-----+----+----+----+----+----+
Q1 | - |N1 | - | - | - |
-----+----+----+----+----+----+
Q2 |N9 | - |N2 | - | - |
-----+----+----+----+----+----+
Q3 |N3 | - | - |N5 | - |
-----+----+----+----+----+----+
Q4 |N6 | - | - | - |N7 |
-----+----+----+----+----+----+
Q5 |N11 | - |N10 |N8 | - |
-----+----+----+----+----+----+
Byte/ 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
/ | | | |
|0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7|0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7|0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7|0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7|
+---------------+---------------+---------------+---------------+
8| T | A | B | C |
+---------------+---------------+---------------+---------------+
12| D |
+---------------+---------------+
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Status | Code | Description
|(hex) |
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Success | 0000 | Login is proceeding OK (*1).
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Target moved | 0101 | The requested iSCSI Target Name (ITN)
temporarily | | has temporarily moved
| | to the address provided.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Target moved | 0102 | The requested ITN has permanently moved
permanently | | to the address provided.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Initiator | 0200 | Miscellaneous iSCSI initiator
error | | errors.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Authentication| 0201 | The initiator could not be
failure | | successfully authenticated or target
| | authentication is not supported.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Authorization | 0202 | The initiator is not allowed access
failure | | to the given target.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Not found | 0203 | The requested ITN does not
| | exist at this address.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Target removed| 0204 | The requested ITN has been removed, and
| | no forwarding address is provided.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Unsupported | 0205 | The requested iSCSI version range is
version | | not supported by the target.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Too many | 0206 | Too many connections on this SSID.
connections | |
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Missing | 0207 | Missing parameters (e.g., iSCSI
parameter | | Initiator Name and/or Target Name).
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Can't include | 0208 | Target does not support session
in session | | spanning to this connection (address).
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Session type | 0209 | Target does not support this type of
not supported | | session or not from this initiator.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Session does | 020a | Attempt to add a connection
not exist | | to a non-existent session.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Invalid during| 020b | Invalid request type during login.
login | |
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Target error | 0300 | Target hardware or software error.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Service | 0301 | The iSCSI service or target is not
unavailable | | currently operational.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Out of | 0302 | The target has insufficient session,
resources | | connection, or other resources.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------IP Network---------------------
| | |
+----|---------------|-------+ +----|------------+
| +----------+ +----------+ | | +----------+ |
| | Network | | Network | | | | Network | |
| | Portal A | | Portal B | | | | Portal A | |
| +----------+ +----------+ | | +----------+ |
| | Target | | | | Initiator |
| | Portal | | | | Portal |
| | Group 1 | | | | Group 2 |
+----|---------------|-------+ +----|------------+
| | |
+----------|---------------|--------------------|--------------------+
| +--------|---------------|----+ +-------------|------------------+ |
| |+-------|---------------|---+| |+------------|-----------------+| |
| ||iSCSI Session (Target side)|| ||iSCSI Session (Initiator side)|| |
| || || || || |
| || (TSIH = 56) || || (SSID = 48) || |
| |+---------------------------+| |+------------------------------+| |
| | | | | |
| | iSCSI Target Node | | iSCSI Initiator Node | |
| +-----------------------------+ +--------------------------------+ |
| iSCSI Node |
| (within Network Entity, not shown) |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
+---------+ +---------+ +---------+ +---------+ +--- -----+
| Host | | Host | | Host | | Host | | Host |
| | | | | | | | | |
+---+-+---+ +---+-+---+ +---+-+---+ +---+-+---+ +---+-+---+
|HCA| |HCA| |HCA| |HCA| |HCA| |HCA| |HCA| |HCA| |HCA| |HCA|
+-v-+ +-v-+ +-v-+ +-v-+ +-v-+ +-v-+ +-v-+ +-v-+ +-v-+ +-v-+
|----+------|-----+-----|-----+-----|-----+-----|-----+---> To IB
IB| IB | IB | IB | IB | SubNet2 SWTCH
+-v-----------v-----------v-----------v-----------v---------+
| InfiniBand Switch for Subnet1 |
+---+-----+--------+-----+--------+-----+------------v------+
| TCA | | TCA | | TCA | |
+-----+ +-----+ +-----+ | IB
/ IB \ / IB \ / \ +--+--v--+--+
| iSER | | iSER | | IPoIB | | | TCA | |
| Gateway | | Gateway | | Gateway | | +-----+ |
| to | | to | | to | | Storage |
| iSCSI | | iSER | | IP | | Controller|
| TCP | | iWARP | |Ethernet | +-----+-----+
+---v-----| +---v-----| +----v----+
| EN | EN | EN
+--------------+---------------+----> to IP based storage
Ethernet links that carry iSCSI or iWARP
| | |
| | |
+--+--v--+----------+--v--+----------+--v--+--+
| | IB | |iWARP| | EN | |
| | | | TCP | | NIC | |
| |(TCA)| | RNIC| | | |
| +-----| +-----+ +-----+ |
| TPG-1 TPG-2 TPG-4 |
| 9.1.3.3 9.1.2.4 9.1.2.6 |
| |
| Storage Controller |
| |
+---------------------------------------------+
+-----+ +-----+ +-----+
| MR | | MAG | | LMA |
|(RR) | | (DR)| | |
+-----+ +-----+ +-----+
1) |-- MN Attach -----| |
| |--Proxy Binding Update----->|
| | |
| |<-------Proxy Binding Ack.--|
| | |
| |o==========================o|
2) | | PMIPv6 tunnel |
| |o==========================o|
3) |--Solicit for---->| |
| delegated prefix | |
4) | |--Proxy Binding Update----->|
| | |
5) | |<--Proxy Binding Ack.(DMNP)-|
| | |
- -<---+ |
6) |<------Advertise--| | |
| | | |
7) |--Request-------->| Optional |
| | | |
- -<---+ |
8) |<---Reply (DMNP)--| |
| | |
+-----+ +-----+ +-----+
| MR | | MAG | | LMA |
|(RR) | |(DRA)| |(DR) |
+-----+ +-----+ +-----+
1) |-- MN Attach -----| |
| |--------- PBU ----------->|
| | |
| |<-------- PBA ------------|
| | |
| |o========================o|
2) | | PMIPv6 tunnel |
| |o========================o|
3) |-- Solicit for -->| |
| delegated prefix | |
4) | |--- Solicit ------------->|
- - - <---+
5) | |<-- Advertise ------------| |
| | | |
6) |<- Advertise -----| | |
| | | Optional
7) |-- Request ------>| | |
| | | |
8) | |--- Request ------------->| |
- - - <---+
9) | |<-- Reply (DMNP) ---------|
| | |
10) | |----------PBU (DMNP)----->|
| | |
11) | |<---------PBA (DMNP)------|
| | |
12) |<-- Reply (DMNP) -| |
| | |
+-----+ +-----+ +-----+
| MR | | MAG | | LMA |
| | | | | |
+-----+ +-----+ +-----+
1) |-- MN Attach -----| |
2) | - (Policy Profile) |
| | |
3) | |--------- PBU (DMNP) ---->|
| | |
4) | |<-------- PBA (DMNP) -----|
| | |
| |o========================o|
5) | | PMIPv6 tunnel |
| |o========================o|
| | |
3 | |4,5| | | |
-------------- --------- | ----
| | | | | |
| ------------- |
| 1,3| | | | |
V | 2| | | V
+---+ ACCT +---+-- | ------>+---+
| |---------->| W | 4,5 --------->| F |
+---+ +---+--------------->+---+
+-----------+
| AVP Flag |
| Rules |
|-----+-----+
|MUST | MUST|
Attribute Name Section Defined | | NOT|
-----------------------------------------|-----+-----|
NAS-Port 4.2.2 | M | V |
NAS-Port-Id 4.2.3 | M | V |
NAS-Port-Type 4.2.4 | M | V |
Called-Station-Id 4.2.5 | M | V |
Calling-Station-Id 4.2.6 | M | V |
Connect-Info 4.2.7 | M | V |
Originating-Line-Info 4.2.8 | M | V |
Reply-Message 4.2.9 | M | V |
-----------------------------------------|-----+-----|
+----------+
| AVP Flag |
| Rules |
|----+-----|
|MUST| MUST|
Attribute Name Section Defined | | NOT|
-----------------------------------------|----+-----|
User-Password 4.3.1 | M | V |
Password-Retry 4.3.2 | M | V |
Prompt 4.3.3 | M | V |
CHAP-Auth 4.3.4 | M | V |
CHAP-Algorithm 4.3.5 | M | V |
CHAP-Ident 4.3.6 | M | V |
CHAP-Response 4.3.7 | M | V |
CHAP-Challenge 4.3.8 | M | V |
ARAP-Password 4.3.9 | M | V |
ARAP-Challenge-Response 4.3.10 | M | V |
ARAP-Security 4.3.11 | M | V |
ARAP-Security-Data 4.3.12 | M | V |
-----------------------------------------|----+-----|
+----------+
| AVP Flag |
| Rules |
|----+-----|
|MUST| MUST|
Attribute Name Section Defined | | NOT|
-----------------------------------------|----+-----|
Service-Type 4.4.1 | M | V |
Callback-Number 4.4.2 | M | V |
Callback-Id 4.4.3 | M | V |
Idle-Timeout 4.4.4 | M | V |
Port-Limit 4.4.5 | M | V |
NAS-Filter-Rule 4.4.6 | M | V |
Filter-Id 4.4.7 | M | V |
Configuration-Token 4.4.8 | M | V |
QoS-Filter-Rule 4.4.9 | | |
Framed-Protocol 4.4.10.1 | M | V |
Framed-Routing 4.4.10.2 | M | V |
Framed-MTU 4.4.10.3 | M | V |
Framed-Compression 4.4.10.4 | M | V |
Framed-IP-Address 4.4.10.5.1 | M | V |
Framed-IP-Netmask 4.4.10.5.2 | M | V |
Framed-Route 4.4.10.5.3 | M | V |
Framed-Pool 4.4.10.5.4 | M | V |
Framed-Interface-Id 4.4.10.5.5 | M | V |
Framed-IPv6-Prefix 4.4.10.5.6 | M | V |
Framed-IPv6-Route 4.4.10.5.7 | M | V |
Framed-IPv6-Pool 4.4.10.5.8 | M | V |
Framed-IPX-Network 4.4.10.6.1 | M | V |
Framed-Appletalk-Link 4.4.10.7.1 | M | V |
Framed-Appletalk-Network 4.4.10.7.2 | M | V |
Framed-Appletalk-Zone 4.4.10.7.3 | M | V |
ARAP-Features 4.4.10.8.1 | M | V |
ARAP-Zone-Access 4.4.10.8.2 | M | V |
Login-IP-Host 4.4.11.1 | M | V |
Login-IPv6-Host 4.4.11.2 | M | V |
Login-Service 4.4.11.3 | M | V |
Login-TCP-Port 4.4.11.4.1 | M | V |
Login-LAT-Service 4.4.11.5.1 | M | V |
Login-LAT-Node 4.4.11.5.2 | M | V |
Login-LAT-Group 4.4.11.5.3 | M | V |
Login-LAT-Port 4.4.11.5.4 | M | V |
-----------------------------------------|----+-----|
+----------+
| AVP Flag |
| Rules |
|----+-----|
|MUST| MUST|
Attribute Name Section Defined | | NOT |
-----------------------------------------|----+-----|
Tunneling 4.5.1 | M | V |
Tunnel-Type 4.5.2 | M | V |
Tunnel-Medium-Type 4.5.3 | M | V |
Tunnel-Client-Endpoint 4.5.4 | M | V |
Tunnel-Server-Endpoint 4.5.5 | M | V |
Tunnel-Password 4.5.6 | M | V |
Tunnel-Private-Group-Id 4.5.7 | M | V |
Tunnel-Assignment-Id 4.5.8 | M | V |
Tunnel-Preference 4.5.9 | M | V |
Tunnel-Client-Auth-Id 4.5.10 | M | V |
Tunnel-Server-Auth-Id 4.5.11 | M | V |
-----------------------------------------|----+-----|
+----------+
| AVP Flag |
| Rules |
|----+-----|
Section |MUST| MUST|
Attribute Name Defined | | NOT|
-----------------------------------------|----+-----|
Accounting-Input-Octets 4.6.1 | M | V |
Accounting-Output-Octets 4.6.2 | M | V |
Accounting-Input-Packets 4.6.3 | M | V |
Accounting-Output-Packets 4.6.4 | M | V |
Acct-Session-Time 4.6.5 | M | V |
Acct-Authentic 4.6.6 | M | V |
Accounting-Auth-Method 4.6.7 | M | V |
Acct-Delay-Time 4.6.8 | M | V |
Acct-Link-Count 4.6.9 | M | V |
Acct-Tunnel-Connection 4.6.10 | M | V |
Acct-Tunnel-Packets-Lost 4.6.11 | M | V |
-----------------------------------------|----+-----|
+-----------+
| Command |
|-----+-----+
Attribute Name | AAR | AAA |
------------------------------|-----+-----+
Acct-Interim-Interval | 0 | 0-1 |
ARAP-Challenge-Response | 0 | 0-1 |
ARAP-Features | 0 | 0-1 |
ARAP-Password | 0-1 | 0 |
ARAP-Security | 0-1 | 0-1 |
ARAP-Security-Data | 0+ | 0+ |
ARAP-Zone-Access | 0 | 0-1 |
Auth-Application-Id | 1 | 1 |
Auth-Grace-Period | 0-1 | 0-1 |
Auth-Request-Type | 1 | 1 |
Auth-Session-State | 0-1 | 0-1 |
Authorization-Lifetime | 0-1 | 0-1 |
------------------------------|-----+-----+
+-----------+
| Command |
|-----+-----+
Attribute Name | AAR | AAA |
------------------------------|-----+-----+
Callback-Id | 0 | 0-1 |
Callback-Number | 0-1 | 0-1 |
Called-Station-Id | 0-1 | 0 |
Calling-Station-Id | 0-1 | 0 |
CHAP-Auth | 0-1 | 0 |
CHAP-Challenge | 0-1 | 0 |
Class | 0 | 0+ |
Configuration-Token | 0 | 0+ |
Connect-Info | 0+ | 0 |
Destination-Host | 0-1 | 0 |
Destination-Realm | 1 | 0 |
Error-Message | 0 | 0-1 |
Error-Reporting-Host | 0 | 0-1 |
Failed-AVP | 0+ | 0+ |
Filter-Id | 0 | 0+ |
Framed-Appletalk-Link | 0 | 0-1 |
Framed-Appletalk-Network | 0 | 0+ |
Framed-Appletalk-Zone | 0 | 0-1 |
Framed-Compression | 0+ | 0+ |
Framed-Interface-Id | 0-1 | 0-1 |
Framed-IP-Address | 0-1 | 0-1 |
Framed-IP-Netmask | 0-1 | 0-1 |
Framed-IPv6-Prefix | 0+ | 0+ |
Framed-IPv6-Pool | 0 | 0-1 |
Framed-IPv6-Route | 0 | 0+ |
Framed-IPX-Network | 0 | 0-1 |
Framed-MTU | 0-1 | 0-1 |
Framed-Pool | 0 | 0-1 |
Framed-Protocol | 0-1 | 0-1 |
Framed-Route | 0 | 0+ |
Framed-Routing | 0 | 0-1 |
Idle-Timeout | 0 | 0-1 |
Login-IP-Host | 0+ | 0+ |
Login-IPv6-Host | 0+ | 0+ |
Login-LAT-Group | 0-1 | 0-1 |
Login-LAT-Node | 0-1 | 0-1 |
Login-LAT-Port | 0-1 | 0-1 |
Login-LAT-Service | 0-1 | 0-1 |
Login-Service | 0 | 0-1 |
Login-TCP-Port | 0 | 0-1 |
Multi-Round-Time-Out | 0 | 0-1 |
------------------------------|-----+-----+
+-----------+
| Command |
|-----+-----+
Attribute Name | AAR | AAA |
------------------------------|-----+-----+
NAS-Filter-Rule | 0 | 0+ |
NAS-Identifier | 0-1 | 0 |
NAS-IP-Address | 0-1 | 0 |
NAS-IPv6-Address | 0-1 | 0 |
NAS-Port | 0-1 | 0 |
NAS-Port-Id | 0-1 | 0 |
NAS-Port-Type | 0-1 | 0 |
Origin-AAA-Protocol | 0-1 | 0-1 |
Origin-Host | 1 | 1 |
Origin-Realm | 1 | 1 |
Origin-State-Id | 0-1 | 0-1 |
Originating-Line-Info | 0-1 | 0 |
Password-Retry | 0 | 0-1 |
Port-Limit | 0-1 | 0-1 |
Prompt | 0 | 0-1 |
Proxy-Info | 0+ | 0+ |
QoS-Filter-Rule | 0 | 0+ |
Re-Auth-Request-Type | 0 | 0-1 |
Redirect-Host | 0 | 0+ |
Redirect-Host-Usage | 0 | 0-1 |
Redirect-Max-Cache-Time | 0 | 0-1 |
Reply-Message | 0 | 0+ |
Result-Code | 0 | 1 |
Route-Record | 0+ | 0 |
Service-Type | 0-1 | 0-1 |
Session-Id | 1 | 1 |
Session-Timeout | 0 | 0-1 |
State | 0-1 | 0-1 |
Tunneling | 0+ | 0+ |
User-Name | 0-1 | 0-1 |
User-Password | 0-1 | 0 |
------------------------------|-----+-----+
+-----------+
| Command |
|-----+-----+
Attribute Name | ACR | ACA |
---------------------------------------|-----+-----+
Accounting-Auth-Method | 0-1 | 0 |
Accounting-Input-Octets | 1 | 0 |
Accounting-Input-Packets | 1 | 0 |
Accounting-Output-Octets | 1 | 0 |
Accounting-Output-Packets | 1 | 0 |
Accounting-Record-Number | 0-1 | 0-1 |
Accounting-Record-Type | 1 | 1 |
Accounting-Realtime-Required | 0-1 | 0-1 |
Accounting-Sub-Session-Id | 0-1 | 0-1 |
Acct-Application-Id | 0-1 | 0-1 |
Acct-Session-Id | 1 | 0-1 |
Acct-Multi-Session-Id | 0-1 | 0-1 |
Acct-Authentic | 1 | 0 |
Acct-Delay-Time | 0-1 | 0 |
Acct-Interim-Interval | 0-1 | 0-1 |
Acct-Link-Count | 0-1 | 0 |
Acct-Session-Time | 1 | 0 |
Acct-Tunnel-Connection | 0-1 | 0 |
Acct-Tunnel-Packets-Lost | 0-1 | 0 |
Authorization-Lifetime | 0-1 | 0 |
Callback-Id | 0-1 | 0 |
Callback-Number | 0-1 | 0 |
Called-Station-Id | 0-1 | 0 |
Calling-Station-Id | 0-1 | 0 |
Class | 0+ | 0+ |
Connection-Info | 0+ | 0 |
Destination-Host | 0-1 | 0 |
Destination-Realm | 1 | 0 |
Event-Timestamp | 0-1 | 0-1 |
Error-Message | 0 | 0-1 |
Error-Reporting-Host | 0 | 0-1 |
Failed-AVP | 0 | 0+ |
---------------------------------------|-----+-----+
+-----------+
| Command |
|-----+-----+
Attribute Name | ACR | ACA |
---------------------------------------|-----+-----+
Framed-Appletalk-Link | 0-1 | 0 |
Framed-Appletalk-Network | 0-1 | 0 |
Framed-Appletalk-Zone | 0-1 | 0 |
Framed-Compression | 0-1 | 0 |
Framed-IP-Address | 0-1 | 0 |
Framed-IP-Netmask | 0-1 | 0 |
Framed-IPv6-Prefix | 0+ | 0 |
Framed-IPv6-Pool | 0-1 | 0 |
Framed-IPX-Network | 0-1 | 0 |
Framed-MTU | 0-1 | 0 |
Framed-Pool | 0-1 | 0 |
Framed-Protocol | 0-1 | 0 |
Framed-Route | 0-1 | 0 |
Framed-Routing | 0-1 | 0 |
NAS-Filter-Rule | 0+ | 0 |
NAS-Identifier | 0-1 | 0-1 |
NAS-IP-Address | 0-1 | 0-1 |
NAS-IPv6-Address | 0-1 | 0-1 |
NAS-Port | 0-1 | 0-1 |
NAS-Port-Id | 0-1 | 0-1 |
NAS-Port-Type | 0-1 | 0-1 |
Origin-AAA-Protocol | 0-1 | 0-1 |
Origin-Host | 1 | 1 |
Origin-Realm | 1 | 1 |
Origin-State-Id | 0-1 | 0-1 |
Originating-Line-Info | 0-1 | 0 |
Proxy-Info | 0+ | 0+ |
QoS-Filter-Rule | 0+ | 0 |
Route-Record | 0+ | 0 |
Result-Code | 0 | 1 |
Service-Type | 0-1 | 0-1 |
Session-Id | 1 | 1 |
Termination-Cause | 0-1 | 0-1 |
Tunnel-Assignment-Id | 0-1 | 0 |
Tunnel-Client-Endpoint | 0-1 | 0 |
Tunnel-Medium-Type | 0-1 | 0 |
Tunnel-Private-Group-Id | 0-1 | 0 |
Tunnel-Server-Endpoint | 0-1 | 0 |
Tunnel-Type | 0-1 | 0 |
User-Name | 0-1 | 0-1 |
---------------------------------------|-----+-----+
+-----------+
| Command |
|-----+-----+
Attribute Name | ACR | ACA |
---------------------------------------|-----+-----+
Accounting-Auth-Method | 0-1 | 0 |
Accounting-Input-Octets | 1 | 0 |
Accounting-Output-Octets | 1 | 0 |
Accounting-Record-Type | 1 | 1 |
Accounting-Record-Number | 0-1 | 0-1 |
Accounting-Realtime-Required | 0-1 | 0-1 |
Accounting-Sub-Session-Id | 0-1 | 0-1 |
Acct-Application-Id | 0-1 | 0-1 |
Acct-Session-Id | 1 | 0-1 |
Acct-Multi-Session-Id | 0-1 | 0-1 |
Acct-Authentic | 1 | 0 |
Acct-Delay-Time | 0-1 | 0 |
Acct-Interim-Interval | 0-1 | 0-1 |
Acct-Link-Count | 0-1 | 0 |
Acct-Session-Time | 1 | 0 |
Authorization-Lifetime | 0-1 | 0 |
Callback-Id | 0-1 | 0 |
Callback-Number | 0-1 | 0 |
Called-Station-Id | 0-1 | 0 |
Calling-Station-Id | 0-1 | 0 |
Class | 0+ | 0+ |
Connection-Info | 0+ | 0 |
Destination-Host | 0-1 | 0 |
Destination-Realm | 1 | 0 |
Event-Timestamp | 0-1 | 0-1 |
Error-Message | 0 | 0-1 |
Error-Reporting-Host | 0 | 0-1 |
Failed-AVP | 0 | 0+ |
Login-IP-Host | 0+ | 0 |
Login-IPv6-Host | 0+ | 0 |
Login-LAT-Service | 0-1 | 0 |
Login-LAT-Node | 0-1 | 0 |
Login-LAT-Group | 0-1 | 0 |
Login-LAT-Port | 0-1 | 0 |
Login-Service | 0-1 | 0 |
Login-TCP-Port | 0-1 | 0 |
---------------------------------------|-----+-----+
+-----------+
| Command |
|-----+-----+
Attribute Name | ACR | ACA |
---------------------------------------|-----+-----+
NAS-Identifier | 0-1 | 0-1 |
NAS-IP-Address | 0-1 | 0-1 |
NAS-IPv6-Address | 0-1 | 0-1 |
NAS-Port | 0-1 | 0-1 |
NAS-Port-Id | 0-1 | 0-1 |
NAS-Port-Type | 0-1 | 0-1 |
Origin-AAA-Protocol | 0-1 | 0-1 |
Origin-Host | 1 | 1 |
Origin-Realm | 1 | 1 |
Origin-State-Id | 0-1 | 0-1 |
Originating-Line-Info | 0-1 | 0 |
Proxy-Info | 0+ | 0+ |
QoS-Filter-Rule | 0+ | 0 |
Route-Record | 0+ | 0 |
Result-Code | 0 | 1 |
Session-Id | 1 | 1 |
Service-Type | 0-1 | 0-1 |
Termination-Cause | 0-1 | 0-1 |
User-Name | 0-1 | 0-1 |
---------------------------------------|-----+-----+
+---------+
+---------------------->| AAA & |
| +------>| Policy |
| | | Profile |
| Diameter +---------+
| |
| +--V-+ +----+
| +------->|LMA1| |LMA2|
| | +---++ +----+
| | | | |
Diameter | | +-------+---------
| | | | |
| PMIP | | \\
| | // // \\
| | // // \\
| | // // \\
| | | | |
| +---->+---------------+ +----+
| | MAG1 | |MAG3|
+-------->+---------------+ +----+
: : : :
+---+ +---+ +---+ +---+
|MN1| |CN1| |CN2| |CN3|
+---+ +---+ +---+ +---+
+---+ +---+ +----+ +----+ +---+ +----+
|MN2| |MN1| |MAG1| |LMA1| |AAA| |LMA2|
+-|-+ +-+-+ +-+--+ +-+--+ +-+-+ +-+--+
| | Anchored | | |
o-----------------------------------------------o
| | Anchored | | |
| o------------------o | |
| Data[MN1->MN2] | | |
| |------->| | | |
| | | AA-Request(MFV, MN1,MN2) |
| | |--------------------> | |
| | | AA-Answer(MFV) | |
| | |<-------------------- | |
| | | LRI | | |
| | |-------->| | |
| | | | LRI | |
| | |----------------------------->|
| | | LRA | | |
| | |<--------| | |
| | | | LRA | |
| | |<-----------------------------|
+---+ +----+ +----+ +---+ +----+ +---+
|MN1| |MAG1| |LMA1| |AAA| |MAG2| |MN2|
+-+-+ +-+--+ +-+--+ +-+-+ +-+--+ +-+-+
| | | Anchored | |
| Anchored o-------------------+--------o
o--------+-------o Data[MN2->MN1] | |
| | |<----- | | |
| | |AA-Request(MFV,MN1,MN2) |
| | |--------->| | |
| | |AA-Answer(MFV) | |
| | LRI |<---------| | |
| |<------| LRI | |
| | LRA |------------------>| |
| |------>| LRA | |
| | |<------------------| |
+---+ +---+ +----+ +----+ +---+
|MN2| |MN1| |MAG1| |LMA1| |AAA|
+-+-+ +-+-+ +-+--+ +-+--+ +-|-+
| | Anchored | |
o-----------------------o |
| | Anchored | |
| o--------+-------o Data[MN2->MN1]
| | | |<----- |
| | | |AA-Request(MFV,MN1,MN2)
| | | |--------->|
| | | |AA-Answer(MFV)
| | | LRI |<---------|
| | |<------| |
| | | LRA | |
| | |------>| |
+------+ +------+ ___________
| | | | / \
| |-----| rtr1 |=====/ network \
| | | | \ 1 /
| | +------+ \___________/
| |
| host |
| |
| | +------+ ___________
| | | | / \
| |=====| rtr2 |=====/ network \
| | | | \ 2 /
+------+ +------+ \___________/
__________
/ \
+---/ Internet \
gateway router | \ /
+------+ +---------------------+ | \__________/
| | | | | WAN1 +--+
| host |-----|LAN| Router |--------|
| | | | |NAT|WAN2+--+
+------+ +---------------------+ | __________
| / \
+---/ ASP \
\ /
\__________/
+------+
| pMAG | |
+------+ |
/ |
/ |
/ |
/ |
-*-*-*-*- / (MN)
( ) / |
( ) +-----+ +------+ |
( Internet )--| LMA |------| nMAG | v
( ) +-----+ +------+
( )
-*-*-*-*- Registration
<--------------
+-----+ +----+ +-----+ +----+
| MN | |pMAG| | LMA | |nMAG|
+-----+ +----+ +-----+ +----+
| | | |
| |==Bi-Dir Tunnel=| |
| Multicast Data | | |
|<---------------| | |
| | | |
1) MN Detached | | |
| MN Detached Event | |
| | | |
| |Ext'd DeReg PBU | |
2) | |--------------->| |
| | | |
3) | | Accept PBU |
| |(Multicast Subscription info stored)
| | | |
| | PBA | |
4) | |<---------------| |
| | | |
5) MN Attached | | |
| | | MN Attached Event
| | | |
| | | PBU |
6) | | |<---------------|
| | | |
| | | Ext'd PBA |
7) | | |--------------->|
| | | |
8) | | | Accept PBA,
| | | Multicast Group join
| | | and P-t-P status setup
| | | |
| | |==Bi-Dir Tunnel=|
| | | |
| | | Multicast Data |
|<-------------------------------------------------|
| | | |
| | | |
+-----+ +----+ +-----+ +----+
| MN | |pMAG| | LMA | |nMAG|
+-----+ +----+ +-----+ +----+
| | | |
| | | MN Attached Event
| | | |
| | | PBU |
1) | | |<---------------|
| | | |
| | Subscr Query | |
2) | |<---------------| |
| | | |
| | Subscr Resp | |
3) | |--------------->| |
| | | |
| | (Multicast Subscription |
| | info forwarding) |
| | | |
| | | Ext'd PBA |
4) | | |--------------->|
| | | |
5) | | | Accept PBA,
| | | Multicast Group join
| | | and P-t-P status setup
| | | |
| | |==Bi-Dir Tunnel=|
| | | |
| | | (S,G) Data |
|<-------------------------------------------------|
| | | |
| | | |
+-----+ +----+ +-----+ +----+
| MN | |pMAG| | LMA | |nMAG|
+-----+ +----+ +-----+ +----+
1) | |==Bi-Dir Tunnel=| |
| unicast data | | |
|<-v-v-v-v-v-v-v-| | |
| | | |
| Multicast Data | | |
|<---------------| | |
| | | MN Attached Event
| | | PBU |
2) | | |<---------------|
| | Subscr Query | |
3) | |<---------------| |
| | | |
4) | | <PBA timer starts> |
| | /// |
| | /// |
5) | | <PBA timer expires> |
| | | |
| | | Ext'd PBA |
| | |--------------->|
| | | |
| | | Accept PBA
| | | |
| | |==Bi-Dir Tunnel=|
| | | |
| | | Unicast Data |
|<-v-v-v-v-v-v-v-v-v-v-v-v-v-v-v-v-v-v-v-v-v-v-v-v-|
| | | |
| | | Subscr Query |
6) | | |<---------------|
| | Subscr Resp | |
7) | |--------------->| |
| | | |
| | (Multicast Subscription |
| | info forwarding) |
| | | |
| | | Subscr Resp |
8) | | |--------------->|
| | | |
| | | Multicast Group join
| | | and P-t-P status setup
| | Multicast Data | |
|<-------------------------------------------------|
| | | |
+-------+ +----------+ +----------+ +-----+
| Alice |-->| Server A |-->| Server B |-->| Bob |
+-------+ +----------+ +----------+ +-----+
+-------+ +----------+ +----------+ +-----+
| Alice |<->| Server A |<->| Server B |<->| Bob |
+-------+ +----------+ +----------+ +-----+
| | | |
|------------Encrypted message---------->|
| | | |
|<---------------Public key--------------|
| | | |
|---------------Wrapped SMK------------->|
| | | |
+----------+ +----------+ +----------+ +----------+
| | | | | | | Inner |
| Peer |<---->| Authen- |<---->| TEAP |<---->| Method |
| | | ticator | | server | | server |
| | | | | | | |
+----------+ +----------+ +----------+ +----------+
+---------------------------------------------------------------+
| Inner EAP Method | Other TLV information |
|---------------------------------------------------------------|
| TLV Encapsulation (TLVs) |
|---------------------------------------------------------------|
| TLS | Optional Outer TLVs |
|---------------------------------------------------------------|
| TEAP |
|---------------------------------------------------------------|
| EAP |
|---------------------------------------------------------------|
| Carrier Protocol (EAP over LAN, RADIUS, Diameter, etc.) |
+---------------------------------------------------------------+
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
+--+--+--+---+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
|priority|DEI| label information |
+--+--+--+---+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
*VL01--*VL02
| |
*VL03--*VL04 *VL05
| | |
FGL01--FGL02--FGL03--FGL04--FGL05
| | | | |
FGL06--FGL07--FGL08--FGL09--FGL10
| | | | |
FGL11--FGL12--*VL06--*VL07---FGL13
| | | |
*VL08--*VL09--*VL10---FGL14
| | | |
*VL11--*VL12--*VL13--*VL14
LAN LAN
+---+ +---+ ====== +---+ ============= +---+
+--+ | | | | | +--+ | | | | +--+ +--+ | | | +--+
|B1|---|RB1|---|RB2|---|B2|---|RB3|---|B3|---|B4|---|RB4|---|B5|
+--+ | | | | | +--+ | | | | +--+ +--+ | | | +--+
+---+ +---+ ====== +---+ ============= +---+
+-------------------+ +---------------+ +-------------------+
| | | TRILL | | |
| Site 1 +----+Interconnect +----+ Site 2 |
| TRILL | RB | Network | RB | TRILL |
| (Level 1) +----+ (Level 2) +----+ (Level 1) |
| | | | | |
+-------------------+ +---------------+ +-------------------+
<------------------------End-to-End Domain-------------------->
<----Site Domain----> <--Interconnect --> <----Site Domain---->
Domain
TRILL Site 1 Interconnect TRILL Site 2
+-----------------+ +------------------+ +-----------------+
| | | | | |
| +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ |
| |RB1|--|RB2|--|RB3|--|RB4|--|RB5|--|RB6|--|RB7|--|RB8| |
| +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ |
| | | | | |
+-----------------+ +------------------+ +-----------------+
0 1 2 3 4 - 15 16 - 19 20 - 31
+----+----+----+----+------------+----------+------------+
| M4 | M6 | R | R | VLAN.start | RESV | VLAN.end |
+----+----+----+----+------------+----------+------------+
| 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7| 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15|
+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
| Bit Vector Length | Bit Vector Offset |
+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
| bits
+--+--+--...
| Event | Down | Detect | 2-Way | Report |
+-------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
| A1 | 2-Way | 2-Way | 2-Way | Report |
| A2 | Detect | Detect | 2-Way | Report |
| A3 | Detect | Detect | Detect | Detect |
| A4 | N/A | Down | Down | Down |
| A5 | N/A | Detect | Detect | Detect |
| A6 | N/A | N/A | Report | Report |
| A7 | N/A | N/A | 2-Way | 2-Way |
| A8 | Down | Down | Down | Down |
+---------------+
| Down |<--------+
+---------------+ |
| | ^ | |
A2,A3| |A8| |A1 |
| +--+ | |
| +-----------|---+
V | |
+----------------+ A4,A8 | |
+----->| Detect |------->| |
| +----------------+ | |
| | | ^ | |
| A1| |A2,A3,A5 | | |
| | +---------+ | |
| | | |
| | +------------|---+
| | | |
| V V |
|A3,A5 +----------------+ A4,A8 |
|<-----| 2-Way |------->|
| +----------------+ |
| | ^ | ^ |
| A6| | |A1,A2,A7| |
| | | +--------+ |
| | | |
| | |A7 |
| V | |
|A3,A5 +-------------+ A4,A8 |
|<-----| Report |---------->|
+-------------+
| ^
|A1,A2,A6 |
+---------+
| Event | Down | Suspended | DRB | Not DRB |
+-------+--------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| D1 | DRB | DRB | N/A | N/A |
| D2 | N/A | N/A | Not DRB | Not DRB |
| D3 | N/A | N/A | DRB | DRB |
| D4 | N/A | Suspended | Suspended | Suspended |
| D5 | Down | Down | Down | Down |
+-------------+
| Down |<--------------+
+-+---+-------+ ^ |
| | ^ | |
D1| |D5 | | |
| +---+ |D5 |
| | |
| +--------+----+ |
| | Suspended |<---|---+
| +-+-----+-----+ | |
| D1| ^ | ^ | |
| | | |D4 | | |
| | | +---+ | |
| | | | |
| | |D4 | |
V V | | |
+---------------+-+ D5 | |
| DRB |---------->| |
+--------+--+-----+ | |
^ | | ^ | |
| D2| |D3| | |
| | +--+ | |
| | D4 | |
|D3 | +-----------------|---+
| V | |
+----+-------+-+ D5 |
| Not DRB |-------------->|
+----+---------+
| ^
|D2 |
+----+
| 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11|
+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
|SL|MH|NA| Reserved |
+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
.---. .---. .---. .---. .---.
| A |----| B |----| C |----| D |----| X |
'---' '---' '---' '---' '---'
MPRs(X) MPRs()
.---. .---. .---. .---.
| A | | A | | A | | A |
'---' '---' '---' '---'
| | | |
| SYM(B) | | LOST(B) |
| | | |
.---. .---. .---. .---.
| X | | X | | X | | X |
'---' '---' '---' '---'
. .
. .
. .
..... .....
. B . . B .
..... .....
.---. .---. .---.
| E |----| D |----| C |
'---' '---' '---'
| | .
| | .
.---. .---. .---.
| B |----| A |----| X |
'---' '---' '---'
spoofs B
.---.
| D |
'---'
|
|
.---. .---. .---. .---. .---.
| X |----| A |----| B |----| C |----| E |...
'---' '---' '---' '---' '---'
spoofs E
,---. .....
| S | . C .
'---' .....
| .
| .
.---. .---. .---. .---. .---.
| D |----| C |----| B |----| A |----| X |
'---' '---' '---' '---' '---'
.
.
.....
. W .
.....
.---.
| B |
'---'
|
|
.---. .---. .....
| A |----| X | . . . Y .
'---' '---' .....
spoofs B
.---. .---. .---. .---. .---.
| A |----| B |----| C |----| D |----| E |
'---' '---' '---' '---' '---'
|
|
.---.
| X |
'---'
spoofs E
RFC | CMS Protecting Content Type and Algorithms
----------+-------------------------------------------
[RFC3370] | signedData, envelopedData,
[RFC5652] | digestedData, encryptedData, and
[RFC5753] | authData
[RFC5754] |
----------+-------------------------------------------
[RFC5958] | aKeyPackage
[RFC5959] |
[RFC6162] |
----------+-------------------------------------------
[RFC6031] | sKeyPackage
[RFC6160] |
----------+-------------------------------------------
[RFC6032] | encryptedKeyPkg
[RFC6033] |
[RFC6161] |
----------+-------------------------------------------
[RFC5914] | trustAnchorList
----------+-------------------------------------------
[RFC3274] | compressedData
----------+-------------------------------------------
[RFC5083] | authEnvelopedData
[RFC5084] |
----------+-------------------------------------------
[RFC4073] | contentCollection and
| contentWithAttrs
----------+-------------------------------------------
[RFC4108] | firmwarePackage,
| firmwareLoadReceipt, and
| firmwareLoadError
----------+-------------------------------------------
[RFC5934] | TAMP-statusQuery, TAMP-statusResponse,
| TAMP-update, TAMP-updateConfirm,
| TAMP-apexUpdate,
| TAMP-apexUpdateConfirm,
| TAMP-communityUpdate,
| TAMP-communityUpdateConfirm,
| TAMP-seqNumAdjust,
| TAMP-seqNumAdjustConfirm, and
| TAMP-error
----------+-------------------------------------------
[RFC7191] |keyPackageReceipt and keyPackageError
----------+-------------------------------------------
Endpoint A Endpoint B
| (1) SDP offer (PSTN audio) |
|----------------------------------->|
| |
| (2) SDP answer (PSTN audio) |
|<-----------------------------------|
| |
| PSTN call setup |
|<-----------------------------------|
| |
| |
|<===== media over PSTN bearer =====>|
| |
Endpoint A Endpoint B
| |
| (1) SDP offer (PSTN audio) |
|--------------------------------->|
| |
| (2) SDP answer (PSTN audio) |
|<---------------------------------|
| |
| PSTN call setup |
|<---------------------------------|
| |
|<==== media over PSTN bearer ====>|
| |
Endpoint A Endpoint B
| |
| (1) SDP offer (PSTN audio and video) |
|------------------------------------------->|
| |
| (2) SDP answer (PSTN audio) |
|<-------------------------------------------|
| |
| PSTN call setup |
|<-------------------------------------------|
| |
|<======== media over PSTN bearer ==========>|
| |
+---------+---------+ Location +-----------+
| | | Dereference | Location |
| LIS/LS +---------------+ Recipient |
| | | Protocol | |
+----+----+----+----+ (3) +-----+-----+
| | |
| | |
Policy| |Location |Location
Exchange| |Configuration |Conveyance
(4)| |Protocol |Protocol
| |(1) |(2)
| | |
+------+----+----+----+ |
| Rule | Target/ | |
| Maker | Host +---------------------+
| | |
+-----------+---------+
atlanta biloxi
| F1 SUBSCRIBE |
|------------------>|
| F2 200 OK |
|<------------------|
| F3 NOTIFY |
|<------------------|
| F4 200 OK |
|------------------>|
+-----+ +-----+ +-----+
| MS1 | | MS2 | .... | MSm |
+-----+ +-----+ +-----+
^ ^ ^
| | |
V V V
+---------------------------------+
| Distribution Source |
+--------+ |
| FT Agg | |
+--------+------------------------+
^ ^ |
: . |
: +...................+
: | .
: / \ .
+------+ / \ +-----+
| FT1 |<----+ +----->| FT2 |
+------+ / \ +-----+
^ ^ / \ ^ ^
: : / \ : :
: : / \ : :
: : / \ : :
: ./\ /\. :
: /. \ / .\ :
: V . V V . V :
+----+ +----+ +----+ +----+
| R1 | | R2 | ... |Rn-1| | Rn |
+----+ +----+ +----+ +----+
SIP message(s) -------[]---[]-------> SIP message(s)
SIP message(s) <-----[]---[]------- SIP message(s)
A Controller B
|(1) INVITE no SDP | |
|<------------------| |
|(2) 200 offer1 | |
|------------------>| |
| |(3) INVITE offer1 |
| |------------------>|
| |(4) 200 OK answer1 |
| |<------------------|
| |(5) ACK |
| |------------------>|
|(6) ACK answer1 | |
|<------------------| |
|(7) RTP | |
|.......................................|
ISP1 ISP2
| |
| |
+----+ +----+
+--|xTR1|--|xTR2|--+
| +----+ +----+ |
| |
| LISP site |
+------------------+
+----------+ +------------------+
| ISP1 | | ISP2 |
| | | |
| +----+ | | +----+ +----+ |
+--|xTR1|--+ +--|xTR2|--|xTR3|--+
+----+ +----+ +----+
| | |
| | |
+--<[LISP site]>---+-------+
_.--. _.--.
,-'' `--. +-------+ ,-'' `--.
' EID ` (Private) | NAT | (Public) ,' RLOC `.
( )---[ITR]---| |---------( )
. space ,' (Address) | Box |(Address) . space ,'
`--. _.-' +-------+ `--. _.-'
`--'' `--''
_.--. _.--.
,-'' `--. +-------+ ,-'' `--.
' EID ` (Private) | NAT | (Public) ,' RLOC `.
( )---[ETR]---| |---------( )
. space ,' (Address) | Box |(Address) . space ,'
`--. _.-' +-------+ `--. _.-'
`--'' `--''
+---------------------------------------+
| |
| +-------+ +-------+ +-------+
| | ITR_1 |---------+ | ETR_1 |-RLOC_A--| ISP_A |
| +-------+ | +-------+ +-------+
| +-+ | | |
| |S| | IGP | |
| +-+ | | |
| +-------+ | +-------+ +-------+
| | ITR_2 |---------+ | ETR_2 |-RLOC_B--| ISP_B |
| +-------+ +-------+ +-------+
| |
+---------------------------------------+
_.--.
Stub1 ... +-------+ ,-'' `--. +-------+ ... Stub2
\ | R_A1|----,' `. ---|R_B1 | /
--| | ( Transit ) | |--
... .../ | R_A2|-----. ,' ---|R_B2 | \... ...
+-------+ `--. _.-' +-------+
... ... ISP_A `--'' ISP_B ... ...
MSP (AS64500)
RS ---> PITR
| /
| _.--./
,-'' /`--.
LISP site ---,' | v `.
( | DFZ )----- Mapping system
non-LISP site ----. | ^ ,'
`--. / _.-'
| `--''
v /
PITR
PSP (AS64501)
________
(/ \)
(( Internet ))
(\________/)
|
|
.- - -|- - - - - - - - - - - -.
( | )
( +--------+ +-------+ )
Access ( | Access |. . . .| LIS | )
Network ( | Node | | | )
(ISP) ( +--------+ +-------+ )
( \ \ )
`- - - -\- - - - - - - -\- - -'
\ \
\ |
.- - - - -\- - - - - - - + -.
( \ | )
( +-------------+ : )
( | Residential | | )
Residential ( | Gateway | : )
Network ( +-------------+ | )
( / \ / )
( / \ / )
( +--------+ +--------+ )
( | Device | | Device | )
( +--------+ +--------+ )
( )
`- - - - - - - - - - - - - -'
_____ ________
( DNS ).....(/ \) Public
(__A__) (( Internet )) Address
(\________/) Space
|
[NAT]
_____ _____|_____
( DNS )....(/ \) Private
(__B__) (( ISP Network )) Address Space
(\___________/) (e.g., 10.0.0.0/8)
|
[Gateway]
____|____
(/ \) Private
(( Residence )) Address Space
(\_________/) (e.g., 192.168.0.0/16)
Host1
+----------------+
| +---+ +---+ |
| |VM1| |VM2| |
| +---+ +---+ |
| | | |
| +-1-----2--+ |
| | VS1 | |
| +--3-------+ |
| | |
+----|-----------+
|
|
+--1-----2--+
| SEND- |
| SAVI1 |
+--3---4----+
| |
+-------------+
| |
| TESTING_VP' |
| |
+-------------+
Timeout/VP=VP' | ^
| |
VP_NUD_NADV/- | | VP'_DAD_NSOL/
| | VP_NUD_NSOL
| |
v |
VP_DAD_NSOL/- +--------+
+------------- | |
| | VALID |< -------------------+
| +-------- >| | |
| | +--------+ |
| | ^ | |
| | VP_NUD_ | | Timeout, |
| | NADV/- | | TP_DAD_NSOL/VP_NUD_NSOL|
| | | v |
| | +------------+ |
| | | | |
| | | TESTING_VP | |
| | | | |
| | +------------+ |
| | | |
| | | Timeout/- |
| | VP*, | |
| | Timeout/- | VP_NUD_NADV/- |
v | | |
+---------------+ | +---------------+
| | | | |
| TENTATIVE_DAD | | | TENTATIVE_NUD |
| | | | |
+---------------+ | +---------------+
^ | | | ^
| | | Timeout/- | |
| | TP_DAD_NSOL, | | |
| | TP_DAD_NADV/- | | |
| | v | |
| | +---------+ | |
| +--------- >| |< -----+ |
| | NO_BIND | |
+--------------| |-----------------+
VP_DAD_NSOL/- +---------+ VP*/VP_NUD_NSOL
In this section, we include two cases that illustrate the behavior of
SEND SAVI, the change of the attachment port of a host, and the
attack of a malicious host. We use the topology depicted in
Figure 4.
+---+
| H |
+---+
|
|
+-1-----2-+ +-1-----2-+
| | | |
| SAVI1 | | SAVI2 |
| | | |
+-3-----4-+ +-3-----4-+
| |
-------------------
+=======+
| MN-1 |
+=======+
| | | Flow-6
Flow-1<--(GBR: 64 Kbps) |
| Flow-4 |
Flow-2 | | |
| | Flow-1 | |
| Flow-3 | | |
|_|_| DSCP-X | | |
( )<--(Per-Session-AMBR: 1 Mbps) : | | |
| | | DSCP-Z : | | |
| | : : | | |
| | | +=====+ +==:=v+ | | |
| '- -- - - - --| | | : o|--' | |
| '- - --- - - -| | __ | v o|----' |
'- - - - - - - -| | _--' '--_ | o--|------'
| | ( ) | |
| MAG |=====( IP Network )=====| LMA |
| | ( ) | |
,- - - - - - - - -| | '--__--' | o|-- - -,
,- - -- - -- - -| | | o|--- , |
| | ,- - - - -- -| | | o|--, | |
| | +=====+ +====^+ | | |
|_|_| : | | |
( _ _ )<--(Per-Session-AMBR: 2 Mbps) : | | |
| | | DSCP-Y | | |
| | | | |
| | | | | |
| Flow-6 Flow-2 | |
| | | |
Flow-5 (MBR: 100 Kbps) Flow-3 |
| |
Flow-4 (GBR: 64 Kbps) Flow-5
| | |
+=======+
| MN-2 |
+=======+
+-----+ +-----+ +-----+
| MN | | MAG | | LMA |
+-----+ +-----+ +-----+
| | |
1) |---- MN Attach ----| |
2) | |------ PBU ------->|
3) | |<----- PBA --------|
| | |
4) | |o=================o|
| | PMIPv6 Tunnel |
| | |
| (LMA initiates QoS Service Request) |
5) | |<----- UPN (QoS)---|
| | |
| (MAG proposes a revised QoS Request) |
6) | |------ UPA (QoS')->|
| | |
7) | |<----- UPN (QoS')--|
8) | |------ UPA (QoS')->|
| QoS Rules ---| |
9) | Established <-| | QoS Rules ---|
10) | ---| Established <-| |
| | ---|
11) |<----------------->| |
+-----+ +-----+ +-----+
| MN | | MAG | | LMA |
+-----+ +-----+ +-----+
| | |
1) |---- MN Attach ----| |
2) | |------ PBU ------->|
3) | |<----- PBA --------|
| | |
4) | |o=================o|
| | PMIPv6 Tunnel |
| | |
| (MAG initiates QoS Service Request) |
5) | |------ PBU (QoS)-->|
6) | |<----- PBA (QoS)---|
| QoS Rules ---| |
7) | Established <-| | QoS Rules ---|
8) | ---| Established <-| |
| | ---|
9) |<----------------->| |
+--+ +--+ +---+ +---+
|MN| |AP| |MAG| |LMA|
+--+ +--+ +---+ +---+
|| | | To |data
|+--detach | | cellular<-==data[DSCP]==-|<----
+----attach-----+ | access [QoS rules]
| |-INFO[MNattach]->| |
| | |-------PBU[handover]------>|
| | | |
| | |<--PBA[QoS option(OC=1 )]--|
| |<-INFO[QoSrules]-| |
| | | |
| Apply Establish Update
| mapped MN's uplink MN's downlink
| QoS rules DSCP rules DSCP rules
| | +===========================+
| | | |
| |(B) |(A) |data
|<--data[QC]----|<---data[DSCP]---|<-======data[DSCP]========-|<----
| | | |
| | | |data
|---data[QC]--->|-->data[DSCP]--->|-=======data[DSCP]=======->|--->
| |(C) |(D) |
| | | |
|
|
| +--------+
| |Policy |
| |Control |
| |Function|
| +---+----+
| |
| +---+----+
+----+ +-------+ PMIPv6 | | PGW |
+--+ |WiFi|_______| WLC |========|=| (LMA) |
|MN|~~| AP | | (MAG) | tunnel | +--------+
+--+ +----+ +-------+ |
|
Wi-Fi Access |
Network | Cellular
| Network
|
+--+ +--+ +---+ +---+
|MN| |AP|-------------|MAG|-----------------------|LMA|
+--+ +--+ +---+ +---+
| | | |
| | | |
+----attached---+ | [QoS rules]
| | | |
new session |(E) |(F) |data
|----data[QC]-->|---data[DSCPa]-->|-======data[DSCPb]=======->|--->
| | |--PBU[update,QoS option]-->|
| | | (ReReg) (OC=1) Validate and
| | | add QoS rule
| | |<----PBA[QoS option]----|
| |<-INFO[QoSrules]-| (OC=1, SR-ID)[QoS rules']
| | | |
| Apply Establish |
| adapted MN's uplink |
| QoS rules DSCP rules |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |data
|<--data[QC]----|<---data[DSCP]---|<-======data[DSCP]========-|<----
| | | |
| | | |data
|---data[QC]--->|-->data[DSCP]--->|-=======data[DSCP]=======->|--->
| | | |
| | | |
+=============+ +-----+
DSCP/802.1p | PDP |
mapping table +-----+
+=============+ PEP |
`._ +---+---+ |
`._ |WiFi AR| PMIPv6 +-----+
- + (MAG) +===============| LMA |
| WLC | tunnel +-----+
+-------+ PEP
|
==Video== 802.1p/DSCP
==Voice== |
== B.E.== +----+
+----+ |WLAN| PEP
| MN |----802.11e----| AP |
+----+ +----+
+--+ +--+ +---+ +---+
|MN| |AP| |MAG| |LMA|
+--+ + -+ +---+ +---+
(A)|----attach-----|---------------->|-----------PBU---------->|
|<--------------|---------------- |<----PBA[QoS option]-----|
. . [QoS rules] [QoS rules]
(B). . . |
new session | | |
|----data[]---->|----data[]------>|-======data[DSCP]======->|
| | | |
(C)| | | Validate QoS rule
| | | |--->
| | |<======data[DSCP]========|<----
| | | |
| | mapping |
(D)| | DSCP/802.1p |
| |<----data--------| |
| | [802.1p/DSCP] | |
| | | |
| mapping | |
| 802.1p/802.11e | |
|<--data[WMM]---| | |
| | | |
|---data[WMM]-->|------data------>|=======data[DSCP]=======>|--->
| | [802.1p/DSCP] | |
| | | |
+---------+ +-----+ +---------+
|IPv6-only| |NAT64| |IPv4-only|
| Client | | | | Server |
+---------+ +-----+ +---------+
| | |
| (a) PCP MAP Request | |
| PREFIX64 | |
|======================>| |
| (b) PCP MAP Response | |
| PREFIX64 = | |
| 2001:db8:122:300::/56 | |
|<======================| |
| (1) TCP SYN | (2) TCP SYN |
|======================>|====================>|
| (4) TCP SYN/ACK | (3) TCP SYN/ACK |
|<======================|<====================|
| (5) TCP ACK | (6) TCP ACK |
|======================>|====================>|
| | |
+---------+ +-----+ +------------+ +---------+
|IPv6-only| |NAT64| | IPv4 SIP | |IPv4-only|
| SIP UA | | | |Proxy Server| | SIP UA |
+---------+ +-----+ +------------+ +---------+
| (a) PCP MAP Request | | |
| PORT_SET | | |
| PREFIX64 | | |
|======================>| | |
| (b) PCP MAP Response | | |
| PORT_SET | | |
| PREFIX64: | | |
| 2001:db8:122::/48 | | |
|<======================| | |
| (1) SIP INVITE | (2) SIP INVITE | (3) SIP INVITE |
|======================>|===============>|================>|
| (6) SIP 200 OK | (5) SIP 200 OK | (4) SIP 200 OK |
|<======================|<===============|<================|
| (7) SIP ACK | (8) SIP ACK | (9) SIP ACK |
|======================>|===============>|================>|
| | | |
|src port: dst port:|src port: dst port:|
|port_A port_B|port_X port_B|
|<======IPv6 RTP=======>|<============IPv4 RTP============>|
|<===== IPv6 RTCP======>|<============IPv4 RTCP===========>|
|src port: dst port:|src port: dst port:|
|port_A+1 port_B+1|port_X+1 port_B+1|
| | |
+---------+ +-----+ +------------+ +---------+
|IPv6-only| |NAT64| | IPv4 SIP | |IPv4-only|
| SIP UA | | | |Proxy Server| | SIP UA |
+---------+ +-----+ +------------+ +---------+
| (a) PCP MAP Request | | |
| PORT_SET | | |
| PREFIX64 | | |
|======================>| | |
| (b) PCP MAP Response | | |
| PORT_SET | | |
| PREFIX64: | | |
| 2001:db8:122::/48 | | |
|<======================| | |
| (3) SIP INVITE | (2) SIP INVITE | (1) SIP INVITE |
|<======================|<===============|<================|
| (4) SIP 200 OK | (5) SIP 200 OK | (6) SIP 200 OK |
|======================>|===============>|================>|
| (9) SIP ACK | (8) SIP ACK | (7) SIP ACK |
|<======================|<===============|<================|
| | | |
|src port: dst port:|src port: dst port:|
|port_a port_b|port_Y port_b|
|<======IPv6 RTP=======>|<============IPv4 RTP============>|
|<===== IPv6 RTCP======>|<============IPv4 RTCP===========>|
|src port: dst port:|src port: dst port:|
|port_a+1 port_b+1|port_Y+1 port_b+1|
| | |
+---------+ +-----+ +---------+
|IPv6-only| |NAT64| |IPv4-only|
| Client | | | | Server |
+---------+ +-----+ +---------+
| | 198.51.100.1
| (a) PCP MAP Request | |
| PREFIX64 | |
|=================================>| |
| (b) PCP MAP Response | |
|PREFIX64{ | |
| Pref64::/n =2001:db8:122:300::/56| |
| IPv4 Prefix=192.0.2.0/24} | |
|PREFIX64{ | |
| Pref64::/n =2001:db8:122::/48 | |
| IPv4 Prefix=198.51.100.0/24} | |
|<=================================| |
| (1) TCP SYN | (2) TCP SYN |
|=================================>|====================>|
| (4) TCP SYN/ACK | (3) TCP SYN/ACK |
|<=================================|<====================|
| (5) TCP ACK | (6) TCP ACK |
|=================================>|====================>|
| | |
+-------------------------+ +-------------------------+
| Contact Header | -> <- | Contact Header |
+-------------------------+ +-------------------------+
+-------------------------+ +-------------------------+
| SHUTDOWN | -> <- | SHUTDOWN |
+-------------------------+ +-------------------------+
+-----------+
(Recording Session) | Session |
+------SIP------>| Recording |
| | Server |
| +--RTP/RTCP-->| (SRS) |
| | +-----------+
V V ^
+-------------+ |
| | |
| |-- Metadata -+
| |
| B2BUA |
| |
| Session |
+--------+ | Recording | +---------+
| |<- SIP ->| Client |<- SIP ->| |
| UA-A | | (SRC) | | UA-B |
| |<- RTP/->| |<- RTP/->| |
+--------+ RTCP | | RTCP +---------+
+-------------+
|____________________________________________________|
(Communication Session)
(Recording Session) +-----------+
+----------SIP------>| |
| +----RTP/RTCP---->| Session |
| | | Recording |
| | | Server |
| | +-- Metadata -->| (SRS) |
| | | | |
| | | +-----------+
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
V V | (Communication Session)
+--+------+ +---------+
| |<-------SIP--------->| |
| UA-A | | UA-B |
| (SRC) |<-----RTP/RTCP------>| |
+---------+ +---------+
Session Recording Server (SRS)
+----------------------------------------+
| |
(Recording Session) | +-----------+ +------------+ |
+------------SIP----|->| | | | |
| | | MEDIACTRL |MEDIACTRL | Media | |
| | |Application|<-------->| Server | |
| +-----Metadata--->| Server | | (Recorder)| |
| | | | | | | |
| | | +-----------+ +------------+ |
| | | ^ |
| | +------------------------------|---------+
| | +--------------- RTP/RTCP -----------------+
| | |
V | V
+---+------+ +---------+
| |<-------SIP-------------->| |
| UA-A | (Communication Session) | UA-B |
| (SRC) |<-------RTP/RTCP--------->| |
+----------+ +---------+
+----------+
(Recording Session) | Session |
+-----------SIP------------------------->|Recording |
| +----------Metadata------------------->| Server |
| | | (SRS) |
V | UA-A Session Recording Client (SRC) +----------+
+----------------------------------------+ ^
| | |
| +-----------+ +------------+ | |
| | | Control | |<-RTP/RTCP-+ +---------+
| | UA | Protocol | Media | | | |
| |Application|<-------->| Server | |<----SIP----->| UA-B |
| | Server | | |<-----RTP------>| |
| | | | | | +---------+
| +-----------+ +------------+ |
| |
+----------------------------------------+
#########################################################
# #
# +-----+ #
# | S2X | #
# +-------------+ GW |<...........>+-------------+ #
# | SIP Server +-----+ | XMPP Server | #
# | example.net | +-----+ example.com | #
# +-------------+<***********>| X2S +-------------+ #
# * | GW | : #
# * +-----+ : #
# * : #
# romeo@example.net juliet@example.com #
# #
#########################################################
XMPP XMPP XMPP-to-SIP SIP-to-XMPP SIP SIP
User Server Gateway Gateway Server User
| | | | | |
| (F1) XMPP | | | | |
| subscribe | | | | |
|..........>| | | | |
| | (F2) XMPP | | | |
| | subscribe | | | |
| |...........>| | | |
| | | (F3) SIP SUBSCRIBE | |
| | |**************************>| |
| | | | | (F4) SIP |
| | | | | SUBSCRIBE |
| | | | |**********>|
| | | | | (F5) SIP |
| | | | | 200 OK |
| | | | (F6) SIP |<**********|
| | | | 200 OK | (F7) SIP |
| | | |<***********| NOTIFY |
| | | | |<**********|
| | | | (F8) SIP | |
| | | | NOTIFY | |
| | | |<***********| |
| | | | (F9) SIP | |
| | | | 200 OK | |
| | | |***********>| |
| | | | | (F10) SIP |
| | (F11) XMPP subscribed | | 200 OK |
| |<..........................| |**********>|
| | (F12) XMPP presence | | |
| |<..........................| | |
| (F13) XMPP| | | | |
| subscribed| | | | |
|<..........| | | | |
| (F14) XMPP| | | | |
| presence | | | | |
|<..........| | | | |
XMPP XMPP XMPP-to-SIP SIP-to-XMPP SIP SIP
User Server Gateway Gateway Server User
| | | | | |
| (F15) XMPP| | | | |
|unsubscribe| | | | |
|..........>| | | | |
| | (F16) XMPP | | | |
| | unsubscribe| | | |
| |...........>| | | |
| | | (F17) SIP SUBSCRIBE | |
| | | Expires: 0 | | |
| | |**************************>| |
| | | | | (F18) SIP |
| | | | | SUBSCRIBE |
| | | | | Expires: 0|
| | | | |**********>|
| | | | | (F19) SIP |
| | | | | 200 OK |
| | | | |<**********|
| | | | (F20) SIP | |
| | | | 200 OK | |
| | | |<***********| |
| | (F21) XMPP unsubscribed | | |
| |<..........................| | |
| (F22) XMPP| | | | |
| unsubscribed | | | |
|<..........| | | | |
| | | | | |
SIP SIP SIP-to-XMPP XMPP-to-SIP XMPP XMPP
User Server Gateway Gateway Server User
| | | | | |
| (F23) SIP | | | | |
| SUBSCRIBE | | | | |
|**********>| | | | |
| | (F24) SIP | | | |
| | SUBSCRIBE | | | |
| |***********>| | | |
| | | (F25) XMPP subscribe | |
| | |..........................>| |
| | | | | (F26) XMPP|
| | | | | subscribe |
| | | | |..........>|
| | | | | (F27) XMPP|
| | | | | subscribed|
| | | | |<..........|
| | | | (F28) XMPP | |
| | | | subscribed | |
| | | |<...........| |
| | (F29) SIP 200 OK | | |
| |<**************************| | |
| (F30) SIP | | | | |
| 200 OK | | | | |
|<**********| | | | |
| | | | | |
Key Type | Document | OID
--------------------+----------------------------+-------------------
RSA | Section 2.3.1 of RFC 3279 | 1.2.840.113549.1.1
....................|............................|...................
Digital Signature | |
Algorithm (DSA) | Section 2.3.2 of RFC 3279 | 1.2.840.10040.4.1
....................|............................|...................
Elliptic Curve | |
Digital Signature | |
Algorithm (ECDSA) | Section 2 of RFC 5480 | 1.2.840.10045.2.1
--------------------+----------------------------+-------------------
Client Server
| |
| CON [0x7d34] |
+----------------->|
| |
| ACK [0x7d34] |
|<-----------------+
| |
Client Server Client Server
| | | |
| CON [0xbc90] | | CON [0xbc91] |
| GET /temperature | | GET /temperature |
| (Token 0x71) | | (Token 0x72) |
+----------------->| +----------------->|
| | | |
| ACK [0xbc90] | | ACK [0xbc91] |
| 2.05 Content | | 4.04 Not Found |
| (Token 0x71) | | (Token 0x72) |
| "22.5 C" | | "Not found" |
|<-----------------+ |<-----------------+
| | | |
Client Server
| |
| CON [0x7a10] |
| GET /temperature |
| (Token 0x73) |
+----------------->|
| |
| ACK [0x7a10] |
|<-----------------+
| |
... Time Passes ...
| |
| CON [0x23bb] |
| 2.05 Content |
| (Token 0x73) |
| "22.5 C" |
|<-----------------+
| |
| ACK [0x23bb] |
+----------------->|
| |
Client Server
| |
| NON [0x7a11] |
| GET /temperature |
| (Token 0x74) |
+----------------->|
| |
| NON [0x23bc] |
| 2.05 Content |
| (Token 0x74) |
| "22.5 C" |
|<-----------------+
| |
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
| | NoCacheKey| U | C |
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
Client Server
| |
| |
+----->| Header: GET (T=CON, Code=0.01, MID=0x7d34)
| GET | Uri-Path: "temperature"
| |
| |
|<-----+ Header: 2.05 Content (T=ACK, Code=2.05, MID=0x7d34)
| 2.05 | Payload: "22.3 C"
| |
Client Server
| |
| |
+----->| Header: GET (T=CON, Code=0.01, MID=0x7d35)
| GET | Token: 0x20
| | Uri-Path: "temperature"
| |
| |
|<-----+ Header: 2.05 Content (T=ACK, Code=2.05, MID=0x7d35)
| 2.05 | Token: 0x20
| | Payload: "22.3 C"
| |
Client Server
| |
| |
+----X | Header: GET (T=CON, Code=0.01, MID=0x7d36)
| GET | Token: 0x31
| | Uri-Path: "temperature"
TIMEOUT |
| |
+----->| Header: GET (T=CON, Code=0.01, MID=0x7d36)
| GET | Token: 0x31
| | Uri-Path: "temperature"
| |
| |
|<-----+ Header: 2.05 Content (T=ACK, Code=2.05, MID=0x7d36)
| 2.05 | Token: 0x31
| | Payload: "22.3 C"
| |
Client Server
| |
| |
+----->| Header: GET (T=CON, Code=0.01, MID=0x7d37)
| GET | Token: 0x42
| | Uri-Path: "temperature"
| |
| |
| X----+ Header: 2.05 Content (T=ACK, Code=2.05, MID=0x7d37)
| 2.05 | Token: 0x42
| | Payload: "22.3 C"
TIMEOUT |
| |
+----->| Header: GET (T=CON, Code=0.01, MID=0x7d37)
| GET | Token: 0x42
| | Uri-Path: "temperature"
| |
| |
|<-----+ Header: 2.05 Content (T=ACK, Code=2.05, MID=0x7d37)
| 2.05 | Token: 0x42
| | Payload: "22.3 C"
| |
Client Server
| |
| |
+----->| Header: GET (T=CON, Code=0.01, MID=0x7d38)
| GET | Token: 0x53
| | Uri-Path: "temperature"
| |
| |
|<- - -+ Header: (T=ACK, Code=0.00, MID=0x7d38)
| |
| |
|<-----+ Header: 2.05 Content (T=CON, Code=2.05, MID=0xad7b)
| 2.05 | Token: 0x53
| | Payload: "22.3 C"
| |
| |
+- - ->| Header: (T=ACK, Code=0.00, MID=0xad7b)
| |
Client Server
| |
| |
+----->| Header: GET (T=CON, Code=0.01, MID=0x7d39)
| GET | Token: 0x64
| | Uri-Path: "temperature"
CRASH |
| |
|<- - -+ Header: (T=ACK, Code=0.00, MID=0x7d39)
| |
| |
|<-----+ Header: 2.05 Content (T=CON, Code=2.05, MID=0xad7c)
| 2.05 | Token: 0x64
| | Payload: "22.3 C"
| |
| |
+- - ->| Header: (T=RST, Code=0.00, MID=0xad7c)
| |
Client Server
| |
| |
+----->| Header: GET (T=NON, Code=0.01, MID=0x7d40)
| GET | Token: 0x75
| | Uri-Path: "temperature"
| |
| |
|<-----+ Header: 2.05 Content (T=NON, Code=2.05, MID=0xad7d)
| 2.05 | Token: 0x75
| | Payload: "22.3 C"
| |
Client ff02::1 A B C
| | | | |
| | | | |
+------>| | | | Header: GET (T=NON, Code=0.01, MID=0x7d41)
| GET | | | | Token: 0x86
| | | | Uri-Path: "temperature"
| | | |
| | | |
|<------------+ | | Header: 2.05 (T=NON, Code=2.05, MID=0x60b1)
| 2.05 | | | Token: 0x86
| | | | Payload: "22.3 C"
| | | |
| | | |
| X------------+ | Header: 2.05 (T=NON, Code=2.05, MID=0x01a0)
| 2.05 | | | Token: 0x86
| | | | Payload: "20.9 C"
| | | |
| | | |
|<------------------+ Header: 4.04 (T=NON, Code=4.04, MID=0x952a)
| 4.04 | | | Token: 0x86
| | | |
14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Decimal Digits
+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
| | | S|
| T | S | p|
| A | N | a|
| C | R | r|
| | | e|
+--+-----+-----+-----+--+--+-----+-----+--+--+
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Octets
15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Decimal Digits
+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
| | | |
| T | S | S |
| A | N | V |
| C | R | N |
| | | |
+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Octets
+----------+ +-------+ +-----+ ANCP +-----+
|Subscriber| | Home | | AN |<-------------------->| NAS |
+----------+ |Gateway| +-----+ +-----+
| +-------+ | |
| | | (*)
| | | Multicast-Replication-Ctl |
| | | (Target, add, Flow 1) |
| | |<--------------------------|
| Mcast Flow 1 | |
|<===========+==============+ |
| | | Generic Response |
| | |-------------------------->|
| | | |
| | | |
~ ~ ~ ~
| | | |
| | | Multicast-Replication-Ctl |
| | | (Target,delete, Flow 1) |
| | |<--------------------------|
| | | |
| <Stop Replication of X |
| Mcast Flow 1> | Generic Response |
| | |-------------------------->|
+----------+ +-------+ +-----+ ANCP +-----+
|Subscriber| | Home | | AN |<------------------->| NAS |
+----------+ |Gateway| +-----+ +-----+
| +-------+ | |
| | | |
| Join(Gr-Flow1) | Multicast-Admission-Crl |
|------------+---------->| (Target,add,Gr-Flow1) |
| | |-------------------------->|
| | | (*)
| | | Multicast-Replication-Crl |
| | | (Target,add,Gr-Flow1) |
| | |<--------------------------|
| Mcast Gr-Flow1 | |
|<===========+===========+ |
| | | |
~ ~ ~ ~
| | | |
| Leave(Gr-Flow1) | Multicast-Admission-Crl |
|------------+---------->| (Target,delete,Gr-Flow1) |
| | |-------------------------->|
| <Stop Replication of X |
| Mcast Gr-Flow1> | |
| | | |
+----------+ +-------+ +-----+ ANCP +-----+
|Subscriber| | Home | | AN |<---------->| NAS |
+----------+ |Gateway| +-----+ +-----+
| +-------+ | |
| | | Multicast Flow |
| | | Query Request |
| | |<------------------|
| | | |
| | | Multicast Flow |
| | | Query Response |
| | |------------------>|
| | | |
| | | |
+-----+ +-------+ +-----+ ANCP +-----+
|Subs |+ | Home |+ | AN |<---------->| NAS |
|1,2 || |GW 1,2 || +-----+ +-----+
+-----+| +-------+| | |
+|----+ +|------+ | |
| | | | | |
| |Join(Subs1, Ch1) | |
|----------+--------------->| Start buffering |
| | | Multicast flow | timer. Create |
|<=========+================| message with |
| | | | | initial contents |
| | | | | reporting new |
| | | | | Subs1 bandwidth. |
| | Join(Subs2, Ch2) | |
| |----------+------------->| Add report for |
| | | Multicast flow | new Subs2 b/w. |
| |<=========+==============| |
| | | | | |
| |Leave(Subs1, Ch1) | |
|----------+--------------->| Replace report |
| | | | | for Subs1 with |
| | Stop replication X new value (which |
| | | | | happens to be |
| | | | | the same as the |
| | | | | starting value). |
| | | | | |
| | | | >|< TIMER expires |
| | | | | |
| | | | |Committed |
| | | | | Bandwidth Report |
| | | | |------------------>|
| | | | | (for latest |
| | | | | Subs1 and Subs2 |
| | | | | bandwidth) |
| | | | | |
+----------+ +---------+ +-----+ +-----+
|Subscriber| | Home | | AN | | NAS |
+----------+ | Gateway | +-----+ +-----+
| +---------+ | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | DSL Synch. | |
| |---------------->| |
| | |(M1)PORT_UP(Port ID) |
| | |-------------------->|
| | | (*)
| | |(M2) PORT_MNGT |
| | | (Port ID, |
| | |Mcast S Profile Name,|
| | |Bandwidth Allocation)|
| | |<--------------------|
+----------+ +-------+ +-----+ ANCP +-----+
|Subscriber| | Home | | AN |<---------->| NAS |
+----------+ |Gateway| +-----+ +-----+
| +-------+ | |
| | | Multicast |
| Join(Grey-Fl) | Admission |
|-----------+---------->| Control (M1) |
| | |------------------>|
| | | | (NAS performs
| | | Multicast | admission
| | | Replication (*) control)
| | | Control (M2) |
| Mcast Grey Flow |<------------------|
|<======================+ |
| | | |
~ ~ ~ ~
| | | Multicast |
| Leave(Grey-Fl) | Admission |
|-----------+---------->| Control (M3) |
| | |------------------>|
| | | |
+----------+ +-------+ +-----+ ANCP +-----+
|Subscriber| | Home | | AN |<---------->| NAS |
+----------+ |Gateway| +-----+ +-----+
| +-------+ | |
| | | |
| Join(White-F1) | |
|-----------+---------->| |
| | |AN performs |
| Mcast White Flow 1 | admission control |
|<======================+ |
| | | |
| Join(White-F2) | |
|-----------+---------->|No bandwidth left |
| | | |
| | |Bandwidth |
| | | Reallocation Req |
| | |------------------>|(M1)
| | | |
| | | (*)
| | |Bandwidth Transfer |
| AN can now |<------------------|(M2)
| admit flow | |
| Mcast White Flow 2 | |
|<======================+ |
| | | |
~ ~ ~ ~
| | |Delegated Bandwidth|
| | | Query request |
| | |<------------------|(M3)
| | | |
| | |Delegated Bandwidth|
| | | Query response |
| | |------------------>|(M4)
| | | |
+----------+ +-------+ +-----+ ANCP +-----+
|Subscriber| | Home | | AN |<---------->| NAS |
+----------+ |Gateway| +-----+ +-----+
| +-------+ | |
| | | |
| Join game | |
|-----------+------------------------------>|
| | | Multicast | NAS performs
| | | Replication (*) admission
| | | Control (M1) | control
| Mcast Game Flow |<------------------|
|<=====================>+ |
| | | |
~ ~ ~ ~
| | | |
| Leave game | |
|-----------+------------------------------>|
| | | Multicast |
| | | Replication |
| | | Control (M2) |
| Mcast Game Flow |<------------------|
| discontinued | |
| | | |
+----------+ +-------+ +-----+ ANCP +-----+
|Subscriber| | Home | | AN |<---------->| NAS |
+----------+ |Gateway| +-----+ +-----+
| +-------+ | |
| | | Multicast Flow |
| | | Query Request |
| | | (M1) |
| | |<------------------|
| | | |
| | | Multicast Flow |
| | | Query Response |
| | | (M2) |
| | |------------------>|
| | | |
| | | |
---------- -----------------
PW Mapping | | | PW-ENET-STD-MIB |
----->|PW-STD-MIB|-->| or |
__________ / | | | PW-MPLS-STD-MIB |
| | / ---------- -----------------
| VPLS MIB | / ------------
| |----------------------> | |
---------- MAC addr. mapping using | BRIDGE-MIB |
[SNMP-CONTEXT-MAP-MIB] | |
------------
Bit Number | Hex Value | Name | Reference
-----------+------------+--------------------------+-----------
23 | 0x00000100 | OAM Flows Enabled (M) | [RFC7260]
24 | 0x00000080 | OAM Alarms Enabled (O) | [RFC7260]
Bit | | Attribute | Attribute | |
No. | Name | Flags Path | Flags Resv | RRO | Reference
----+------------------+------------+------------+-----+----------
10 | OAM MEP | | | |
| entities desired | Yes | Yes | Yes | [RFC7260]
| | | | |
11 | OAM MIP | | | |
| entities desired | Yes | Yes | Yes | [RFC7260]
| | |Allowed on |
| |Allowed on |LSP_REQUIRED_|
Type| Name |LSP_ATTRIBUTES|ATTRIBUTES |Reference
----+----------------------+--------------+-------------+---------
3 | OAM Configuration TLV| Yes | Yes |[RFC7260]
Error Code | Meaning | Reference
-----------+-------------+-------------
40 | OAM Problem | [RFC7260]
Value | Description | Reference
-----------+---------------------------------+--------------
0 | Reserved | [RFC7260]
1 | MEP establishment not supported | [RFC7260]
2 | MIP establishment not supported | [RFC7260]
3 | Unsupported OAM Type | [RFC7260]
4 | Configuration Error | [RFC7260]
5 | OAM Type Mismatch | [RFC7260]
6 | Unsupported OAM Function | [RFC7260]
7-32767 | Unassigned |
32768-65535| Reserved for Private Use | [RFC7260]
OAM Type Number | OAM Type Description | Reference
----------------+----------------------+--------------
0-255 | Unassigned |
Range | Note | Registration Procedures
------------+------------------------------|------------------------
0-31 | Generic Sub-TLVs | IETF Review
32-65534 | Technology-specific Sub-TLVs | IETF Review
65535-65536 | Experimental Sub-TLVs | Reserved for
| Experimental Use
Sub-TLV Type | Description | Reference
-------------+-------------------------------+----------
0 | Reserved | [RFC7260]
1 | OAM Function Flags Sub-TLV | [RFC7260]
2-65534 | Unassigned |
65535-65536 | Reserved for Experimental Use | [RFC7260]
OAM Function Flag | Description
Bit Number |
------------------+----------------------------------------------
0 | Continuity Check (CC)
1 | Connectivity Verification (CV)
2 | Fault Management Signal (FMS)
3 | Performance Monitoring/Loss (PM/Loss)
4 | Performance Monitoring/Delay (PM/Delay)
5 | Performance Monitoring/Throughput Measurement
| (PM/Throughput)
>=6 | Unassigned
A B C D X
| Request | | | |
|----------->| | | |
| | Request | | |
| |----------->| | |
| | | Request | |
| | |----------->| |
| | | | Request |
| | | |----------->|
| | | | |
| | | | Response |
| | | |<-----------|
| | | Response | |
| | |<-----------| |
| | Response | | |
| |<-----------| | |
| Response | | | |
|<-----------| | | |
| | | | |
A B C D X
| Request | | | |
|----------->| | | |
| | Request | | |
| |----------->| | |
| | | Request | |
| | |----------->| |
| | | | Request |
| | | |----------->|
| | | | |
| | | | Response |
|<-----------+------------+------------+------------|
| | | | |
A B C D X R
| Request | | | | |
|----------->| | | | |
| | Request | | | |
| |----------->| | | |
| | | Request | | |
| | |----------->| | |
| | | | Request | |
| | | |----------->| |
| | | | | Response |
| | | | |---------->|
| | | | Response | |
|<-----------+------------+------------+------------+-----------|
| | | | | |
Native |<---------Multi-Segment Pseudowire-------->| Native
Service | PSN PSN | Service
(AC) | |<--Tunnel-->| |<--Tunnel-->| | (AC)
| V V 1 V V 2 V V |
| +-----+ +-----+ +-----+ |
+---+ | |T-PE1|============|S-PE1|============|T-PE2| | +---+
| |------|...... PW.Seg't 1....X....PW.Seg't 3.......|-------| |
|CE1| | | | | | | | | |CE2|
| |------|...... PW.Seg't 2....X....PW.Seg't 4.......|-------| |
+---+ | | |============| |============| | | +---+
^ +-----+ +-----+ +-----+ ^
| Provider Edge 1 ^ Provider Edge 2 |
| | |
| | |
| PW switching point |
| |
|<-------------------- Emulated Service ------------------>|
0 31 32 63 64 95 (bits)
+-----------+--------+--------+
| Global ID | Prefix | AC ID |
+-----------+--------+--------+
Bit
0 7 8 71 72 103 104 135 136 167
+------+----------------+-----------+--------+--------+
|Length| Route Dist | Global ID | Prefix | AC ID |
+------+----------------+-----------+--------+--------+
MSB - 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 - LSB
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
| Status| Reason code or flags |
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
MSB - 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 - LSB
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
| Status| Reason code or flags |
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
Status:
| OC | LO | SFDc | SF-P | FS | SF-W |
--------+-----+---------+------+--------+--------+--------+
N | i | UA:LO:L | i | UA:P:L | SA:F:L | PF:W:L |
UA:LO:L | (1) | i | i | i | i | i |
UA:P:L | i | UA:LO:L | (1) | i | i | i |
UA:DP:L | i | UA:LO:L | (1) | UA:P:L | SA:F:L | PF:W:L |
UA:LO:R | i | UA:LO:L | i | UA:P:L | i | PF:W:L |
UA:P:R | i | UA:LO:L | i | UA:P:L | i | PF:W:L |
UA:DP:R | i | UA:LO:L | i | UA:P:L | SA:F:L | PF:W:L |
PF:W:L | i | UA:LO:L | (2) | UA:P:L | SA:F:L | i |
PF:DW:L | i | UA:LO:L | (2) | UA:P:L | SA:F:L | PF:W:L |
PF:W:R | i | UA:LO:L | i | UA:P:L | SA:F:L | PF:W:L |
PF:DW:R | i | UA:LO:L | i | UA:P:L | SA:F:L | PF:W:L |
SA:F:L | (3) | UA:LO:L | i | UA:P:L | i | i |
SA:MW:L | (1) | UA:LO:L | i | UA:P:L | SA:F:L | PF:W:L |
SA:MP:L | (3) | UA:LO:L | i | UA:P:L | SA:F:L | PF:W:L |
SA:F:R | i | UA:LO:L | i | UA:P:L | SA:F:L | PF:W:L |
SA:MW:R | i | UA:LO:L | i | UA:P:L | SA:F:L | PF:W:L |
SA:MP:R | i | UA:LO:L | i | UA:P:L | SA:F:L | PF:W:L |
WTR | (4) | UA:LO:L | i | UA:P:L | SA:F:L | PF:W:L |
DNR | i | UA:LO:L | i | UA:P:L | SA:F:L | PF:W:L |
E::L | (5) | UA:LO:L | i | UA:P:L | SA:F:L | PF:W:L |
E::R | i | UA:LO:L | i | UA:P:L | SA:F:L | PF:W:L |
| SD-P | SD-W | MS-W | MS-P | WTRExp | EXER
--------+---------+---------+---------+---------+--------+------
N | UA:DP:L | PF:DW:L | SA:MW:L | SA:MP:L | i | E::L
UA:LO:L | i | i | i | i | i | i
UA:P:L | i | i | i | i | i | i
UA:DP:L | i | i | i | i | i | i
UA:LO:R | UA:DP:L | PF:DW:L | i | i | i | i
UA:P:R | UA:DP:L | PF:DW:L | i | i | i | i
UA:DP:R | UA:DP:L | PF:DW:L | i | i | i | i
PF:W:L | i | i | i | i | i | i
PF:DW:L | i | i | i | i | i | i
PF:W:R | UA:DP:L | PF:DW:L | i | i | i | i
PF:DW:R | UA:DP:L | PF:DW:L | i | i | i | i
SA:F:L | i | i | i | i | i | i
SA:MW:L | UA:DP:L | PF:DW:L | i | i | i | i
SA:MP:L | UA:DP:L | PF:DW:L | i | i | i | i
SA:F:R | UA:DP:L | PF:DW:L | i | i | i | i
SA:MW:R | UA:DP:L | PF:DW:L | SA:MW:L | i | i | i
SA:MP:R | UA:DP:L | PF:DW:L | i | SA:MP:L | i | i
WTR | UA:DP:L | PF:DW:L | SA:MW:L | SA:MP:L | (6) | i
DNR | UA:DP:L | PF:DW:L | SA:MW:L | SA:MP:L | i | E::L
E::L | UA:DP:L | PF:DW:L | SA:MW:L | SA:MP:L | i | i
E::R | UA:DP:L | PF:DW:L | SA:MW:L | SA:MP:L | i | E::L
| MS-W | MS-P | WTR | EXER | RR | DNR | NR
--------+---------+---------+-----+------+----+------+----
N | SA:MW:R | SA:MP:R | i | E::R | i | i | i
UA:LO:L | i | i | i | i | i | i | i
UA:P:L | i | i | i | i | i | i | i
UA:DP:L | i | i | i | i | i | i | i
UA:LO:R | SA:MW:R | SA:MP:R | i | E::R | i | i | N
UA:P:R | SA:MW:R | SA:MP:R | i | E::R | i | i | N
UA:DP:R | SA:MW:R | SA:MP:R | i | E::R | i | i | N
PF:W:L | i | i | i | i | i | i | i
PF:DW:L | i | i | i | i | i | i | i
PF:W:R | SA:MW:R | SA:MP:R | (9) | E::R | i | (10) | (11)
PF:DW:R | SA:MW:R | SA:MP:R | (9) | E::R | i | (10) | (11)
SA:F:L | i | i | i | i | i | i | i
SA:MW:L | i | i | i | i | i | i | i
SA:MP:L | i | i | i | i | i | i | i
SA:F:R | SA:MW:R | SA:MP:R | i | E::R | i | DNR | N
SA:MW:R | i | SA:MP:R | i | E::R | i | i | N
SA:MP:R | SA:MW:R | i | i | E::R | i | DNR | N
WTR | SA:MW:R | SA:MP:R | i | i | i | i | (12)
DNR | SA:MW:R | SA:MP:R | (13)| E::R | i | i | i
E::L | SA:MW:R | SA:MP:R | i | i | i | i | i
E::R | SA:MW:R | SA:MP:R | i | i | i | DNR | N
A Z
| |
(1) |-- NR(0,0) ------>| (1)
|<----- NR(0,0) ---|
| |
| |
| (FS issued at Z) | (2)
(3) |<------ FS(1,1) --|
|-- NR(0,1) ------>|
| |
| |
(4) | (SF on P(A<-Z)) |
| |
| |
| (Clear FS at Z) | (5)
(6) | X <- NR(0,0) --|
| |
| |
A Z
| |
(1) |-- NR(0,0) ------>| (1)
|<----- NR(0,0) ---|
| |
| |
(2) | (SF on P(A<->Z)) | (2)
|-- SF(0,0) ------>|
|<------ SF(0,0) --|
| |
| |
(3) | (SF on W(A<->Z)) | (3)
| |
| |
(4) | (Clear SF-P) | (4)
| |
| |
(5) | (Clear SF-W) | (5)
| |
| |
A Z
| |
(1) |<---- NR(0,0)---->| (1)
| |
| |
(2) | (SF on W(Z->A)) |
|---- SF(1,1)----->| (3)
(4) |<----- NR(0,1)----|
| |
| |
(5) | (Clear SF-W) |
|---- WTR(0,1)---->|
/| |
| | |
WTR timer | |
| | |
\| |
(6) |---- NR(0,1)----->| (7)
(8) |<----- NR(0,0)----|
|---- NR(0,0)----->| (9)
| |
A Z
| |
(1) |<---- NR(0,0)---->| (1)
| |
| |
(2) | (SF on W(A<->Z)) | (2)
|<---- SF(1,1)---->|
| |
| |
(3) | (Clear SF-W) | (3)
|<---- NR(0,1)---->|
(4) |<--- WTR(0,1) --->| (4)
/| |\
| | | |
WTR timer | | WTR timer
| | | |
| | |/
| |<------ NR(0,1)---| (5)
| | |
\| |
(6) |--- NR(0,1)------>|
|<------ NR(0,0)---| (7)
(8) |--- NR(0,0)------>|
| |
(revertive) A Z (non-revertive)
| |
(1) |<---- NR(0,0)---->| (1)
| |
| |
(2) | (SF on W(A<->Z)) | (2)
|<---- SF(1,1)---->|
| |
| |
(3) | (Clear SF-W) | (3)
|<---- NR(0,1)---->|
(4) |<----- DNR(0,1)---| (4)
/|-- WTR(0,1)------>|
| |<----- NR(0,1)----| (5)
| | |
WTR timer | |
| | |
| | |
\| |
(6) |--- NR(0,1)------>|
|<------ NR(0,0)---| (7)
(8) |--- NR(0,0)------>|
| |
Alice's . . . . . . .tv:abc.com . . . . . . . Bob's
TV (Sync Client) (Sync Server) Laptop (Sync Client)
| | |
| Media Session | |
|<=====================>| |
| Invite(URL, SyncGroupId) |
|------------------------------------------------->|
| | Media Session Setup |
| |<========================>|
| | |
| Call Setup |
|<================================================>|
| | |
| RTP Packets | RTP Packets |
|<----------------------|------------------------->|
| RR + XR IDMS Report | |
|---------------------->| RR + XR IDMS Report |
| |<-------------------------|
| RTCP IDMS Settings | RTCP IDMS Settings |
|<----------------------|------------------------->|
| | |
+-----------------------+ +-----------------------+
| | SR + | |
| RTP Receiver | RTCP | RTP Sender |
| | IDMS | |
| +-----------------+ | <----- | +-----------------+ |
| | | | | | | |
| | Synchronization | | | | Media | |
| | Client | | | | Synchronization | |
| | (SC) | | | | Application | |
| | | | | | Server | |
| | | | RR+XR | | (MSAS) | |
| | | | -----> | | | |
| +-----------------+ | | +-----------------+ |
| | | |
+-----------------------+ +-----------------------+
+=================+
| |
Multi-homed +----+ | +-----+ |
Node ------------> | CE |-------|--| PE1 ||<------|---Pseudowire-->|
| |--+ -|--| ||<------|---Pseudowire-->|
+----+ | / | +-----+ |
| / | || |
|/ | || ICCP |--> Towards Core
+-------------+ / | || |
| | /| | +-----+ |
| Access |/ +----|--| PE2 ||<------|---Pseudowire-->|
| Network |-------|--| ||<------|---Pseudowire-->|
| | | +-----+ |
| | | |
+-------------+ | Redundancy |
^ | Group |
| +=================+
|
Multi-homed Network
+=================+ +-----------------+
|CO | | |
| +-----+ | | |
| | PE1 |________|_____| |
| | | | | |
| +-----+ | | |
| || | | |
| || ICCP | | Core |
| || | | Network |
| +-----+ | | |
| | PE2 |________|_____| |
| | | | | |
| +-----+ | | |
| | | |
+=================+ +-----------------+
+=================+ +-----------------+
|CO | | |
| +-----+ | | |
| | PE1 |________|_____| |
| | |<=================+ |
| +-----+ ICCP | | || |
| | | || |
| | | || Core |
| | | || Network |
| +-----+ | | || |
| | PE2 |________|_____| || |
| | |<=================+ |
| +-----+ | | |
| | | |
+=================+ +-----------------+
+=================+ +-----------------+
|CO 1 | | |
| +-----+ | | |
| | PE1 |________|_____| |
| | | | | |
| +-----+ | | |
+=====||==========+ | |
|| ICCP | Core |
+=====||==========+ | Network |
| +-----+ | | |
| | PE2 |________|_____| |
| | | | | |
| +-----+ | | |
|CO 2 | | |
+=================+ +-----------------+
+=================+ +-----------------+
|CO 1 | | |
| +-----+ | | |
| | PE1 |________|_____| |
| | |<=================+ |
| +-----+ ICCP | | || |
+=================+ | || |
| || Core |
+=================+ | || Network |
| +-----+ | | || |
| | PE2 |________|_____| || |
| | |<=================+ |
| +-----+ | | |
|CO 2 | | |
+=================+ +-----------------+
+------------+
| |
+------------------>|NONEXISTENT | LDP session torn down
| | |<--------------------------+
| +------------+ |
| LDP session | ^ LDP session |
| established | | torn down |
| V | |
| +-----------+ |
LDP | | | Tx LDP ICCP |
session| |INITIALIZED| capability |
torn | +---| |---------------+ |
down | Rx other | +-----------+ | |
| ICCP msg/ |Rx LDP ICCP | |
| Tx NAK TLV | capability/ | |
| +---+ |Tx LDP ICCP capability | |
| | | | | |
| V | V V |
| +-----------+ Rx LDP ICCP +--------+ |
+---| | capability | | |
|CAPREC |<----------------------|CAPSENT |---------->+
+---| |-------------------+ | | |
| +-----------+ | +--------+ |
| ^ ^ | |
Tx | | | | |
RG | | |Rx RG Disconnect msg | |
Connect| | | or |Rx RG Connect msg/ |
msg | | |Tx RG Disconnect msg | Tx RG Connect msg |
| | | V |
| | | +------------+ |
| | +--------------------| | |
| | |OPERATIONAL |------------>+
| | | | |
| |Rx other ICCP msg/ +------------+ |
| | Tx NAK TLV ^ |
| | | |
| +----------+ Rx RG Connect msg | |
| | |---------------------+ |
+----->|CONNECTING| |
| |----------------------------------------->+
+----------+
+------------+
| |
+---------------->|NONEXISTENT | ICCP connection torn down
| | |<--------------------------+
| +------------+ |
| ICCP connection| ^ ICCP connection |
| established | | torn down |
| | | |
| V | Rx other App TLV/ |
| +-----------+<-----+ Tx NAK TLV |
ICCP | Rx App | | | |
connect| Connect TLV | RESET |------+ |
torn | +-------------| |---------------+ |
down | | +-----------+ Tx App | |
| | ^ ^ ^ ^ Connect TLV| |
| | Tx NAK | | | | | |
| | or | | | | | |
| | Rx non- | | | | | |
| | Connect | | | | | |
| V TLV/Tx NAK | | |Rx NAK TLV V |
| +-----------+ | | | |or +--------+ |
+-| |---+ | | +---------| | |
|CONNREC | | | Rx other |CONNSENT|---------->+
+-| |-+ | | App TLV/ | | |
| +-----------+ | | | Tx NAK +--------+ |
| ^---+ | | |Rx App Connect |
| Rx App | | |TLV (A=1)/ |
| Connect TLV | |Rx App Disconn | Tx App |
| | |or | Connect TLV |
| Tx App Connect | |Tx App Disconn V (A=1) |
| TLV (A=1) | | +------------+ |
| | +------| | |
| Rx other App | |OPERATIONAL |------------>+
| TLV/Tx NAK | | | |
| +------+ +------------+ |
| | ^ Rx App Connect |
| +----------+ | TLV (A=1) |
| | |---------------------+ |
+--->|CONNECTING| |
| |----------------------------------------->+
+----------+
+-----+ +----+ +----+ +-----+
| | | |========================| | | |
| |-------| | MPLS | |-------| |
| | IP | | | | IP | |
+-----+ +----+ +----+ +-----+
Customer Provider Provider Customer
Edge Edge Edge Edge
| +--------------------------------------+----------+
| | Extended ICMP to Support Multi-Part | RFC 4884 |
| | Messages [ICMP-MP] | |
| +--------------------------------------+----------+
| | Extending ICMP for Interface and | RFC 5837 |
| | Next-Hop Identification [ICMP-Int] | |
+-----------+--------------------------------------+----------+
|BFD | Bidirectional Forwarding Detection | RFC 5880 |
| | (BFD) [BFD] | |
| +--------------------------------------+----------+
| | Bidirectional Forwarding Detection | RFC 5881 |
| | (BFD) for IPv4 and IPv6 (Single Hop) | |
| | [BFD-IP] | |
| +--------------------------------------+----------+
| | Generic Application of Bidirectional | RFC 5882 |
| | Forwarding Detection (BFD)[BFD-Gen] | |
| +--------------------------------------+----------+
| | Bidirectional Forwarding Detection | RFC 5883 |
| | (BFD) for Multihop Paths [BFD-Multi] | |
| +--------------------------------------+----------+
| | Bidirectional Forwarding Detection | RFC 5884 |
| | (BFD) for MPLS Label Switched Paths | |
| | (LSPs) [BFD-LSP] | |
| +--------------------------------------+----------+
| | Bidirectional Forwarding Detection | RFC 5885 |
| | for the Pseudowire Virtual Circuit | |
| | Connectivity Verification (VCCV) | |
| | [BFD-VCCV] | |
+-----------+--------------------------------------+----------+
|MPLS OAM | Operations and Management (OAM) | RFC 4377 |
| | Requirements for Multi-Protocol Label| |
| | Switched (MPLS) Networks [MPLS-OAM] | |
| +--------------------------------------+----------+
| | A Framework for Multi-Protocol | RFC 4378 |
| | Label Switching (MPLS) Operations | |
| | and Management (OAM) [MPLS-OAM-FW] | |
| +--------------------------------------+----------+
| | Detecting Multi-Protocol Label | RFC 4379 |
| | Switched (MPLS) Data Plane Failures | |
| | [LSP-Ping] | |
| +--------------------------------------+----------+
| | Operations and Management (OAM) | RFC 4687 |
| | Requirements for Point-to-Multipoint | |
| | MPLS Networks [MPLS-P2MP] | |
| +--------------------------------------+----------+
| | ICMP Extensions for Multiprotocol | RFC 4950 |
| | Label Switching [ICMP-Ext] | |
| +--------------------------------------+----------+
| | Bidirectional Forwarding Detection | RFC 5884 |
| | for MPLS Label Switched Paths (LSPs) | |
| | [BFD-LSP] | |
+-----------+--------------------------------------+----------+
|MPLS-TP | Requirements for Operations, | RFC 5860 |
|OAM | Administration, and Maintenance (OAM)| |
| | in MPLS Transport Networks | |
| | [MPLS-TP-OAM] | |
| +--------------------------------------+----------+
| | MPLS Generic Associated Channel | RFC 5586 |
| | [G-ACh] | |
| +--------------------------------------+----------+
| | Operations, Administration, and | RFC 6371 |
| | Maintenance Framework for MPLS-Based | |
| | Transport Networks [TP-OAM-FW] | |
| +--------------------------------------+----------+
| | Proactive Connectivity Verification, | RFC 6428 |
| | Continuity Check, and Remote Defect | |
| | Indication for the MPLS Transport | |
| | Profile [TP-CC-CV] | |
| +--------------------------------------+----------+
| | MPLS On-Demand Connectivity | RFC 6426 |
| | Verification and Route Tracing | |
| | [OnDemand-CV] | |
| +--------------------------------------+----------+
| | MPLS Fault Management Operations, | RFC 6427 |
| | Administration, and Maintenance (OAM)| |
| | [TP-Fault] | |
| +--------------------------------------+----------+
| | MPLS Transport Profile Lock Instruct | RFC 6435 |
| | and Loopback Functions [Lock-Loop] | |
| +--------------------------------------+----------+
| | Packet Loss and Delay Measurement for| RFC 6374 |
| | MPLS Networks [MPLS-LM-DM] | |
| +--------------------------------------+----------+
| | A Packet Loss and Delay Measurement | RFC 6375 |
| | Profile for MPLS-Based Transport | |
| | Networks [TP-LM-DM] | |
+-----------+--------------------------------------+----------+
|Pseudowire | Pseudowire Virtual Circuit | RFC 5085 |
|OAM | Connectivity Verification (VCCV): | |
| | A Control Channel for Pseudowires | |
| | [VCCV] | |
| +--------------------------------------+----------+
| | Bidirectional Forwarding Detection | RFC 5885 |
| | for the Pseudowire Virtual Circuit | |
| | Connectivity Verification (VCCV) | |
| | [BFD-VCCV] | |
| +--------------------------------------+----------+
| | Using the Generic Associated Channel | RFC 6423 |
| | Label for Pseudowire in the MPLS | |
| | Transport Profile (MPLS-TP) | |
| | [PW-G-ACh] | |
| +--------------------------------------+----------+
| | Pseudowire (PW) Operations, | RFC 6310 |
| | Administration, and Maintenance (OAM)| |
| | Message Mapping [PW-MAP] | |
| +--------------------------------------+----------+
| | MPLS and Ethernet Operations, | RFC 7023 |
| | Administration, and Maintenance (OAM)| |
| | Interworking [Eth-Int] | |
+-----------+--------------------------------------+----------+
|OWAMP and | A One-way Active Measurement Protocol| RFC 4656 |
|TWAMP | (OWAMP) [OWAMP] | |
| +--------------------------------------+----------+
| | A Two-Way Active Measurement Protocol| RFC 5357 |
| | (TWAMP) [TWAMP] | |
| +--------------------------------------+----------+
| | Framework for IP Performance Metrics | RFC 2330 |
| | [IPPM-FW] | |
| +--------------------------------------+----------+
| | IPPM Metrics for Measuring | RFC 2678 |
| | Connectivity [IPPM-Con] | |
| +--------------------------------------+----------+
| | A One-way Delay Metric for IPPM | RFC 2679 |
| | [IPPM-1DM] | |
| +--------------------------------------+----------+
| | A One-way Packet Loss Metric for IPPM| RFC 2680 |
| | [IPPM-1LM] | |
| +--------------------------------------+----------+
| | A Round-trip Delay Metric for IPPM | RFC 2681 |
| | [IPPM-2DM] | |
| +--------------------------------------+----------+
| | Packet Reordering Metrics | RFC 4737 |
| | [Reorder] | |
| +--------------------------------------+----------+
| | A One-Way Packet Duplication Metric | RFC 5560 |
| | [Dup] | |
+-----------+--------------------------------------+----------+
|TRILL OAM | Requirements for Operations, | RFC 6905 |
| | Administration, and Maintenance (OAM)| |
| | in Transparent Interconnection of | |
| | Lots of Links (TRILL) | |
+-----------+--------------------------------------+----------+
+--rw if:interfaces
+--rw if:interface* [name]
...
+--rw ipv4!
| +--rw enabled? boolean
| +--rw forwarding? boolean
| +--rw mtu? uint16
| +--rw address* [ip]
| | +--rw ip inet:ipv4-address-no-zone
| | +--rw (subnet)
| | +--:(prefix-length)
| | | +--rw ip:prefix-length? uint8
| | +--:(netmask)
| | +--rw ip:netmask? yang:dotted-quad
| +--rw neighbor* [ip]
| +--rw ip inet:ipv4-address-no-zone
| +--rw link-layer-address yang:phys-address
+--rw ipv6!
+--rw enabled? boolean
+--rw forwarding? boolean
+--rw mtu? uint32
+--rw address* [ip]
| +--rw ip inet:ipv6-address-no-zone
| +--rw prefix-length uint8
+--rw neighbor* [ip]
| +--rw ip inet:ipv6-address-no-zone
| +--rw link-layer-address yang:phys-address
+--rw dup-addr-detect-transmits? uint32
+--rw autoconf
+--rw create-global-addresses? boolean
+--rw create-temporary-addresses? boolean
+--rw temporary-valid-lifetime? uint32
+--rw temporary-preferred-lifetime? uint32
+--ro if:interfaces-state
+--ro if:interface* [name]
...
+--ro ipv4!
| +--ro forwarding? boolean
| +--ro mtu? uint16
| +--ro address* [ip]
| | +--ro ip inet:ipv4-address-no-zone
| | +--ro (subnet)?
| | | +--:(prefix-length)
| | | | +--ro prefix-length? uint8
| | | +--:(netmask)
| | | +--ro netmask? yang:dotted-quad
| | +--ro origin? ip-address-origin
| +--ro neighbor* [ip]
| +--ro ip inet:ipv4-address-no-zone
| +--ro link-layer-address? yang:phys-address
| +--ro origin? neighbor-origin
+--ro ipv6!
+--ro forwarding? boolean
+--ro mtu? uint32
+--ro address* [ip]
| +--ro ip inet:ipv6-address-no-zone
| +--ro prefix-length uint8
| +--ro origin? ip-address-origin
| +--ro status? enumeration
+--ro neighbor* [ip]
+--ro ip inet:ipv6-address-no-zone
+--ro link-layer-address? yang:phys-address
+--ro origin? neighbor-origin
+--ro is-router? empty
+--ro state? enumeration
+------+----------+-------+------------+----------------+-------+------+
|Method| Defined | ptype | Property | Value |Status | Ver- |
| | in | | | | | sion |
+------+----------+-------+------------+----------------+-------+------+
| smime| [RFC5751]| body | smime-part | A reference to |active | 1 |
| | | | | the MIME body | | |
| | | | | part that | | |
| | | | | contains the | | |
| | | | | signature, as | | |
| | | | | defined in | | |
| | | | | Section 3.2.1 | | |
| | | | | of [RFC7281]. | | |
| | | | | | | |
| smime| [RFC5751]| body | smime- | The email |active | 1 |
| | | | identifier | address | | |
| | | | | [RFC5322] | | |
| | | | | associated | | |
| | | | | with the | | |
| | | | | S/MIME | | |
| | | | | signature. | | |
| | | | | The email | | |
| | | | | address can be | | |
| | | | | specified | | |
| | | | | explicitly or | | |
| | | | | derived from | | |
| | | | | the identity | | |
| | | | | of the signer. | | |
| | | | | Note that this | | |
| | | | | email address | | |
| | | | | can correspond | | |
| | | | | to a counter- | | |
| | | | | signature. | | |
| | | | | | | |
| smime| [RFC5751]| body | smime- | serialNumber |active | 1 |
| | | | serial | of the | | |
| | | | | certificate | | |
| | | | | associated | | |
| | | | | with the | | |
| | | | | S/MIME | | |
| | | | | signature (see | | |
| | | | | Section | | |
| | | | | 4.1.2.2 of | | |
| | | | | [RFC5280]. | | |
| | | | | | | |
| smime| [RFC5751]| body | smime- | Issuer name DN |active | 1 |
| | | | issuer | (e.g., "CN=CA1,| | |
| | | | | ST=BC,c=CA") | | |
| | | | | of the | | |
| | | | | certificate | | |
| | | | | associated | | |
| | | | | with the | | |
| | | | | S/MIME | | |
| | | | | signature (see | | |
| | | | | Section | | |
| | | | | 4.1.2.4 of | | |
| | | | | [RFC5280]. | | |
+------+----------+-------+------------+----------------+-------+------+
+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Network Region |
| |
| +-----------+ |
| | Routing | |
| +--------------+ | Protocols | |
| | Provisioning | +-----------+ |
| | Policy | | |
| +--------------+\ | |
| \ | |
| \ | |
| +-----------+ \+---------+ +--------+ |
| |Dynamic | | ALTO | ALTO Protocol | ALTO | |
| |Network |.......| Server | ==================== | Client | |
| |Information| +---------+ +--------+ |
| +-----------+ / / |
| / ALTO SD Query/Response / |
| / / |
| +----------+ +----------------+ |
| | External | | ALTO Service | |
| | Interface| | Discovery (SD) | |
| +----------+ +----------------+ |
| | |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
+------------------+
| Third Parties |
| |
| Content Providers|
+------------------+
.-----------------------------------------.
| ALTO Information Services |
| .-----------. .----------. .----------. |
| | Map- | | Endpoint | | Endpoint | |
| | Filtering | | Property | | Cost | |
| | Service | | Service | | Service | |
| `-----------' `----------' `----------' |
| .-------------------------------------. |
| | Map Service | |
| | .-------------. .--------------. | |
| | | Network Map | | Cost Map | | |
| | `-------------' `--------------' | |
| `-------------------------------------' |
`-----------------------------------------'
.------------------------------------------------------------.
| An ALTO Network Map |
| |
| .-----------------------------------. .----------------. |
| | NetLoc: PID-1 | | NetLoc: PID-3 | |
| | .------------------------------. | | | |
| | | 192.0.2.0/24 | | | .-----------. | |
| | | .--------------------------. | | | | 0.0.0.0/0 | | |
| | | | Endpoint: 192.0.2.34 | | | | `-----------` | |
| | | `--------------------------` | | | | |
| | `------------------------------` | | | |
| | .------------------------------. | | | |
| | | 198.51.100.0/25 | | | | |
| | | .--------------------------. | | | | |
| | | | Endpoint: 198.51.100.100 | | | | | |
| | | `--------------------------` | | | | |
| | `------------------------------` | | | |
| `-----------------------------------` | | |
| | | |
| .-----------------------------------. | | |
| | NetLoc: PID-2 | | | |
| | .------------------------------. | | | |
| | | 198.51.100.128/25 | | | | |
| | `------------------------------` | | | |
| `-----------------------------------` `----------------` |
`------------------------------------------------------------`
.---------. (1) Get Network Map .---------------.
| | <----------------------> | |
| ALTO | | P2P Tracker |
| Server | (2) Get Cost Map | (ALTO client) |
| | <----------------------> | |
`---------' `---------------'
^ |
(3) Get Peers | | (4) Selected Peer
| v List
.---------. .-----------.
| Peer 1 | <-------------- | P2P |
`---------' | Client |
. (5) Connect to `-----------'
. Selected Peers /
.---------. /
| Peer 50 | <------------------
`---------'
.---------. (1) Get Network Map .---------------.
| | <----------------------> | |
| ALTO | | P2P Client |
| Server | (2) Get Cost Map | (ALTO client) |
| | <----------------------> | | .---------.
`---------' `---------------' <- | P2P |
.---------. / | ^ ^ | Tracker |
| Peer 1 | <-------------- | | \ `---------'
`---------' | (3) Gather Peers
. (4) Select Peers | | \
. and Connect / .--------. .--------.
.---------. / | P2P | | DHT |
| Peer 50 | <---------------- | Client | `--------'
`---------' | (PEX) |
`--------'
.---------. .---------------.
| | | |
| ALTO | (2) Get Endpoint Ranking | P2P Client |
| Server | <----------------------> | (ALTO client) |
| | | | .---------.
`---------' `---------------' <- | P2P |
.---------. / | ^ ^ | Tracker |
| Peer 1 | <-------------- | | \ `---------'
`---------' | (1) Gather Peers
. (3) Connect to | | \
. Selected Peers / .--------. .--------.
.---------. / | P2P | | DHT |
| Peer 50 | <---------------- | Client | `--------'
`---------' | (PEX) |
`--------'
MN1 MAG1 MN2 MAG2 LMA
| | | | |
| | Mcast Data | | |
| |<---------------+ | |
| | Mcast Data | | |
| Join(G) +================================================>|
+--------------> | | | |
| Mcast Data | | | |
|<---------------+ | | |
| | | | |
| < Movement of MN 2 to MAG2 & PMIP Binding Update > |
| | | | |
| | |--- Rtr Sol -->| |
| | |<-- Rtr Adv ---| |
| | | | |
| | | < MLD Proxy Configuration > |
| | | | |
| | | (MLD Query) | |
| | |<--------------+ |
| | | Mcast Data | |
| | +-------------->| |
| | | | Mcast Data |
| | | +===============>|
| | | | |
| | Mcast Data | | |
| |<================================================+
| Mcast Data | | | |
|<---------------+ | | |
| | | | |
Source | Consumer | Consumer | Enterprise | Enterprise
| Scenario | Scenario | Scenario | Scenario
| Host | Network | Host | Network
| Firewall | Firewall | Firewall | Firewall
----------+------------+-------------+------------+------------
End user | Sometimes | Sometimes | |
| (as host | (as network | |
| admin) | admin) | |
----------+------------+-------------+------------+------------
App | Yes | Sometimes | |
developer | | (via | |
| | protocols) | |
----------+------------+-------------+------------+------------
Network | | Sometimes | | Yes
admin | | | |
----------+------------+-------------+------------+------------
Host | Sometimes | | Yes |
admin | | | |
----------+------------+-------------+------------+------------
Firewall | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes
vendor | | | |
----------+------------+-------------+------------+------------
Access Node VRF Termination CGN
+-----------+ +-----------+ +-----------+
| | | | | |
CPE-CG | +-------+ | | +-------+ | | +-------+ |
+-----+ | | | |LSP| | | | IP | | | |
| --+--+-+->VRF--+-+---+-+->VRF--+-+----+-+> | |
|IPv4 | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | +-------+ | | +-------+ | | | | |
+-----| | | | | | | XLATE | |
|IPv6 | | | | | | | | |
| | | +-------+ | | +-------+ | | | | |
| | | | IPv6 | | | | IPv4 | | IP | | | |
| --+--+-+->GRT | | | | GRT<-+-+----+-+-- | |
+-----+ | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| +---+---+ | | +---+---+ | | +-------+ |
+-----+-----+ +-----+-----+ +-----------+
| |
| | +-----------+
| | IP | IPv4 |
| +----------+-> GRT |
| +-----------+
|
|
|
| IP +-----------+
+--------------------------+-> IPv6 |
| GRT |
+-----------+
+------------+ +------------+
| Imp 1 | ,---. | Imp 2 |
+------------+ / \ +-------+ +------------+
| V100 ^ V200 / \ | Tunnel| | V300 ^ V400
| | ( ) | Head | | |
+--------+ +------+ | |__| Router| +----------+
|Ethernet| |Tunnel| |Internet | +---B---+ |Ethernet |
|Switch |--|Head |-| | | |Switch |
+-+--+---+ |Router| | | +---+---+--+--+--+----+
|__| +--A---+ ( ) |Network| |__|
\ / |Emulat.|
U-turn \ / |"netem"| U-turn
V300 to V400 `-+-' +-------+ V100 to V200
Implementations ,---. +--------+
+~~~~~~~~~~~/ \~~~~~~| Remote |
+------->-----F2->-| / \ |->---. |
| +---------+ | Tunnel ( ) | | |
| | transmit|-F1->-| ID 1 | | |->. | |
| | Imp 1 | +~~~~~~~~~| |~~~~| | | |
| | receive |-<--+ | | | F1 F2 |
| +---------+ | |Internet | | | | |
*-------<-----+ F1 | | | | | |
+---------+ | | +~~~~~~~~~| |~~~~| | | |
| transmit|-* *-| | | |<-* | |
| Imp 2 | | Tunnel ( ) | | |
| receive |-<-F2-| ID 2 \ / |<----* |
+---------+ +~~~~~~~~~~~\ /~~~~~~| Switch |
`-+-' +--------+
0 8 16 24 32 40 48
+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+--
| a1 | a2 | a3 | a4 | a1 | a2 | ...
+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+--
IPv4 Address 1 IPv4 Address 2 ...
+-+-+-+-+-+ +-+-+-+-+-+
| | IPsec | |
Protected |Tunnel | tunnel |Tunnel | Protected
Subnet <-->|Endpoint |<---------->|Endpoint |<--> Subnet
| | | |
+-+-+-+-+-+ +-+-+-+-+-+
+-+-+-+-+-+ +-+-+-+-+-+
| | IPsec transport | |
|Protected| or tunnel mode SA |Protected|
|Endpoint |<---------------------------------------->|Endpoint |
| | | |
+-+-+-+-+-+ +-+-+-+-+-+
+-+-+-+-+-+ +-+-+-+-+-+
| | IPsec | | Protected
|Protected| tunnel |Tunnel | Subnet
|Endpoint |<------------------------>|Endpoint |<--- and/or
| | | | Internet
+-+-+-+-+-+ +-+-+-+-+-+
+------+ +------+ +------+ +------+
|Client| IP1 | NAT | IPN1 IPN2 | NAT | IP2 |Server|
|node |<------>| A |<---------->| B |<------->| |
+------+ +------+ +------+ +------+
SA Payload
|
+--- Proposal #1 ( Proto ID = ESP(3), SPI size = 4,
| | 7 transforms, SPI = 0x052357bb )
| |
| +-- Transform ENCR ( Name = ENCR_AES_CBC )
| | +-- Attribute ( Key Length = 128 )
| |
| +-- Transform ENCR ( Name = ENCR_AES_CBC )
| | +-- Attribute ( Key Length = 192 )
| |
| +-- Transform ENCR ( Name = ENCR_AES_CBC )
| | +-- Attribute ( Key Length = 256 )
| |
| +-- Transform INTEG ( Name = AUTH_HMAC_SHA1_96 )
| +-- Transform INTEG ( Name = AUTH_AES_XCBC_96 )
| +-- Transform ESN ( Name = ESNs )
| +-- Transform ESN ( Name = No ESNs )
|
+--- Proposal #2 ( Proto ID = ESP(3), SPI size = 4,
| 4 transforms, SPI = 0x35a1d6f2 )
|
+-- Transform ENCR ( Name = AES-GCM with a 8 octet ICV )
| +-- Attribute ( Key Length = 128 )
|
+-- Transform ENCR ( Name = AES-GCM with a 8 octet ICV )
| +-- Attribute ( Key Length = 256 )
|
+-- Transform ESN ( Name = ESNs )
+-- Transform ESN ( Name = No ESNs )
+---------+
|Service A|
+---+-----+
| +---------+
|CPI |Service B|
| +-+-------+
| |CPI
+----------+ +-+------+-------+ +------------+
| Customer |-----|Network Provider|-----|Peer Network|
+----------+ CPI +----------------+ CPI +------------+
+----------------+
| Customer |
+-------+--------+
+ CPI
+-------+--------+
|Network Provider|
+----------------+
.--. .--.. .--..--.
( '.--.
.-.' Customer Infrastructure'.-.
( )
+-------------+ +-------------+
|Customer Node|.--. .--.. .--.|Customer Node|
+-------------+ +-------------+
| |
+--------------+ +--------------+
|Provider Node |.--. .--.. . |Provider Node |
+--------------+ +--------------+
( )
.-.' Network '.-.
( )
( . . . . . .)
'.-_-.'.-_-._.'.-_-.'.-_-.'.--.'
.--. .--.. .--..--.
( '.--.
.-.' Customer Infrastructure'.-.
( )
+-------------+ +-------------+
|Customer Node|.--. .--.. .--.|Customer Node|
+-------------+ +-------------+
| |
+-----------------------------------+
| Provider Node |
+-----------------------------------+
( )
.-.' Network '.-.
( )
( . . . . . .)
'.-_-.'.-_-._.'.-_-.'.-_-.'.--.'
.--. .--.. .--..--.
( '.--.
.-.' Customer Infrastructure'.-.
( )
+-------------+ +-------------+
|Customer Node|.--. .--.. .--.|Customer Node|
+-------------+ +-------------+
| |
+--------------+ +--------------+
|Provider Node | |Provider Node |
+--------------+ +--------------+
( .--.) ( .--.)
.-.' Network A '.-. .-.' Network B '.-.
( ) ( )
(. . . .) (. . . .)
'.-_-.'.-_-._..' '.-_-.'.-_-._..'
P
|<---------------------------->| (D1)
| B |
| |<------------------------->|
| | |
+--+-----+-----+...+-----+-----+--+ P: Babel packet
|H |some |some | |some |some |T | H: Babel packet header
| |TLV |TLV | |TLV |TLV | | B: Babel packet body
| | | | | | | | T: optional trailing data block
+--+-----+-----+...+-----+-----+--+
P
|<----------------------------------------------------->| (D2)
| B |
| |<-------------------------------------------------->|
| | |
+--+-----+-----+...+-----+-----+------+------+...+------+--+
|H |some |some | |some |some |TS/PC |HMAC | |HMAC |T |
| |TLV |TLV | |TLV |TLV |TLV |TLV 1 | |TLV n | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
+--+-----+-----+...+-----+-----+------+------+...+------+--+
P
|<----------------------------------------------------->| (D3)
| B |
| |<-------------------------------------------------->|
| | |
+--+------+------+...+------+-----+-----+...+-----+-----+--+
|H |TS/PC |HMAC | |HMAC |some |some | |some |some |T |
| |TLV |TLV 1 | |TLV n |TLV |TLV | |TLV |TLV | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
+--+------+------+...+------+-----+-----+...+-----+-----+--+
P
|<------------------------------------------------------------>| (D4)
| B |
| |<--------------------------------------------------------->|
| | |
+--+-----+------+-----+------+...+-----+------+...+------+-----+--+
|H |some |HMAC |some |HMAC | |some |HMAC | |TS/PC |some |T |
| |TLV |TLV 1 |TLV |TLV 2 | |TLV |TLV n | |TLV |TLV | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
+--+-----+------+-----+------+...+-----+------+...+------+-----+--+
ClientHello --------> ServerHello
(ALPN extension & (ALPN extension &
list of protocols) selected protocol)
Certificate*
ServerKeyExchange*
CertificateRequest*
<-------- ServerHelloDone
Certificate*
ClientKeyExchange
CertificateVerify*
[ChangeCipherSpec]
Finished -------->
[ChangeCipherSpec]
<-------- Finished
Application Data <-------> Application Data
ClientHello --------> ServerHello
(ALPN extension & (ALPN extension &
list of protocols) selected protocol)
[ChangeCipherSpec]
<-------- Finished
[ChangeCipherSpec]
Finished -------->
Application Data <-------> Application Data
______________________
\ /
\ Applications /
\ /
\ /
\ /
\__________/
| HTTP(s)|
|________|
/ \
/ TCP/IP \
/______________\
/ MPLS/ \
/ Framing \
/____________________\
/ Physical \
/________________________\
-------+-----------+-------+------+-------+---------+-------------
RDMA | Message | Tagged| STag | Queue | In- | Message
Opcode | Type | Flag | and | Number| validate| Length
| | | TO | | STag | Communicated
| | | | | | between DDP
| | | | | | and RDMAP
-------+-----------+-------+------+-------+---------+-------------
1000b | Immediate | 0 | N/A | 0 | N/A | Yes
| Data | | | | |
-------+-----------+----------------------------------------------
1001b | Immediate | 0 | N/A | 0 | N/A | Yes
| Data with | | | | |
| SE | | | | |
-------+-----------+----------------------------------------------
1010b | Atomic | 0 | N/A | 1 | N/A | Yes
| Request | | | | |
-------+-----------+----------------------------------------------
1011b | Atomic | 0 | N/A | 3 | N/A | Yes
| Response | | | | |
-------+-----------+----------------------------------------------
-------+-----------+-------------------+-------------------------
RDMA | Message | RDMA Header Used | ULP Message allowed in
Message| Type | | the RDMA Message
OpCode | | |
| | |
-------+-----------+-------------------+-------------------------
1000b | Immediate | Immediate Data | No
| Data | Header |
-------+-----------+-------------------+-------------------------
1001b | Immediate | Immediate Data | No
| Data with | Header |
| SE | |
-------+-----------+-------------------+-------------------------
1010b | Atomic | Atomic Request | No
| Request | Header |
-------+-----------+-------------------+-------------------------
1011b | Atomic | Atomic Response | No
| Response | Header |
-------+-----------+-------------------+-------------------------
---------+-----------+----------+----------+---------+---------
Atomic | Atomic | Add or | Add or | Compare | Compare
Operation| Operation | Swap | Swap | Data | Mask
Code | | Data | Mask | |
---------+-----------+----------+----------+---------+---------
0000b | FetchAdd | Add Data | Add Mask | N/A | N/A
---------+-----------+----------+----------+---------+---------
0010b | CmpSwap | Swap Data| Swap Mask| Valid | Valid
---------+-----------+-----------------------------------------
---------+----------+-------------+-------------+------------------
First | Second | Placement | Placement | Ordering
Operation| Operation| Guarantee at| Guarantee at| Guarantee at
| | Remote Peer | Local Peer | Remote Peer
---------+----------+-------------+-------------+------------------
Immediate| Send | No Placement| Not | Completed in
Data | | Guarantee | Applicable | Order
| | between Send| |
| | Payload and | |
| | Immediate | |
| | Data | |
---------+----------+-------------+-------------+------------------
Immediate| RDMA | No Placement| Not | Not
Data | Write | Guarantee | Applicable | Applicable
| | between RDMA| |
| | Write | |
| | Payload and | |
| | Immediate | |
| | Data | |
---------+----------+-------------+-------------+------------------
Immediate| RDMA | No Placement| RDMA Read | RDMA Read
Data | Read | Guarantee | Response | Response
| | between | will not be | Message will
| | Immediate | Placed until| not be
| | Data and | Immediate | generated
| | RDMA Read | Data is | until
| | Request | Placed at | Immediate Data
| | | Remote Peer | has been
| | | | Completed
---------+----------+-------------+-------------+------------------
Immediate| Atomic | No Placement| Atomic | Atomic
Data | | Guarantee | Response | Response
| | between | will not be | Message will
| | Immediate | Placed until| not be
| | Data and | Immediate | generated
| | Atomic | Data is | until
| | Request | Placed at | Immediate Data
| | | Remote Peer | has been
| | | | Completed
---------+----------+-------------+-------------+------------------
Immediate| Immediate| No Placement| Not | Completed in
Data or | Data | Guarantee | Applicable | Order
Send | | | |
---------+----------+-------------+-------------+------------------
RDMA | Immediate| No Placement| Not | Immediate Data
Write | Data | Guarantee | Applicable | is Completed
| | | | after RDMA
| | | | Write is Placed
| | | | and Delivered
---------+----------+-------------+-------------+------------------
RDMA Read| Immediate| No Placement| Immediate | Not Applicable
| Data | Guarantee | Data MAY be |
| | between | Placed |
| | Immediate | before |
| | Data and | RDMA Read |
| | RDMA Read | Response is |
| | Request | generated |
---------+----------+-------------+-------------+------------------
Atomic | Immediate| No Placement| Immediate | Not Applicable
| Data | Guarantee | Data MAY be |
| | between | Placed |
| | Immediate | before |
| | Data and | Atomic |
| | Atomic | Response is |
| | Request | generated |
---------+----------+-------------+-------------+------------------
Atomic | Send | No Placement| Send Payload| Not Applicable
| | Guarantee | MAY be |
| | between Send| Placed |
| | Payload and | before |
| | Atomic | Atomic |
| | Request | Response is |
| | | generated |
---------+----------+-------------+-------------+------------------
Atomic | RDMA | No Placement| RDMA Write | Not
| Write | Guarantee | Payload MAY | Applicable
| | between RDMA| be Placed |
| | Write | before |
| | Payload and | Atomic |
| | Atomic | Response is |
| | Request | generated |
---------+----------+-------------+-------------+------------------
Atomic | RDMA | No Placement| No Placement| RDMA Read
| Read | Guarantee | Guarantee | Response
| | between | between | Message will
| | Atomic | Atomic | not be
| | Request and | Response | generated
| | RDMA Read | and RDMA | until Atomic
| | Request | Read | Response Message
| | | Response | has been
| | | | generated
---------+----------+-------------+-------------+------------------
Atomic | Atomic | Placed in | No Placement| Second Atomic
| | order | Guarantee | Request
| | | between two | Message will
| | | Atomic | not be
| | | Responses | processed
| | | | until first
| | | | Atomic Response
| | | | has been
| | | | generated
---------+----------+-------------+-------------+------------------
Send | Atomic | No Placement| Atomic | Atomic Response
| | Guarantee | Response | Message will not
| | between Send| will not be | be generated
| | Payload and | Placed at | until Send has
| | Atomic | the Local | been Completed
| | Request | Peer until |
| | | Send Payload|
| | | is Placed |
| | | at the |
| | | Remote Peer |
---------+----------+-------------+-------------+------------------
RDMA | Atomic | No Placement| Atomic | Not
Write | | Guarantee | Response | Applicable
| | between RDMA| will not be |
| | Write | Placed at |
| | Payload and | the Local |
| | Atomic | Peer until |
| | Request | RDMA Write |
| | | Payload |
| | | is Placed |
| | | at the |
| | | Remote Peer |
---------+----------+-------------+-------------+------------------
RDMA | Atomic | No Placement| No Placement| Atomic Response
Read | | Guarantee | Guarantee | Message will
| | between | between | not be generated
| | Atomic | Atomic | until RDMA
| | Request and | Response | Read Response
| | RDMA Read | and RDMA | has been
| | Request | Read | generated
| | | Response |
---------+----------+-------------+-------------+------------------
channels description channel
1 2 3 4 5 6
___________________________________________________
2 stereo l r
3 l r c
4 l c r S
5 Fl Fr Fc Sl Sr
6 l lc c r rc S
+-------------------------------------------------+
| private network |
+------------+ |<===========traffic============>+------------+ |
| enterprise | | (enterprise 1) | | |
| 1 +-----+--------------------------------+ hosted | |
| site 1 | | | enterprise | |
+------------+ | +-----+ service | |
| public | | enterprise | |
/--\ |<=========network========>| +--+ 1 | |
o /\ o | traffic | | | | |
/ \----------+--------------------------+ | | | |
+----+ | | +------------+ |
public | | |
phone | | |
| private network | |
/--\ |<===========traffic=========>| |
o /\ o | (enterprise 1) | |
/ \----------+-----------------------------+ |
+----+ | |
enterprise | |
phone | |
+-------------------------------------------------+
+--rw system
| +--rw clock
| | +--rw (timezone)?
| | +--:(timezone-name)
| | | +--rw timezone-name? timezone-name
| | +--:(timezone-utc-offset)
| | +--rw timezone-utc-offset? int16
| +--rw ntp!
| +--rw enabled? boolean
| +--rw server* [name]
| +--rw name string
| +--rw (transport)
| | +--:(udp)
| | +--rw udp
| | +--rw address inet:host
| | +--rw port? inet:port-number
| +--rw association-type? enumeration
| +--rw iburst? boolean
| +--rw prefer? boolean
+--ro system-state
+--ro clock
+--ro current-datetime? yang:date-and-time
+--ro boot-datetime? yang:date-and-time
+--rw system
+--rw dns-resolver
+--rw search* inet:domain-name
+--rw server* [name]
| +--rw name string
| +--rw (transport)
| +--:(udp-and-tcp)
| +--udp-and-tcp
| +--rw address inet:ip-address
| +--rw port? inet:port-number
+--rw options
+--rw timeout? uint8
+--rw attempts? uint8
+--rw system
+--rw radius
+--rw server* [name]
| +--rw name string
| +--rw (transport)
| | +--:(udp)
| | +--rw udp
| | +--rw address inet:host
| | +--rw authentication-port? inet:port-number
| | +--rw shared-secret string
| +--rw authentication-type? identityref
+--rw options
+--rw timeout? uint8
+--rw attempts? uint8
id | hash function | feature
---+---------------+-------------------
1 | MD5 | crypt-hash-md5
5 | SHA-256 | crypt-hash-sha-256
6 | SHA-512 | crypt-hash-sha-512
+---------+---------+---------+
| Kind=3 |Length=3 |shift.cnt|
+---------+---------+---------+
1 1 1
+-------+-------+---------------------+---------------------+
|Kind=8 | 10 | TS Value (TSval) |TS Echo Reply (TSecr)|
+-------+-------+---------------------+---------------------+
1 1 4 4
TS.Recent
<A, TSval=1> ------------------->
1
<B, TSval=2> ------------------->
1
<C, TSval=3> ------------------->
1
<---- <ACK(C), TSecr=1>
(etc.)
TS.Recent
<A, TSval=1> ------------------->
1
<---- <ACK(A), TSecr=1>
1
<C, TSval=3> ------------------->
1
<---- <ACK(A), TSecr=1>
1
<B, TSval=2> ------------------->
2
<---- <ACK(C), TSecr=2>
2
<E, TSval=5> ------------------->
2
<---- <ACK(C), TSecr=2>
2
<D, TSval=4> ------------------->
4
<---- <ACK(E), TSecr=4>
(etc.)
+--------------------------+
| Energy Management System |
+--------------------------+
^ ^
monitoring | | control
v v
+---------+
| device |
+---------+
+-----------------------------------------+
| Energy Management System |
+-----------------------------------------+
^ ^ ^ ^
monitoring | | control monitoring | | control
v v v v
+--------------+ +-----------------+
| power source |########| device |
+--------------+ +-----------------+
+---------------------------------------+
| Energy Management System |
+---------------------------------------+
^ ^ ^ ^
monitoring | | control monitoring | | control
v v v v
+--------+ +------------------+
| power |########| device 1 |
| source | # +------------------+-+
+--------+ #######| device 2 |
# +------------------+-+
#######| device 3 |
+------------------+
+----------------------------------------------+
| Energy Management System |
+----------------------------------------------+
^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
mon. | | ctrl. mon. | | ctrl. mon. | | ctrl.
v v v v v v
+----------+ +----------+ +----------+
| power |######| device |######| power |
| source 1 | | | | source 2 |
+----------+ +----------+ +----------+
+-------+------+ poweredBy +------+----------+
| PDU Y | PI 8 |-----------------| PI 1 | Device W |
+-------+------+ powers +------+----------+
+----------+ poweredBy +------------+
| PDU Y |-----------------| Device W |
+----------+ powers +------------+
+-------+------+ poweredBy+------+----------+
| | PI 8 |-----------------| PI 1 | |
| | |powers | | |
| PDU Y +------+ poweredBy+------+ Device X |
| | PI 9 |-----------------| PI 2 | |
| | |powers | | |
+-------+------+ +------+----------+
+----------+ poweredBy +------------+
| PDU Y |-----------------| Device X |
+----------+ powers +------------+
+----------+ poweredBy +------------+
| PDU Y |---------------------| Device X |
+----------+ powers +------------+
+----------+ poweredBy +------------+
| PDU Z |---------------------| Device X |
+----------+ powers +------------+
+-----+---+ meteredBy +--------+ poweredBy +-------+
|Meter| PI|--------------| switch |-------------| phone |
+-----+---+ meters +--------+ powers +-------+
| |
| meteredBy |
+-------------------------------------------+
meters
+-------------------+ pandoc +---------+
| ALMOST PLAIN TEXT | ------> | DOCBOOK |
+-------------------+ 1 +---------+
| |
non-existent | 2 | xsltproc
faster way | |
v v
+------------+ xml2rfc +---------+
| PLAIN TEXT | <-------- | XML |
+------------+ 3 +---------+
+-----+ +-------+ +-------+ +-----+ +-------+
|Alice| |B2BUA-1| |B2BUA-2| | Bob | |Charlie|
+-----+ +-------+ +-------+ +-----+ +-------+
| | | | |
|INVITE | | | |
|callid:1a |callid:1b | | |
|----------->|----------------------->|INVITE |
|sessid:1 |sessid:1 | |callid:2a |
| | | |----------->|
| | | |sessid:2 |
| | | | |
| | | |REFER |
| | | |referto:1b |
| | | |----------->|
| | | | |
| | | | INVITE|
| | | | replaces:1b|
| | X<-----------------------|
| | INVITE| | sessid:1|
| | replaces:1b| | |
X<------------------------| | |
| | sessid:1| | |
+-----+ +-------+ +----+ +-------+ +-----+
|Alice| |B2BUA-1| | AS | |B2BUA-2| | Bob |
+-----+ +-------+ +----+ +-------+ +-----+
| | | | |
|INVITE | | | |
|callid:1a |callid:1b |callid:1c |callid:1d |
|----------->|----------->|---------->|----------->|
|sessid:1 |sessid:1 |sessid:1 |sessid:1 |
| | | | |
|INVITE | | | |
|callid:2a |callid:2b | | |
|----------->|----------->| | |
|sessid:2 |sessid:2 |re-INVITE | |
|RL<sessid:1>|RL<sessid:1>|callid:1c |callid:1d |
| | |---------->|----------->|
| | |sessid:1 |sessid:1 |
| | | | |
+------+ +------+ +------+ +------+
| FM | | FM | | FM | | FM |
+------+ +------+ +------+ +------+
|
+----+
| MN |
+----+
+----------------+
| |Domain D1
| R |
| |
| A |
| |
+-B------------C-+
/ \
/ \
/ \
Domain D2 / \ Domain D3
+-------------D--+ +-----E----------+
| | | |
| F | | |
| G | | H |
| | | |
| | | |
+-I--------------+ +-J------------K-+
/\ / \
/ \ / \
/ \ / \
/ \ / \
/ \ / \
/ \ / \
/ Domain D4 \ Domain D5 / Domain D6 \
+-L-------------W+ +------P---------+ +-----------T----+
| | | | | |
| | | Q | | U |
| M O | | S | | |
| | | | | V |
| N | | R | | |
+----------------+ +----------------+ +----------------+
(R)
|
(A)
/ \
/ \
(B) (C)
/ \
/ \
(D) (E)
/ |
/ |
|PK1| |PK2|
/ / \
/ / \
(I) (J) (K)
/ \ / \
/ \ / \
(L) (W) (P) (T)
--------
/ \
| CSP |
\ /
--------
*
*
* /\
* / \
---------------------- |CDNI| ----------------------
/ Upstream CDN \ | | / Downstream CDN \
| +-------------+ | | CI | | +-------------+ |
|******* Control |<======|====|=======>| Control *******|
|* +------*----*-+ | | | | +-*----*------+ *|
|* * * | | | | * * *|
|* +------*------+ | | LI | | +------*------+ *|
|* ***** Logging |<======|====|=======>| Logging ***** *|
|* * +-*-----------+ | | | | +-----------*-+ * *|
|* * * * | | | | * * * *|
.....*...+-*---------*-+ | | RI | | +-*---------*-+...*.*...
. |* * | |<======|====|=======>| | * *| .
. |* * | Req-Routing | | |FCI | | | Req-Routing | * *| .
. |* * *** |<======|====|=======>| |** * *| .
. |* * * +-------------+.| | | | +-------------+ * * *| .
. |* * * . | | | * * *| .
. |* * * +-------------+ |. | MI | | +-------------+ * * *| .
. |* * * | Distribution|<==.===|====|=======>| Distribution| * * *| .
. |* * * | | | . \ / | | | * * *| .
. |* * * |+---------+ | | . \/ | | +---------+| * * *| .
. |* * ***| +---------+| | ...Request......+---------+ |*** * *| .
. |* *****+-|Surrogate|***********************|Surrogate|-+***** *| .
. |******* +---------+| | Acquisition | |+----------+ *******| .
. | +-------------+ | | +-------*-----+ | .
. \ / \ * / .
. ---------------------- ---------*------------ .
. * .
. * Delivery .
. * .
. +--*---+ .
...............Request............................| User |..Request..
| Agent|
+------+
End User Operator B Operator A
| | |
| | |
| | [Async FCI Push] | (1)
| | |
| | [MI pre-positioning] | (2)
| | |
| CONTENT REQUEST | |
|-------------------------------------------------->| (3)
| | |
| | [Sync RI Pull] | (4)
| | |
| CONTENT REQUEST REDIRECTION |
|<--------------------------------------------------| (5)
| | |
| | |
| CONTENT REQUEST | |
|------------------------>| | (6)
| | |
| | [Sync MI Pull] | (7)
| | |
| | ACQUISITION REQUEST |
| X------------------------>| (8)
| X |
| X CONTENT DATA |
| X<------------------------| (9)
| | |
| CONTENT DATA | |
|<------------------------| | (10)
| | |
: : :
: [Other content requests] :
: : :
| | [CI: Content Purge] | (11)
: : :
| | [LI: Log exchange] | (12)
| | |
End User Operator B Operator A
|DNS cdn.csp.example | |
|-------------------------------------------------->|
| | |(1)
|IPaddr of A's Request Router |
|<--------------------------------------------------|
|HTTP cdn.csp.example | |
|-------------------------------------------------->|
| | |(2)
|302 peer-a.op-b.example/cdn.csp.example |
|<--------------------------------------------------|
|DNS peer-a.op-b.example | |
|------------------------>| |
| |(3) |
|IPaddr of B's Request Router |
|<------------------------| |
| | |
|HTTP peer-a.op-b.example/cdn.csp.example |
|------------------------>| |
| |(4) |
|302 node1.peer-a.op-b.example/cdn.csp.example |
|<------------------------| |
|DNS node1.peer-a.op-b.example |
|------------------------>| |
| |(5) |
|IPaddr of B's Delivery Node |
|<------------------------| |
| | |
|HTTP node1.peer-a.op-b.example/cdn.csp.example |
|------------------------>| |
| |(6) |
| |DNS op-b-acq.op-a.example|
| |------------------------>|
| | |(7)
| |IPaddr of A's Request Router
| |<------------------------|
| |HTTP op-b-acq.op-a.example
| |------------------------>|
| | |(8)
| |302 node2.op-b-acq.op-a.example
| |<------------------------|
| |DNS node2.op-b-acq.op-a.example
| |------------------------>|
| | |(9)
| |IPaddr of A's Delivery Node
| |<------------------------|
| | |
| |HTTP node2.op-b-acq.op-a.example
| |------------------------>|
| | |(10)
| |Data |
| |<------------------------|
|Data | |
|<------------------------| |
End User Operator B Operator A
|DNS cdn.csp.example | |
|-------------------------------------------------->|
| | |(1)
|IPaddr of A's Request Router |
|<--------------------------------------------------|
|HTTP cdn.csp.example | |
|-------------------------------------------------->|
| | |(2)
| |RR/RI REQ cdn.csp.example|
| |<------------------------|
| | |
| |RR/RI RESP node1.op-b.example
| |------------------------>|
| | |(3)
|302 node1.op-b.example/cdn.csp.example |
|<--------------------------------------------------|
|DNS node1.op-b.example | |
|------------------------>| |
| |(4) |
|IPaddr of B's Delivery Node |
|<------------------------| |
|HTTP node1.op-b.example/cdn.csp.example |
|------------------------>| |
| |(5) |
| |DNS op-b-acq.op-a.example|
| |------------------------>|
| | |(6)
| |IPaddr of A's Request Router
| |<------------------------|
| |HTTP op-b-acq.op-a.example
| |------------------------>|
| | |(7)
| |302 node2.op-b-acq.op-a.example
| |<------------------------|
| |DNS node2.op-b-acq.op-a.example
| |------------------------>|
| | |(8)
| |IPaddr of A's Delivery Node
| |<------------------------|
| | |
| |HTTP node2.op-b-acq.op-a.example
| |------------------------>|
| | |(9)
| |Data |
| |<------------------------|
|Data | |
|<------------------------| |
End User Operator B Operator A
|DNS cdn.csp.example | |
|-------------------------------------------------->|
| | |(1)
|CNAME b.cdn.csp.example | |
|<--------------------------------------------------|
| | |
|DNS b.cdn.csp.example | |
|-------------------------------------------------->|
| | |(2)
|NS records for b.cdn.csp.example + |
|Glue AAAA/A records for b.cdn.csp.example |
|<--------------------------------------------------|
| | |
|DNS b.cdn.csp.example | |
|------------------------>| |
| |(3) |
|IPaddr of B's Delivery Node |
|<------------------------| |
|HTTP cdn.csp.example | |
|------------------------>| |
| |(4) |
| |DNS op-b-acq.op-a.example|
| |------------------------>|
| | |(5)
| |IPaddr of A's Delivery Node
| |<------------------------|
| |HTTP op-b-acq.op-a.example
| |------------------------>|
| | |(6)
| |Data |
| |<------------------------|
|Data | |
|<------------------------| |
End User Operator B Operator A
|DNS cdn.csp.example | |
|-------------------------------------------------->|
| | |(1)
| | RI REQ op-b.example |
| |<------------------------|
| | |(2)
| | RI REPLY |
| |------------------------>|
| | |(3)
|CNAME b.cdn.csp.example | |
|NS records for b.cdn.csp.example |
|<--------------------------------------------------|
|DNS b.cdn.csp.example | |
|------------------------>| |
| |(2) |
|IPaddr of B's Delivery Node |
|<------------------------| |
|HTTP cdn.csp.example | |
|------------------------>| |
| |(3) |
| |DNS op-b-acq.op-a.example|
| |------------------------>|
| | |(4)
| |IPaddr of A's Delivery Node
| |<------------------------|
| |HTTP op-b-acq.op-a.example
| |------------------------>|
| | |(5)
| |Data |
| |<------------------------|
|Data | |
|<------------------------| |
End User Operator B Operator A
| |CI purge cdn.csp.example/...
| |<------------------------|
| | |
| |CI OK |
| |------------------------>|
| | |
| |CI pre-position cdn.csp.example/...
| |<------------------------|
| | |(1)
| |CI OK |
| |------------------------>|
| | |
| |DNS op-b-acq.op-a.example|
| |------------------------>|
| | |(2)
| |IPaddr of A's Delivery Node
| |<------------------------|
| |HTTP op-b-acq.op-a.example
| |------------------------>|
| | |(3)
| |Data |
| |<------------------------|
|DNS cdn.csp.example | |
|--------------------------------------------->|
| | |(4)
|IPaddr of A's Request Router |
|<---------------------------------------------|
|HTTP cdn.csp.example| |
|--------------------------------------------->|
| | |(5)
|302 peer-a.op-b.example/cdn.csp.example |
|<---------------------------------------------|
|DNS peer-a.op-b.example |
|------------------->| |
| |(6) |
|IPaddr of B's Delivery Node |
|<-------------------| |
|HTTP peer-a.op-b.example/cdn.csp.example |
|------------------->| |
| |(7) |
|Data | |
|<-------------------| |
End User Operator B Operator A
| | |
| |CI pre-position (Trigger)|
| |<------------------------|(1)
| | |
| |CI OK |
| |------------------------>|(2)
| | |
| |MI pull REQ |
| |------------------------>|(3)
| | |
| |MI metadata REP |(4)
| | |
| | |
| CONTENT REQUEST | |
|-------------------------------------------------->|(5)
| | |
| | RI REQ |
| |<------------------------|(6)
| | |
| | RI RESP |
| |------------------------>|(7)
| | |
| CONTENT REDIRECTION | |
|<--------------------------------------------------|(8)
| | |
| CONTENT REQUEST | |
|------------------------>|(9) |
| | |
: : :
| CONTENT DATA | |
|<------------------------| |(10)
End User Operator B Operator A
| | |
| CONTENT REQUEST | |
|-------------------------------------------------->|(1)
| | |
| | RI REQ |
| (2)|<------------------------|
| | |
| | MI REQ |
| (3)|------------------------>|
| | MI RESP |
| |<------------------------|(4)
| | |
| | RI RESP |
| |------------------------>|(5)
| | |
| | |
| CONTENT REDIRECTION | |
|<--------------------------------------------------|(6)
| | |
| CONTENT REQUEST | |
|------------------------>|(7) |
| | |
| | MI REQ |
| (8)|------------------------>|
| | MI RESP |
| |<------------------------|(9)
| | |
: : :
| CONTENT DATA | |
|<------------------------| |(10)
##################################### ##################
# # # #
# Organization A # # Organization B #
# # # #
# -------- ------------- # # ----------- #
# / CSP \ / uCDN \ # # / dCDN \ #
# | | | +----+ | # # | +----+ | #
# | | | | C | | # # | | C | | #
# | | | +----+ | # # | +----+ | #
# | | | +----+ | # # | +----+ | #
# | | | | L | | # # | | L | | #
# | |*****| +----+ |===CDNI===>| +----+ | #
# | | | +----+ | # # | +----+ | #
# | | | | RR | | # # | | RR | | #
# | | | +----+ | # # | +----+ | #
# | | | +----+ | # # | +----+ | #
# | | | | D | | # # | | D | | #
# | | | +----+ | # # | +----+ | #
# \ / \ / # # \ / #
# -------- ------------- # # ----------- #
# # # #
##################################### ##################
##################################### ##################
# # # #
# Organization A # # Organization B #
# # # #
# -------- ------------- # # ----------- #
# / CSP \ / uCDN(RR) \ # # / dCDN(RR) \ #
# | | | +----+ | # # | +----+ | #
# | |*****| | RR |==========CDNI=====>| RR | | #
# | | | +----+ | # RR # | +----+ | #
# | | \ / # # | | #
# | | ------------- # # |uCDN(C,L,D)| #
# | | # # | +----+ | #
# | | # # | | C | | #
# | |*******************************| +----+ | #
# | | # # | +----+ | #
# | | # # | | L | | #
# | | # # | +----+ | #
# | | # # | +----+ | #
# | | # # | | D | | #
# | | # # | +----+ | #
# \ / # # \ / #
# -------- # # ----------- #
# # # #
##################################### ##################
---------- ---------
/ CDN A \ / CDN B \
| +----+ | | +----+ |
//========>| C |<==============CDNI============>| C |<==========\\
|| | +----+ | C | +----+ | ||
|| | +----+ | | +----+ | ||
|| //=====>| D |<==============CDNI============>| D |<=======\\ ||
|| || | +----+ | M | +----+ | || ||
|| || | | /------------\ | | || ||
|| || | +----+ | | +--+ CDN Ex| | +----+ | || ||
|| || //==>| RR |<===CDNI==>|RR|<=======CDNI====>| RR |<====\\ || ||
|| || || | +----+ | RR | +--+ | RR | +----+ | || || ||
|| || || | | | /\ | | | || || ||
|| || || | +----+ | | || +---+ | | +----+ | || || ||
|| || || | | L |<===CDNI=======>| L |<=CDNI====>| L | | || || ||
|| || || | +----+ | L | || +---+ | L | +----+ | || || ||
|| || || \ / \ || /\ / \ / || || ||
|| || || ----------- --||----||-- ----------- || || ||
|| || || || || || || ||
|| || || CDNI RR || || || ||
|| || || || CDNI L || || ||
|| || || || || || || ||
|| || || ---||----||---- || || ||
|| || || / \/ || \ || || ||
|| || || | +----+ || | || || ||
|| || \\=====CDNI==========>| RR |<=============CDNI========// || ||
|| || RR | +----+ \/ | RR || ||
|| || | +----+ | || ||
|| || | | L | | || ||
|| || | +----+ | || ||
|| || | +----+ | || ||
|| \\=======CDNI===========>| D |<=============CDNI===========// ||
|| M | +----+ | M ||
|| | +----+ | ||
\\==========CDNI===========>| C |<=============CDNI==============//
C | +----+ | C
\ CDN C /
--------------
--------
/ \
| CSP |
\ /
--------
*
*
* /\
* / \
---------------------- |CDNI| ----------------------
/ Upstream CDN \ | | / Downstream CDN \
| +-------------+ | | CI | | +-------------+ |
|******* Control |<======|====|=======>| Control *******|
|* +------*----*-+ | | | | +-*----*------+ *|
|* * * | | | | * * *|
|* +------*------+ | | LI | | +------*------+ *|
|* ***** Logging |<======|====|=======>| Logging ***** *|
|* * +-*-----------+ | | | | +-----------*-+ * *|
|* * * * | | | | * * * *|
.....*...+-*---------*-+ | | RI | | +-*---------*-+...*.*...
. |* * | |<======|====|=======>| | * *| .
. |* * | Req-Routing | | |FCI | | | Req-Routing | * *| .
. |* * *** |<======|====|=======>| |** * *| .
. |* * * +-------------+.| | | | +-------------+ * * *| .
. |* * * . | | | * * *| .
. |* * * +-------------+ |. | MI | | +-------------+ * * *| .
. |* * * | Distribution|<==.===|====|=======>| Distribution| * * *| .
. |* * * | | | . \ / | | | * * *| .
. |* * * |+---------+ | | . \/ | | +---------+| * * *| .
. |* * ***| +---------+| | ...Request......+---------+ |*** * *| .
. |* *****+-|Surrogate|***********************|Surrogate|-+***** *| .
. |******* +---------+| | Acquisition | |+----------+ *******| .
. | +-------------+ | | +-------*-----+ | .
. \ / \ * / .
. ---------------------- ---------*------------ .
. * .
. * Delivery .
. * .
. +--*---+ .
...............Request............................| User |..Request..
| Agent|
+------+
|<-------------P2MP PW------------->|
Native | | Native
ROOT Service | |<----P2MP PSN tunnel --->| | Service LEAF
V (AC) V V V V (AC) V
| +----+ +-----+ +----+ |
| |PE1 | | P |=========|PE2 |AC2 | +----+
| | | | ......PW1.......>|---------->|CE2 |
| | | | . |=========| | | +----+
| | | | . | +----+ |
| | |=========| . | |
| | | | . | +----+ |
+----+ | AC1 | | | . |=========|PE3 |AC3 | +----+
|CE1 |-------->|........PW1.............PW1.......>|---------->|CE3 |
+----+ | | | | . |=========| | | +----+
| | | | . | +----+ |
| | |=========| . | |
| | | | . | +----+AC4 | +----+
| | | | . |=========|PE4 |---------->|CE4 |
| | | | ......PW1.......>| | +----+
| | | | |=========| |AC5 | +----+
| | | | | | |---------->|CE5 |
| +----+ +-----+ +----+ | +----+
CE1
|
ROOT active PE1 standby
P2MP PW .../ \....P2MP PW
/ \
P2 P3
/ \ / \
/ \ / \
/ \ / \
LEAF PE4 PE5 PE6 PE7
| | | |
| \ / |
\ CE2 /
\ /
------CE3-----
CE1
/ \
| |
ROOT active PE1 PE2 standby
P2MP PW1 | | P2MP PW2
| |
P2 P3
/ \/ \
/ /\ \
/ / \ \
/ / \ \
LEAF PE4 PE5
| |
CE2 CE3
Pa ------- ------ Pb
\ /
: ------ +-------- P1 ------+------ :
/ L1 L2 \
: ------- ------ :
Header Field Parameter Name Predefined Values Reference
__________________________________________________________
Via oc Yes [RFC7339]
Via oc-validity Yes [RFC7339]
Via oc-seq Yes [RFC7339]
Via oc-algo Yes [RFC7339]
--------
//// \\\\
+--- >| PSTN |
| | |
| \\\\ ////
| --------
| |
| |
| |
+------------+ +--+----+ |
| IP-based | | PSTN | |
| SIP Phone | --+ VoIP +- v
| of Alice | / | GW | \ +---+---+
|+12121234567| // `''''''' \\| PSTN |
+------------+ // | \+ VoIP +
| /// | | GW |\
| //// | `'''''''\\ +------------+
| / | | \ | IP-based |
| | | | | | Phone |
+---->|---------------+ +------|---->| of Dan |
| | |+12039994321|
\ IP-based / +------------+
\\\\ Network ////
-------------------------
--------
//// \\\\
+->| PSTN |--+
| | | |
| \\\\ //// |
| -------- |
| |
| v
| +----+-------+
+---+------+ |PSTN / VoIP | +-----+
|PSTN Phone| |Gateway | |SIP |
|of Carl | +----+-------+ |UA |
+----------+ | |Alice|
INVITE +-----+
| ^
V |
+---------------+ INVITE
|VoIP | |
|Interconnection| INVITE +-------+
|Provider(s) |----------->+ |
+---------------+ |Alice's|
|VSP |
| |
+-------+
+-------+ +-----+ -C
|PSTN | |SIP | |a
|Phone |<----------------+ |UA | |l
|of Carl| | |Alice| |l
+-------+ | +-----+ |i
--------------------------- | |n
//// \\\\ | |g
| PSTN | INVITE |
| | | |P
\\\\ //// | |a
--------------------------- | |r
^ | |t
| v |y
+------------+ +--------+|
|PSTN / VoIP |<--INVITE----|VoIP ||D
|Gateway | |Service ||o
+------------+ |Provider||m
|of Alice||a
+--------+|i
-n
+----------+
|PSTN Phone|
-------- |of Alice |
//// \\\\ +----------+
+->| PSTN |------+ ^
| | | | |
| \\\\ //// | |
| -------- | --------
| v //// \\\\
| ,-------+ | PSTN |
| |PSTN | | |
+---+------+ __|VoIP GW|_ \\\\ ////
|PSTN Phone| / '`''''''' \ --------
|of Carl | // | \\ ^
+----------+ // | \\\ |
/// -. INVITE ----- |
//// `-. \\\\ |
/ `.. \ |
| IP-based `._ ,--+----+
| Network `.....>|VoIP |
| |PSTN GW|
\ '`'''''''
\\\\ ////
-------------------------
_____________ _____________
/ \ / \
| | | |
+--------+-+ IPv6 +-+-----------+-+ IPv6 +-+--------+
| DHCP 4o6 | Network | DHCPv6 | Network | DHCP 4o6 |
| Client +---------+ Relay Agent +---------+ Server |
| (on CPE) | | | | |
+--------+-+ +-+-----------+-+ +-+--------+
| | | |
\_____________/ \_____________/
Alice Proxies Bob
| (1) SIP INVITE | |
|----------------------->| |
| | (2) SIP INVITE |
| |----------------------->|
| | (3) DTLS ClientHello |
|<------------------------------------------------|
| (4) remaining messages of DTLS handshake |
|<----------------------------------------------->|
| | |
| | |
| | (5) SIP 200 OK |
| |<-----------------------|
| (6) SIP 200 OK | |
|<-----------------------| |
| (7) SIP ACK | |
|------------------------------------------------>|
| (8) T.38 message using UDPTL over DTLS |
|<----------------------------------------------->|
| | |
Alice Proxies Bob
| | |
| (1) Audio-only session initiation |
|<-----------------------+----------------------->|
| | |
| (2) SIP re-INVITE | |
|------------------------------------------------>|
| | (3) DTLS ClientHello |
|<------------------------------------------------|
| (4) remaining messages of DTLS handshake |
|<----------------------------------------------->|
| | |
| | |
| | (5) SIP 200 OK |
|<------------------------------------------------|
| (6) SIP ACK | |
|------------------------------------------------>|
| (7) T.38 message using UDPTL over DTLS |
|<----------------------------------------------->|
| | |
+-----------+ +-----------+
| |---------------------------------------| |
| -+---------------------------------------+- |
| / |---------------------------------------| \ |
| / | Working transport entity | \ |
--+-------> | | --------+->
| \ | | |
| \ |---------------------------------------| |
| -+---------------------------------------| |
| source |---------------------------------------| sink |
+-----------+ Protection transport entity +-----------+
(normal condition)
+-----------+ +-----------+
| |---------------------------------------| |
| -+------------------XX-------------------+ |
| / |---------------------------------------| |
| / | Working transport entity (failure) | |
--|-------> | | --------+->
| \ | | / |
| \ |---------------------------------------| / |
| -+---------------------------------------+- |
| source |---------------------------------------| sink |
+-----------+ Protection transport entity +-----------+
(failure condition)
+-----------+ +-----------+
| |---------------------------------------| |
| -+<--------------------------------------+- |
| / +-------------------------------------->+ \ |
| sink / /|---------------------------------------|\ \ sink |
<-+-------/ / | Working transport entity | --\-------+->
--+--------> | | <------+--
| source \ | | / source|
| \|---------------------------------------| / |
| +-------------------------------------->| / |
| |<--------------------------------------+- |
| APS <...................................................> APS |
| |---------------------------------------+ |
+-----------+ Protection transport entity +-----------+
(normal condition)
+-----------+ +-----------+
| |---------------------------------------| |
| +<----------------XX--------------------+- |
| +-------------------------------------->+ \ |
| /|---------------------------------------| \ |
| source / | Working transport entity (failure) | \ source|
--+--------> | | \<-----+--
<-+------- \ | | --/------+->
| sink \ \|---------------------------------------| / / sink |
| \ +-------------------------------------->+- / |
| --+<--------------------------------------+-/ |
| APS <...................................................> APS |
| |---------------------------------------+ |
+-----------+ Protection transport entity +-----------+
(failure condition)
+-----------+ +-----------+
| |---------------------------------------| |
| -+<--------------------------------------+- |
| / +-------------------------------------->+ \ |
| sink / /|---------------------------------------|\ \ source|
<-+-------/ / | Working transport entity | \ <-------+--
--+--------> | | ---------+->
| source | | sink |
| |---------------------------------------| |
| | | |
| | | |
| APS <...................................................> APS |
| |---------------------------------------| |
+-----------+ Protection transport entity +-----------+
(normal condition)
+-----------+ +-----------+
| |---------------------------------------| |
| | \/ | |
| | /\ | |
| |---------------------------------------| |
| source | Working transport entity (failure) | sink |
--+-------> | | --------+->
<-+------- \ | | / <------+--
| sink \ \ |---------------------------------------| / / source|
| \ -+-------------------------------------->+- / |
| --+<--------------------------------------+-- |
| APS <...................................................> APS |
| |---------------------------------------+ |
+-----------+ Protection transport entity +-----------+
(failure condition)
+-------------+ Persistent +----------+
SF,SD | Hold-off | fault | Local |
----------->| timer logic |----------->| request |
+-------------+ | logic |
Other local requests ----------------->| |
(LO, FS, MS, EXER, Clear) +----------+
|
| Highest
| local request
|
Remote APS V
message +-------+ Remote APS +----------------+
------------->| APS | request/state | APS process |
(received | check |-------------->| logic |
from far end) +-------+ +----------------+
| ^ | |
| | | Signaled |
| | | APS |
| | Txed | |
| | "Requested V |
| | Signal" +-----------+ |
| +-----------------| APS mess. | |
| | generator | |
| +-----------+ |
| | |
V | |
Failure of V |
protocol APS message |
detection V
Set local
bridge/selector
A Z
| |
(1) |---- NR(0,0)----->|
|<----- NR(0,0)----|
| |
| |
(2) | (SF on W(Z->A)) |
|---- SF(1,1)----->| (3)
|<----- NR(1,1)----|
(4) | |
| |
(5) | (Recovery) |
|---- WTR(1,1)---->|
/| |
WTR timer | |
\| |
(6) |---- NR(0,0)----->| (7)
(8) |<----- NR(0,0)----|
| |
A Z
| |
(1) |---- NR(0,0)----->| (1)
|<----- NR(0,0)----|
| |
| |
(2) | (SF on W(Z<->A)) | (2)
|<---- SF(1,1)---->|
(3) | | (3)
| |
(4) | (Recovery) | (4)
|<---- NR(1,1)---->|
(5) |<--- WTR(1,1)---->| (5)
/| |\
WTR timer | | WTR timer
\| |/
(6) |<---- NR(1,1)---->| (6)
(7) |<----- NR(0,0)--->| (7)
(8) | | (8)
A Z
| |
(1) |---- NR(0,0)----->| (1)
|<----- NR(0,0)----|
| |
| |
(2) | (SF on W(Z<->A)) | (2)
|<---- SF(1,1)---->|
(3) | | (3)
| |
(4) | (Recovery) | (4)
|<---- NR(1,1)---->|
(5) |<--- WTR(1,1)---->| (5)
/| |\
WTR timer | | |
\| | WTR timer
(6) |----- NR(1,1)---->| | (7)
| |/
(9) |<----- NR(0,0)----| (8)
|---- NR(0,0)----->| (10)
A Z
| |
(1) |---- NR(0,0)----->| (1)
|<----- NR(0,0)----|
| |
| |
(2) | (SF on W(Z->A)) |
|----- SF(1,1)---->| (3)
(4) |<----- NR(1,1)----|
| |
| |
(5) | (Recovery) |
|----- DNR(1,1)--->| (6)
|<--- DNR(1,1)---->|
| |
| |
| (SF on P(A->Z)) | (7)
(8) |<--- SF-P(0,0)----|
|---- NR(0,0)----->|
| |
| |
| (Recovery) | (9)
|<----- NR(0,0)----|
| |
A Z
| |
(1) |---- NR(0,0)----->| (1)
|<----- NR(0,0)----|
| |
| |
(2) | (SF on W(A<->Z)) | (2)
(3) |<---- SF(1,1)---->| (3)
| |
| |
(4) | (Recovery) | (4)
(5) |<---- NR(1,1)---->| (5)
|<--- DNR(1,1)---->|
| |
| |
(6) | (SF on P(A<->Z)) | (6)
(7) |<--- SF-P(0,0)--->| (7)
| |
| |
(8) | (Recovery) | (8)
|<---- NR(0,0)---->|
| |
+------------+-------------+
| Server 1 |
| +----+----+ +----+----+ |
| |VM1-1 | |VM1-2 | |
| |VNI 22 | |VNI 34 | |
| | | | | |
| +---------+ +---------+ |
| |
| +----+----+ +----+----+ |
| |VM1-3 | |VM1-4 | |
| |VNI 74 | |VNI 98 | |
| | | | | |
| +---------+ +---------+ |
| Hypervisor VTEP (IP1) |
+--------------------------+
|
|
|
| +-------------+
| | Layer 3 |
|---| Network |
| |
+-------------+
|
|
+-----------+
|
|
+------------+-------------+
| Server 2 |
| +----+----+ +----+----+ |
| |VM2-1 | |VM2-2 | |
| |VNI 34 | |VNI 74 | |
| | | | | |
| +---------+ +---------+ |
| |
| +----+----+ +----+----+ |
| |VM2-3 | |VM2-4 | |
| |VNI 98 | |VNI 22 | |
| | | | | |
| +---------+ +---------+ |
| Hypervisor VTEP (IP2) |
+--------------------------+
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
| UN| RESV |
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
IP/MPLS Core
+--------------+
|PE2-rs |
+----+ |
|PBB | |
|VPLS| +-+ |
|(B2)|---|P| |
Stby/+----+ /+-+\ |PE3-rs
/ +----+ / \+----+
+---+/ |PBB |/ +-+ |PBB | +---+
C-MAC X--|CE |---|VPLS|---|P|--|VPLS|---|CE |--C-MAC Y
| |Act|(B1)| +-+ | | | |
+---+ +----+ +----+ +---+
A |PE1-rs | B
| |
+--------------+
MTU-1================PE1-rs==============PE3-rs
|| || \ /||
|| Redundancy || \ / ||
|| Provider RSTP || Full Mesh . ||
|| || / \ ||
|| || / \||
MTU-2----------------PE2-rs==============PE4-rs
Backup PW
Value | Description | Reference | Notes
-------+---------------------------+------------+-----------
0x0406 | MAC Flush Parameters TLV | [RFC7361] |
0x0407 | PBB B-MAC List Sub-TLV | [RFC7361] |
0x0408 | PBB I-SID List Sub-TLV | [RFC7361] |
Bit Number | Hex | Abbreviation | Description | Reference
-----------+------+--------------+-----------------------+-----------
0 | 0x80 | C | Context | [RFC7361]
1 | 0x40 | N | Negative MAC flushing | [RFC7361]
2-7 | | | Unassigned |
192.0.2.1 192.0.2.9/203.0.113.4 198.51.100.33
Alice NAT 203.0.113.9-SBC-198.51.100.2 Bob
------- --- --- -------
| | | |
1. |--SIP INVITE+offer c=192.0.2.1--->| |
| | | |
2. | | (SBC allocates 198.51.100.2:22007 |
| | for inbound RTP from Bob) |
| | | |
3. | | |-----INVITE+offer----->|
| | | c=198.51.100.2:22007 |
| | | |
4. | | |<------180 Ringing-----|
| | | |
| | | |
5. |<------180 Ringing----------------| |
| | | |
6. | | |<------200+answer------|
| | | |
7. | | (SBC allocates 203.0.113.9:36010 |
| | for inbound RTP from Alice) |
| | | |
8. |<-200+answer,c=203.0.113.9:36010--| c=198.51.100.33 |
| | | |
9. |------------ACK------------------>| |
10. | | |----------ACK--------->|
| | | |
11. |=====RTP,dest=203.0.113.9:36010==>| |
| | | |
12. | | (SBC latches to |
| | source IP address and |
| | port seen at (11)) |
| | | |
13. | | |<======= RTP ==========|
| | |dest:198.51.100.2:22007|
14. |<=====RTP, to latched address=====| |
| | | |
192.0.2.1 192.0.2.9/203.0.113.4 203.0.113.9 198.51.100.8
Romeo NAT XMPP Server Juliet
----- --- --- -----
| | | |
1. |----session-initiate cand=192.0.2.1--->| |
| | | |
2. |<------------ack-----------------------| |
| | | |
3. | | (Server allocates 203.0.113.9:2200 |
| | for inbound RTP from Juliet) |
| | | |
4. | | |--session-initiate-->|
| | |cand=203.0.113.9:2200|
| | | |
5. | | |<--------ack---------|
| | | |
| | | |
6. | | |<---session-accept---|
| | | cand=198.51.100.8 |
| | | |
7. | | |---------ack-------->|
| | | |
8. | | (Server allocates 203.0.113.9:3300 |
| | for inbound RTP from Romeo) |
| | | |
9. |<-session-accept cand=203.0.113.9:3300-| |
| | | |
10. |-----------------ack------------------>| |
| | | |
| | | |
11. |======RTP, dest=203.0.113.9:3300======>| |
| | | |
12. | | (XMPP server latches to |
| | src IP 203.0.113.4 and |
| | src port seen at (11)) |
| | | |
13. | | |<======= RTP ========|
| | |dest=203.0.113.9:2200|
14. |<======RTP, to latched address=========| |
| | | |
+-------- L3 Network -------+
| |
| Tunnel Overlay |
+------------+---------+ +---------+------------+
| +----------+-------+ | | +---------+--------+ |
| | Overlay Module | | | | Overlay Module | |
| +---------+--------+ | | +---------+--------+ |
| |VN Context| | VN Context| |
| | | | | |
| +--------+-------+ | | +--------+-------+ |
| | |VNI| . |VNI| | | | |VNI| . |VNI| |
NVE1 | +-+------------+-+ | | +-+-----------+--+ | NVE2
| | VAPs | | | | VAPs | |
+----+------------+----+ +----+-----------+-----+
| | | |
| | | |
Tenant Systems Tenant Systems
Figure 1 (reproduced from Figure 1 of [RFC6621]) shows the
relationship between the SMF Relay Set Selection Algorithm and the
related algorithms, processes, and protocols running in the MANET
nodes. The Relay Set Selection Algorithm (RSSA) can rely upon
topology information acquired from the MANET Neighborhood Discovery
Protocol (NHDP), from the specific MANET routing protocol running on
the node, or from Layer 2 information passed up to the higher layer
protocol processes.
______________ ____________
| | | |
| Neighborhood | | Relay Set |
| Discovery |------------->| Selection |
| | neighbor | |
|______________| info |____________|
\ /
neighbor\ / forwarding
info* \ _____________ / status
\ | | /
`-->| Forwarding |<--'
| Process |
----------------->|_____________|----------------->
incoming packet, forwarded packets
interface id*, and
previous hop*
Decimal | Name | Description | Reference
--------+---------+---------------+------------
126 | smfMib | SMF-MIB | [RFC7367]
+-------+-------+ \
| Service | \
| Provider | | Service
| Router | | Provider
+-------+-------+ | Network
| /
| Customer /
| Internet Connection
|
+------+--------+ \
| IPv6 | \
| Customer Edge | \
| Router | |
+----+-+---+----+ |
Network A | | | Network B(E) |
----+-------------+----+ | +---+-------------+------+ |
| | | | | | |
+----+-----+ +-----+----+ | +----+-----+ +-----+----+ | |
|IPv6 Host | |IPv6 Host | | | IPv6 Host| |IPv6 Host | | |
| H1 | | H2 | | | H3 | | H4 | | |
+----------+ +----------+ | +----------+ +----------+ | |
| | | | |
Link F | ---+------+------+-----+ |
| | Network E(B) |
+------+--------+ | | End-User
| IPv6 | | | Networks
| Interior +------+ |
| Router | |
+---+-------+-+-+ |
Network C | | Network D |
----+-------------+---+ +---+-------------+--- |
| | | | |
+----+-----+ +-----+----+ +----+-----+ +-----+----+ |
|IPv6 Host | |IPv6 Host | | IPv6 Host| |IPv6 Host | |
| H5 | | H6 | | H7 | | H8 | /
+----------+ +----------+ +----------+ +----------+ /
+-------+-------+ +-------+-------+ \
| Service | | Service | \
| Provider A | | Provider B | | Service
| Router | | Router | | Provider
+-------+-------+ +------+--------+ | Network
| | /
| Customer | /
| Internet | /
| Connections |
+-----------+-----------+ \
| IPv6 | \
| Customer Edge | \
| Router | /
+-----------+-----------+ /
| /
| | End-User
---+------------+-------+--------+-------------+--- | Network(s)
| | | | \
+----+-----+ +----+-----+ +----+-----+ +-----+----+ \
|IPv6 Host | |IPv6 Host | | IPv6 Host| |IPv6 Host | /
| H1 | | H2 | | H3 | | H4 | /
+----------+ +----------+ +----------+ +----------+
Range | Registration Procedures
------------+--------------------------
0-65534 | IETF Review
65535 | Experimental
| 8 | 4 | 4 | 8 | 8 | 64 | 32 |
+--------+----+----+--------+--------+----------------+----------+
|11111111|flgs|scop|reserved| plen | network prefix | group ID |
+--------+----+----+--------+--------+----------------+----------+
| 8 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 8 | 64 | 32 |
+--------+----+----+----+----+--------+----------------+----------+
|11111111|ff1 |scop|ff2 |rsvd| plen | network prefix | group ID |
+--------+----+----+----+----+--------+----------------+----------+
| 8 | 4 | 4 | 8 | 8 | 64 | 32 |
+--------+----+----+--------+----+----------------+----------+
|11111111|flgs|scop|reserved|plen| network prefix | group ID |
+--------+----+----+--------+----+----------------+----------+
| 8 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 8 | 64 | 32 |
+--------+----+----+----+----+----+----------------+----------+
|11111111|ff1 |scop|ff2 |rsvd|plen| network prefix | group ID |
+--------+----+----+----+----+----+----------------+----------+
| 8 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 8 | 64 | 32 |
+--------+----+----+----+----+----+----------------+----------+
|11111111|flgs|scop|rsvd|RIID|plen| network prefix | group ID |
+--------+----+----+----+----+----+----------------+----------+
+-+-+-+-+
flgs is a set of four flags: |0|R|P|T|
+-+-+-+-+
| 8 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 8 | 64 | 32 |
+--------+----+----+----+----+----+----------------+----------+
|11111111|ff1 |scop|ff2 |RIID|plen| network prefix | group ID |
+--------+----+----+----+----+----+----------------+----------+
+-+-+-+-+
ff1 is a set of four flags: |X|R|P|T|
+-+-+-+-+
where X is for future assignment as an additional flag bit.
X may be set to 0 or 1.
Level 0 __________________|__________________
| |
Level 1 ________|________ ________|________
| | | |
Level 2 ___|___ ___|___ ___|___ ___|___
| | | | | | | |
Level 3 _|_ _|_ _|_ _|_ _|_ _|_ _|_ _|_
Level 0 ________________(0,0)________________
| |
Level 1 ______(1,0)______ ______(1,1)______
| | | |
Level 2 _(2,0)_ _(2,1)_ _(2,2)_ _(2,3)_
| | | | | | | |
Level 3 _|_ _|_ _|_ _|_ _|_ _|_ _|_ _|_
Level 0 ______[0,7]_______|_______[8,15]_____
| |
Level 1 _[0,3]__|__[4,7]_ _[8,11]_|_[12,15]
| | | |
Level 2 ___|___ ___|___ ___|___ ___|___
| | | | | | | |
Level 3 _|_ _|_ _|_ _|_ _|_ _|_ _|_ _|_
Level 0 ____2_3___4_____7_|__________________
| |
Level 1 ____2_3_|_4_____7 ________|________
| | | |
Level 2 ___|2_3 4__|__7 ___|___ ___|___
| | | | | | | |
Level 3 _|_ _|3 _|_ _|_ _|_ _|_ _|_ _|_
+-----------+ +-----------+
| | | Location |
| LIS | | Recipient |
| | | |
+-+-------+-+ +----+------+
^ | --^
| | --
Geopriv |Req. | --
Location |Signed |Signed -- Protocol Conveying
Configuration |Loc. |Loc. -- Location (e.g., SIP)
Protocol |(a) |(b) -- (c)
| v --
+-+-------+-+ --
| Target / | --
| End Host +
| |
+-----------+
+-----------+ Geopriv +-----------+
| | Location | Location |
| LIS +<------------->+ Recipient |
| | Dereferencing | |
+-+-------+-+ Protocol (d) +----+------+
^ | --^
| | --
Geopriv |Req. |LbyR + --
Location |LbyR |Policy -- Protocol Conveying
Configuration |(a) |(b) -- Location (e.g., SIP)
Protocol | | -- (c)
| V --
+-+-------+-+ --
| Target / | --
| End Host +
| |
+-----------+
----------------------
| |
| TRILL Campus |
| |
----------------------
| | |
----- | --------
| | |
+------+ +------+ +------+
| | | | | |
|(RB1) | |(RB2) | | (RBk)|
+------+ +------+ +------+
|..| |..| |..|
| +----+ | | | |
| +---|-----|--|----------+ |
| +-|---|-----+ +-----------+ |
| | | +------------------+ | |
LAALP1--->(| | |) (| | |) <---LAALPn
+-------+ . . . +-------+
| CE1 | | CEn |
| | | |
+-------+ +-------+
IPv6 layer
^ v
InDelivers -+- -+- OutRequests
| |
InDiscards <--+ |
| |
InCompOKs .-->| |-->. OutCompReqds
InCompFails <--| | | +--> OutCompFails
InCompReqds `<--+ +<--' OutCompOKs
| |
| +-->. OutFragReqds
InReasmOKs .-->| | +--> OutFragFails
InReasmFails <--| | | -+- OutFragOKs
InReasmReqds `<--+ +<--' OutFragCreates
| |
| |
InMeshDelivers |<--. |
InMeshForwds | |-->. |
InMeshReceives +-->' | |
| +--> | OutMeshHopLimitExceeds
| +--> | OutMeshNoRoutes
| | |
| | .<--+ OutMeshRequests
| `-->| | OutMeshForwds
| `-->| OutMeshTransmits
| |
InHdrErrors <--+ +--> OutDiscards
| |
InReceives -+- -+- OutTransmits
^ v
interface layer
################################################
# ********************** Room-A #
# ** Subnet-1 ** # Network
# * ** # Backbone
# * +----------+ * # |
# * | Light |-------+ * # |
# * | Switch | | * # |
# * +----------+ +---------+ * # |
# * | Rtr-1 |-----------------------------+
# * +---------+ * # |
# * +----------+ | * # |
# * | Light-1 |--------+ * # |
# * +----------+ * # |
# ** ** # |
# ************************** # |
# # |
# ********************** # +------------+ |
# ** Subnet-2 ** # | DNS Server | |
# * ** # | (Optional) |--+
# * +----------+ * # +------------+ |
# * | Light-2 |-------+ * # |
# * | | | * # |
# * +----------+ +---------+ * # |
# * | Rtr-2 |-----------------------------+
# * +---------+ * # |
# * +----------+ | * # |
# * | Light-3 |--------+ * # |
# * +----------+ * # +------------+ |
# ** ** # | Controller |--+
# ************************** # | Client | |
################################################ +------------+ |
+------------+ |
| CoAP | |
| Resource |-----------------+
| Directory |
+------------+
Light CoAP
Light-1 Light-2 Light-3 Switch Rtr-1 Rtr-2 RD
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
********************************** | | |
* Light-2 is installed * | | |
* and powers on for first time * | | |
********************************** | | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
| | COAP NON Mcast(GET | |
| | /.well-known/core?rt=core.rd) | |
| |--------->-------------------------------->| |
| | | | | |--------->|
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
| | COAP NON (2.05 Content | |
| | </rd>;rt="core.rd";ins="Primary") |<---------|
| |<------------------------------------------| |
| | | | | | |
Light Network
Light-1 Light-2 Light-3 Switch Rtr-1 Rtr-2 Backbone
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
| | *********************** | |
| | * User flips on * | |
| | * light switch to * | |
| | * turn on all the * | |
| | * lights in Room-A * | |
| | *********************** | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
| | | COAP NON Mcast(PUT, | |
| | | Payload=lights ON) | |
|<-------------------------------+--------->| | |
ON | | | |-------------------->|
| | | | | |<---------|
| |<---------|<-------------------------------| |
| ON ON | | | |
^ ^ ^ | | | |
*********************** | | | |
* Lights in Room-A * | | | |
* turn on (nearly * | | | |
* simultaneously) * | | | |
*********************** | | | |
| | | | | | |
Light Network
Light-1 Light-2 Light-3 Switch Rtr-1 Rtr-2 Backbone
| | | | | | |
| COAP NON (2.04 Changed) | | | |
|------------------------------->| | | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
| COAP NON (2.04 Changed) | | |
| |------------------------------------------>| |
| | | | | |--------->|
| | | | |<--------------------|
| | | |<---------| | |
| | | | | | |
| | COAP NON (5.00 Internal Server Error) |
| | |------------------------------->| |
| | | | | |--------->|
| | | | |<--------------------|
| | | |<---------| | |
| | | | | | |
Network
Light-1 Light-2 Light-3 Rtr-1 Rtr-2 Backbone Controller
| | | | | | |
| | | | | COAP NON Mcast(PUT,
| | | | | Payload=lights ON)
| | | | | |<-------|
| | | |<----------<---------| |
|<--------------------------------| | | |
ON | | | | | |
| |<----------<---------------------| | |
| ON ON | | | |
^ ^ ^ | | | |
*********************** | | | |
* Lights in Room-A * | | | |
* turn on (nearly * | | | |
* simultaneously) * | | | |
*********************** | | | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
| COAP NON (2.04 Changed) | | | |
|-------------------------------->| | | |
| | | |-------------------->| |
| | COAP NON (2.04 Changed) | |------->|
| |-------------------------------->| | |
| | | | |--------->| |
| | | COAP NON (2.04 Changed) |------->|
| | |--------------------->| | |
| | | | |--------->| |
| | | | | |------->|
| | | | | | |
Light Network
Light-1 Light-2 Light-3 Switch Rtr-1 Rtr-2 Backbone
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
| MLD Report: Join | | | | |
| Group (Room-A-Lights) | | | |
|---LL------------------------------------->| | |
| | | | |MLD Report: Join |
| | | | |Group (Room-A-Lights)|
| | | | |---LL---->----LL---->|
| | | | | | |
| | MLD Report: Join | | | |
| | Group (Room-A-Lights) | | |
| |---LL------------------------------------->| |
| | | | | | |
| | | MLD Report: Join | | |
| | | Group (Room-A-Lights) | |
| | |---LL-------------------------->| |
| | | | | | |
| | | | |MLD Report: Join |
| | | | |Group (Room-A-Lights)|
| | | | |<--LL-----+---LL---->|
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
| |
| (0) Query, Path-to-a-large-table, OP=GET |
|----------------------------------------------------->|
| correlator = X |
| |
| (1) Query-Response, SOT,AT, OP=GET-RESPONSE, DATA |
|<-----------------------------------------------------|
| correlator = X |
| DATA TLV (SPARSE/FULL) |
| |
| (2) Query-Response, MOT,AT, OP=GET-RESPONSE, DATA |
|<-----------------------------------------------------|
| correlator = X |
| DATA TLV (SPARSE/FULL) |
| |
| (3) Query-Response, MOT,AT, OP=GET-RESPONSE, DATA |
|<-----------------------------------------------------|
| correlator = X |
| DATA TLV (SPARSE/FULL) |
. .
. .
. .
. .
| |
| (N) Query-Response, MOT,AT, OP=GET-RESPONSE, DATA |
|<-----------------------------------------------------|
| correlator = X |
| DATA TLV (SPARSE/FULL) |
| |
| (N) Query-Response, EOT,AT, OP=GET-RESPONSE |
|<-----------------------------------------------------|
| correlator = X |
| RESULT-TLV (SUCCESS) |
| |
+-----------------+
| DDNS Server |
+-----------------+
^
|
|3. DDNS updates
| (if any)
|
+---------------+ +-----------------+
|DDNS Client |1. PCP MAP request | CGN/PCP Server |
|PCP Client/IWF |------------------->| (PCP mapping for|80:8080+------+
|on CPE or |2. PCP MAP response | port forwarding)|<------|Client|
|the host itself|<-------------------| | +------+
| |3. DDNS updates | |
| | (if any) | |
| |------------------->| |
+---------------+ +-----------------+
+--------------+ +--------+ +---------+ +--------+ +-------+
| Service | | DDNS | | CGN/ | | PCP | |Servers|
| User |---| Server|----| PCP |---| Client |---| |
| | | | | Server | | /DDNS | | |
| | | | | | | Client | | |
+--------------+ +--------+ +---------+ +--------+ +-------+
A user DDNS Server AFTR B4(CPE) A host
from Internet behind B4
Web Visitor DDNS Server AFTR B4(CPE) Web Server
behind B4
| HTTP GET* | | | |
|---------------------->| | | |
| ip_DDNS_server |------------->| | |
| | HTTP 301 | | |
| |<-------------| | |
| HTTP GET* ip_aftr:8001 | | |
|------------------------------------->| |
| | HTTP GET* ip_websrv:8000 |
| |------------------------->|
| | |
| HTTP response | HTTP response |
|<-------------------------------------|--------------------------|
| | |
+-------------+ +-------------+ +----------+ Internet +-------+
|DDNS Client /| |DDNS Server /| |DNS Server| |Visitor|
| Web Server | | Web Portal | | | | |
+-------------+ +-------------+ +----------+ +-------+
| register | | |
|<------------------>| | |
| websrv.example.com | update DNS | |
| 192.0.2.1:2000 | <-------------> | |
| |websrv.example.com| |
| | portal's IP | |
| +-------------+ | |
| |update portal| | |
| +-------------+ | DNS resolve for |
| | | <----------------> |
| | | websrv.example.com |
| | | get portal's IP |
| | | |
| | visit portal of websrv.example.com |
| | <-----------------------------------> |
| | | |
| visit http://192.0.2.1:2000 |
| <--------------------------------------------------------->|
| | | |
+-------------------------------------------------------------+
| |
| Portal: websrv.example.com |
| |
| Service1: web server |
| Link: http://192.0.2.1:2000 |
| |
| Service2: video |
| Link: rtsp://192.0.2.1:8080/test.sdp |
| |
| ...... |
| |
+-------------------------------------------------------------+
A B C D E
o -------- o -------- o --------- o --------- o
---MPLS Echo Request--->
<--MPLS Echo Reply------
Client (XMPP WSS) Server
| | | |
| | <close xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:xmpp-framing" /> | |
| |------------------------------------------------------------>| |
| | <close xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:xmpp-framing" /> | |
| |<------------------------------------------------------------| |
| | | |
| | (XMPP Stream Closed) | |
| +-------------------------------------------------------------+ |
| |
| WS CLOSE FRAME |
|------------------------------------------------------------------>|
| WS CLOSE FRAME |
|<------------------------------------------------------------------|
| |
| (Connection Closed) |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
|_____________UE______________|___RAN+Core____|___GGSN__|
|_____Unmanaged sub-path_____|____Managed sub-path_____|
Subsc. -- Private -- Private -- Service-- Intra IP -- GRA -- Transit ...
device Net #1 Net #2 Demarc. Access GW GRA GW
mp000 mp100 mp150 mp190 mp200
|--UE--|------------CPE/NAT--------|------|-BRAS-|------|
|------DSL Network---|
|________Unmanaged sub-path________|__Managed sub-path__|
Subsc. -- Private ------------- Service-- Intra IP -- GRA -- Transit ...
device Net #1 Demarc. Access GW GRA GW
mp000 mp100 mp150 mp190 mp200
|--UE--|------------CPE/NAT--------|------|-CGN-|------|
|--Access Network---|
|________Unmanaged sub-path________|_Managed sub-path__|
Subsc. -- Private -- Private -- Access -- Intra IP -- GRA -- Transit ...
device Net #1 Net #2 Demarc. Access GW GRA GW
mp000 mp100 mp150 mp190 mp200
|--UE--|------------CPE/NAT--------|------|-CGN-|------|
| WiFi | 1000Base-T |--Access Network---|
|-Shared--|RT|------Dedicated------| RT |-----Shared------...
|_______Unmanaged sub-path________|_Managed sub-path__|
| Stateless | Stateful |
------------------------+-----------+-----------+
Passive | 1 | 2 |
Active delegated LSPs | 3 | 4 |
Active suggest new LSPs | 5 | 6 |
Active instantiate LSPs | 7 | 7 |
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | C | P |
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
| 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | EID |NH |
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
I1: DH list
-------------------------->
select precomputed R1
R1: puzzle, DH, key, sig
<-------------------------
check sig remain stateless
solve puzzle
I2: solution, DH, {key}, sig
-------------------------->
compute DH check puzzle
check sig
R2: sig
<--------------------------
check sig compute DH
+--+ +----------------------------+
recv I1, send R1 | | | |
| v v |
+--------------+ recv I2, send R2 |
+----------------| UNASSOCIATED |----------------+ |
datagram | +--+ +--------------+ | |
to send, | | | Alg. not supported, | |
send I1 | | | send I1 | |
. v | v | |
. +---------+ recv I2, send R2 | |
+---->| I1-SENT |--------------------------------------+ | |
| +---------+ +----------------------+ | | |
| | recv R2, | recv I2, send R2 | | | |
| v send I2 | v v v |
| +---------+ | +---------+ |
| +--->| I2-SENT |----------+ +--------------| R2-SENT |<---+ |
| | +---------+ | +---------+ | |
| | | |recv R2 | data or| | |
| |recv R1, | | | EC timeout| | |
| |send I2 +--|-----------------+ | receive I2,| |
| | | | +-------------+ | send R2| |
| | | +------>| ESTABLISHED |<----------+ | |
| | | +-------------+ | |
| | | | | | receive I2, send R2 | |
| | +------------+ | +-------------------------------+ |
| | | +-----------+ | |
| | | no packet sent/received| +---+ | |
| | | for UAL min, send CLOSE| | |timeout | |
| | | v v |(UAL+MSL) | |
| | | +---------+ |retransmit | |
+--|----------|------------------------| CLOSING |-+CLOSE | |
| | +---------+ | |
| | | | | | | |
+----------|-------------------------+ | | +----------------+ |
| | +-----------+ +------------------|--+
| | |recv CLOSE, recv CLOSE_ACK | |
| +-------------+ |send CLOSE_ACK or timeout | |
| recv CLOSE, | | (UAL+MSL) | |
| send CLOSE_ACK v v | |
| +--------+ receive I2, send R2 | |
+---------------------| CLOSED |------------------------------+ |
+--------+ |
^ | | |
recv CLOSE, send CLOSE_ACK| | | timeout (UAL+2MSL) |
+-+ +------------------------------------+
+------------------------+-------+-----------+----------------------+
| TLV | Type | Length | Data |
+------------------------+-------+-----------+----------------------+
| R1_COUNTER | 129 | 12 | Puzzle generation |
| | | | counter |
| | | | |
| PUZZLE | 257 | 12 | #K and Random #I |
| | | | |
| SOLUTION | 321 | 20 | #K, Random #I and |
| | | | puzzle solution #J |
| | | | |
| SEQ | 385 | 4 | UPDATE packet ID |
| | | | number |
| | | | |
| ACK | 449 | variable | UPDATE packet ID |
| | | | number |
| | | | |
| DH_GROUP_LIST | 511 | variable | Ordered list of DH |
| | | | Group IDs supported |
| | | | by a host |
| | | | |
| DIFFIE_HELLMAN | 513 | variable | public key |
| | | | |
| HIP_CIPHER | 579 | variable | List of HIP |
| | | | encryption |
| | | | algorithms |
| | | | |
| ENCRYPTED | 641 | variable | Encrypted part of a |
| | | | HIP packet |
| | | | |
| HOST_ID | 705 | variable | Host Identity with |
| | | | Fully Qualified |
| | | | Domain Name (FQDN) |
| | | | or Network Access |
| | | | Identifier (NAI) |
| | | | |
| HIT_SUITE_LIST | 715 | variable | Ordered list of the |
| | | | HIT Suites supported |
| | | | by the Responder |
| | | | |
| CERT | 768 | variable | HI Certificate; used |
| | | | to transfer |
| | | | certificates. |
| | | | Specified in a |
| | | | separate document. |
| | | | |
| NOTIFICATION | 832 | variable | Informational data |
| | | | |
| ECHO_REQUEST_SIGNED | 897 | variable | Opaque data to be |
| | | | echoed back; signed |
| | | | |
| ECHO_RESPONSE_SIGNED | 961 | variable | Opaque data echoed |
| | | | back by request; |
| | | | signed |
| | | | |
| TRANSPORT_FORMAT_LIST | 2049 | Ordered | variable |
| | | list of | |
| | | preferred | |
| | | HIP | |
| | | transport | |
| | | type | |
| | | numbers | |
| | | | |
| HIP_MAC | 61505 | variable | HMAC-based message |
| | | | authentication code, |
| | | | with key material |
| | | | from KEYMAT |
| | | | |
| HIP_MAC_2 | 61569 | variable | HMAC-based message |
| | | | authentication code, |
| | | | with key material |
| | | | from KEYMAT. Unlike |
| | | | HIP_MAC, the HOST_ID |
| | | | parameter is |
| | | | included in |
| | | | HIP_MAC_2 |
| | | | calculation. |
| | | | |
| HIP_SIGNATURE_2 | 61633 | variable | Signature used in R1 |
| | | | packet |
| | | | |
| HIP_SIGNATURE | 61697 | variable | Signature of the |
| | | | packet |
| | | | |
| ECHO_REQUEST_UNSIGNED | 63661 | variable | Opaque data to be |
| | | | echoed back; after |
| | | | signature |
| | | | |
| ECHO_RESPONSE_UNSIGNED | 63425 | variable | Opaque data echoed |
| | | | back by request; |
| | | | after signature |
+------------------------+-------+-----------+----------------------+
H1 H2
UPDATE: SEQ, ESP_INFO [, DIFFIE_HELLMAN]
----------------------------------------------------->
UPDATE: SEQ, ACK, ESP_INFO [, DIFFIE_HELLMAN]
<-----------------------------------------------------
UPDATE: ACK
----------------------------------------------------->
UPDATE(ESP_INFO, SEQ_I, [DIFFIE_HELLMAN])
----------------------------------->
UPDATE(ESP_INFO, SEQ_R, ACK_I, [DIFFIE_HELLMAN])
<-----------------------------------
UPDATE(ACK_R)
----------------------------------->
BEFORE APPLYING ESP
------------------------------
| inner IP hdr | | |
| | TCP | Data |
------------------------------
AFTER APPLYING ESP, OUTER v4 ADDRESSES
----------------------------------------------------
| outer IP hdr | | | | ESP | ESP |
| (any options) | ESP | TCP | Data | Trailer | ICV |
----------------------------------------------------
|<---- encryption ---->|
|<-------- integrity ------->|
AFTER APPLYING ESP, OUTER v6 ADDRESSES
------------------------------------------------------
| outer | new ext | | | | ESP | ESP |
| IP hdr | hdrs | ESP | TCP | Data | Trailer| ICV |
------------------------------------------------------
|<--- encryption ---->|
|<------- integrity ------->|
BEFORE APPLYING ESP
------------------------------
| inner IP hdr | | |
| + options | TCP | Data |
------------------------------
AFTER APPLYING ESP, OUTER v4 ADDRESSES
----------------------------------------------------------
| outer IP hdr | | | | | ESP | ESP |
| (any options) | ESP | PH | TCP | Data | Trailer | ICV |
----------------------------------------------------------
|<------- encryption ------->|
|<----------- integrity ---------->|
AFTER APPLYING ESP, OUTER v6 ADDRESSES
------------------------------------------------------------
| outer | new ext | | | | | ESP | ESP |
| IP hdr | hdrs | ESP | PH | TCP | Data | Trailer| ICV |
------------------------------------------------------------
|<------ encryption ------->|
|<---------- integrity ---------->|
BEFORE APPLYING ESP
------------------------------------------
| | ext hdrs | | |
| inner IP hdr | if present | TCP | Data |
------------------------------------------
AFTER APPLYING ESP, OUTER v6 ADDRESSES
--------------------------------------------------------------
| outer | new ext | | dest | | | ESP | ESP |
| IP hdr | hdrs | ESP | opts.| TCP | Data | Trailer | ICV |
--------------------------------------------------------------
|<---- encryption ---->|
|<------- integrity ------>|
AFTER APPLYING ESP, OUTER v4 ADDRESSES
----------------------------------------------------
| outer | | dest | | | ESP | ESP |
| IP hdr | ESP | opts.| TCP | Data | Trailer | ICV |
----------------------------------------------------
|<------- encryption -------->|
|<----------- integrity ----------->|
+-----Y
|Start|
`...../
|
| Are credentials
| for network attachment
| available?
|
NO v YES
+----------------------------+
| |
| |
V v
.............. ................
| Idle: Wait | |Execute |
| for ES Call| |LLA Procedures|
| Initiation | "--------------'
"------------' |
Is | +---------->O
emergency | | | Is ASP
service | NO +-----Y | | configured?
network +--->| End | | +---------------+
attachment| `...../ | YES | | NO
possible? | | | |
v | v v
+-----Y
|Start|
`...../
|
| No
| credentials
| for network access
| available
v
..............
| Idle: Wait |
| for ES Call|
| Initiation |
"------------'
|
|
|
v
--
// --
/ --
// Is --
/ emergency --
| service | NO +--------+
| network |------>| Call |
| attachment | Failed |
\ possible? / `......../
\ //
\\ //
\ //
\--/
|
| YES
|
|
v
+------------+
| Execute |
| NAA |
| Procedures |
+------------+
+-----+
+------------|Start|-----------------+
| `...../ |
v v
+------------+ +----------------+
| NAA | | Regular |
| Procedures | | Network Access |
+------------+ | Procedures |
| +----------------+
| |
| |
----------------o--------------------+
|
|
|
|
Network
Attachment
Completed
|
|
|
|
v
+--rw snmp
+--rw engine
+--rw enabled? boolean
+--rw listen* [name]
| +--rw name snmp:identifier
| +--rw (transport)
| +--:(udp)
| +--rw udp
| +--rw ip inet:ip-address
| +--rw port? inet:port-number
+--rw version
| +--rw v1? empty
| +--rw v2c? empty
| +--rw v3? empty
+--rw engine-id? snmp:engine-id
+--rw enable-authen-traps? boolean
+--rw snmp
+--rw target* [name]
| +--rw name snmp:identifier
| +--rw (transport)
| | +--:(udp)
| | +--rw udp
| | +--rw ip inet:ip-address
| | +--rw port? inet:port-number
| | +--rw prefix-length? uint8
| +--rw tag* snmp:identifier
| +--rw timeout? uint32
| +--rw retries? uint8
| +--rw target-params snmp:identifier
+--rw target-params* [name]
+--rw name snmp:identifier
+--rw (params)?
+--rw snmp
+--rw target-params* [name]
| ...
| +--rw (params)?
| +--:(v1)
| | +--rw v1
| | +--rw security-name snmp:security-name
| +--:(v2c)
| +--rw v2c
| +--rw security-name snmp:security-name
+--rw target* [name]
+--rw mms? union
+--rw snmp
+--rw usm
+--rw local
| +--rw user* [name]
| +-- {common user params}
+--rw remote* [engine-id]
+--rw engine-id snmp:engine-id
+--rw user* [name]
+-- {common user params}
+--rw name snmp:identifier
+--rw auth!
| +--rw (protocol)
| +--:(md5)
| | +--rw md5
| | +-- rw key yang:hex-string
| +--:(sha)
| +--rw sha
| +-- rw key yang:hex-string
+--rw priv!
+--rw (protocol)
+--:(des)
| +--rw des
| +-- rw key yang:hex-string
+--:(aes)
+--rw aes
+-- rw key yang:hex-string
+--rw snmp
+--rw target-params* [name]
...
+--rw (params)?
+--:(usm)
+--rw usm
+--rw user-name snmp:security-name
+--rw security-level security-level
+--rw snmp
+--rw target-params* [name]
...
+--rw (params)?
+--:(tsm)
+--rw tsm
+--rw security-name snmp:security-name
+--rw security-level security-level
+--rw snmp
...
+--rw target* [name]
| ...
| +--rw (transport)
| ...
| +--:(tls)
| | +--rw tls
| | +-- {common (d)tls transport params}
| +--:(dtls)
| +--rw dtls
| +-- {common (d)tls transport params}
+--rw tlstm
+--rw cert-to-name* [id]
+--rw id uint32
+--rw fingerprint x509c2n:tls-fingerprint
+--rw map-type identityref
+--rw name string
+--rw snmp
+--rw engine
...
+--rw listen* [name]
...
+--rw (transport)
...
+--:(tls)
| +--rw tls
| +--rw ip inet:ip-address
| +--rw port? inet:port-number
+--:(dtls)
+--rw dtls
+--rw ip inet:ip-address
+--rw port? inet:port-number
+--rw snmp
...
+--rw target* [name]
...
+--rw (transport)
...
+--:(ssh)
+--rw ssh
+--rw ip inet:host
+--rw port? inet:port-number
+--rw username? string
+--rw snmp
+--rw engine
...
+--rw listen* [name]
...
+--rw (transport)
...
+--:(ssh)
+--rw ssh
+--rw ip inet:host
+--rw port? inet:port-number
+--rw username? string
+------------+-----------------+
| Type | Algorithm |
|------------+-----------------|
| rfc822Name | san-rfc822-name |
| dNSName | san-dns-name |
| iPAddress | san-ip-address |
+------------+-----------------+
C1+M +------------+ C1+M
+---->| Regex LFB |----+
+----------+ | +------------+ | +----------+
| |---+ +------>| |
P | | C2+M +------------+ C2+M | | P
--->| Splitter |-------->| Regex LFB |----------->| Merger |--->
| LFB | CN+M +------------+ CN+M | LFB |
| |---+ +------>| |
+----------+ | +------------+ | +----------+
+---->| Regex LFB |----+
+------------+
+----------+ +------------+ +-------+ +----------+
| |P+M | Classifier |P+M | Meter |P+M | |
P | |--->| LFB |--->| LFB |--->| | P
--->| Splitter | +------------+ +-------+ | Merger |--->
| LFB | | LFB |
| |P+M +------------+ P+M | |
| |--------->| IPv4 TTL |---------->| |
+----------+ | Decrement | +----------+
| LFB |
+------------+
+---------------+
SplitterIn | | SplitterOut
---------->| Splitter LFB |------------->
| |
+---------------+
+-------------+
MergerIn | |
--------->| | MergerOut
| Merger LFB |----------->
InvalidIn | |
--------->| |
+-------------+
*** *** *** ***
* ** ** ** *
* *
* Multicast Cloud *
* *
* ** ** ** *
*** *** *** ***
/ \
/ \
/ \
+........../..+ +..\..........+
. +-------+-+ .______. +-+-------+ .
. | PAR |()_______)| NAR | .
. | (PMAG) | . . | (NMAG) | .
. +----+----+ . . +----+----+ .
. | . . | .
. ___|___ . . ___|___ .
. / \ . . / \ .
. ( P-AN ) . . ( N-AN ) .
. \_______/ . . \_______/ .
. | . . | .
. +----+ . . +----+ .
. | MN | ----------> | MN | .
. +----+ . . +----+ .
+.............+ +.............+
MN PAR NAR
| | |
|------RtSolPr------->| |
|<-----PrRtAdv--------| |
| | |
| | |
|---------FBU-------->|----------HI--------->|
| (Multicast MobOpt) | (Multicast MobOpt) |
| | |
| |<--------HAck---------|
| | (Multicast AckOpt) |
| | Join to
| | Multicast
| | Groups
| | |
| <-----FBack---|--FBack------> |
| (Multicast AckOpt) | (Multicast AckOpt) |
| | |
disconnect optional |
| packet ================>|
| forwarding |
| | |
connect | |
| | |
|------------UNA --------------------------->|
|<=================================== deliver packets
| |
MN PAR NAR
| | |
|------RtSolPr------->| |
|<-----PrRtAdv--------| |
| | |
disconnect | |
| | |
| | |
connect | |
|-------UNA-----------|--------------------->|
|-------FBU-----------|---------------------)|
| (Multicast MobOpt) |<-------FBU----------)|
| | |
Join to | |
Multicast | |
Groups | |
| |----------HI--------->|
| | (Multicast MobOpt) |
| |<-------HAck----------|
| | (Multicast AckOpt) |
| | |
| |(HI/HAck if necessary)|
| | |
| FBack, optional |
| packet forwarding ==========>|
| | |
|<=================================== deliver packets
| |
PMAG NMAG
MN P-AN N-AN (PAR) (NAR)
| | | | |
| Report | | | |
|---(MN ID,-->| | | |
| New AP ID) | | | |
| | HO Indication | |
| |--(MN ID, New AP ID)-->| |
| | | | |
| | | Optional: |
| | | MLD Query |
| | | | |
| | | |------HI---->|
| | | |(Multicast MobOpt)
| | | | |
| | | |<---HAck-----|
| | | |(Multicast AckOpt)
| | | | |
| | | | Join to
| | | | Multicast
| | | | Groups
| | | | |
| | | |HI/HAck(optional)
| | | |<- - - - - ->|
| | | | |
| | | optional packet |
| | | forwarding =======>|
disconnect | | | |
| | | | |
connect | | | |
| MN-AN connection | AN-MAG connection |
|<----establishment----->|<----establishment------->|
| | | (substitute for UNA) |
| | | | |
|<========================================== deliver packets
| | | | |
PMAG NMAG
MN P-AN N-AN (PAR) (NAR)
| | | | |
disconnect | | | |
| | | | |
connect | | | |
| | | | |
| MN-AN connection | AN-MAG connection |
|<---establishment---->|<----establishment------->|
| | |(substitute for UNA & FBU)|
| | | | |
| | | | MLD Query
| | | | |
| | | | Join to
| | | | Multicast
| | | | Groups
| | | |
| | | |<------HI----|
| | | |(Multicast MobOpt)
| | | | |
| | | |---HAck----->|
| | | |(Multicast AckOpt)
| | | | |
| | | | |
| | | |HI/HAck(optional)
| | | |<- - - - - ->|
| | | | |
| | | optional packet |
| | | forwarding =======>|
| | | | |
|<======================================== deliver packets
| | | | |
A----B----C----D----E---N
\ / / \
\ M ---/-- \
\ / \ \
P-----Q-----R-----S----T
/| \ \ \ \
/ F---G---H J--K---L \
/ \
V------W-------X-------Y-------Z
Header Parameter Predefined References
Field Name Values
___________________________________________________________
...................................................
: :
: :
|Node_i|<------->(Routing Neighbor _________________ :
: Discovery)------------>Neighbor Topology :
: -------+--------- :
: | :
|Node_j|<------->(Route/Topology +--------+ :
: Exchange) | :
: | V ______ :
: +---->(Route Generation)--->Routes :
: ---+-- :
: | :
: Routing on Node_k | :
...................................................
|
|Forwarding |
|on Node_l|<-------------------------------------------+
|Node_1|-------------Unreachable---------x|Node_2|
| ^
| Private Link |
'-->|Attacker_1|===========>|Attacker_2|--'
|Node_1| |Node_4|
| |
`--------. |
Falsify as \ |
Good Link \ | |
to Node_5 \ | |
\ V V
|Node_2|-->|Attacker|--Not Forwarded---x|Node_5|
^ ^ \
| | \ Falsify as
| | \Good Link
/ | to Node_5
,-------' |
| |
|Node_3| |Node_i|
--------------------------
/ PCN-domain \
|----| | | |----|
H--| R |\ |-----| |------| /| R |-->H
H--| |\\| | |---| |---| | |//| |-->H
|----| \| | | I | | I | | |/ |----|
| Agg |======================>| Deag |
/| | | | | | | |\
H--------//| | |---| |---| | |\\-------->H
H--------/ |-----| |------| \-------->H
| |
\ /
--------------------------
E2E Path
----------->
(1)
E2E Path
------------------------------->
(2)
E2E PathErr(NEW-AGGREGATE-NEEDED,SOI=GApcn)
<----------------------------------------
(3)
AggPath(Session=GApcn)
------------------------------->
(4)
E2E Path
----------->
(5)
AggResv (Session=GApcn) (PCN object)
<-------------------------------
(6)
AggResvConfirm (Session=GApcn)
------------------------------>
(7)
E2E Resv
<---------
(8)
E2E Resv (SOI=GApcn)
<-----------------------------
(9)
E2E Resv
<-----------
Flow Bandwidth
^
|--------------------|--------------------|
| | |
Large | SLLF | LLLF |
Flow | | |
|--------------------|--------------------|
| | |
Small | SLSF | LLSF |
Flow | | |
+--------------------+--------------------+-->Flow Duration
Short-Lived Long-Lived
Flow Flow
+-----------+ -> +-----------+
| | -> | |
| | ===> | |
| (1)|--------|(1) |
| | -> | |
| | -> | |
| (R1) | -> | (R2) |
| (2)|--------|(2) |
| | -> | |
| | -> | |
| | ===> | |
| | ===> | |
| (3)|--------|(3) |
| | | |
+-----------+ +-----------+
+-----------+ -> +-----------+
| | -> | |
| | ===> | |
| (1)|--------|(1) |
| | | |
| | ===> | |
| | -> | |
| | -> | |
| (R1) | -> | (R2) |
| (2)|--------|(2) |
| | | |
| | -> | |
| | -> | |
| | ===> | |
| (3)|--------|(3) |
| | | |
+-----------+ +-----------+
+~~~/~~~/~~~+ +~~~/~~~/~~~+~~~~~+~~~/~~~/~~~+ +~~~/~~~/~~~+
| L \ T \ V |...| L \ T \ V | 0 | L \ T \ V |...| L \ T \ V |
+~~~/~~~/~~~+ +~~~/~~~/~~~+~~~~~+~~~/~~~/~~~+ +~~~/~~~/~~~+
^ ^ ^ ^ ^
| Zero or more non-empty | | | Zero or more Options |
| Options | | +------ or Markers -------+
| | |
+--- Canonical Section ---+ +---- First Marker
(if present)
+-------------/-+-------------/-+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~+
| length \ | 0x00 \ | hostname |
+-------------/-+-------------/-+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~/
+-------------/-+-------------/-+
| length \ | 0x0a \ |
+-------------/-+-------------/-+
+-------------/-+-------------/-+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~+
| length \ | 0x0e \ | extra randomness |
+-------------/-+-------------/-+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~/
+-------------/-+-------------/-+-------------/-+
| length \ | 0x15 \ | group ID \ |
+-------------/-+-------------/-+-------------/-+
+-------------/-+-------------/-+-------------/-+
| length \ | 0x1d \ | group ID \ |
+-------------/-+-------------/-+-------------/-+
+------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Diffie-Hellman Public Key |
+------------------------------------------------------------------/
+~~~/~~~/~~~~~~~+ +~~~/~~~/~~~~~~~+
| L \ T \ V |...............| L \ T \ V |
+~~~/~~~/~~~~~~~+ +~~~/~~~/~~~~~~~+
^ ^
+------------- Zero or more Options ----------+
+~~~/~~~/~~~~~~~+ +~~~/~~~/~~~~~~~+
| L \ T \ V |...............| L \ T \ V |
+~~~/~~~/~~~~~~~+ +~~~/~~~/~~~~~~~+
^ ^
+------------- Zero or more Options ----------+
+-------------/-+-------------/-+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~+
| length \ | 0x00 \ | hostname |
+-------------/-+-------------/-+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~/
+-------------/-+-------------/-+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~+
| length \ | 0x0a \ | ancillary data |
+-------------/-+-------------/-+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~/
+~~~/~~~/~~~~~~~+ +~~~/~~~/~~~~~~~+
| L \ T \ V |...............| L \ T \ V |
+~~~/~~~/~~~~~~~+ +~~~/~~~/~~~~~~~+
^ ^
+------------- Zero or more Options ----------+
+-------------/-+-------------/-+-------------/-+
| length \ | 0x0d \ | group ID \ |
+-------------/-+-------------/-+-------------/-+
+------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Diffie-Hellman Public Key |
+------------------------------------------------------------------/
+-------------/-+-------------/-+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~+
| length \ | 0x0e \ | extra randomness |
+-------------/-+-------------/-+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~/
+-------------/-+-------------/-+-------------/-+
| length \ | 0x1d \ | group ID \ |
+-------------/-+-------------/-+-------------/-+
+----------------+ +----------------+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~+
| CBC Block 1 | ... | CBC Block N | truncatedHMAC |
+----------------+ +----------------+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~+
^ ^ ^
| Zero or more AES-128 chained | hmacLength bytes long |
+-------- cipher blocks -----------+--- (may be zero) ---+
| |
F1: M1 M2 M4 Sync(8,2) | Sync(13,2).....| M7
| |
F2: M3 Sync(8,2).......| M5 Sync(13,2) | M6
| |
Barrier 8 Barrier 13
Client Server
------>--C2S-Control-Flow------------------------->--+
|
+--<------------------------S2C-Control-Flow---<--+
| |
| <------------------------S2C-Stream-Flow-1--<--+
| : |
| <------------------------S2C-Stream-Flow-M--<--+
|
+-->--C2S-Stream-Flow-1------------------------>
| :
+-->--C2S-Stream-Flow-N------------------------>
Client Server
|IHello (EPD:anc=URI) |
-+- |------------------------>|
| | |
| | RHello (RCert:anc)|
RTMFP | |<------------------------|
Session| | |
Hand- | |IIKeying |
shake | |------------------------>|
| | |
| | RIKeying|
-+- |<------------------------|
| |
-+- |"connect" command |
(Str.ID=0)|-CFlow-0---------------->|
| | |
| | "_result" response|
RTMP | |<----------------SFlow-0-|(Str.ID=0,
Connect| | | Assoc=CFlow-0)
Hand- | |"setPeerInfo" command |
shake | |-CFlow-0---------------->|
-+- | |
|"createStream" command |
-+- |-CFlow-0---------------->|
| | |
| | "_result" (str.ID=5)|
| |<----------------SFlow-0-|
| | |
| |"play" command |
(Str.ID=5,|-CFlow-1---------------->|
Assoc=SFlow-0)| |
| | StreamBegin User Control|
| |<----------------SFlow-1-|(Str.ID=5,
| | | Assoc=CFlow-0)
| | (RTMP stream events) |
Streaming | |<----------------SFlow-1-|
| | |
| | Audio Data |
| |<----------------SFlow-2-|(Str.ID=5,
| | | Assoc=CFlow-0)
| | Video Data |
| |<----------------SFlow-3-|(Str.ID=5,
| | : | Assoc=CFlow-0)
| : |
Subscriber Publisher
------>--Subscriber-Control-Flow------------------>--+
|
<------------------Publisher-Stream-Flow-1--<--+
: |
<------------------Publisher-Stream-Flow-N--<--+
o--------------------------------o
| |
| +-------------+ +----------+ |
| | Application | | Service | |
| +-------------+ +----------+ |
| Application Plane |
o---------------Y----------------o
|
*-----------------------------Y---------------------------------*
| Network Services Abstraction Layer (NSAL) |
*------Y------------------------------------------------Y-------*
| |
| Service Interface |
| |
o------Y------------------o o---------------------Y------o
| | Control Plane | | Management Plane | |
| +----Y----+ +-----+ | | +-----+ +----Y----+ |
| | Service | | App | | | | App | | Service | |
| +----Y----+ +--Y--+ | | +--Y--+ +----Y----+ |
| | | | | | | |
| *----Y-----------Y----* | | *---Y---------------Y----* |
| | Control Abstraction | | | | Management Abstraction | |
| | Layer (CAL) | | | | Layer (MAL) | |
| *----------Y----------* | | *----------Y-------------* |
| | | | | |
o------------|------------o o------------|---------------o
| |
| CP | MP
| Southbound | Southbound
| Interface | Interface
| |
*------------Y---------------------------------Y----------------*
| Device and resource Abstraction Layer (DAL) |
*------------Y---------------------------------Y----------------*
| | | |
| o-------Y----------o +-----+ o--------Y----------o |
| | Forwarding Plane | | App | | Operational Plane | |
| o------------------o +-----+ o-------------------o |
| Network Device |
+---------------------------------------------------------------+
10 bits 54 bits 64 bits
+----------+-----------------------+----------------------------+
|1111111010| (zeros) | Interface Identifier (IID) |
+----------+-----------------------+----------------------------+
+------+---------+----------+---+-----+----------...
|HomeID|SrcNodeID|FrmControl|Len|SeqNo|DestNodeID|
+------+---------+----------+---+-----+----------+-...
...+--------------+----------------+-----------------------...
|6LoWPAN CmdCls|6LoWPAN_IPHC Hdr|Compressed IPv6 headers|
...-------------+----------------+-----------------------+-...
...+-------------------------+------------+-----------+
|Uncompressed IPv6 headers|TCP/UDP/ICMP|App payload|
...------------------------+------------+-----------+
CN1 CN2 CN3 HA1 HA2 AR1 AR3 MN1 MN2
| | | | | | | | |
|<-------------->|<======tunnel====+=============>| | BT mode
| | | | | | | | |
| |<-------------->|<======tunnel====+==============>| BT mode
| | | | | | | | |
| | |<----------------------------+-------------->| RO mode
| | | | | | | | |
+---------------------------------------------------------+
| PCRF |
+-----------+--------------------------+----------------+-+
| | |
+----+ +-----------+------------+ +--------+-----------+ +-+-+
| | | +-+ | | Core Network | | |
| | | +------+ |S|__ | | +--------+ +---+ | | |
| | | |GERAN/|_|G| \ | | | HSS | | | | | |
| +-----+ UTRAN| |S| \ | | +---+----+ | | | | E |
| | | +------+ |N| +-+-+ | | | | | | | x |
| | | +-+ /|MME| | | +---+----+ | | | | t |
| | | +---------+ / +---+ | | | 3GPP | | | | | e |
| +-----+ E-UTRAN |/ | | | AAA | | | | | r |
| | | +---------+\ | | | SERVER | | | | | n |
| | | \ +----+ | | +--------+ | | | | a |
| | | 3GPP AN \|S-GW+---- S5---------------+ P | | | l |
| | | +----+ | | | - | | | |
| | +------------------------+ | | G | | | I |
| UE | | | W | | | P |
| | +------------------------+ | | +-----+ |
| | |+-------------+ +------+| | | | | | n |
| | || Untrusted +-+ ePDG +-S2b---------------+ | | | e |
| +---+| non-3GPP AN | +------+| | | | | | t |
| | |+-------------+ | | | | | | w |
| | +------------------------+ | | | | | o |
| | | | | | | r |
| | +------------------------+ | | | | | k |
| +---+ Trusted non-3GPP AN +-S2a--------------+ | | | s |
| | +------------------------+ | | | | | |
| | | +-+-+ | | |
| +--------------------------S2c--------------------| | | |
| | | | | |
+----+ +--------------------+ +---+
+---------+ IP traffic to mobile operator's CN
| User |....................................(Operator's CN)
| Equipm. |..................
+---------+ . Local IP traffic
.
+-----------+
|Residential|
|enterprise |
|IP network |
+-----------+
SIPTO Traffic
|
.
.
+-------+ +------+
| P-GW1 | ---- | MME |
+-------+ / +------+
| /
+------+ +-----+ +------+/ +-------+
| UE |.....| eNB |...| S-GW |........| P-GW2 |... CN Traffic
+------+ +-----+ +------+ +-------+
+------------+ +------+ +----------+ +-------------+ =====
|Residential | | HeNB | | Backhaul | |Mobile | ( IP )
|Enterprise |..|------|..| |..|Operator |..(Network)
|Network | | L-GW | | | |Core network | =======
+------------+ +------+ +----------+ +-------------+
/
|
/
+-----+
| UE |
+-----+
S
P / \ P
/ \
^ G1 R1 ^
P / \ P
/ \
G2----------R2 ^
| \ | \ P
^ | \ | \
P | G3----------R3
| | | |
| | | | ^
G4---|------R4 | P
^ \ | \ |
P \ | \ |
G5----------R5
^ | | ^
P | | P
| |
Gi Ri
\ \__ ^ /|
\ \ S1/ | ^
^ \ ^\ / |P2
P1 \ S2\_/__ |
\ / \|
PE1 PE2
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
| T | ESI Value |
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
+------------+------------------------------------------+-----------+
| Package | Description | Reference |
+------------+------------------------------------------+-----------+
+------------+------------------------------------------+-----------+
| Content | Description | Reference |
+------------+------------------------------------------+-----------+
2B string 1B string 1B string 1B string 1B
+-------+---~~---+----+---~~---+----+-----~~-----+----+---~~---+----+
| opc |filename| 0 | mode | 0 | windowsize | 0 | #blocks| 0 |
+-------+---~~---+----+---~~---+----+-----~~-----+----+---~~---+----+
+------+--------+----+-------+----+------------+----+----+----+
|0x0001| foobar |0x00| octet |0x00| windowsize |0x00| 16 |0x00|
+------+--------+----+-------+----+------------+----+----+----+
[ DRCV ] <---traffic---> [ DSND ]
ACK# -> <- Data Block# window block#
...
<- |DB n+01| 1
<- |DB n+02| 2
<- |DB n+03| 3
<- |DB n+04| 4
|ACK n+04| ->
<- |DB n+05| 1
Error |<- |DB n+06| 2
<- |DB n+07| 3
|ACK n+05| ->
<- |DB n+06| 1
<- |DB n+07| 2
<- |DB n+08| 3
<- |DB n+09| 4
|ACK n+09| ->
<- |DB n+10| 1
Error |<- |DB n+11| 2
<- |DB n+12| 3
|ACK n+10| ->| Error
<- |DB n+13| 4
- timeout -
<- |DB n+10| 1
<- |DB n+11| 2
<- |DB n+12| 3
<- |DB n+13| 4
|ACK n+13| ->
...
^
|
300 +
Seconds | windowsize | time (s)
| ---------- ------
| x 1 257
250 + 2 131
| 4 76
| 8 54
| 16 42
200 + 32 38
| 64 35
|
|
150 +
|
| x
|
100 +
|
| x
|
50 + x
| x
| x x
|
0 +-//--+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-->
1 2 4 8 16 32 64
Value | Name | Reference
------+------------------------------+------------
11 | Transit IPv4 Shared Tree TLV | [RFC7442]
12 | Transit IPv6 Shared Tree TLV | [RFC7442]
+-----------------------------+ +------------------------+
|Visited Network | |Home Network |
| +----+ +----+---+ | (GRX/IPX) | +--------+ Traffic Flow
| | UE |=======>|SGSN/SGW|====================>|GGSN/PGW|============>
| +----+ +----+---+ | | +--------+ |
| |MME | | | |
| +----+ | Signaling | +--------+ |
| |-------------------------->|HLR/HSS | |
| | | +--------+ |
+-----------------------------+ +------------------------+
+----------------------------+ +----------------+
|Visited Network | |Home Network |
| +----+ +--------+ | Signaling | +--------+ |
| | UE |=======>|SGSN/MME|------------------->|HLR/HSS | |
| +----+ +---+----+ | (GRX/IPX) | +--------+ |
| |SGW| | | |
| +---+ | | |
| || | | |
| +--------+ | | |
| |GGSN/PGW| | | |
| +--------+ | | |
| Traffic Flow || | | |
+------------------||--------+ +----------------+
\/
I1 +-------------+ +-------------+ O1
----->| | +--------+ | |----->
I2 | +------+ Rb #1 +-------+ | O2
----->| | +--------+ | |----->
| | | |
| Resource | +--------+ | Resource |
| Pool +------+ +-------+ Pool |
| | + Rb #2 + | |
| Input +------+ +-------| Output |
| Connection | +--------+ | Connection |
| Matrix | . | Matrix |
| | . | |
| | . | |
IN | | +--------+ | | OM
----->| +------+ Rb #P +-------+ |----->
| | +--------+ | |
+-------------+ ^ ^ +-------------+
| |
| |
| |
| |
I1 +-------------+ +-------------+ O1
----->| | +--------+ | |----->
I2 | +======+ Rb #1 +-+ | | O2
----->| | +--------+ | | |----->
| | |=====| |
| Resource | +--------+ | | Resource |
| Pool | +-+ Rb #2 +-+ | Pool |
| | | +--------+ | |
| Input |====| | Output |
| Connection | | +--------+ | Connection |
| Matrix | +-| Rb #3 |=======| Matrix |
| | +--------+ | |
| | . | |
| | . | |
| | . | |
IN | | +--------+ | | OM
----->| +======+ Rb #P +=======+ |----->
| | +--------+ | |
+-------------+ ^ ^ +-------------+
| |
| |
| |
Single (shared) fibers for block input and output
+-------------------+
| +-------+ +--+ | +-------+ +--+ +-------+ +---+
| | R | |WA| | | R |--->|WA| | R |--->|DWA|
| +-------+ +--+ | +-------+ +--+ +-------+ +---+
| Combined | Separate Processes Separate Processes
| Process | WA performed in a
+-------------------+ distributed manner
(a) (b) (b')
+----------------------------+
+-----+ | +-------+ +--+ |
| | | |Routing| |WA| |
| PCC |<----->| +-------+ +--+ |
| | | |
+-----+ | PCE |
+----------------------------+
Isolated Site | Unicast Network | Native Multicast
| (Internet) |
| |
| |
| Group Membership |
+-------+ =========================> +-------+ Multicast +------+
|Gateway| | | | Relay |<----//----|Source|
+-------+ <========================= +-------+ +------+
| Multicast Data |
| |
| |
General _____ _____
___________ Query | | | | Query ___________
| |<------| | | |<------| |
| Host-Mode | | AMT | | AMT | |Router-Mode|
| IGMP/MLD | | | UDP | | | IGMP/MLD |
|___________|------>| |<----->| |------>|___________|
Report | | | | Report
Leave/Done | | | | Leave/Done
| | | |
IP Multicast <------| | | |<------ IP Multicast
|_____| |_____|
join/leave ---+ +----------+
| | |
V IGMPv3/MLDv2 | |
+---------+ General Query| | AMT
|IGMP/MLD |<-------------| AMT | Messages +------+
|Host-Mode| | Gateway |<-------->|UDP/IP|
|Protocol |------------->|Pseudo-I/F| +------+
+---------+ IGMP/MLD | | ^
Report | | |
Leave/Done | | V
IP Multicast <---------------------| | +---+
+----------+ |I/F|
+---+
+-----------------------------------------------------+
|Host |
| ______________________________________ |
| | | |
| | ___________________________ | |
| | | | | |
| | | v | |
| | | +-----------+ +--------------+ |
| | | |Application| | AMT Daemon | |
| | | +-----------+ +--------------+ |
| | | join/leave | ^ data ^ AMT |
| | | | | | |
| | | +----|---|-------------|-+ |
| | | | __| |_________ | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | Sockets | | | |
| | | +-|------+-------+-|---|-+ |
| | | | | IGMP | TCP | |UDP| | |
| | | +-|------+-------+-|---|-+ |
| | | | | ^ IP | | | |
| | | | | | ____________| | | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | +-|-|-|----------------|-+ |
| | | | | | | |
| | | IP(IGMP)| | |IP(UDP(data)) |IP(UDP(AMT)) |
| | | v | | v |
| | | +-----------+ +---+ |
| | | |Virtual I/F| |I/F| |
| | | +-----------+ +---+ |
| | | | ^ ^ |
| | | IP(IGMP)| |IP(UDP(data)) | |
| | |_________| |IP(IGMP) | |
| | | | |
| |_________________| | |
| | |
+--------------------------------------|--------------+
v
AMT Relay
+------------------------------+
+--------+ | Multicast Control Plane |
| |IGMP/MLD| |
| | Query* | +------------+ +----------+ |
| |<---//----|IGMPv3/MLDv2| |Multicast | |
AMT | | | |Router-Mode |->|Routing |<->
+------+ Messages | AMT |----//--->|Protocol | |Protocol | |
|UDP/IP|<-------->| Relay |IGMP/MLD| +------------+ +----------+ |
+------+ | Pseudo-| Report | | | |
^ | I/F | Leave/ +------|---------------|-------+
| | | Done | |
| | | v |
V | | IP +-----------+ |
+---+ | | Multicast |Multicast |<------+
|I/F| | |<---//-----|Forwarding |
+---+ +--------+ |Plane |<--- IP Multicast
+-----------+
Gateway Relay
------- -----
: :
| |
[1] |Relay Discovery |
|------------------->|
| |
| Relay Advertisement| [2]
|<-------------------|
[3] | |
: :
IGMP/MLD Pseudo-I/F Relay
-------- ---------- -----
: : :
| | Request |
| 1|-------------------->|
| | Membership Query |2
Query | | Q(0,{}) |
Timer | Start 3|<--------------------|
(QT)<--------------------------| |
| Q(0,{}) | |
|<--------------------| |
4| R({}) | Membership Update |
|-------------------->|5 R({}) |
| |====================>|6a
Join(S,G) : : :
()-------->|7 R({G:ALLOW({S})}) | Membership Update |
|-------------------->|8 R({G:ALLOW({S})}) |
| |====================>|9a Join(S,G)
| | |---------->()
: : :
| ------------|---------------------|------------
| | | | |
| | | Multicast Data | IP(S,G) |
| | | IP(S,G) 10|<--------() |
| | IP(S,G) 11|<====================| |
| | ()<--------| | |
| | | | |
: ------------:---------------------:------------
| Expired | |
(QT)-------------------------->|12 Request |
| 1|-------------------->|
| | Membership Query |2
| | Q(0,{}) |
| Start 3|<--------------------|
(QT)<--------------------------| |
| Q(0,{}) | |
|<--------------------| |
4| R({G:INCLUDE({S})}) | Membership Update |
|-------------------->|5 R({G:INCLUDE({S})})|
| |====================>|6b
Leave(S,G) : : :
()-------->|7 R({G:BLOCK({S})}) | Membership Update |
|-------------------->|8 R({G:BLOCK({S})}) |
| |====================>|9b Prune(S,G)
| | |---------->()
: : :
Gateway Relay
------- -----
: Request :
[1] | N |
|---------------------->|
| Membership Query | [2]
| N,MAC,gADDR,gPORT |
|<======================|
[3] | Membership Update |
| ({G:INCLUDE({S})}) |
|======================>|
| |
---------------------:-----------------------:---------------------
| | | |
| | *Multicast Data | *IP Packet(S,G) |
| | gADDR,gPORT |<-----------------() |
| *IP Packet(S,G) |<======================| |
| ()<-----------------| | |
| | | |
---------------------:-----------------------:---------------------
~ ~
~ Request ~
[4] | N' |
|---------------------->|
| Membership Query | [5]
| N',MAC',gADDR',gPORT' |
|<======================|
[6] | |
| Teardown |
| N,MAC,gADDR,gPORT |
|---------------------->|
| | [7]
| Membership Update |
| ({G:INCLUDE({S})}) |
|======================>|
| |
---------------------:-----------------------:---------------------
| | | |
| | *Multicast Data | *IP Packet(S,G) |
| | gADDR',gPORT' |<-----------------() |
| *IP Packet (S,G) |<======================| |
| ()<-----------------| | |
| | | |
---------------------:-----------------------:---------------------
| |
: :
IP:IGMP IP:IGMP
| AMT:IP:IGMP AMT:IP:IGMP |
| | | |
| | IP:UDP:AMT:IP:IGMP | |
_______ | ___ | ______ | ______ | ___ | _______
|IGMP|IP| v |AMT| v |UDP|IP| v |IP|UDP| v |AMT| v |IP|IGMP|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| |<------------------------------------------------------->| |
|____| | | | | | | | | | | | | |____|
| |<--------------------------------------------------| |
|_______| ^ |___| ^ |___|__| ^ |__|___| ^ |___| ^ |_______|
| | | | |
IP AMT:IP IP:UDP:AMT:IP AMT:IP IP
Gateway Relay-1
------- -------
: :
Query Expired | |
Timer (QT)-------->| |
| Relay Discovery |
|------------------->|
| |
| Relay Advertisement|
|<-------------------|
| |
| Request |
|------------------->|
| |
| Membership Query |
|<===================|
Start | |
(QT)<--------| Membership Update |
|===================>|
| |
~ ~ Relay-2
Expired | | -------
(QT)-------->| | :
| Relay Discovery | |
|------------------------------------>|
| | |
| Relay Advertisement| |
|<------------------------------------|
| | |
| Teardown | |
|------------------->| |
| | |
| Request | |
|------------------------------------>|
| | |
| Membership Query | |
|<====================================|
Start | | |
(QT)<--------| Membership Update | |
|====================================>|
| | |
: : :
_,,,, ,,,,
/ -'`` \
| Wireless |
\ Network |
/ \
,''''''''| / . ,''''''''|
| Light | ------|------------------\------| Light |
| Bulb | . | | Switch |
|........' `'- / |........'
\ _-...-`
Manufacturer `. ,.' Manufacturer
A ` B
.................
| Application |
| Service |
| Provider |
| example.com |
|_______________|
_, .
HTTP ,' `. CoAP
TLS _,' `. DTLS
TCP ,' `._ UDP
IP -' - IP
,'''''''''''''| ,'''''''''''''''''|
| Device with | | Device with |
| Temperature | | Carbon Monoxide |
| Sensor | | Sensor |
|.............' |.................'
.................
| Application |
| Service |
| Provider |
| example.com |
|_______________|
|
|
| IPv4/IPv6
.................
| Local |
| Gateway |
| |
|_______________|
_, .
HTTP ,' `. CoAP
TLS _,' Bluetooth Smart `. DTLS
TCP ,' IEEE 802.11 `._ UDP
IPv6 -' IEEE 802.15.4 - IPv6
,'''''''''''''| ,'''''''''''''''''|
| Device with | | Device with |
| Temperature | | Carbon Monoxide |
| Sensor | | Sensor |
|.............' |.................'
.................
| Application |
.| Service |
,-` | Provider |
.` | b-example.com |
,-` |_______________|
.`
................. ,-`
| Application |-` HTTPS
| Service | OAuth 2.0
| Provider | JSON
| example.com |-,
|_______________| '.
_, `',
,' '.
_,' CoAP or `', .................
,' HTTP '. | Application |
-' `'| Service |
,''''''''| | Provider |
| Light | | c-example.com |
| Sensor | |_______________|
|........'
Tunnel1-->XC1<--------------
^ ^ | | |
| | | |-->InSeg1 |
| | | |-->OutSeg1 |
| | v |
| ------XCext1 |
| | |
V v |
Tunnel2-->XC1 |
^ | | |
| | |-->InSeg2 |
| | |-->OutSeg2 |
| v |
------XCext2------------
MPLS-TC-EXT-STD-MIB
^
|
|
+<---- MPLS-ID-STD-MIB
^
| |
+<---- MPLS-TE-EXT-STD-MIB
| |
| V
| MPLS-TE-STD-MIB
| |
| |
| V
| MPLS-LSR-STD-MIB
| ^
| |
| |
+------MPLS-LSR-EXT-STD-MIB
mplsTunnelExtNodeConfigTable
^ ^ ^
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | +----------------------+
| | |
| mplsTunnelExtNodeIpMapTable mplsTunnelExtNodeIccMapTable
|
| mplsXCExtTable
| | ^
| +---------+ |
| | |
| | |
| V V
mplsTunnelTable ---->mplsXCTable
^
|
|
|
mplsTunnelExtTable
+-------+ +-------+ +-------+
| | | | | |
| RB1 |<===>| RB3 |<===>| RB2 |
| | | | | |
+-------+ +-------+ +-------+
MEP MIP MEP
T1 T4
Sender ----------------------- ----> time
\ /\
\ /
DMM \ / DMR
\/ /
Reflector -----------------------
T2 T3
MN WAN AAA IPCN
(MAG) (LMA)
1)|<----------Beacon--------| | |
2)|<----------Probe-------->| | |
| | | |
| 802.11 Auth| | |
3)|<----------------------->| | |
| | | |
| 802.11 Association| | |
4)|<----------------------->| | |
| | | |
5)|<----EAP Req/Identity----| | |
| | | |
6)|----EAP Resp/Identity----|->--EAP Resp/Identity--->| |
| | | |
7)|<-EAP Req/AKA-Challenge<-|--EAP Req/AKA-Challenge--| |
| | | |
8)|-EAP Resp/AKA-Challenge--|>EAP Resp/AKA-Challenge->| |
| | | |
9)|<-----EAP Success------<-|------EAP Success--------| |
| | | |
10)|<====== 802.11 Data ====>|<========== 802.11 Data ====Tunnel to=>|
| | | core network|
| | | |
***** *** Normal PDF
** : ** --- Rectangular PDF
** : **
** : **
.---------*---------------*---------.
| ** : ** |
| ** : ** |
| * <-- s -->: * |
| * : : : * |
| ** : ** |
| * : : : * |
| * : * |
|** : : : **|
** : **
*** | : : : | ***
***** | :<------ h ------>| *****
.****-------+.......:.........:.........:.......+-------*****.
m
*****
**:::::**
**:::::::::**
**:::::::::::**
*:::::::::::::::*
**:::::::::::::::**
**:::::::::::::::::**
*:::::::::::::::::::::*
*:::::::::::::::::::::::*
**:::::::::::::::::::::::**
*:::::::::::: c ::::::::::::*
*:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::*
**|:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::|**
** |:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::| **
*** |:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::| ***
***** |:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::| *****
.****..........!:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::!..........*****.
| | |
(m-u) m (m+u)
_.-""""-._
.' `. _ Region of
/ \ / Uncertainty
..+-"""--.. |
.-' | :::::: `-. |
,' | :: Ao ::: `. |
/ \ :::::::::: \ /
/ `._ :::::: _.X
| `-....-' |
| |
| |
\ /
`. .' \_ Region of
`._ _.' Interest
`--..___..--'
+-----------------------+
| Meter Capabilities |
| --------------------- |
| eoMeterCapability |
+-----------------------+
+-----------------------+
|---> | Energy Object ID (*) |
| | --------------------- |
| | entPhysicalIndex |
| | entPhysicalClass |
| | entPhysicalName |
| | entPhysicalUUID |
| +-----------------------+
|
| +---------------------------+
|---- |_ Power Table |
| | ------------------------- |
| | eoPower |
| | eoPowerNamePlate |
| | eoPowerUnitMultiplier |
| | eoPowerAccuracy |
| | eoPowerMeasurementCaliber |
| | eoPowerCurrentType |
| | eoPowerMeasurementLocal |
| | eoPowerAdminState |
| | eoPowerOperState |
| | eoPowerStateEnterReason |
| +---------------------------+
| +---------------------------------+
|---- |_Energy Object State Statistics |
| |-------------------------------- |
| | eoPowerStateIndex |
| | eoPowerStateMaxPower |
| | eoPowerStatePowerUnitMultiplier |
| | eoPowerStateTotalTime |
| | eoPowerStateEnterCount |
| +---------------------------------+
|
| +----------------------------------+
|---- | Energy ParametersTable |
| | -------------------------------- |
| | eoEnergyObjectIndex |
| | eoEnergyParametersIndex |
| | eoEnergyParametersIntervalLength |
| | eoEnergyParametersIntervalNumber |
| | eoEnergyParametersIntervalMode |
| | eoEnergyParametersIntervalWindow |
| | eoEnergyParametersSampleRate |
| | eoEnergyParametersStorageType |
| | eoEnergyParametersStatus |
| +----------------------------------+
|
| +----------------------------------+
|---- | Energy Table |
| -------------------------------- |
| eoEnergyCollectionStartTime |
| eoEnergyConsumed |
| eoEnergyProvided |
| eoEnergyStored |
| eoEnergyUnitMultiplier |
| eoEnergyAccuracy |
| eoEnergyMaxConsumed |
| eoEnergyMaxProduced |
| eoDiscontinuityTime |
+----------------------------------+
+-----------------------+
|---> | Energy Object ID (*) |
| | --------------------- |
| | entPhysicalIndex |
| | entPhysicalName |
| | entPhysicalUUID |
| +-----------------------+
| +--------------------------------------+
|---- | Power Attributes |
| | ------------------------------------ |
| | eoACPwrAttributesConfiguration |
| | eoACPwrAttributesAvgVoltage |
| | eoACPwrAttributesAvgCurrent |
| | eoACPwrAttributesFrequency |
| | eoACPwrAttributesPowerUnitMultiplier |
| | eoACPwrAttributesPowerAccuracy |
| | eoACPwrAttributesTotalActivePower |
| | eoACPwrAttributesTotalReactivePower |
| | eoACPwrAttributesTotalApparentPower |
| | eoACPwrAttributesTotalPowerFactor |
| | eoACPwrAttributesThdCurrent |
| | eoACPwrAttributesThdVoltage |
| +--------------------------------------+
| +------------------------------------------------+
|---- | AC Input DEL Configuration |
| | ---------------------------------------------- |
| | eoACPwrAttributesDelPhaseIndex |
| | eoACPwrAttributesDelPhaseToNextPhaseVoltage |
| | eoACPwrAttributesDelThdPhaseToNextPhaseVoltage |
| +------------------------------------------------+
|
| +----------------------------------------------+
|---- | AC Input WYE Configuration |
| -------------------------------------------- |
| eoACPwrAttributesWyePhaseIndex |
| eoACPwrAttributesWyePhaseToNeutralVoltage |
| eoACPwrAttributesWyeCurrent |
| eoACPwrAttributesWyeActivePower |
| eoACPwrAttributesWyeReactivePower |
| eoACPwrAttributesWyeApparentPower |
| eoACPwrAttributesWyePowerFactor |
| eoACPwrAttributesWyeThdCurrent |
| eoACPwrAttributesWyeThdPhaseToNeutralVoltage |
+----------------------------------------------+
| | | =========== |
|============ | | |
| | | |
| |============ | |
| | | |
| <--- L ---> | <--- L ---> | <--- L ---> |
| | | |
S1 S2 S3 S4
|============ |
| |
| <--- L ---> |
| |
| |============ |
| | |
| | <--- L ---> |
| | |
| | |============ |
| | | |
| | | <--- L ---> |
| | | |
| | | |============ |
| | | | |
| | | | <--- L ---> |
S1 | | | |
| | | |
| | | |
S2 | | |
| | |
| | |
S3 | |
| |
| |
S4
+--------------------------+
| EO Context Information |
| ------------------------ |
| eoRoleDescription |
| eoKeywords |
| eoImportance |
| eoPowerCategory |
| eoPowerInterfaceType |
| eoDomainName |
+--------------------------+
^
|
+------------------------------+
|--- | EO Identification |
| | ---------------------------- |
| | entPhysicalIndex (*) |
| | entPhysicalName (*) |
| | entPhysicalUUID (*) |
| | entPhysicalClass (*) |
| --------------------------------
| +------------------------------+
|---> | Link to other identifiers |
| |------------------------------|
| | eoEthPortIndex (**) |
| | eoEthPortGrpIndex (**) |
| | eoLldpPortNumber (***) |
| | |
| | eoMgmtMacAddress (optional) |
| | eoMgmtAddressType (optional) |
| | eoMgmtAddress (optional) |
| | eoMgmtDNSName (optional) |
| | eoAlternateKey |
| +------------------------------+
| +------------------------------+
|---> | EO Relationship |
| ---------------------------- |
| eoRelationIndex |
| eoRelationID |
| eoRelationship |
| eoRelationStatus |
| eoRelationStorageType |
+------------------------------+
Registrar Appearance Agent Alice Bob
| | | |
| | | |
|<--------------------------- REGISTER F1<| |
| | | |
|>F2 200 OK ----------------------------->| |
| | | |
| |<----- SUBSCRIBE F3<| |
| | | |
| |>F4 200 OK -------->| |
| | | |
| |>F5 NOTIFY -------->| |
| | | |
| |<-------- 200 OK F6<| |
| | | |
|<-------------------------------------------- REGISTER F7<|
| | | |
|>F8 200 OK ---------------------------------------------->|
| | | |
| |<---------------------- SUBSCRIBE F9<|
| | | |
| |>F10 200 OK ------------------------>|
| | | |
| |>F11 NOTIFY ------------------------>|
| | | |
| |<------------------------ 200 OK F12<|
| | | |
Forking Appearance
Carol Proxy Agent Alice Bob
| | | | |
|>F1 INVITE >| | | |
| |< - - - - - >| | |
| | |>F2 NOTIFY ----------->|
| | | | |
| | |<F3 200 OK -----------<|
| | | | |
| | |>F4 NOTIFY ->| |
| | | | |
| | |<-200 OK F5-<| |
|<- 100 F6 -<| | | |
| |>F7 INVITE (appearance=1) ---------->|
| | | | |
| |>F8 INVITE (appearance=1) >| |
| | | | |
| |<-------------------- Ringing 180 F9<|
|< 180 F10 -<| | | |
| |<--------- 180 Ringing F11<| |
|< 180 F12 -<| | | |
| | | | |
| |<------------------------ 200 OK F13<|
|< 200 F14 -<| | | |
| | | | |
| |>F15 CANCEL -------------->| |
| | | | |
| |<-------------- 200 OK F16<| |
| | | | |
| |<Request Cancelled 487 F17<| |
| | | | |
| |>F18 ACK ----------------->| |
|>F19 ACK -->| | | |
| |>F20 ACK --------------------------->|
| | | | |
|<=============Both way RTP established===========>|
| | | | |
| |< - - - - - >| | |
| | | | |
| | |>F21 NOTIFY >| |
| | | | |
| | |<- 200 F22 -<| |
| | | | |
| | |>F23 NOTIFY ---------->|
| | | | |
| | |<F24 200 OK ----------<|
| | | |
Carol Proxy Alice Appearance Agent Bob
| | | | |
| | | | |
| |<------------------------------------- INVITE F1<|
| | | | |
| |>F2 100 Trying --------------------------------->|
|<-- INVITE F3<| | | |
| |< - - - - - - - - - - - - - ->| |
| | | | |
| | |<-- NOTIFY F4<| |
| | | | |
| | |>F5 200 OK -->| |
| | | |------- NOTIFY F6>|
| | | | |
| | | |<F7 200 OK ------<|
|>F8 180 ---->| | | |
| |>F9 180 Ringing -------------------------------->|
| | | | |
| |< - - - - - - - - - - - - - ->| |
| | | | |
| | |<- NOTIFY F10<| |
| | | | |
| | |>F11 200 OK ->| |
| | | |------ NOTIFY F12>|
| | | | |
| | | |<F13 200 OK -----<|
|>F14 200 OK ->| | | |
| |>F15 200 OK ------------------------------------>|
| | | | |
| |<--------------------------------------- ACK F16<|
|<---- ACK F17<| | | |
| | | | |
|<================= Both way RTP established ===================>|
| | | | |
| |< - - - - - - - - - - - - - ->| |
| | | | |
| | |<- NOTIFY F18<| |
| | | | |
| | |>F19 200 OK ->| |
| | | |------ NOTIFY F20>|
| | | | |
| | | |<F21 200 OK -----<|
| | | | |
Carol Proxy Alice Appearance Agent Bob
| | | | |
| | | |<----- PUBLISH F1<|
| | | | |
| | | |>F2 200 OK ------>|
| | | | |
| | |<-- NOTIFY F3<| |
| | | | |
| | |>F4 200 OK -->| |
| | | |------- NOTIFY F5>|
| | | | |
| | | |<F6 200 OK ------<|
| | | | |
| |<------------------------------------- INVITE F7<|
| | | | |
| |>F8 100 Trying --------------------------------->|
|<-- INVITE F9<| | | |
| | | |<---- PUBLISH F10<|
| | | | |
| | | |>F11 200 OK ----->|
| | | | |
|>F12 180 --->| | | |
| |>F13 180 Ringing ------------------------------->|
| | | | |
| |< - - - - - - - - - - - - - ->| |
| | | | |
| | |<- NOTIFY F14<| |
| | | | |
| | |>F15 200 OK ->| |
| | | |------ NOTIFY F16>|
| | | | |
| | | |<F17 200 OK -----<|
|>F18 200 OK ->| | | |
| |>F19 200 OK ------------------------------------>|
| | | | |
| |<--------------------------------------- ACK F20<|
|<---- ACK F21<| | | |
| | | | |
|<================= Both way RTP established ===================>|
| | | | |
| |< - - - - - - - - - - - - - ->| |
| | | | |
| | |<- NOTIFY F22<| |
| | | | |
| | |>F23 200 OK ->| |
| | | |------ NOTIFY F24>|
| | | | |
| | | |<F25 200 OK -----<|
| | | | |
Carol Proxy Alice Appearance Agent Bob
| | | | |
| | | |<----- PUBLISH F1<|
| | | | |
| | | |>F2 200 OK ------>|
| | | | |
| | |<-- NOTIFY F3<| |
| | | | |
| | |>F4 200 OK -->| |
| | | |------- NOTIFY F5>|
| | | | |
| | | |<F6 200 OK ------<|
| | | | |
| |<------------------------------------- INVITE F7<|
| | | | |
| |>F8 100 Trying --------------------------------->|
|<-- INVITE F9<| | | |
| | | |<---- PUBLISH F10<|
| | | | |
| | | |>F11 200 OK ----->|
| | | | |
|>F12 180 --->| | | |
| |>F13 180 Ringing ------------------------------->|
| | | | |
| |< - - - - - - - - - - - - - ->| |
| | | | |
| | |<- NOTIFY F14<| |
| | | | |
| | |>F15 200 OK ->| |
| | | |------ NOTIFY F16>|
| | | | |
| | | |<F17 200 OK -----<|
|>F18 200 OK ->| | | |
| |>F19 200 OK ------------------------------------>|
| | | | |
| |<--------------------------------------- ACK F20<|
|<---- ACK F21<| | | |
| | | | |
|<================= Both way RTP established ===================>|
| | | | |
| |< - - - - - - - - - - - - - ->| |
| | | | |
| | |<- NOTIFY F22<| |
| | | | |
| | |>F23 200 OK ->| |
| | | |------ NOTIFY F24>|
| | | | |
| | | |<F25 200 OK -----<|
| | | | |
Carol Proxy Alice Appearance Agent Bob
| | | | |
| | | | |
|<================= Both way RTP established ===================>|
| | | | |
|>F22 BYE ---->| | | |
| |>F23 BYE --------------------------------------->|
| | | | |
| |<------------------------------------ 200 OK F24<|
|<--200 OK F25<| | | |
| |< - - - - - - - - - - - - - ->| |
| | | | |
| | |<- NOTIFY F26<| |
| | | | |
| | |>F27 200 OK ->| |
| | | |------ NOTIFY F28>|
| | | | |
| | | |<F29 200 OK -----<|
Carol Proxy Alice Appearance Agent Bob
| | | | |
|<================= Both way RTP established ===================>|
| | | | |
| |<------------------------------(hold) INVITE F22<|
|<- INVITE F23<| | | |
| | | | |
|>F24 200 OK ->| | | |
| |>F25 200 OK ------------------------------------>|
| | | | |
| |<--------------------------------------- ACK F26<|
|<---- ACK F27<| | | |
| |< - - - - - - - - - - - - - ->| |
| | | | |
| | |<- NOTIFY F28<| |
| | | | |
| | |>F29 200 OK ->| |
| | | |>F30 NOTIFY ----->|
| | | | |
| | | |<----- 200 OK F31<|
| | | | |
| | Alice decides to pick up the call |
| | | | |
| | |>F32 PUBLISH->| |
| | | | |
| | |<- 200 OK F33<| |
| | | | |
| | |<- NOTIFY F34<| |
| | | | |
| | |>F35 200 OK ->| |
| | | |>F36 NOTIFY ----->|
| | | | |
| | | |<----- 200 OK F37<|
| |<-- INVITE F38<| | |
|<- INVITE F39<|(w/ Replaces) | | |
|( w/ Replaces)| | | |
|>F40 200 OK ->| | | |
| |>F41 200 OK -->| | |
| | | | |
| |< - - - - - - - - - - - - - ->| |
| | | | |
| | | |>F42 NOTIFY ----->|
| | | | |
| | | |<----- 200 OK F43<|
| | |<- NOTIFY F44<| |
| | | | |
| | |>F45 200 OK ->| |
| | | | |
| |<----- ACK F46<| | |
|<---- ACK F47<| | | |
| | | | |
|<= Both way RTP established =>| | |
| | | | |
|>F48 BYE ---->| | | |
| |>F49 BYE --------------------------------------->|
| | | | |
| |<------------------------------------ OK 200 F50<|
|<- 200 OK F51<| | | |
| | | | |
| |< - - - - - - - - - - - - - ->| |
| | | | |
| | |<- NOTIFY F52<| |
| | | | |
| | |>F53 200 OK ->| |
| | | | |
| | | |>F54 NOTIFY ----->|
| | | | |
| | | |<----- 200 OK F55<|
Carol Proxy Alice Appearance Agent Bob
| | | | |
| |<-------------------- INVITE (to Alice's UA) F1<|
| | | | |
| |< - - - - - - - - - - - - - ->| |
| | | | |
| | | | |
| | |<-- NOTIFY F2<| |
| | | | |
| | |>F3 200 OK -->| |
| | | |>F4 NOTIFY ------>|
| | | | |
| | | |<------ 200 OK F5<|
| |>F6 INVITE --->| | |
| | (appearance=1)| | |
| | | | |
| |<------ 180 F7<| | |
| | | | |
| |>F8 180 --------------------------------------->|
| | | | |
| |< - - - - - - - - - - - - - ->| |
| | | | |
| | |<-- NOTIFY F9<| |
| | | | |
| | |>F10 200 OK ->| |
| | | |>F11 NOTIFY ----->|
| | | | |
| | | |<----- 200 OK F12<|
| |<-- 200 OK F13<| | |
| | | | |
| |>F14 200 OK ------------------------------------>|
| | | | |
| |<--------------------------------------- ACK F15<|
| | | | |
| |>F16 ACK ----->| | |
| | | | |
| | |<======= RTP established =======>|
| | | | |
| |< - - - - - - - - - - - - - ->| |
| | | | |
| | |<- NOTIFY F17<| |
| | | | |
| | |>F18 200 OK ->| |
| | | |>F19 NOTIFY ----->|
| | | | |
| | | |<----- 200 OK F24<|
| | | | |
Carol Proxy Alice Appearance Agent Bob
| | | | |
|<================= Both way RTP established ===================>|
| | | | |
| |<------------------------------(hold) INVITE F22<|
|<- INVITE F23<| | | |
| | | | |
|>F24 200 OK ->| | | |
| |>F25 200 OK ------------------------------------>|
| | | | |
| |<--------------------------------------- ACK F26<|
|<---- ACK F27<| | | |
| |< - - - - - - - - - - - - - ->| |
| | | | |
| | |<- NOTIFY F28<| |
| | | | |
| | |>F29 200 OK ->| |
| | | |>F30 NOTIFY ----->|
| | | | |
| | | |<----- 200 OK F31<|
| | | | |
| | Bob makes a consultation call to Alice |
| | | | |
| | | |<---- PUBLISH F32<|
| | | | |
| | | |>F33 200 OK ----->|
| | | | |
| |<------------------------------------ INVITE F34<|
| | | | |
| |>F35 INVITE -->| | |
| | | | |
| |<-- 200 OK F36<| | |
| | | | |
| |>F37 200 OK ------------------------------------>|
| | | | |
| |<--------------------------------------- ACK F38<|
| | | | |
| |>F39 ACK ----->| | |
| | | | |
| | |<======= RTP established =======>|
| | | | |
| | Bob hangs up with Alice |
| | | | |
| |<--------------------------------------- BYE F40<|
| | | | |
| |>F41 BYE ----->| | |
| | | | |
| |<-- 200 OK F42<| | |
| | | | |
| |>F43 200 OK ------------------------------------>|
| | | | |
| |<----------------------------(unhold) INVITE F44<|
|<- INVITE F45<| | | |
| | | | |
|>F46 200 OK ->| | | |
| |>F47 200 OK ------------------------------------>|
| | | | |
| |<--------------------------------------- ACK F48<|
|<---- ACK F49<| | | |
| |< - - - - - - - - - - - - - ->| |
| | | | |
| | |<- NOTIFY F50<| |
| | | | |
| | |>F51 200 OK ->| |
| | | |>F52 NOTIFY ----->|
| | | | |
| | | |<----- 200 OK F53<|
| | | | |
|<================= Both way RTP established ===================>|
| | | | |
Carol Forking Proxy Appearance Agent Alice Bob
| | | | |
|<=============Both way RTP established===========>|
| | | | |
| | |< PUBLISH F22| |
| | | | |
| | |>F23 200 OK >| |
| | | | |
| |<---- INVITE (w/ Join) F24<| |
| | | | |
| |>F25 INVITE (w/Join)---------------->|
| | | | |
| |<---- OK 200 Contact:Bob;isfocus F26<|
| | | | |
| |< - - - - - >| | |
| | | | |
| | |>F27 NOTIFY >| |
| | | | |
| | |< 200 OK F28<| |
| | | | |
| | |>F29 NOTIFY ---------->|
| | | | |
| | |<F30 200 OK ----------<|
| | | | |
| |>F31 200 OK Contact:B----->| |
| | | | |
| |<----------------- ACK F32<| |
| | | | |
| |>ACK F33---------------------------->|
| | | | |
| |<-----INVITE Contact:Bob;isfocus F34<|
|<-INVITE F35| | | |
| | | | |
|>F26 200 -->| | | |
| |>F37 200 OK ------------------------>|
| | | | |
| |<--------------------------- ACK F38<|
|<--- ACK F39| | | |
| | | |<==RTP==>|
|<=============Both way RTP established===========>|
| | | | |
| |< - - - - - >| | |
| | | | |
| | |>F40 NOTIFY >| |
| | | | |
| | |< 200 OK F41<| |
| | | | |
| | |>F42 NOTIFY ---------->|
| | | | |
| | |<F43 200 OK ----------<|
| | | | |
Carol Proxy Alice Appearance Agent Bob
| | | | |
| | | |<----- PUBLISH F1<|
| | | | |
| | | |>F2 200 OK ------>|
| | | | |
| | |<-- NOTIFY F3<| |
| | | | |
| | |>F4 200 OK -->| |
| | | |------- NOTIFY F5>|
| | | | |
| | | |<F6 200 OK ------<|
| | | | |
| |<------------------------------------- INVITE F7<|
| | | | |
| |>F8 100 Trying --------------------------------->|
|<-- INVITE F9<| | | |
| | | |<---- PUBLISH F10<|
| | | | |
| | | |>F11 200 OK ----->|
| | | | |
|>F12 180 --->| | | |
| |>F13 180 Ringing ------------------------------->|
| | | | |
| | | | Bob goes offline |
| | | | |
| | | Appearance selection times out |
| | | | |
| | |<- NOTIFY F14<| |
| | | | |
| | |>F15 200 OK ->| |
| | | |------ NOTIFY F16>|
| | | | |
| | | NOTIFY is retransmitted |
Carol Proxy Alice Appearance Agent Bob
| | | | |
| | | |<----- PUBLISH F1<|
| | | | (appearance=2)
| | |>F2 PUBLISH ->| |
| | | (appearance=2) |
| | | | |
| | | |>F3 200 OK ------>|
| | |<---- F4 400 <| |
| | | | |
| | |<-- NOTIFY F5<| |
| | | | |
| | |>F6 200 OK -->| |
| | | |------- NOTIFY F7>|
| | | | |
| | | |<F8 200 OK ------<|
| | | | |
| |<------------------------------------- INVITE F9<|
| | | | |
| |>F10 100 Trying -------------------------------->|
|<- INVITE F11<| | | |
| | | |<---- PUBLISH F12<|
| | | | (appearance=2)
| | | |>F13 200 OK ----->|
| | |>F14 PUBLISH->| |
| | | (appearance=3) |
| | | | |
| | |<--- F15 200 <| |
| | | | |
| | |<- NOTIFY F16<| |
| | | | |
| | |>F17 200 OK ->| |
Dave | | |------ NOTIFY F18>|
| | | | |
| | | |<F19 200 OK -----<|
| |<-- INVITE F20<| | |
| | | | |
| |>F21 100 ----->| | |
|<- INVITE F22<| | | |
Carol Proxy Alice Appearance Agent Bob
| | | | |
| |<----------------------------------- REGISTER F1<|
| | | | |
| |>F2 200 OK ------------------------------------->|
| | | | |
| |>F3 NOTIFY ------------------>| |
| | | | |
| |<------------------ 200 OK F4<| |
| | | |---- SUBSCRIBE F5>|
| | | | |
| | | |<F6 200 OK ------<|
| | | | |
| | | |<------ NOTIFY F7<|
| | | | |
| | | |>F8 200 OK ------>|
| | | | |
| | | |<--- SUBSCRIBE F9<|
| | | | |
| | | |>F10 200 OK ----->|
| | | | |
| | | |------ NOTIFY F11>|
| | | | |
| | | |<F12 200 OK -----<|
| | | | |
| |<------------------------------------ INVITE F13<|
| | | | |
| |>F14 100 Trying -------------------------------->|
|<- INVITE F15<| | | |
| | | |<----- NOTIFY F16<|
| | | | |
| | | |>F17 200 OK ----->|
| | |<- NOTIFY F18<| |
| | | | |
| | |>F19 200 OK ->| |
| | | |------ NOTIFY F20>|
| | | | |
| | | |<F21 200 OK -----<|
|>F22 180 --->| | | |
| |>F23 180 Ringing ------------------------------->|
| | | | |
| | | |<----- NOTIFY F24<|
| | | | |
| | | |>F25 200 OK ----->|
| | |<- NOTIFY F26<| |
| | | | |
| | |>F27 200 OK ->| |
| | | |------ NOTIFY F28>|
| | | | |
| | | |<F29 200 OK -----<|
|>F30 200 OK ->| | | |
| |>F31 200 OK ------------------------------------>|
| | | | |
| | | |<----- NOTIFY F32<|
| | | | |
| | | |>F33 200 OK ----->|
| | | | |
| |<--------------------------------------- ACK F34<|
|<---- ACK F35<| | | |
| | | | |
|<================= Both way RTP established ===================>|
| | | | |
| | |<- NOTIFY F36<| |
| | | | |
| | |>F37 200 OK ->| |
| | | |------ NOTIFY F38>|
| | | | |
| | | |<F39 200 OK -----<|
| | | | |
Carol Proxy Alice Appearance Agent Bob
| | | | |
|<================= Both way RTP established ===================>|
| | | | |
| |<------------------------------(hold) INVITE F22<|
|<- INVITE F23<| | | |
| | | | |
|>F24 200 OK ->| | | |
| |>F25 200 OK ------------------------------------>|
| | | | |
| |<--------------------------------------- ACK F26<|
|<---- ACK F27<| | | |
| | | | |
| |< - - - - - - - - - - - - - ->| |
| | | | |
| | |<- NOTIFY F28<| |
| | | | |
| | |>F29 200 OK ->| |
| | | |>F30 NOTIFY ----->|
| | | | |
| | | |<----- 200 OK F31<|
| | | | |
| | Alice decides to pick up the call |
| | | | |
| | |>F32 PUBLISH->| |
| | | | |
| | |<- 200 OK F33<| |
| | | | |
| | |<- NOTIFY F34<| |
| | | | |
| | |>F35 200 OK ->| |
| | | |>F36 NOTIFY ----->|
| | | | |
| | | |<----- 200 OK F37<|
|>F38 BYE ---->| | | |
| |>F39 BYE --------------------------------------->|
| | | | |
| |<------------------------------------ OK 200 F40<|
|<- 200 OK F41<| | | |
| |<-- INVITE F42<| | |
|<- INVITE F43<|(w/ Replaces) | | |
|( w/ Replaces)| | | |
| | | | |
|>F44 481 ---->| | | |
| |>F45 481 ----->| | |
|<---- ACK F46<| | | |
| |<----- ACK F47<| | |
| | |>F48 PUBLISH->| |
| | | | |
| | |<- 200 OK F49<| |
| | | | |
| | |<- NOTIFY F50<| |
| | | | |
| | |>F51 200 OK ->| |
Carol Proxy Alice Appearance Agent Bob
| | | | |
|>-- INVITE F1>| | | |
| |< - - - - - - - - - - - - - ->| |
| | | | |
| | |>F2 PUBLISH ->| |
| | | (appearance=2) |
| | | | |
| |>F3 INVITE (appearance=2) ---------------------->|
| | | | |
| |>F4 INVITE | | |
| |(appearance=2)>| | |
| | |<---- F5 400 <| |
| | | | |
| | |<-- NOTIFY F6<| |
| | | | |
| | |>F7 200 OK -->| |
| | | |------- NOTIFY F8>|
| | | | |
| | | |<F9 200 OK ------<|
| | | | |
| | |>F10 PUBLISH->| |
| | | (appearance=3) |
| | | | |
| | |< F11 200 OK <| |
| | | | |
| | |<- NOTIFY F12<| |
| | | | |
| |>F13 200 OK ->| |
Dave | | |------ NOTIFY F14>|
| | | | |
| | | |<F15 200 OK -----<|
| |<-- INVITE F16<| | |
| | | | |
| |>F17 100 ----->| | |
|<- INVITE F18<| | | |
Sec. Label Reasons
----+----------------------+-------
5 CERTIFICATE 1 2 ~3
6 X509 CRL 1
7 CERTIFICATE REQUEST 1 ~3
8 PKCS7 *
9 CMS *
10 PRIVATE KEY 3
11 ENCRYPTED PRIVATE KEY 3
12 ATTRIBUTE CERTIFICATE 1 ~3
13 PUBLIC KEY 2 3
+===============================+=================================+
| Session Type(s) | Uninteresting State |
+===============================+=================================+
| P2P-PW FEC 128-only | IP Prefix LSPs + P2P-PW FEC 129 |
|-------------------------------|---------------------------------|
| P2P-PW only (FEC 128/129) | IP Prefix LSPs |
|-------------------------------|---------------------------------|
| IPv4-only on a Dual-Stack LSR | IPv6 Prefix LSPs + P2P-PW |
|-------------------------------|---------------------------------|
| IPv6-only on a Dual-Stack LSR | IPv4 Prefix LSPs + P2P-PW |
|-------------------------------|---------------------------------|
| mLDP-only | IP Prefix LSPs + P2P-PW |
|-------------------------------|---------------------------------|
| ICCP-only | IP Prefix LSPs + P2P-PW |
+-------------------------------+---------------------------------+
\--/
|C0|
/--\ +--+ +--+ +--+ +--+
*=== |I0| === |I1| ... |In| |P0|
\--/ +--+ +--+ +--+ +--+
|C1| \ / o
/--\ +--+ +--+ o
o |B1| === |B2| o
o o o o o +--+ +--+ o
o / \ o
o +--+ +--+ +--+ +--+
o *=== |Ik| === |Il| ... |Im| |Px|
\--/ +--+ +--+ +--+ +--+
|Cz|
/--\
+------------+ +-----------+
| Network N0 | | Network C |
| | | |
| +--+ | ==== | +--+ |
| |I2| | | |P1| |
| +--+ | | +--+ |
| \--/ | | |
+-----|C0|---+ | |
| /--\ | | |
| +--+ | | |
| |I3| | | +--+ |
| +--+ | ==== | |P2| |
| | | +--+ |
| Network N1 | | |
+------------+ +-----------+
+ - - _- - -_- - - -_- - _- - - +
| /_\ /_\ /_\ /_\ |
| o o o o o o o o |
| +-------+ +-------+ _ |
| | | | |/_\ |
| _ | | | |o o |
| /_\| | | | |
| o o+--_----+\===/+--_----+ |
| /_\ |RSU| /_\ |
| o o /===\ o o |
| +-------+ +-------+ _ |
| | | | |/_\ |
| _ | | | |o o |
|/_\ | | | | |
|o o +_-----_+ +_-----_+ |
| /_\ /_\ /_\ /_\ |
+_ _ o_o_ _o_o_ _ _o_o_ _o_o_ _ +
\___/ \___/
|RSU| |RSU|
================================
_ _ _ _
/_\ /_\ /_\ /_\
_ _ o_o_ _o_o_ _o_o_ _o_o_ _ _ _
_ _ _ _
/_\ /_\ /_\ /_\
o o o o o o o o
================================
+---------------+
+---------->| Popular Video |
| +---------------+
| ^ ^
| | |
| +-+-+ $0/MB +-+-+
| | A +-------+ B |
| ++--+ +-+-+
| | ^ ^ |
| $8/MB | | | | $10/MB
| v | | v
+-+-+ $0/MB +--+---------+--+
| D +---------+ C |
+---+ +---------------+
+----------+ +-----------------+ +------+
| Content | | Access Network/ | | End |
| Provider +---->| ICN Provider +---->| User |
+----------+ +-+-------------+-+ +------+
| |
| |
v v
+-------------------+ +----------------+ +------+
| Interconnectivity | | Access Network | | End |
| Provider +---->| Provider +------>| User |
+-------------------+ +----------------+ +------+
o-----o
+-----+ J +-----+
| o--*--o |
| * |
o--+--o * o--+--o
| H +-----------+ I |
o-*-*-o * o-*-*-o
* * * * *
****** ******* * ******* *******
* * * * *
o--*--o o*-*-*o o--*--o
| E +--------+ F +---------+ G +
o-*-*-o o-----o o-*-*-o
* * * *
****** ******* ****** ******
* * * *
o--*--o o--*--o o--*--o o--*--o
| A | | B +-----------+ C | | D |
o-----o o--+--o o--+--o o----+o
| | ^^ | route
data | data | data || | to
| | || | data
o---v--o o---v--o o++--v-o
| User | | User | | Data |
o------o o------o o------o
REDIRECTOR ARIN
RDAP RDAP
. .
| |
Q: 23.1.1.1? -----------------> | |
| |
<---------- HTTP 301 --------| |
('Try ARIN RDAP') | |
| |
|
Q: 23.1.1.1? -------------------------------> |
|
<---------- HTTP 200 --------------------- |
(JSON response is returned) |
|
|
.
REDIRECTOR LACNIC ARIN
RDAP RDAP RDAP
. . .
Q: 23.1.1.1? ----> | | |
| | |
<-- HTTP 301 --- | | |
('Try LACNIC') | | |
| | |
| | |
Q: 23.1.1.1? -----------------> | |
| |
<---------- HTTP 301 --------| |
('Try ARIN RDAP') | |
| |
|
Q: 23.1.1.1? -------------------------------> |
|
<---------- HTTP 200 --------------------- |
(JSON response is returned) |
|
|
.
+--------------+---------+---------+------------+---------+---------+
| Reference | NA | NA | Ref | NA | NA |
+--------------+---------+---------+------------+---------+---------+
+----------+----------+----------+
| Adminis- | | abuse-- |
| trative | admin-c | mailbox |
| contact | | |
+----------+----------+----------+
+--------------------+---------------------+-----------+------------+
| Registrant Fax Ext | Registrant Fax Ext | 17 | 2 |
+--------------------+---------------------+-----------+------------+
ISP Network
| |
.........................................................
| | Subscriber Network
+----------+-----+ +-----+----------+
| PCP-Server-A | | PCP-Server-B |
| (rtr1) | | (rtr2) |
+-------+--------+ +--+-------------+
192.0.2.1 | | 198.51.100.1
2001:db8:1111::1 | | 2001:db8:2222::1
| |
| |
-------+-------+------+-----------
|
| 203.0.113.0
| 2001:db8:3333::1
+---+---+
| Host |
+-------+
==================
| Internet |
==================
| |
| |
+----+-+ +-+----+
| ISP1 | | ISP2 |
+----+-+ +-+----+ ISP Network
| |
.........................................................
| |
| | Subscriber Network
+-------+---+ +----+------+
| rtr1 with | | rtr2 with |
| FW1 | | FW2 |
+-------+---+ +----+------+
| |
| |
-------+----------+------
|
+---+---+
| Host |
+-------+
=====================
| Internet |
=====================
| |
| |
+----+--------+ +-+------------+
| ISP1 | | ISP2 |
| | | |
+----+--------+ +-+------------+ ISP Network
| |
| |
..............................................................
| |
| Port1 | Port2 Subscriber Network
| |
+----+--------------+----+
|rtr1: NAT & PCP servers |
| GW Router |
+----+-------------------+
|
|
|
-----+--------------
|
+-+-----+
| Host | (private address space)
+-------+
+----------------------------------------------------------------+
| OSS / NMS / Application Service Coordinator |
+-+---+---+----+-----------+---------------------------------+---+
| | | | | |
...|...|...|....|...........|.................................|......
: | | | | +----+----------------------+ | :
: | | | +--+---+ | | +---+---+ :
: | | | |Policy+--+ ABNO Controller +------+ | :
: | | | |Agent | | +--+ | OAM | :
: | | | +-+--+-+ +-+------------+----------+-+ | |Handler| :
: | | | | | | | | | | | :
: | | +-+---++ | +----+-+ +-------+-------+ | | +---+---+ :
: | | |ALTO | +-+ VNTM |--+ | | | | :
: | | |Server| +--+-+-+ | | | +--+---+ | :
: | | +--+---+ | | | PCE | | | I2RS | | :
: | | | +-------+ | | | | |Client| | :
: | | | | | | | | +-+--+-+ | :
: | +-+----+--+-+ | | | | | | | :
: | | Databases +-------:----+ | | | | | :
: | | TED | | +-+---+----+----+ | | | | :
: | | LSP-DB | | | | | | | | | :
: | +-----+--+--+ +-+---------------+-------+-+ | | | :
: | | | | Provisioning Manager | | | | :
: | | | +-----------------+---+-----+ | | | :
...|.......|..|.................|...|....|...|.......|..|.....|......
| | | | | | | | | |
| +-+--+-----------------+--------+-----------+----+ |
+----/ Client Network Layer \--+
| +----------------------------------------------------+ |
| | | | | |
++------+-------------------------+--------+----------+-----+-+
/ Server Network Layers \
+-----------------------------------------------------------------+
+--------------+ +-----------------+ +--------------+
|ASa | | ASb | | ASc |
| +--+ | | +--+ +--+ | | +--+ |
| |a1|-|-|-|b1| |b3|-|-|-|c1| |
| +-+ +--+ | | +--+ +--+ | | +--+ +-+ |
| |s| | | | | |d| |
| +-+ +--+ | | +--+ +--+ | | +--+ +-+ |
| |a2|-|-|-|b2| |b4|-|-|-|c2| |
| +--+ | | +--+ +--+ | | +--+ |
| | | | | |
+--------------+ +-----------------+ +--------------+
+---------------------+
| NMS/OSS |
+----------+----------+
|
V
+--------+ +-----------+-------------+
| Policy +-->-+ ABNO Controller |
| Agent | | |
+--------+ +-------------------------+
+-----------------+
| ABNO Controller |
+----+-------+----+
| A
V |
+--+-------+--+ +--------+
+--------+ | | | |
| Policy +-->-+ Parent PCE +---+ AS TED |
| Agent | | | | |
+--------+ +-+----+----+-+ +--------+
/ | \
/ | \
+-----+-+ +---+---+ +-+-----+
| | | | | |
| PCE a | | PCE b | | PCE c |
| | | | | |
+---+---+ +---+---+ +---+---+
| | |
+--+--+ +--+--+ +--+--+
| TEDa| | TEDb| | TEDc|
+-----+ +-----+ +-----+
+-----------------+
| ABNO Controller |
+--------+--------+
|
V
+------+-------+
| Provisioning |
| Manager |
+------+-------+
|
V
+--------------------+------------------------+
/ Network \
+-------------------------------------------------+
+-----------------+
| ABNO Controller |
+----+------------+
|
V
+--+----------+ +--------------+
+--------+ | | | Provisioning |
| Policy +-->-+ Parent PCE +---->----+ Manager |
| Agent | | | | |
+--------+ +-+----+----+-+ +-----+--------+
/ | \ |
/ | \ |
+-----+-+ +---+---+ +-+-----+ V
| | | | | | |
| PCE a | | PCE b | | PCE c | |
| | | | | | |
+-------+ +-------+ +-------+ |
|
+--------------------------------+------------+
/ Network \
+-------------------------------------------------+
+-----------------+
| ABNO Controller +-------->--------+
+----+-------+----+ |
| A |
V | |
+--+-------+--+ |
+--------+ | | |
| Policy +-->-+ Parent PCE | |
| Agent | | | |
+--------+ ++-----+-----++ |
/ | \ |
/ | \ |
+---+-+ +--+--+ +-+---+ |
| | | | | | |
|PCE a| |PCE b| |PCE c| |
| | | | | | V
+--+--+ +--+--+ +---+-+ |
| | | |
V V V |
+----------+-+ +------------+ +-+----------+ |
|Provisioning| |Provisioning| |Provisioning| |
|Manager | |Manager | |Manager | |
+-+----------+ +-----+------+ +-----+------+ |
| | | |
V V V |
+--+-----+ +----+---+ +--+-----+ |
/ AS a \=====/ AS b \=====/ AS c \ |
+------------+ A +------------+ A +------------+ |
| | |
+-----+----------------+-----+ |
| Provisioning Manager +----<-------+
+----------------------------+
+---------------------------+
| Application Service |
| Coordinator |
+-------------+-------------+
|
V
+------+ +------------+------------+
|Policy+->-+ ABNO Controller |
|Agent | | |
+------+ +-------------------------+
+-----------------+
| ABNO Controller |
+----+------------+
|
V
+--------+ +--+-----------+ +--------+
| Policy +-->--+ Packet-Layer +---+ Packet |
| Agent | | PCE | | TED |
+--------+ +--------------+ +--------+
+------+
+--------+ | | +--------------+
| Policy +-->--+ VNTM +--<--+ Packet-Layer |
| Agent | | | | PCE |
+--------+ +---+--+ +--------------+
|
V
+---------------+ +---------+
| Optical-Layer +---+ Optical |
| PCE | | TED |
+---------------+ +---------+
+---------------------------+
| Application Service |
| Coordinator or NMS |
+-------------+-------------+
|
V
+------+ +------------+------------+
|Policy+->-+ ABNO Controller |
|Agent | | |
+------+ +-------------------------+
+-----------------+
| ABNO Controller |
+-------+---------+
|
|
V
+------+ +------+-------+
| VNTM +--<--+ PCE |
+---+--+ +------+-------+
| |
V V
+-----+---------------+------------+
| Provisioning Manager |
+----------------------------------+
| | | | |
V | V | V
OpenFlow V ForCES V PCEP
NETCONF SNMP
+---------------------------------------------+
| OSS / NMS / Application Service Coordinator |
+----------------------+----------------------+
|
+------------+------------+
| ABNO Controller |
+------------+------------+
|
+------+ +-------+-------+ +-----+
|Policy+-----+ PCE +-----+ TED |
|Agent | +-------+-------+ +-----+
+------+ |
|
+----------------------+----------------------+
/ Network \
+-------------------------------------------------+
+---------------------------------------------+
| OSS / NMS / Application Service Coordinator |
+----------------------+----------------------+
|
+------------+------------+ +-------+
| ABNO Controller +---+ OAM |
+------------+------------+ |Handler|
| +---+---+
+-------+-------+ |
| PCE | |
+-------+-------+ |
| |
+----------------------+--------------------+-+
/ Network \
+-------------------------------------------------+
+---------------------------------------------+
| OSS / NMS / Application Service Coordinator |
+----------------------+----------------------+
|
+------+ +------------+------------+ +-------+
|Policy+---+ ABNO Controller +----+ OAM |
|Agent | | +--+ |Handler|
+------+ +------------+------------+ | +---+---+
| | |
+-------+-------+ +--+---+ |
| PCE | | I2RS | |
+-------+-------+ |Client| |
| +--+---+ |
| | |
+-----------------------+---------------+-----+-+
/ Network \
+---------------------------------------------------+
+---------------------+
| NMS/OSS |
+----------+----------+
|
V
+--------+ +-----------+-------------+
| Policy +-->-+ ABNO Controller |
| Agent | | |
+--------+ +-------------------------+
+-----------------+
| ABNO Controller |
+----+------------+
|
V
+--------+ +--+-----------+ +--------+
| | | | | |
| Policy +-->--+ GCO-Capable +---+ Packet |
| Agent | | Packet-Layer | | TED |
| | | PCE | | |
+--------+ +--------------+ +--------+
+---------------------+
| NMS/OSS |
+----------+----------+
^
|
+----------+----------+
| ABNO Controller |
| |
+---------------------+
+---------------------------+
| OSS or NMS |
+-----------+---+-----------+
| ^
V |
+------+ +----------+---+----------+
|Policy+->-+ ABNO Controller |
|Agent | | |
+------+ +----------+---+----------+
| ^
V |
+-----+---+----+
+ PCE |
+--------------+
+------------------------+
| OSS or NMS |
+-----------+------------+
|
V
+------+ +----------+------------+
|Policy+->-+ ABNO Controller |
|Agent | | |
+------+ +----------+------------+
|
V
+------+------+
+ PCE |
+------+------+
|
V
+----------------------------------+
| Provisioning Manager |
+----------------------------------+
----- ----- ----- -----
--- |T-PE1| LSP1 |S-PE1| LSP2 |S-PE3| LSP3 |T-PE2| +---+
| | AC | |=======| |=======| |=======| | AC | |
|CE1|----|........PW1........|..PW2........|..PW3........|----|CE2|
| | | |=======| |=======| |=======| | | |
--- | | | | | | | | +---+
----- ----- ----- -----
-----
|S-PE5|
/-----\
--- ----- -----/ \----- ----- ---
|CE1|----|T-PE1|-------|S-PE1|-------|S-PE3|-------|T-PE2|----|CE2|
--- -----\ -----\ ----- /----- ---
\ | ------- | /
\ ----- \----- /
-----|S-PE2|-------|S-PE4|-----
----- -----
------- -------
| PE1 | LSP1 | PE2 |
AC | |=======================| | AC
----...................PW1...................----
--- - / | |=======================| | \ -----
| |/ | | | | \| |
| CE1 + | | MPLS Network | | + CE2 |
| |\ | | | | /| |
--- - \ | |=======================| | / -----
----...................PW2...................----
AC | |=======================| | AC
| | LSP2 | |
------- -------
------- -------
| PE1 | LSP1 | PE2 |
AC | |=======================| | AC
---...................PW1...................---
/ | |=======================| | \
----- / | | | | \ -----
| |/ ------- ------- \| |
| CE1 + MPLS Network + CE2 |
| |\ ------- ------- /| |
----- \ | PE3 | | PE4 | / -----
\ | |=======================| | /
---...................PW2...................---
AC | |=======================| | AC
| | LSP2 | |
------- -------
----- -----
|S-PE5|--------------|T-PE4|
/-----\ ----- \
----- -----/ \----- ----- \ ---
|T-PE1|-------|S-PE1|-------|S-PE3|-------|T-PE2|--|CE2|
--- / -----\ -----\ ----- /----- ---
|CE1|< ------- | ------- | /
--- \ ----- \----- \----- /
|T-PE3|-------|S-PE2|-------|S-PE4|-----
----- ----- -----
------- ------- -------
| S-PE1 | LSP1 | S-PE5 | LSP3 | S-PE3 |
| |============| |============| |
| .........PW1..................PW3.......... | Outgoing
Incoming | : |============| |============| : | Segment
Segment | : | ------- | :..........
...........: | | : |
| : | | : |
| : |=================================| : |
| .........PW2............................... |
| |=================================| |
| | LSP2 | |
------- -------
+----------+ +---------------------------------+
| End-User |--->| Application Service Coordinator |
+----------+ +---------------------------------+
| |
| v
| +-----------------+
| | ABNO Controller |
| +-----------------+
| |
| v
| +---------------------+ +--------------+
| |Other ABNO Components| | o o o DC 1 |
| +---------------------+ | \|/ |
| | ------|---O |
| v | | |
| --------------------------|-- +--------------+
| / Carrier Network PE1 | \
| / .....................O \ +--------------+
| | . | | o o o DC 2 |
| | PE4 . PE2 | | \|/ |
---------|----O........................O---|--|---O |
| . | | |
| . PE3 | +--------------+
\ .....................O /
\ | / +--------------+
--------------------------|-- | o o o DC 3 |
| | \|/ |
------|---O |
| |
+--------------+
+-+-+-+-+-+-+ +-+-+-+-+-+-+
| WTP | | AC |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+ +-+-+-+-+-+-+
|Join Request[Supported IEEE 802.11 |
| MAC Profiles ] |
|---------------------------------------->|
| |
|Join Response |
|<----------------------------------------|
| |
|IEEE 802.11 WLAN Config. Request [ |
| IEEE 802.11 Add WLAN, |
| IEEE 802.11 MAC Profile |
| ] |
|<----------------------------------------|
| |
|IEEE 802.11 WLAN Config. Response |
|---------------------------------------->|
User /====== Fiber ======= Access Node \
Device -|------ Copper ------- Access Node -|-- Infrastructure -- GW
or Host \------ Radio ------- Access Node /
| Type of Packet |
+-----+-----+-----+-----+
Attribute Name | Req | Acc | Rej | Cha |
----------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
Frag-Status | 0-1 | 0-1 | 0 | 0-1 |
----------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
Proxy-State-Length | 0 | 0-1 | 0 | 0-1 |
----------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
+-+-+-+-+-+ +-+-+-+-+-+
| RADIUS | | RADIUS |
| Client | | Proxy |
+-+-+-+-+-+ +-+-+-+-+-+
| |
| Access-Request(1){User-Name,Calling-Station-Id, |
| Example-Long-1[M],Example-Long-1[M], |
| Example-Long-1[M],Example-Long-1[M], |
| Example-Long-1[MT],Frag-Status(MDP)} |
|--------------------------------------------------->|
| |
| Access-Challenge(1){User-Name, |
| Frag-Status(MDR),State1} |
|<---------------------------------------------------|
| |
| Access-Request(2){User-Name,State1, |
| Example-Long-1[M],Example-Long-1[M], |
| Example-Long-1[M],Example-Long-1} |
|--------------------------------------------------->|
+-+-+-+-+-+ +-+-+-+-+-+
| RADIUS | | RADIUS |
| Proxy | | Server |
+-+-+-+-+-+ +-+-+-+-+-+
| |
| Access-Request(3){User-Name,Calling-Station-Id, |
| Example-Long-1[M],Example-Long-1[M], |
| Example-Long-1[M],Example-Long-1[M], |
| Example-Long-1[MT],Frag-Status(MDP)} |
|--------------------------------------------------->|
| |
| Access-Challenge(1){User-Name, |
| Frag-Status(MDR),State2} |
|<---------------------------------------------------|
| |
| Access-Request(4){User-Name,State2, |
| Example-Long-1[M],Example-Long-1[M], |
| Example-Long-1[M],Example-Long-1[M], |
| Example-Long-1[MT],Frag-Status(MDP)} |
|--------------------------------------------------->|
| |
| Access-Challenge(1){User-Name, |
| Frag-Status(MDR),State3} |
|<---------------------------------------------------|
| |
| Access-Request(5){User-Name,State3,Example-Long-1} |
|--------------------------------------------------->|
+--------+ Session +--------+ Session +--------+
| | Attempt | | Attempt | |
| |------------>+ |------------>+ |
| | | | | |
| | Response | | Response | |
| Tester +<------------| DUT +<------------| Tester |
| (EA) | | | | (EA) |
| | | | | |
+--------+ +--------+ +--------+
/|\ /|\
| Media (optional) |
+==============================================+
+--------+ Session +--------+ Session +--------+
| | Attempt | | Attempt | |
| |------------>+ |------------>+ |
| | | | | |
| | Response | | Response | |
| Tester +<------------| DUT +<------------| Tester |
| (EA) | | | | (EA) |
| |<===========>| |<===========>| |
+--------+ Media +--------+ Media +--------+
(Optional) (Optional)
+--------+ Registration +--------+
| | request | |
| |------------->+ |
| | | |
| | Response | |
| Tester +<-------------| DUT |
| (EA) | | |
| | | |
+--------+ +--------+
A Domain B Domain
+----------------------+ +----------------------+
+-----+ +-----+ +-----+ +-----+
| MUA | -------> | DCA | ----------> | DCA |--------> | MUA |
| C | | D | | E | | F |
+-----+ +-----+ +-----+ +-----+
SignedMsg EncryptedMsg SignedMsg
+-------------+
| Unprotected |
| Device |
+------+------+
|
+--------+ +-----+------+ +----------+
|DHCP +-----+ Non-SAVI +----+Bogus DHCP|
|Server A| | Device 1 | |Server |
+--------+ +-----+------+ +----------+
|trusted, unprotected link
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .|. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. | .
. Protection +---+------+ trusted link .
. Perimeter | SAVI +--------------+ .
. | Device C | | .
. +---+------+ | .
. | | .
. untrusted, +----------+ +---+------+ +------+---+ .
. protected | SAVI | | Non-SAVI | | SAVI | .
. link+------+ Device A +----+ Device 3 +-------+ Device B | .
. | +----+--+--+ +----------+ +-+---+----+ .
. | | +----------+ . . . . . | | .
. | . . . . . . | . . | | .
. | . | . | . +--------+ | .
. +----+-----+. +--+---+ . +----+-+ . +--+---+ . +---+----+ .
. | Non-SAVI |. |Client| . |DHCP | . |Client| . |DHCP | .
. | Device 2 |. |A | . |Relay | . |B | . |Server B| .
. +----------+. +------+ . +------+ . +------+ . +--------+ .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
| . . Protection |
| | | Perimeter |
| | | |
| Unprotected | | Unprotected |
| Link | | Link |
| | | |
| | | |
| +----+---+ +----+---+ +--------+ |
| |SAVI +----+Non-SAVI+----+SAVI | |
| |Device | |Device | |Device | |
| +----+---+ +--------+ +----+---+ |
| | | |
\_____________+___________________________+________/
| |
| |
+--------+ +--------+
|DHCP | |DHCP |
|Client | |Client |
+--------+ +--------+
+--------------------+--------------------+--------+----------------+
| "alg" Param Value | Key Management | More | Implementation |
| | Algorithm | Header | Requirements |
| | | Params | |
+--------------------+--------------------+--------+----------------+
| RSA1_5 | RSAES-PKCS1-v1_5 | (none) | Recommended- |
| RSA-OAEP | RSAES OAEP using | (none) | Recommended+ |
| | default parameters | | |
| RSA-OAEP-256 | RSAES OAEP using | (none) | Optional |
| | SHA-256 and MGF1 | | |
| | with SHA-256 | | |
| A128KW | AES Key Wrap with | (none) | Recommended |
| | default initial | | |
| | value using | | |
| | 128-bit key | | |
| A192KW | AES Key Wrap with | (none) | Optional |
| | default initial | | |
| | value using | | |
| | 192-bit key | | |
| A256KW | AES Key Wrap with | (none) | Recommended |
| | default initial | | |
| | value using | | |
| | 256-bit key | | |
| dir | Direct use of a | (none) | Recommended |
| | shared symmetric | | |
| | key as the CEK | | |
| ECDH-ES | Elliptic Curve | "epk", | Recommended+ |
| | Diffie-Hellman | "apu", | |
| | Ephemeral Static | "apv" | |
| | key agreement | | |
| | using Concat KDF | | |
| ECDH-ES+A128KW | ECDH-ES using | "epk", | Recommended |
| | Concat KDF and CEK | "apu", | |
| | wrapped with | "apv" | |
| | "A128KW" | | |
| ECDH-ES+A192KW | ECDH-ES using | "epk", | Optional |
| | Concat KDF and CEK | "apu", | |
| | wrapped with | "apv" | |
| | "A192KW" | | |
| ECDH-ES+A256KW | ECDH-ES using | "epk", | Recommended |
| | Concat KDF and CEK | "apu", | |
| | wrapped with | "apv" | |
| | "A256KW" | | |
| A128GCMKW | Key wrapping with | "iv", | Optional |
| | AES GCM using | "tag" | |
| | 128-bit key | | |
| A192GCMKW | Key wrapping with | "iv", | Optional |
| | AES GCM using | "tag" | |
| | 192-bit key | | |
| A256GCMKW | Key wrapping with | "iv", | Optional |
| | AES GCM using | "tag" | |
| | 256-bit key | | |
| PBES2-HS256+A128KW | PBES2 with HMAC | "p2s", | Optional |
| | SHA-256 and | "p2c" | |
| | "A128KW" wrapping | | |
| PBES2-HS384+A192KW | PBES2 with HMAC | "p2s", | Optional |
| | SHA-384 and | "p2c" | |
| | "A192KW" wrapping | | |
| PBES2-HS512+A256KW | PBES2 with HMAC | "p2s", | Optional |
| | SHA-512 and | "p2c" | |
| | "A256KW" wrapping | | |
+--------------------+--------------------+--------+----------------+
Relying
Party Client Token Service
| | |
| | 1) Request Assertion |
| |------------------------>|
| | |
| | 2) Assertion |
| |<------------------------|
| 3) Assertion | |
|<-------------------------| |
| | |
| 4) OK or Failure | |
|------------------------->| |
| | |
| | |
Relying
Party Client
| |
| | 1) Create
| | Assertion
| |--------------+
| | |
| | 2) Assertion |
| |<-------------+
| 3) Assertion |
|<-------------------------|
| |
| 4) OK or Failure |
|------------------------->|
| |
| |
+-----------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| Data Type | Definition |
+-----------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| int32_t | typedef int int32_t; |
| | |
| uint32_t | typedef unsigned int uint32_t; |
| | |
| int64_t | typedef hyper int64_t; |
| | |
| uint64_t | typedef unsigned hyper uint64_t; |
| | |
| attrlist4 | typedef opaque attrlist4<>; |
| | |
| | Used for file/directory attributes. |
| | |
| bitmap4 | typedef uint32_t bitmap4<>; |
| | |
| | Used in attribute array encoding. |
| | |
| changeid4 | typedef uint64_t changeid4; |
| | |
| | Used in the definition of change_info4. |
| | |
| clientid4 | typedef uint64_t clientid4; |
| | |
| | Shorthand reference to client identification. |
| | |
| count4 | typedef uint32_t count4; |
| | |
| | Various count parameters (READ, WRITE, COMMIT). |
| | |
| length4 | typedef uint64_t length4; |
| | |
| | Describes LOCK lengths. |
| | |
| utf8string | typedef opaque utf8string<>; |
| | |
| | UTF-8 encoding for strings. |
| | |
| utf8str_cis | typedef utf8string utf8str_cis; |
| | |
| | Case-insensitive UTF-8 string. |
| | |
| utf8str_cs | typedef utf8string utf8str_cs; |
| | |
| | Case-sensitive UTF-8 string. |
| | |
| utf8str_mixed | typedef utf8string utf8str_mixed; |
| | |
| | UTF-8 strings with a case-sensitive prefix and |
| | a case-insensitive suffix. |
| | |
| component4 | typedef utf8str_cs component4; |
| | |
| | Represents pathname components. |
| | |
| linktext4 | typedef opaque linktext4<>; |
| | |
| | Symbolic link contents ("symbolic link" is |
| | defined in an Open Group [Section 3.372 of Chapter 3 of Base Definitions of The Open Group Base Specifications Issue 7"">openg_symlink] |
| | standard). |
| | |
| ascii_REQUIRED4 | typedef utf8string ascii_REQUIRED4; |
| | |
| | String is sent as ASCII and thus is |
| | automatically UTF-8. |
| | |
| pathname4 | typedef component4 pathname4<>; |
| | |
| | Represents pathname for fs_locations. |
| | |
| nfs_lockid4 | typedef uint64_t nfs_lockid4; |
| | |
| verifier4 | typedef opaque verifier4[NFS4_VERIFIER_SIZE]; |
| | |
| | Verifier used for various operations (COMMIT, |
| | CREATE, OPEN, READDIR, WRITE) |
| | NFS4_VERIFIER_SIZE is defined as 8. |
+-----------------+-------------------------------------------------+
0 1
+-----------+-----------+-----------+--
| count | 31 .. 0 | 63 .. 32 |
+-----------+-----------+-----------+--
+----------+-----------+---------------------------------+
| LOOKUP | "foo" | ; look up file |
| GETATTR | attrbits | |
| OPENATTR | | ; access foo's named attributes |
| LOOKUP | "x11icon" | ; look up specific attribute |
| READ | 0,4096 | ; read stream of bytes |
+----------+-----------+---------------------------------+
+-------------------+----+-----------------+-----+------------------+
| Name | ID | Data Type | Acc | Defined in |
+-------------------+----+-----------------+-----+------------------+
| acl | 12 | nfsace4<> | R W | Section 6.2.1 |
| aclsupport | 13 | uint32_t | R | Section 6.2.1.2 |
| archive | 14 | bool | R W | Section 5.8.2.1 |
| cansettime | 15 | bool | R | Section 5.8.2.2 |
| case_insensitive | 16 | bool | R | Section 5.8.2.3 |
| case_preserving | 17 | bool | R | Section 5.8.2.4 |
| chown_restricted | 18 | bool | R | Section 5.8.2.5 |
| fileid | 20 | uint64_t | R | Section 5.8.2.6 |
| files_avail | 21 | uint64_t | R | Section 5.8.2.7 |
| files_free | 22 | uint64_t | R | Section 5.8.2.8 |
| files_total | 23 | uint64_t | R | Section 5.8.2.9 |
| fs_locations | 24 | fs_locations4 | R | Section 5.8.2.10 |
| hidden | 25 | bool | R W | Section 5.8.2.11 |
| homogeneous | 26 | bool | R | Section 5.8.2.12 |
| maxfilesize | 27 | uint64_t | R | Section 5.8.2.13 |
| maxlink | 28 | uint32_t | R | Section 5.8.2.14 |
| maxname | 29 | uint32_t | R | Section 5.8.2.15 |
| maxread | 30 | uint64_t | R | Section 5.8.2.16 |
| maxwrite | 31 | uint64_t | R | Section 5.8.2.17 |
| mimetype | 32 | ascii_ | R W | Section 5.8.2.18 |
| | | REQUIRED4<> | | |
| mode | 33 | mode4 | R W | Section 6.2.2 |
| mounted_on_fileid | 55 | uint64_t | R | Section 5.8.2.19 |
| no_trunc | 34 | bool | R | Section 5.8.2.20 |
| numlinks | 35 | uint32_t | R | Section 5.8.2.21 |
| owner | 36 | utf8str_mixed | R W | Section 5.8.2.22 |
| owner_group | 37 | utf8str_mixed | R W | Section 5.8.2.23 |
| quota_avail_hard | 38 | uint64_t | R | Section 5.8.2.24 |
| quota_avail_soft | 39 | uint64_t | R | Section 5.8.2.25 |
| quota_used | 40 | uint64_t | R | Section 5.8.2.26 |
| rawdev | 41 | specdata4 | R | Section 5.8.2.27 |
| space_avail | 42 | uint64_t | R | Section 5.8.2.28 |
| space_free | 43 | uint64_t | R | Section 5.8.2.29 |
| space_total | 44 | uint64_t | R | Section 5.8.2.30 |
| space_used | 45 | uint64_t | R | Section 5.8.2.31 |
| system | 46 | bool | R W | Section 5.8.2.32 |
| time_access | 47 | nfstime4 | R | Section 5.8.2.33 |
| time_access_set | 48 | settime4 | W | Section 5.8.2.34 |
| time_backup | 49 | nfstime4 | R W | Section 5.8.2.35 |
| time_create | 50 | nfstime4 | R W | Section 5.8.2.36 |
| time_delta | 51 | nfstime4 | R | Section 5.8.2.37 |
| time_metadata | 52 | nfstime4 | R | Section 5.8.2.38 |
| time_modify | 53 | nfstime4 | R | Section 5.8.2.39 |
| time_modify_set | 54 | settime4 | W | Section 5.8.2.40 |
+-------------------+----+-----------------+-----+------------------+
+---------------------+---------------------------------------------+
| Operation | Errors |
+---------------------+---------------------------------------------+
| ACCESS | NFS4ERR_ACCESS, NFS4ERR_BADHANDLE, |
| | NFS4ERR_BADXDR, NFS4ERR_DELAY, |
| | NFS4ERR_FHEXPIRED, NFS4ERR_INVAL, |
| | NFS4ERR_IO, NFS4ERR_MOVED, |
| | NFS4ERR_NOFILEHANDLE, NFS4ERR_RESOURCE, |
| | NFS4ERR_SERVERFAULT, NFS4ERR_STALE |
| | |
| CLOSE | NFS4ERR_ADMIN_REVOKED, NFS4ERR_BADHANDLE, |
| | NFS4ERR_BAD_SEQID, NFS4ERR_BAD_STATEID, |
| | NFS4ERR_BADXDR, NFS4ERR_DELAY, |
| | NFS4ERR_EXPIRED, NFS4ERR_FHEXPIRED, |
| | NFS4ERR_INVAL, NFS4ERR_ISDIR, |
| | NFS4ERR_LEASE_MOVED, NFS4ERR_LOCKS_HELD, |
| | NFS4ERR_MOVED, NFS4ERR_NOFILEHANDLE, |
| | NFS4ERR_OLD_STATEID, NFS4ERR_RESOURCE, |
| | NFS4ERR_SERVERFAULT, NFS4ERR_STALE, |
| | NFS4ERR_STALE_STATEID |
| | |
| COMMIT | NFS4ERR_ACCESS, NFS4ERR_BADHANDLE, |
| | NFS4ERR_BADXDR, NFS4ERR_DELAY, |
| | NFS4ERR_FHEXPIRED, NFS4ERR_INVAL, |
| | NFS4ERR_IO, NFS4ERR_ISDIR, NFS4ERR_MOVED, |
| | NFS4ERR_NOFILEHANDLE, NFS4ERR_RESOURCE, |
| | NFS4ERR_ROFS, NFS4ERR_SERVERFAULT, |
| | NFS4ERR_STALE, NFS4ERR_SYMLINK |
| | |
| CREATE | NFS4ERR_ACCESS, NFS4ERR_ATTRNOTSUPP, |
| | NFS4ERR_BADCHAR, NFS4ERR_BADHANDLE, |
| | NFS4ERR_BADNAME, NFS4ERR_BADOWNER, |
| | NFS4ERR_BADTYPE, NFS4ERR_BADXDR, |
| | NFS4ERR_DELAY, NFS4ERR_DQUOT, |
| | NFS4ERR_EXIST, NFS4ERR_FHEXPIRED, |
| | NFS4ERR_INVAL, NFS4ERR_IO, NFS4ERR_MOVED, |
| | NFS4ERR_NAMETOOLONG, NFS4ERR_NOFILEHANDLE, |
| | NFS4ERR_NOSPC, NFS4ERR_NOTDIR, |
| | NFS4ERR_PERM, NFS4ERR_RESOURCE, |
| | NFS4ERR_ROFS, NFS4ERR_SERVERFAULT, |
| | NFS4ERR_STALE |
| WRITE | NFS4ERR_ACCESS, NFS4ERR_ADMIN_REVOKED, |
| | NFS4ERR_BADHANDLE, NFS4ERR_BAD_STATEID, |
| | NFS4ERR_BADXDR, NFS4ERR_DELAY, |
| | NFS4ERR_DQUOT, NFS4ERR_EXPIRED, |
| | NFS4ERR_FBIG, NFS4ERR_FHEXPIRED, |
| | NFS4ERR_GRACE, NFS4ERR_INVAL, NFS4ERR_IO, |
| | NFS4ERR_ISDIR, NFS4ERR_LEASE_MOVED, |
| | NFS4ERR_LOCKED, NFS4ERR_MOVED, |
| | NFS4ERR_NOFILEHANDLE, NFS4ERR_NOSPC, |
| | NFS4ERR_NXIO, NFS4ERR_OLD_STATEID, |
| | NFS4ERR_OPENMODE, NFS4ERR_RESOURCE, |
| | NFS4ERR_ROFS, NFS4ERR_SERVERFAULT, |
| | NFS4ERR_STALE, NFS4ERR_STALE_STATEID, |
| | NFS4ERR_SYMLINK |
| | |
+---------------------+---------------------------------------------+
+--------------------------+----------------------------------------+
| Error | Operations |
+--------------------------+----------------------------------------+
| NFS4ERR_ACCESS | ACCESS, COMMIT, CREATE, GETATTR, LINK, |
| | LOCK, LOCKT, LOCKU, LOOKUP, LOOKUPP, |
| | NVERIFY, OPEN, OPENATTR, READ, |
| | READDIR, READLINK, REMOVE, RENAME, |
| | RENEW, SECINFO, SETATTR, VERIFY, WRITE |
| | |
| NFS4ERR_ADMIN_REVOKED | CLOSE, DELEGRETURN, LOCK, LOCKU, OPEN, |
| | OPEN_CONFIRM, OPEN_DOWNGRADE, READ, |
| | SETATTR, WRITE |
| | |
| NFS4ERR_ATTRNOTSUPP | CREATE, NVERIFY, OPEN, SETATTR, VERIFY |
| | |
| NFS4ERR_BADCHAR | CREATE, LINK, LOOKUP, NVERIFY, OPEN, |
| | REMOVE, RENAME, SECINFO, SETATTR, |
| | VERIFY |
| | |
| NFS4ERR_BADHANDLE | ACCESS, CB_GETATTR, CB_RECALL, CLOSE, |
| | COMMIT, CREATE, GETATTR, GETFH, LINK, |
| | LOCK, LOCKT, LOCKU, LOOKUP, LOOKUPP, |
| | NVERIFY, OPEN, OPENATTR, OPEN_CONFIRM, |
| | OPEN_DOWNGRADE, PUTFH, READ, READDIR, |
| | READLINK, REMOVE, RENAME, RESTOREFH, |
| | SAVEFH, SECINFO, SETATTR, VERIFY, |
| | WRITE |
| | |
| NFS4ERR_BADNAME | CREATE, LINK, LOOKUP, OPEN, REMOVE, |
| | RENAME, SECINFO |
| | |
| NFS4ERR_BADOWNER | CREATE, OPEN, SETATTR |
| | |
| NFS4ERR_BADTYPE | CREATE |
| | |
| NFS4ERR_BADXDR | ACCESS, CB_GETATTR, CB_ILLEGAL, |
| | CB_RECALL, CLOSE, COMMIT, CREATE, |
| | DELEGPURGE, DELEGRETURN, GETATTR, |
| | ILLEGAL, LINK, LOCK, LOCKT, LOCKU, |
| | LOOKUP, NVERIFY, OPEN, OPENATTR, |
| | OPEN_CONFIRM, OPEN_DOWNGRADE, PUTFH, |
| | READ, READDIR, RELEASE_LOCKOWNER, |
| | REMOVE, RENAME, RENEW, SECINFO, |
| | SETATTR, SETCLIENTID, |
| | SETCLIENTID_CONFIRM, VERIFY, WRITE |
| | |
| NFS4ERR_STALE_CLIENTID | DELEGPURGE, LOCK, LOCKT, OPEN, |
| | RELEASE_LOCKOWNER, RENEW, |
| | SETCLIENTID_CONFIRM |
| | |
| NFS4ERR_STALE_STATEID | CLOSE, DELEGRETURN, LOCK, LOCKU, |
| | OPEN_CONFIRM, OPEN_DOWNGRADE, READ, |
| | SETATTR, WRITE |
| | |
| NFS4ERR_SYMLINK | COMMIT, LOOKUP, LOOKUPP, OPEN, READ, |
| | WRITE |
| | |
| NFS4ERR_TOOSMALL | READDIR |
| | |
| NFS4ERR_WRONGSEC | LINK, LOOKUP, LOOKUPP, OPEN, PUTFH, |
| | PUTPUBFH, PUTROOTFH, RENAME, RESTOREFH |
| | |
| NFS4ERR_XDEV | LINK, RENAME |
| | |
+--------------------------+----------------------------------------+
+-----+--------------+--------+-----------+-----------+-----------+--
| tag | minorversion | numops | op + args | op + args | op + args |
+-----+--------------+--------+-----------+-----------+-----------+--
+------------+-----+--------+-----------------------+--
|last status | tag | numres | status + op + results |
+------------+-----+--------+-----------------------+--
+-----------------------------------------------+
| Length (24) |
+---------------+---------------+---------------+
| Type (8) | Flags (8) |
+-+-------------+---------------+-------------------------------+
|R| Stream Identifier (31) |
+=+=============================================================+
| Frame Payload (0...) ...
+---------------------------------------------------------------+
+--------+
send PP | | recv PP
,--------| idle |--------.
/ | | \
v +--------+ v
+----------+ | +----------+
| | | send H / | |
,------| reserved | | recv H | reserved |------.
| | (local) | | | (remote) | |
| +----------+ v +----------+ |
| | +--------+ | |
| | recv ES | | send ES | |
| send H | ,-------| open |-------. | recv H |
| | / | | \ | |
| v v +--------+ v v |
| +----------+ | +----------+ |
| | half | | | half | |
| | closed | | send R / | closed | |
| | (remote) | | recv R | (local) | |
| +----------+ | +----------+ |
| | | | |
| | send ES / | recv ES / | |
| | send R / v send R / | |
| | recv R +--------+ recv R | |
| send R / `----------->| |<-----------' send R / |
| recv R | closed | recv R |
`----------------------->| |<----------------------'
+--------+
+---------------+
|Pad Length? (8)|
+---------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| Data (*) ...
+---------------------------------------------------------------+
| Padding (*) ...
+---------------------------------------------------------------+
+-+-------------------------------------------------------------+
|E| Stream Dependency (31) |
+-+-------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| Weight (8) |
+-+-------------+
+---------------------------------------------------------------+
| Error Code (32) |
+---------------------------------------------------------------+
+-------------------------------+
| Identifier (16) |
+-------------------------------+-------------------------------+
| Value (32) |
+---------------------------------------------------------------+
+---------------+
|Pad Length? (8)|
+-+-------------+-----------------------------------------------+
|R| Promised Stream ID (31) |
+-+-----------------------------+-------------------------------+
| Header Block Fragment (*) ...
+---------------------------------------------------------------+
| Padding (*) ...
+---------------------------------------------------------------+
+---------------------------------------------------------------+
| |
| Opaque Data (64) |
| |
+---------------------------------------------------------------+
+-+-------------------------------------------------------------+
|R| Last-Stream-ID (31) |
+-+-------------------------------------------------------------+
| Error Code (32) |
+---------------------------------------------------------------+
| Additional Debug Data (*) |
+---------------------------------------------------------------+
+-+-------------------------------------------------------------+
|R| Window Size Increment (31) |
+-+-------------------------------------------------------------+
+---------------------------------------------------------------+
| Header Block Fragment (*) ...
+---------------------------------------------------------------+
<---------- Index Address Space ---------->
<-- Static Table --> <-- Dynamic Table -->
+---+-----------+---+ +---+-----------+---+
| 1 | ... | s | |s+1| ... |s+k|
+---+-----------+---+ +---+-----------+---+
^ |
| V
Insertion Point Dropping Point
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
| ? | ? | ? | Value |
+---+---+---+-------------------+
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
| H | String Length (7+) |
+---+---------------------------+
| String Data (Length octets) |
+-------------------------------+
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
| 1 | Index (7+) |
+---+---------------------------+
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
| 0 | 1 | Index (6+) |
+---+---+-----------------------+
| H | Value Length (7+) |
+---+---------------------------+
| Value String (Length octets) |
+-------------------------------+
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Index (4+) |
+---+---+-----------------------+
| H | Value Length (7+) |
+---+---------------------------+
| Value String (Length octets) |
+-------------------------------+
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | Index (4+) |
+---+---+-----------------------+
| H | Value Length (7+) |
+---+---------------------------+
| Value String (Length octets) |
+-------------------------------+
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
| 0 | 0 | 1 | Max size (5+) |
+---+---------------------------+
+-------+-----------------------------+---------------+
| Index | Header Name | Header Value |
+-------+-----------------------------+---------------+
| 1 | :authority | |
| 2 | :method | GET |
| 3 | :method | POST |
| 4 | :path | / |
| 5 | :path | /index.html |
| 6 | :scheme | http |
| 7 | :scheme | https |
| 8 | :status | 200 |
| 9 | :status | 204 |
| 10 | :status | 206 |
| 11 | :status | 304 |
| 12 | :status | 400 |
| 13 | :status | 404 |
| 14 | :status | 500 |
| 15 | accept-charset | |
| 16 | accept-encoding | gzip, deflate |
| 17 | accept-language | |
| 18 | accept-ranges | |
| 19 | accept | |
| 20 | access-control-allow-origin | |
| 21 | age | |
| 22 | allow | |
| 23 | authorization | |
| 24 | cache-control | |
| 25 | content-disposition | |
| 26 | content-encoding | |
| 27 | content-language | |
| 28 | content-length | |
| 29 | content-location | |
| 30 | content-range | |
| 31 | content-type | |
| 32 | cookie | |
| 33 | date | |
| 34 | etag | |
| 35 | expect | |
| 36 | expires | |
| 37 | from | |
| 38 | host | |
| 39 | if-match | |
| 40 | if-modified-since | |
| 41 | if-none-match | |
| 42 | if-range | |
| 43 | if-unmodified-since | |
| 44 | last-modified | |
| 45 | link | |
| 46 | location | |
| 47 | max-forwards | |
| 48 | proxy-authenticate | |
| 49 | proxy-authorization | |
| 50 | range | |
| 51 | referer | |
| 52 | refresh | |
| 53 | retry-after | |
| 54 | server | |
| 55 | set-cookie | |
| 56 | strict-transport-security | |
| 57 | transfer-encoding | |
| 58 | user-agent | |
| 59 | vary | |
| 60 | via | |
| 61 | www-authenticate | |
+-------+-----------------------------+---------------+
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
| X | X | X | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 10 stored on 5 bits
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
| X | X | X | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | Prefix = 31, I = 1306
| 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1306>=128, encode(154), I=1306/128
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 10<128, encode(10), done
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
| 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 42 stored on 8 bits
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
IWF* IWF*
network_1 | network_2 |network_3
History-Info | Diversion |using
| |History-
| |Info
UA A P1 AS B | P2 AS C UA C AS D | UA E
| | | | | | | | | |
|INVITE | | | | | | | | |
|------>| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| |INVITE | | | | | | | |
| |------>| | | | | | | |
| |Supported: histinfo | | | | | |
| | History-Info: | | | | | |
| | <sip:proxyP1>;index=1,| | | | | |
| | <sip:userB>;index=1.1;rc=1 | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | |INVITE | | | | | | |
| | |------>| | | | | | |
| | |History-Info: | | | | | |
| | |<sip:proxyP1>;index=1, | | | | |
| | |<sip:userB>;index=1.1;rc=1, | | | |
| | |<sip:userC;cause=302>;index=1.1.1;mp=1.1 | |
IWF* IWF*
SIP network using | SIP network using |SIP net.
History-Info | Diversion |using
| History-Info
| |
UA A P1 AS B | P2 AS C UA C AS D | UA E
| | | | | | | | | |
|INV B | | | | | | | | |
|------>| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| |INV B | | | | | | | |
| |------>| | | | | | | |
| |Supported: histinfo | | | | | |
| | History-Info: | | | | | |
| | <sip:proxyP1>;index=1, | | | | |
| | <sip:userB>;index=1.1;rc=1 | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | |INV C | | | | | | |
| | |------>| | | | | | |
| | |History-Info: | | | | | |
| | <sip:proxyP1>;index=1, | | | | |
| | <sip:userB>;index=1.1;rc=1, | | | |
| | <sip:proxyP2;cause=302>;index=1.1.1;mp=1.1 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | |INV C | | | | | |
| | | |----->| | | | | |
| | | Diversion: | | | | | |
| | <sip:userB>;reason=unconditional;counter=1;privacy=off|
| | | |History-Info: | | | | |
| | | <sip:proxyP1>;index=1, | | | |
| | | <sip:userB>;index=1.1;rc=1, | | |
| | | <sip:proxyP2;cause=302>;index=1.1.1;mp=1.1 |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | | |INV C | | | | |
| | | | |------>| | | | |
| | | | No modification of Diversion header |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |INV C | | | |
| | | | | |------>| | | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |<--180-| | | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | No response timer expires | |
| | | | | |---INV D --->| | |
| | |Diversion: | | |
| | <sip:userC>;reason=no-answer;counter=1;privacy=full, |
| | <sip:userB>;reason=unconditional;counter=1;privacy=off|
| | | History-Info: | | |
| | | <sip:proxyP1>;index=1, | | |
| | | <sip:userB>;index=1.1;rc=1, | | |
| | | <sip:proxyP2;cause=302>;index=1.1.1;mp=1.1 |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |INV E | |
| | | | | | | |----->| |
| | |Diversion: | |
| | <sip:userD>;reason=time-of-day;counter=1;privacy=off, |
| | <sip:userC>;reason=no-answer;counter=1;privacy=full, |
| | <sip:userB>;reason=unconditional;counter=1;privacy=off|
| | | History-Info: | |
| | | <sip:proxyP1>;index=1, | |
| | | <sip:userB>;index=1.1;rc=1, | |
| | | <sip:proxyP2;cause=302>;index=1.1.1;mp=1.1 |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | INV E |
| | | | | | | | |------>|
| | History-Info: | | | | | |
| | <sip:proxyP1>;index=1, | | | | |
| | <sip:userB>;index=1.1;rc=1, | | | |
| | <sip:proxyP2;cause=302>;index=1.1.1;mp=1.1, | |
| | <sip:userC ?Privacy=history>;index=1.1.1.0.1, | |
|<sip:userD;cause=408?Privacy=none>;index=1.1.1.0.1.1;mp=1.1.1.0.1, |
| |<sip:userE;cause=404>;index=1.1.1.0.1.1.1;mp=1.1.1.0.1.1 |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | |
+---------------+ +-------------------+
| Master Device | | Spectrum Database |
+---------------+ +-------------------+
| |
| INIT_REQ |
|-------------------->|
| |
| INIT_RESP |
|<--------------------|
| |
+---------------------------------------+
|INIT_REQ |
+----------------------------+----------|
|deviceDesc:DeviceDescriptor | REQUIRED |
|location:GeoLocation | REQUIRED |
|.......................................|
|*other:any | OPTIONAL |
+----------------------------+----------+
+---------------------------------------+
|INIT_RESP |
+----------------------------+----------+ 1..* +-------------+
|rulesetInfos:list | REQUIRED |------->| RulesetInfo |
|databaseChange:DbUpdateSpec | OPTIONAL | +-------------+
|.......................................|
|*other:any | OPTIONAL |
+----------------------------+----------+
+---------------+ +-------------------+
| Master Device | | Spectrum Database |
+---------------+ +-------------------+
| |
| REGISTRATION_REQ |
|------------------------>|
| |
| REGISTRATION_RESP |
|<------------------------|
| |
+-------------------------------------------+
|REGISTRATION_REQ |
+-------------------------------+-----------+
|deviceDesc:DeviceDescriptor | REQUIRED |
|location:GeoLocation | REQUIRED |
|deviceOwner:DeviceOwner | OPTIONAL |
|antenna:AntennaCharacteristics | OPTIONAL |
|...........................................|
|*other:any | OPTIONAL |
+-------------------------------+-----------+
+---------------------------------------+
|REGISTRATION_RESP |
+----------------------------+----------+ 1..* +-------------+
|rulesetInfos:list | REQUIRED |------->| RulesetInfo |
|databaseChange:DbUpdateSpec | OPTIONAL | +-------------+
|............................|..........|
|*other:any | OPTIONAL |
+----------------------------+----------+
+---------------+ +-------------------+
| Master Device | | Spectrum Database |
+---------------+ +-------------------+
| |
| AVAIL_SPECTRUM_REQ |
| (AVAIL_SPECTRUM_BATCH_REQ) |
|--------------------------->|
| |
| AVAIL_SPECTRUM_RESP |
| (AVAIL_SPECTRUM_BATCH_RESP)|
|<---------------------------|
| |
| (SPECTRUM_USE_NOTIFY) |
|--------------------------->|
| |
| (SPECTRUM_USE_RESP) |
|<---------------------------|
| |
+------------+ +---------------+ +-------------------+
|Slave Device| | Master Device | | Spectrum Database |
+------------+ +---------------+ +-------------------+
| | |
| AVAIL_SPEC_REQ | |
|................>| |
| | |
| | AVAIL_SPECTRUM_REQ |
| |-------------------------->|
| | |
| | AVAIL_SPECTRUM_RESP |
| |<--------------------------|
| AVAIL_SPEC_RESP | |
|<................| |
| | |
| (SPECTRUM_USE) | |
|................>| (SPECTRUM_USE_NOTIFY) |
| |-------------------------->|
| | |
| | (SPECTRUM_USE_RESP) |
| |<--------------------------|
| | |
+----------------------------------------------------+
|AVAIL_SPECTRUM_REQ |
+----------------------------------+-----------------+
|deviceDesc:DeviceDescriptor | see description |
|location:GeoLocation | see description |
|owner:DeviceOwner | OPTIONAL |
|antenna:AntennaCharacteristics | OPTIONAL |
|capabilities:DeviceCapabilities | OPTIONAL |
|masterDeviceDesc:DeviceDescriptor | OPTIONAL |
|masterDeviceLocation:GeoLocation | see description |
|requestType:string | OPTIONAL |
|..................................|.................|
|*other:any | OPTIONAL |
+----------------------------------+-----------------+
+---------------------------------------+
|AVAIL_SPECTRUM_RESP |
+----------------------------+----------+
|timestamp:string | REQUIRED |
|deviceDesc:DeviceDescriptor | REQUIRED |
|spectrumSpecs:list | REQUIRED |-------+
|............................|..........| |
|databaseChange:DbUpdateSpec | OPTIONAL | |
|*other:any | OPTIONAL | |
+----------------------------+----------+ | 1..*
V
+-----------------------------------+
|SpectrumSpec |
+------------------------+----------+
|rulesetInfo:RulesetInfo | REQUIRED |
|spectrumSchedules:list | REQUIRED |-+
|timeRange:EventTime | OPTIONAL | |
|frequencyRanges:list | OPTIONAL | |
|needsSpectrumReport:bool| OPTIONAL | |
|maxTotalBwHz:float | OPTIONAL | |
|maxContiguousBwHz:float | OPTIONAL | |
+------------------------+----------+ |
+--------------------+
| 1..*
V
+-------------------------------+
|SpectrumSchedule |
+--------------------+----------+
|eventTime:EventTime | REQUIRED |
|spectra:list | REQUIRED |
+--------------------+----------+
+---------------------------------------------------+
|AVAIL_SPECTRUM_BATCH_REQ |
+---------------------------------+-----------------+
|deviceDesc:DeviceDescriptor | see description |
|locations:list | REQUIRED |--+
|owner:DeviceOwner | OPTIONAL | |
|antenna:AntennaCharacteristics | OPTIONAL | |
|capabilities:DeviceCapabilities | OPTIONAL | |
|masterDeviceDesc:DeviceDescriptor| OPTIONAL | |
|masterDeviceLocation:GeoLocation | see description | |
|requestType:string | OPTIONAL | |
+.................................+.................+ |
|*other:any | OPTIONAL | |
+---------------------------------+-----------------+ |
|
1..* V
+-------------+
| GeoLocation |
+-------------+
+---------------------------------------+
|AVAIL_SPECTRUM_BATCH_RESP |
+----------------------------+----------+
|timestamp:string | REQUIRED |
|deviceDesc:DeviceDescriptor | REQUIRED |
|geoSpectrumSpecs:list | REQUIRED |-------+
|............................|..........| |
|databaseChange:DbUpdateSpec | OPTIONAL | |
|*other:any | OPTIONAL | |
+----------------------------+----------+ | 0..*
V
+---------------------------------+
|GeoSpectrumSpec |
+----------------------+----------+
|location:GeoLocation | REQUIRED |
|spectrumSpecs:list | REQUIRED |
+----------------------+----------+
+---------------------------------------------------+
|SPECTRUM_USE_NOTIFY |
+---------------------------------+-----------------+
|deviceDesc:DeviceDescriptor | REQUIRED |
|location:GeoLocation | see description |
|masterDeviceDesc:DeviceDescriptor| OPTIONAL |
|masterDeviceLocation:GeoLocation | see description |
|spectra:list | REQUIRED |--+
|...................................................| |
|*other:any | OPTIONAL | |
+---------------------------------+-----------------+ | 0..*
V
+--------------------------------+
|Spectrum |
+---------------------+----------+
|resolutionBwHz:float | REQUIRED |
|profiles:list | REQUIRED |
+---------------------+----------+
+---------------------------------------+
|SPECTRUM_USE_RESP |
+----------------------------+----------+
|databaseChange:DbUpdateSpec | OPTIONAL |
|.......................................|
|*other:any | OPTIONAL |
+----------------------------+----------+
+------------+ +---------------+ +-------------------+
|Slave Device| | Master Device | | Spectrum Database |
+------------+ +---------------+ +-------------------+
| | |
| AVAIL_SPEC_REQ | |
|................>| |
| | |
| | DEV_VALID_REQ |
| |-------------------------->|
| | |
| | DEV_VALID_RESP |
| |<--------------------------|
| AVAIL_SPEC_RESP | |
|<................| |
| | |
| (SPECTRUM_USE) | |
|................>| (SPECTRUM_USE_NOTIFY) |
| |-------------------------->|
| | |
| | (SPECTRUM_USE_RESP) |
| |<--------------------------|
+---------------------------------------------+
|DEV_VALID_REQ |
+----------------------------------+----------+
|deviceDescs:list | REQUIRED |---+
|masterDeviceDesc:DeviceDescriptor | OPTIONAL | |
+----------------------------------+----------+ |
V 1..*
+----------------------+
|DeviceDescriptor |
+----------------------+
+------------------------------------+
|GeoLocation |
+------------------+-----------------+
|point:Ellipse | see description |
|region:Polygon | see description |
|confidence:int | OPTIONAL |
+------------------+-----------------+
Note: Point and region are mutually exclusive. Exactly one must
be present.
+-------------------------------+
|Ellipse |
+--------------------+----------+
|center:Point | REQUIRED |--+
|semiMajorAxis:float | OPTIONAL | |
|semiMinorAxis:float | OPTIONAL | |
|orientation:float | OPTIONAL | |
+--------------------+----------+ v
+---------------------------+
|Point |
+----------------+----------+
|latitude:float | REQUIRED |
|longitude:float | REQUIRED |
+----------------+----------+
+-------------------------------+
|Polygon |
+-------------------+-----------+ 4..* +---------------------------+
|exterior:list | REQUIRED |------>|Point |
+-------------------+-----------+ +----------------+----------+
|latitude:float | REQUIRED |
|longitude:float | REQUIRED |
+----------------+----------+
+--------------------------------+
|DeviceDescriptor |
+---------------------+----------+
|serialNumber:string | OPTIONAL |
|manufacturerId:string| OPTIONAL |
|modelId:string | OPTIONAL | 1..*
|rulesetIds:list | OPTIONAL |------>string
|.....................|..........|
|*other:any | OPTIONAL |
+---------------------+----------+
+------------------------------------+
|AntennaCharacteristics |
+-------------------------+----------+
|height:float | OPTIONAL |
|heightType:enum | OPTIONAL |
|heightUncertainty:float | OPTIONAL |
|.........................|..........|
|*characteristics: | OPTIONAL |
| various | |
+-------------------------+----------+
+-------------------------------+
|DeviceCapabilities |
+---------------------+---------+
|frequencyRanges:list |OPTIONAL |--+
|.....................|.........| |
|*other:any |OPTIONAL | |
+---------------------+---------+ | 0..*
V
+--------------------------------+
|FrequencyRange |
+----------------------+---------+
|startHz:float |REQUIRED |
|stopHz:float |REQUIRED |
+----------------------+---------+
+-----------------------------+
|DeviceOwner |
+------------------+----------+
|owner:vcard | REQUIRED |
|operator:vcard | OPTIONAL |
+------------------+----------+
+------------------------------------------+
|RulesetInfo |
+------------------------------------------+
|authority:string | REQUIRED |
|rulesetId:string | REQUIRED |
|maxLocationChange:float | see description |
|maxPollingSecs:int | see description |
|..........................................|
|*other:any | OPTIONAL |
+------------------------+-----------------+
+-------------------------------+
|DbUpdateSpec |
+---------------------+---------+ +--------------------------+
|databases:list |REQUIRED |------>|DatabaseSpec |
+---------------------+---------+ 1..* +---------------+----------+
|name:string | REQUIRED |
|uri:string | REQUIRED |
+---------------+----------+
+--------------------------+
|DatabaseSpec |
+---------------+----------+
|name:string | REQUIRED |
|uri:string | REQUIRED |
+---------------+----------+
+---------------------------------------+
|SpectrumSpec |
+----------------------------+----------+
|rulesetInfo:RulesetInfo | REQUIRED |
|spectrumSchedules:list | REQUIRED |-----+
|timeRange:EventTime | OPTIONAL | |
|frequencyRanges:list | OPTIONAL | |
|needsSpectrumReport:boolean | OPTIONAL | |
|maxTotalBwHz:float | OPTIONAL | |
|maxContiguousBwHz:float | OPTIONAL | |
+----------------------------+----------+ |
| 1..*
V
+-------------------------------+
|SpectrumSchedule |
+--------------------+----------+
|eventTime:EventTime | REQUIRED |
|spectra:list | REQUIRED |
+--------------------+----------+
+-------------------------------+
|SpectrumSchedule |
+--------------------+----------+
|eventTime:EventTime | REQUIRED | +--------------------+
|spectra:list | REQUIRED |------->|Spectrum |
+--------------------+----------+ 0..* +--------------------+
|resolutionBwHz:float|
|profiles:list |
+--------------------+
+-------------------------------+
|Spectrum |
+---------------------+---------+
|resolutionBwHz:float |REQUIRED |
|profiles:list |REQUIRED |---+
+---------------------+---------+ | 0..*
V
+-----------------------------+
|SpectrumProfile |
+-------------------+---------+
|list |REQUIRED |
+-------------------+---------+
|
V 2..*
+--------------------------+
|SpectrumProfilePoint |
+----------------+---------+
|hz:float |REQUIRED |
|dbm:float |REQUIRED |
+----------------+---------+
+-------------------------------+
|SpectrumProfile |
+---------------------+---------+
|list |REQUIRED |---+
+---------------------+---------+ | 2..*
V
+--------------------------+
|SpectrumProfilePoint |
+----------------+---------+
|hz:float |REQUIRED |
|dbm:float |REQUIRED |
+----------------+---------+
+--------------------------------+
|FrequencyRange |
+----------------------+---------+
|startHz:float |REQUIRED |
|stopHz:float |REQUIRED |
+----------------------+---------+
+---------------------------+
|EventTime |
+-----------------+---------+
|startTime:string |REQUIRED |
|stopTime:string |REQUIRED |
+-----------------+---------+
+----------------------------------+
|GeoSpectrumSpec |
+-----------------------+----------+
|location:GeoLocation | REQUIRED |
|spectrumSpecs:list | REQUIRED |-------+
+-----------------------+----------+ |
| 1..*
V
+--------------+
| SpectrumSpec |
+--------------+
+---------------------------------------+
|DeviceValidity |
+----------------------------+----------+
|deviceDesc:DeviceDescriptor | REQUIRED |
|isValid:boolean | REQUIRED |
|reason:string | OPTIONAL |
+----------------------------+----------+
+----------------------------------+
|Error |
+----------------+-----------------+
|code:int | REQUIRED |
|message:string | OPTIONAL |
|data:any | see description |
+----------------+-----------------+
+---------------------------+
|Error |
+----------------+----------+
|code:int | REQUIRED |
|message:string | OPTIONAL | +-----------------------------+
|data:ErrorData | OPTIONAL |--->|ErrorData |
+----------------+----------+ +------------------+----------+
|spec:DbUpdateSpec | OPTIONAL |
+------------------+----------+
+---------------------------+
|Error |
+----------------+----------+
|code:int | REQUIRED |
|message:string | OPTIONAL | +-----------------------------+
|data:ErrorData | OPTIONAL |--->|ErrorData |
+----------------+----------+ +------------------+----------+
|spec:DbUpdateSpec | REQUIRED |
+------------------+----------+
Parameter Name Predefined Values Reference
____________________________________________
iotl Yes RFC 7549
Visited Proxy Visited Proxy Home Proxy Home Proxy
Alice's . . . . P-CSCF . . . . . IBCF-V . . . . . IBCF-H . . . . S-CSCF
| | | | |
| REGISTER F1 | | | |
|--------------->| REGISTER F2 | | |
| |--------------->| REGISTER F3 | |
| | |--------------->| REGISTER F4 |
| | | |--------------->|
| | | | |
| | | | 200 (OK) F5 |
| | | |<---------------|
| | | 200 (OK) F6 | |
| | |<---------------| |
| | 200 (OK) F7 | | |
| |<---------------| | |
| 200 (OK) F8 | | | |
|<---------------| | | |
Visited Proxy Visited Proxy Home Proxy Home Proxy
Alice's . . . . P-CSCF . . . . . IBCF-V . . . . . IBCF-H . . . . S-CSCF
| | | | |
| INVITE F1 | | | |
|--------------->| INVITE F2 | | |
| |--------------->| INVITE F3 | |
| | |--------------->| INVITE F4 |
| | | |--------------->|
| | | | |
| | | | 180 F5 |
| | | 180 F6 |<---------------|
| | 180 F7 |<---------------| |
| 180 F8 |<---------------| | |
|<---------------| | | |
| | | | |
Home Proxy Home Proxy Visited Proxy Visited Proxy
S-CSCF . . . . IBCF-H . . . . . IBCF-V . . . . . P-CSCF . . . . . Bob
| | | | |
| INVITE F1 | | | |
|--------------->| INVITE F2 | | |
| |--------------->| INVITE F3 | |
| | |--------------->| INVITE F4 |
| | | |--------------->|
| | | | |
| | | | 180 F5 |
| | | 180 F6 |<---------------|
| | 180 F7 |<---------------| |
| 180 F8 |<---------------| | |
|<---------------| | | |
| | | | |
Home-A Proxy Home-A Proxy Home-B Proxy Home-B Proxy Home-B Proxy
S-CSCF-A . . . . IBCF-A . . . . .IBCF-B . . . . .I-CSCF-B . . .S-CSCF-B
| | | | |
| INVITE F1 | | | |
|--------------->| INVITE F2 | | |
| |--------------->| INVITE F3 | |
| | |--------------->| INVITE F4 |
| | | |--------------->|
| | | | |
| | | | 180 F5 |
| | | 180 F6 |<---------------|
| | 180 F7 |<---------------| |
| 180 F8 |<---------------| | |
|<---------------| | | |
| | | | |
<----------- Wi-Fi 'Internet' PvD -------->
+---------+
| +-----+ | +-----+ _ __ _ _
| |Wi-Fi| | | | ( ` ) ( ` )_
| |-IF + |----+ |---------------------------( `)
| | | | |Wi-Fi| ( ) ( Internet )
| +-----+ | | AP | ( ) ( )
| | | | ( Service ) ( )
| | +-----+ ( Provider's ) ( )
| | ( Networks - ( )
| +----+ | `_ ) ( )
| |CELL| | ( ) ( )
| |-IF +--|-------------------------------------( )
| | | | (_ __) (_ _)
| +----+ | `- -- `- __ _) -
+---------+
<------- Mobile 'Internet' PvD ----------->
<----------- 'Internet' PvD ------>
+--------+
| +----+ | +----+ _ __ _ _
| |Phy | | | | ( ` ) ( ` )_
| |-IF +-|----+ |--------------------( `)
| | | | | | ( ) (_ Internet _)
| +----+ | | | ( ) `- __ _) -
| | |Home| ( Service ) ||
| | |Gate| ( Provider's ) ||
| | |-way| ( Network - ||
| +----+ | | | `_ ) +---------+ +------------+
| |VPN | | | | ( ) | VPN | | |
| |-IF +-|----+ |---------------------+ Gateway |--+ Private |
| | | | | | (_ __) | | | Services |
| +----+ | +----+ `- -- +---------+ +------------+
+--------+
<-------------- Explicit 'VPN' PvD ----->
<------ Implicit 'Internet' PvD ------>
+----+ +-----+ _ __ _ _
| | | | ( ` ) ( ` )_
| PC +-----+ |-------------------------( `)
| | | | ( ) (_ Internet _)
+----+ | | ( ) `- __ _) -
|Home | ( Service )
|Gate-| ( Provider's )
|way | ( Network -
+-----+ | | `_ ) +-----------+
| Set-| | | ( ) |ISP Video- |
| Top +----+ |--------------------------+on-Demand |
| Box | | | (_ __) | Service |
+-----+ +-----+ `- -- +-----------+
<-- Explicit 'Video-on-Demand' PvD -->
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
| | | N | C | E | U | A | P | R | S | F |
| Header Length | Reserved | S | W | C | R | C | S | S | Y | I |
| | | | R | E | G | K | H | T | N | N |
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
+-----+ +-------+
| AAA | | PCF |
+--+--+ +---+---+
| |
| |
+----+ +--+--------+ +---+---+
| | IEEE 802.11, WMM-AC |+-++ +---+| PMIPv6 | |
| MN <---------------------->|AP+--+MAG|<==========> LMA |
| | (ADDTS, DELTS) |+--+ +---+| QoS | |
+----+ +-----------+ +-------+
+-----------+
+----+ |+--+ +---+| +-------+
| MN | ||AP| |MAG|| | LMA |
+-+--+ ++-++--+-+-++ +---+---+
| | | |
+-------------------------------------------------------------+
| (0) Establishment of application session |
| and reservation of QoS resources |
| |
| (Session in progress) |
| |
| Release of application session |
+-------------------------------------------------------------+
| | | |
| DELTS Request (TS INFO)(1) | | |
|---------------------------->| | |
| |---->| |
| |<----| |
| DELTS Response (TS INFO)(2) | | |
|<----------------------------| | |
| | |PBU(QoS,DE-ALLOC)(3)|
| | |------------------->|Policy
| | | |<---->
| | | |Update
| | |PBA(QoS,RESPONSE)(4)|
| | |<-------------------|
| | | |
+-----------+
+----+ |+--+ +---+| +-------+
| MN | ||AP| |MAG|| | LMA |
+-+--+ ++-++--+-+-++ +---+---+
| | | |
+-------------------------------------------------------------+
| Establishment of application session |
| and reservation of QoS resources |
| |
| (Session in progress) |
| |
| Release of application session |
+-------------------------------------------------------------+
| | | | Policy
| | | |<------
| | |UPN(QoS,DE-ALLOC) |
| | |<------------------|
| |<----| (1) |
| |---->|UPA(QoS,RESPONSE) |
| | |------------------>|
| | | (2) |
| | | |
| DELTS Request (TS INFO)(3) | | |
|<----------------------------| | |
| DELTS Response (TS INFO)(4) | | |
|---------------------------->| | |
| | | |
+-----------+
+----+ |+--+ +---+| +-------+
| MN | ||AP| |MAG|| | LMA |
+-+--+ ++-++--+-+-++ +---+---+
| | | |
+----------------------------------------------------------------+
| (0) establish session with mobile network |
+----------------------------------------------------------------+
| | | |
| | | | Policy
| | | |<----------
| | |UPN(QoS opt(2) | Update(1)
| ADDTS Reserve Request | |<-----------------|
| (TCLAS, TSPEC)(3) |<----| |
|<-------------------------| | |
| ADDTS Reserve Response | | |
| (TCLAS, TSPEC)(4) | | |
|------------------------->| | |
| |---->|UPA(QoS opt)(5) |
| | |----------------->|
| | | |
SupplementalData*
Certificate*
ClientKeyExchange
CertificateVerify*
[ChangeCipherSpec]
Finished -------->
[ChangeCipherSpec]
<-------- Finished
Application Data <-------> Application Data
SupplementalData(with Data D1)
Certificate
ClientKeyExchange
CertificateVerify
[ChangeCipherSpec]
Finished -------->
[ChangeCipherSpec]
<-------- Finished
Application Data <-------> Application Data
ClientHello (w/ extensions) --------> |0
ServerHello (no authz extensions) |0
Certificate* |0
ServerKeyExchange* |0
CertificateRequest* |0
<-------- ServerHelloDone |0
Certificate* |0
ClientKeyExchange |0
CertificateVerify* |0
[ChangeCipherSpec] |0
Finished --------> |1
[ChangeCipherSpec] |0
<-------- Finished |1
<-------- HelloRequest |1
ClientHello (w/ extensions) --------> |1
ServerHello (w/ extensions) |1
SupplementalData* |1
Certificate* |1
ServerKeyExchange* |1
CertificateRequest* |1
<-------- ServerHelloDone |1
SupplementalData* |1
Certificate* |1
ClientKeyExchange |1
CertificateVerify* |1
[ChangeCipherSpec] |1
Finished --------> |2
[ChangeCipherSpec] |1
<-------- Finished |2
Application Data <-------> Application Data |2
Bit | | Attribute | Attribute | | |
No. | Name | Flags Path | Flags Resv | RRO | ERO | Reference
-----+-----------+------------+------------+-----+-----+-------------
13 | Loopback | Yes | No | Yes | Yes |this document
Value | Description | Reference
-----------+-----------------------------+--------------
26 | Lock Failure | this document
27 | Unlock Failure | this document
28 | Loopback Failure | this document
29 | Exit Loopback Failure | this document
XMPP XMPP XMPP-to-MSRP SIP SIP
User Server Gateway Server User
| | | | |
| (F1) XMPP | | | |
| message | | | |
|..............>| | | |
| | (F2) XMPP | | |
| | message | | |
| |..............>| | |
| | | (F3) SIP | |
| | | INVITE | |
| | |**************>| |
| | | | (F4) SIP |
| | | | INVITE |
| | | |**************>|
| | | | (F5) SIP |
| | | | 200 OK |
| | | |<**************|
| | | (F6) SIP | |
| | | 200 OK | |
| | |<**************| |
| | | (F7) SIP ACK | |
| | |**************>| |
| | | | (F8) SIP ACK |
| | | |**************>|
| | | (F9) MSRP SEND |
| | |******************************>|
. . . . .
. . . . .
| | | (F10) MSRP SEND |
| | |<******************************|
| | (F11) XMPP | | |
| | message | | |
| |<..............| | |
| (F12) XMPP | | | |
| message | | | |
|<..............| | | |
. . . . .
. . . . .
| | | | (F13) SIP BYE |
| | | |<**************|
| | | (F14) SIP BYE | |
| | |<**************| |
| | | (F15) SIP | |
| | | 200 OK | |
| | |**************>| |
| | | | (F16) SIP |
| | | | 200 OK |
| | | |**************>|
SIP SIP MSRP-to-XMPP XMPP XMPP
User Server Gateway Server User
| | | | |
| (F17) SIP | | | |
| INVITE | | | |
|**************>| | | |
| | (F18) SIP | | |
| | INVITE | | |
| |**************>| | |
| | (F19) SIP | | |
| | 200 OK | | |
| |<**************| | |
| (F20) SIP | | | |
| 200 OK | | | |
|<**************| | | |
| (F21) SIP ACK | | | |
|**************>| | | |
| | (F22) SIP ACK | | |
| |**************>| | |
| (F23) MSRP SEND | | |
|******************************>| | |
| | | (F24) XMPP | |
| | | message | |
| | |..............>| |
| | | | (F25) XMPP |
| | | | message |
| | | |..............>|
. . . . .
. . . . .
| | | | (F26) XMPP |
| | | | message |
| | | |<..............|
| | | (F27) XMPP | |
| | | message | |
| | |<..............| |
| (F28) MSRP SEND | | |
|<******************************| | |
. . . . .
. . . . .
| | | | |
| | | | |
| (F29) SIP BYE | | | |
|**************>| | | |
| | (F30) SIP BYE | | |
| |**************>| | |
| | (F31) SIP | | |
| | 200 OK | | |
| |<**************| | |
| (F32) SIP | | | |
| 200 OK | | | |
|<**************| | | |
_________ _________ _________
| | | | | |
| Swarm | | Swarm | | Swarm |
| Mgr | | A | | B |
|_______| |_______| |_______|
| | / \
| | / \
____|____ ____|____ ______/__ _\_______
| | | | | | | |
| Chan | | Chan | | Chan | | Chan |
| 0 | | 481 | | 836 | | 372 |
|_______| |_______| |_______| |_______|
| | | |
| | | |
____|____________|____________|____________|____
| |
| UDP |
| port 6778 |
|______________________________________________|
+------------------------------------------------------------+
| +------------+ |
| | Feedback | |
| | Loops | |
| +------------+ |
| ^ |
| Autonomic User Agent |
| V |
| +-----------+ +------------+ +------------+ |
| | Self- | | Autonomic | | Network | |
| | knowledge |<------>| Service |<------>| Knowledge | |
| | | | Agents | | (Discovery)| |
| +-----------+ +------------+ +------------+ |
| ^ ^ |
| | | |
| V V |
|------------------------------------------------------------|
| Autonomic Control Plane |
|------------------------------------------------------------|
| Standard Operating System Functions |
+------------------------------------------------------------+
+-----------------------------------+
| management system |
+-----------------+-----------------+
|
| Battery MIB
|
+-----------------+-----------------+
| managed element | |
| | |
| +--------------+--------------+ |
| | battery charging controller | |
| +-----+--------------+--------+ |
| | | |
| +-----+-----+ | |
| | internal | | |
| | battery | | |
| +-----------+ | |
+-----------------------+-----------+
|
+-----+-----+
| external |
| battery |
+-----------+
(Tributary) Ports #3-#42
Input added to Output dropped from
West Line Output East Line Input
vvvvv ^^^^^
| |||.| | |||.|
+-----| |||.|--------| |||.|------+
| +----------------------+ |
| | | |
Output | | Unidirectional ROADM | | Input
-----------------+ | | +--------------
<=====================| |===================<
-----------------+ +----------------------+ +--------------
| |
Port #1 | | Port #2
(West Line Side) | |(East Line Side)
-----------------+ +----------------------+ +--------------
>=====================| |===================>
-----------------+ | Unidirectional ROADM | +--------------
Input | | | | Output
| | _ | |
| +----------------------+ |
+-----| |||.|--------| |||.|------+
| |||.| | |||.|
vvvvv ^^^^^
(Tributary) Ports #43-#82
Output dropped from Input added to
West Line Input East Line Output
(Tributary)
Ports #3-42 Ports #43-82
West Line Output East Line Input
vvvvv ^^^^^
| |||.| | |||.|
+-----| |||.|--------| |||.|------+
| +----------------------+ |
| | | |
Output | | Unidirectional ROADM | | Input
-----------------+ | | +--------------
<=====================| |===================<
-----------------+ +----------------------+ +--------------
| |
Port #1 | | Port #2
(West Line Side) | |(East Line Side)
-----------------+ +----------------------+ +--------------
>=====================| |===================>
-----------------+ | Unidirectional ROADM | +--------------
Input | | | | Output
| | _ | |
| +----------------------+ |
+-----| |||.|--------| |||.|------+
| |||.| | |||.|
vvvvv ^^^^^
Ports #3-#42 Ports #43-82
Output dropped from Input added to
West Line Input East Line Output
Type | Sub-TLV | Reference
-------+-------------------------------+------------
14 | Connectivity Matrix | [RFC7580]
Type | Sub-TLV | Reference
-------+-------------------------------+------------
34 | Port Label Restrictions | [RFC7580]
+-----------+ +------+
| |--------------------->| |
| |--------------------->| C |
/| | |--------------------->| o |
/D+--->| |--------------------->| m |
+ e+--->| | | b |=======>
========>| M| | Optical | +-----------+ | i | Port O1
Port I1 + u+--->| Switch | | WC Pool | | n |
\x+--->| | | +-----+ | | e |
\| | +----+->|WC #1|--+---->| r |
| | | +-----+ | +------+
| | | | +------+
/| | | | +-----+ | | |
/D+--->| +----+->|WC #2|--+---->| C |
+ e+--->| | | +-----+ | | o |
========>| M| | | +-----------+ | m |=======>
Port I2 + u+--->| | | b | Port O2
\x+--->| |--------------------->| i |
\| | |--------------------->| n |
| |--------------------->| e |
| |--------------------->| r |
+-----------+ +------+
/| +-----------+ +-------------+ +------+
/D+--->| +--->|Tunable Laser|-->| |
+ e+--->| | +-------------+ | C |
========>| M| | | ... | o |=======>
Port I1 + u+--->| | +-------------+ | m | Port O1
\x+--->| |--->|Tunable Laser|-->| b |
\| | Electric | +-------------+ +------+
| Switch |
/| | | +-------------+ +------+
/D+--->| +--->|Tunable Laser|-->| |
+ e+--->| | +-------------+ | C |
========>| M| | | ... | o |=======>
Port I2 + u+--->| | +-------------+ | m | Port O2
\x+--->| +--->|Tunable Laser|-->| b |
\| | | +-------------+ +------+
| |
/| | | +-------------+ +------+
/D+--->| |--->|Tunable Laser|-->| |
+ e+--->| | +-------------+ | C |
========>| M| | | ... | o |=======>
Port I3 + u+--->| | +-------------+ | m | Port O3
\x+--->| |--->|Tunable Laser|-->| b |
\| +-----------+ +-------------+ +------+
|1| |2| |3| |4| |5| |6| |7| |8|
| | | | | | | |
Key N |<-Ipub->|<--->|<-------Lzsk------>|<-Iret->|<--->|
| | | | | | | |
Key N+1 | | | |<-Ipub->|<-->|<---Lzsk---- - -
| | | | | | | |
Key N Tpub Trdy Tact Tret Tdea Trem
Key N+1 Tpub Trdy Tact
|1| |2| |3| |4|
| | | |
Key N |<-------Lzsk----------->|<--->|
| | | |
| |<--Iret-->| |
| | | |
Key N+1 | |<----Lzsk------- - -
| | | |
Key N Tact Tdea Trem
Key N+1 Tact
|1| |2| |3| |4|
| | | |
Key N |<-IpubC->|<--->|<-Dreg->|<-----Lksk--- - -
| | | |
Key N+1 | | | |
| | | |
Key N Tpub Trdy Tsbm Tact
Key N+1
|5| |6| |7| |8| |9| |10|
| | | | | |
Key N - - --------------Lksk------->|<-Iret->|<----->|
| | | | | |
Key N+1 |<-IpubC->|<--->|<-Dreg->|<--------Lksk----- - -
| | | | | |
Key N Tret Tdea Trem
Key N+1 Tpub Trdy Tsbm Tact
|1| |2| |3| |4| |5|
| | | | |
Key N |<-Dreg->|<-IpubP->|<-->|<-------Lksk---- - -
| | | | |
Key N+1 | | | | |<--Dreg-- - -
| | | | |
Key N Tsbm Tpub Trdy Tact
Key N+1 Tsbm
---- Time ---->
|6| |7| |8| |9| |10|
| | | | |
Key N - ----------Lksk--------->|<-Iret->|<---->|
| | | | |
Key N+1 - --Dreg-->|<-IpubP->|<-->|<---Lksk------- - -
| | | | |
Key N Tret Tdea Trem
Key N+1 Tpub Trdy Tact
|1| |2| |3| |4| |5|
| | | | |
Key N |<-----------Lksk---------->|<---->|
| | | | |
| |<------Ipub----->| |
| | | | |
| |<-Dreg->|<-Iret->| |
| | | | |
Key N+1 | | |<----Lksk-------- - -
| | | | |
Key N Tact Tret Tdea Trem
Key N+1 Tpub Tact
+-------+ +-------------------+ +-----+
| Alice | | Media Plane B2BUA | | Bob |
+-------+ +-------------------+ +-----+
|(1) INVITE |(3) INVITE |
| a=ice-ufrag1 | a=ice-ufrag2 |
| a=ice-pwd1 | a=ice-pwd2 |
| (Alice's IP, port) | (B2BUA's IP, port) |
| (Alice's candidate list)| (B2BUA's candidate list)|
|------------------------>|-------------------------->|
| | |
|(2) 100 trying | |
|<------------------------| |
| |(4) 100 trying |
| |<--------------------------|
| | |
| |(5) 200 OK |
| | a=ice-ufrag3 |
| | a=ice-pwd3 |
| | (Bob's IP, port) |
| | (Bob's candidate list) |
| |<--------------------------|
|(6) 200 OK | |
| a=ice-ufrag4 |-----------ACK------------>|
| a=ice-pwd4 | (7) |
| (B2BUA's IP, port) | |
|(B2BUA's candidate list1)| |
|<------------------------| |
| | |
|--------ACK------------->| |
| (8) | |
| | |
|<----ICE Connectivity 1->| |
| checks+conclusion |<-----ICE Connectivity 2-->|
| (9) | checks+conclusion |
| | (10) |
| | |
|<-------Media packets--->|<----Media packets-------->|
| (11) | (12) |
| | |
|<---ICE keepalives 1---->| |
| (13) |<----ICE keepalives 2----->|
(13)
+-------+ +-------------------+ +-----+
| Alice | | Media Plane B2BUA | | Bob |
+-------+ +-------------------+ +-----+
|(1) INVITE |(3) INVITE |
| a=ice-ufrag1 | a=ice-ufrag1 |
| a=ice-pwd1 | a=ice-pwd1 |
| (Alice's IP, port) | (Alice's IP, port) |
|(Alice's candidate list) | (Alice's candidate list + |
| | B2BUA's candidate list1) |
|------------------------>|-------------------------->|
| | |
|(2) 100 trying | |
|<------------------------| |
| |(4) 100 trying |
| |<--------------------------|
| | |
| |(5) 200 OK |
| | a=ice-ufrag2 |
| | a=ice-pwd2 |
| | (Bob's IP, port) |
| | (Bob's candidate list) |
| |<--------------------------|
|(6) 200 OK | |
| a=ice-ufrag2 |-----------ACK------------>|
| a=ice-pwd2 | (7) |
| (Bob's IP,port) | |
|(B2BUA's candidate list2 | |
| + Bob's candidate list) | |
|<------------------------| |
| | |
|----------ACK----------->| |
| (8) | |
| | |
|<----ICE Connectivity 1 (9)------------------------->|
| | |
|<----ICE Connectivity 2->| |
| checks+conclusion |<-----ICE Connectivity 2-->|
| (10) | checks+conclusion |
| | (11) |
| | |
|<-------------------Media packets------------------->|
| (12) |
| | |
|<------------------ICE keepalives------------------->|
(13)
+-------+
| |
| . |
| |
+---+---+
/ | \
+----------------/ | \---------------------+
| | |
| | |
| | |
+--+---+ +--+--+ +----+---+
| | | | | |
| .edu | . . . | .nl | . . . | .ac.uk |
| | | | | |
+--+---+ +--+--+ +----+---+
/ | \ | \ |
/ | \ | \ |
/ | \ | \ |
+-----+ | +-----+ | +------+ |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
+---+---+ +----+---+ +----+---+ +--+---+ +-----+----+ +-----+-----+
| | | | | | | | | | | |
|utk.edu| |utah.edu| |case.edu| |hva.nl| |surfnet.nl| |soton.ac.uk|
| | | | | | | | | | | |
+----+--+ +--------+ +--------+ +------+ +----+-----+ +-----------+
| |
| |
+--+--+ +--+--+
| | | |
+-+-----+-+ | |
| | +-----+
+---------+
user: paul@surfnet.nl surfnet.nl Authentication server
---------
/ \
--------- ------------
/ \
| DNS -
----------| \
/ \ surfnet.nl NAPTR? |
(1) / ---- -> radius.surfnet.nl /
/ \ /
/ -------- ---------
/ \---------/
|
| ---------------------------------------
| / (2) RADIUS \
| | |
+---+---+ +----+---+ +----+---+ +--+---+ +-----+----+ +-----+-----+
| | | | | | | | | | | |
|utk.edu| |utah.edu| |case.edu| |hva.nl| |surfnet.nl| |soton.ac.uk|
| | | | | | | | | | | |
+----+--+ +--------+ +--------+ +------+ +----+-----+ +-----------+
| |
| |
+--+--+ +--+--+
| | | |
+-+-----+-+ | |
| | +-----+
+---------+
user: paul@surfnet.nl surfnet.nl Authentication server
+---------------------+-------------------+-----------------------+
| NAI realm (RADIUS) | NAIRealm (cert) | MATCH? |
+---------------------+-------------------+-----------------------+
| foo.example | foo.example | YES |
| foo.example | *.example | YES |
| bar.foo.example | *.example | NO |
| bar.foo.example | *ar.foo.example | NO (NAIRealm invalid) |
| bar.foo.example | bar.*.example | NO (NAIRealm invalid) |
| bar.foo.example | *.*.example | NO (NAIRealm invalid) |
| sub.bar.foo.example | *.*.example | NO (NAIRealm invalid) |
| sub.bar.foo.example | *.bar.foo.example | YES |
+-----------------+-----------------------------------------------+
+-------+ +-------+ _ __ +-------+ +-------+
| | | SARP | / \_/ \_ | SARP | | |
|host A |<===>| proxy |<=>\_ \<==>| proxy |<===>|host B |
| | | 1 | / _/ | 2 | | |
+-------+ +-------+ \__ _/ +-------+ +-------+
\_/
<------West Site------> <------East Site------>
*-------------------*
| |
+-------| Interconnecting |-------+
| | network | |
| *-------------------* |
| |
*-----------------* *----------------*
| SARP Proxies | | SARP Proxies |
*-----------------* *----------------*
| | | |
*-------* *-------* *-------* *-------*
|Access | |Access | |Access | |Access |
*-------* *-------* *-------* *-------*
|
*----------*
|Hypervisor|
*----------*
|
*--------*
|Virtual |
|Machine |
*--------*
*-------------------*
| |
+-------| TRANSPORT |-------+
| | | |
| *-------------------* |
| |
*-----------------* *----------------*
| Edge Device | | Edge Device |
*-----------------* *----------------*
| |
*-----------------* *----------------*
| Core | | Core |
*-----------------* *----------------*
| | | |
*-------* *-------* *-------* *-------*
| Agg | | Agg | | Agg | | Agg |
*-------* *-------* *-------* *-------*
|
*----------*
|Hypervisor|
*----------*
+-------+ +-------+ _ __ +-------+ +-------+
|host A | | SARP | / \_/ \_ | SARP | |host B |
| IP-S |<===>|proxy 1|<=>\_ \<==>|proxy 2|<===>| IP-D |
| MAC-S | | MAC-W | / _/ | MAC-E | | MAC-D |
+-------+ +-------+ \__ _/ +-------+ +-------+
\_/
<------West Site------> <------East Site------>
+-------+ +-------+ _ __ +-------+ +-------+
|host A | | SARP | / \_/ \_ | SARP | |host A |
| IP-D |<===>|proxy 1|<=>\_ \<==>|proxy 2|<===>| IP-D |
| MAC-D | | MAC-W | / _/ | MAC-E | | MAC-D |
+-------+ +-------+ \__ _/ +-------+ +-------+
\_/
<------West Site------> <------East Site------>
Origin Site Destination Site
+--------(A)- Initial Access Token (OPTIONAL)
|
| +----(B)- Software Statement (OPTIONAL)
| |
v v
+-----------+ +---------------+
| |--(C)- Client Registration Request -->| Client |
| Client or | | Registration |
| Developer |<-(D)- Client Information Response ---| Endpoint |
| | or Client Error Response +---------------+
+-----------+
+--------(A)- Initial Access Token (OPTIONAL)
|
| +----(B)- Software Statement (OPTIONAL)
| |
v v
+-----------+ +---------------+
| |--(C)- Client Registration Request -->| Client |
| | | Registration |
| |<-(D)- Client Information Response ---| Endpoint |
| | +---------------+
| |
| | +---------------+
| Client or |--(E)- Read or Update Request ------->| |
| Developer | | |
| |<-(F)- Client Information Response ---| Client |
| | | Configuration |
| | | Endpoint |
| | | |
| |--(G)- Delete Request --------------->| |
| | | |
| |<-(H)- Delete Confirmation -----------| |
+-----------+ +---------------+
+-----+
/ \
/ \
/ \
/ \
,----------\ | | ,---------\
| SP | | eduroam | | IdP |
| +----+ trust fabric +---+ |
`------+---' | | '-----+---'
| | | |
| \ / |
| \ / |
| \ / |
| \ / |
+----+ +-----+ +----+
| |
| |
+---+--+ +--+---+
| | | |
+-+------+-+ ___________________________ | |
| | O__________________________ ) +------+
+----------+
Host (supplicant) EAP tunnel Authentication server
+-------+
| |
| . |
| |
+---+---+
/ | \
+----------------/ | \---------------------+
| | |
| | |
| | |
+--+---+ +--+--+ +----+---+
| | | | | |
| .edu | . . . | .nl | . . . | .ac.uk |
| | | | | |
+--+---+ +--+--+ +----+---+
/ | \ | \ |
/ | \ | \ |
/ | \ | \ |
+-----+ | +-----+ | +------+ |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
+---+---+ +----+---+ +----+---+ +--+---+ +-----+----+ +-----+-----+
| | | | | | | | | | | |
|utk.edu| |utah.edu| |case.edu| |hva.nl| |surfnet.nl| |soton.ac.uk|
| | | | | | | | | | | |
+----+--+ +--------+ +--------+ +------+ +----+-----+ +-----------+
| |
| |
+--+--+ +--+--+
| | | |
+-+-----+-+ | |
| | +-----+
+---------+
user: paul@surfnet.nl surfnet.nl Authentication server
+--------+ +-----------+ +-----------+ ^
|End user| | | Observed | End user | |
| |<-----|-----------|---Traffic--->| | |
| | | | Flow | | |
| | | | | | Non-LMAP
| | | | Measurement | | Scope
| | | |<--Traffic--->| | |
+--------+ | | +-----------+ |
................|...........|.................................V
<MP> |Measurement| <MP> ^
|Agent: | |
|LMAP | |
+----------->|interface | |
| +-----------+ |
| ^ | LMAP
| Instruction | | Report Scope
| (over Control | | (over Report Channel) |
| Channel) | +-----------------------+ |
| | | |
| | | |
| | v |
| +------------+ +------------+ |
| | Controller | | Collector | |
| +------------+ +------------+ v
| ^ ^ | ^
| | | | |
| | +--------+ | |
| | | v |
+------------+ +----------+ +--------+ +----------+ |
|Bootstrapper| |Subscriber|--->| data |<---| Results | Non-
+------------+ |parameter | |analysis| |repository| LMAP
|database | | tools | +----------+ Scope
+----------+ +--------+ |
|
v
+-----------------+ +-------------+
| | | Measurement |
| Controller |===================================| Agent |
+-----------------+ +-------------+
+-----------------+ +-------------+
| | | Measurement |
| Controller |===================================| Agent |
+-----------------+ +-------------+
+-----------------+ +-------------+
| | | Measurement |
| Controller |==============================| Agent |
+-----------------+ +-------------+
+-----------------+ +-------------+
| | | Measurement |
| Controller |==================================| Agent |
+-----------------+ +-------------+
+-----------------+ +-------------+
| | | Measurement |
| Collector |==================================| Agent |
+-----------------+ +-------------+
^
+------------------+ web traffic +----------------+ non-LMAP
| web client |<------------>| web server | Scope
| | +----------------+ |
...|..................|....................................V...
|MA:LMAP interface | <MP> ^
+------------------+ |
^ | |
Instruction | | Report |
| +-----------------+ |
| | |
| v LMAP
+------------+ +------------+ Scope
| Controller | | Collector | |
+------------+ +------------+ V
+------------------+ OWAMP +-----------------+ ^
| OWAMP |<--control--->| | |
| control-client |-test-traffic>| OWAMP server & | non-LMAP
| fetch-client & |<----fetch----| session-receiver| Scope
| session-sender | | | |
| | +-----------------+ |
...|..................|.....................................v...
|MA:LMAP interface | <MP> ^
+------------------+ |
^ | |
Instruction | | Report |
| +-----------------+ |
| | |
| v LMAP
+------------+ +------------+ Scope
| Controller | | Collector | |
+------------+ +------------+ v
+----------------+ +-------------------+ ^
| | | | non-LMAP
| iperf -u sender|-UDP traffic->| iperf -u receiver | Scope
| | | | v
...|................|..............|...................|........
| MA-1: | | MA-2: | ^
| LMAP interface | | LMAP interface | |
+----------------+ +-------------------+ |
^ ^ | |
Instruction | Instruction{Report} | | Report |
{Task, | +-------------------+ | |
Schedule} | | | |
| | v LMAP
+------------+ +------------+ Scope
| Controller | | Collector | |
+------------+ +------------+ v
+--------+ +------------------+ +--------+ ^
|End user| | monitor | Observed |End user| |
| |<--|------------------|--Traffic-->| | non-LMAP
| | | | Flow | | Scope
+--------+ | | +--------+ |
............|..................|............................v..
<MP> |MA:LMAP interface | <MP> ^
+------------------+ |
^ | |
Instruction | | Report |
| +-----------------+ |
| | |
| v LMAP
+------------+ +------------+ Scope
| Controller | | Collector | |
+------------+ +------------+ v
_________________ _________________
| | | |
|Measurement Peer |=========== NAT ? ==========|Measurement Agent|
|_________________| |_________________|
_________________ ____________
| | | |
| DNS Server |=========== NAT ? ==========*=======| User client|
|_________________| ^ |____________|
______|_______
| |
| Measurement |
| Agent |
|______________|
+--------+ +---------+ IPv4-in-IPv6 +---------+ +-------------+
|IPv4 LAN|---| B4 |================|AFTR/NAPT|---|IPv4 Internet|
+--------+ +---------+ +---------+ +-------------+
DS-Lite NAPT model: all state in the AFTR
+--------+ +---------+ IPv4-in-IPv6 +------+ +-------------+
|IPv4 LAN|---|lwB4/NAPT|================|lwAFTR|---|IPv4 Internet|
+--------+ +---------+ +------+ +-------------+
lw4o6 NAPT model:
subscriber state in the lwAFTR, NAPT state in the lwB4
+------------+
/-------|Provisioning|<-----\
| +------------+ |
| |
V V
+--------+ +---------+ IPv4/IPv6 +------+ +-------------+
|IPv4 LAN|---|lwB4/NAPT|==================|lwAFTR|----|IPv4 Internet|
+--------+ +---------+ +------+ +-------------+
+-------------+
| lwB4 |
+--------+ IPv4 |------+------| IPv4-in-IPv6 +----------+
|IPv4 LAN|------->| |Encap.|-------------->|Configured|
| |<-------| NAPT | or |<--------------| lwAFTR |
+--------+ | |Decap.| +----------+
+------+------+
User N
Private IPv4
| Network
|
O--+---------------O
| | MAP CE |
| +-----+--------+ |
| NAPT44| MAP | |
| +-----+ | |\ ,-------. .------.
| +--------+ | \ ,-' `-. ,-' `-.
O------------------O / \ O---------O / Public \
/ IPv6-only \ | MAP | / IPv4 \
( Network --+ Border +- Network )
\ (MAP Domain) / | Relay | \ /
O------------------O \ / O---------O \ /
| MAP CE | /". ,-' `-. ,-'
| +-----+--------+ | / `----+--' ------'
| NAPT44| MAP | |/
| +-----+ | |
| | +--------+ |
O---+--------------O
|
User M
Private IPv4
Network
0 1
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5
+-----------+-----------+-------+
Ports in | A | PSID | j |
the CE port set | > 0 | | |
+-----------+-----------+-------+
| a bits | k bits |m bits |
| n bits | o bits | s bits | 128-n-o-s bits |
+--------------------+-----------+---------+-----------------------+
| Rule IPv6 prefix | EA bits |subnet ID| interface ID |
+--------------------+-----------+---------+-----------------------+
|<--- End-user IPv6 prefix --->|
| r bits | o bits = p bits |
+-------------+---------------------+
| Rule IPv4 | IPv4 address suffix |
+-------------+---------------------+
| < 32 bits |
| r bits | o bits = p bits |
+-------------+---------------------+
| Rule IPv4 | IPv4 address suffix |
+-------------+---------------------+
| 32 bits |
| r bits | p bits | | q bits |
+-------------+---------------------+ +------------+
| Rule IPv4 | IPv4 address suffix | |Port Set ID |
+-------------+---------------------+ +------------+
| 32 bits |
| 32 bits | | 16 bits |
+--------------------------+ +-------------------+
| IPv4 destination address | | IPv4 dest port |
+--------------------------+ +-------------------+
: : ___/ :
| p bits | / q bits :
+-----------+ +------------+
|IPv4 suffix| |Port Set ID |
+-----------+ +------------+
\ / ____/ ________/
\ : __/ _____/
\ : / /
| n bits | o bits | s bits | 128-n-o-s bits |
+--------------------+-----------+---------+------------+----------+
| Rule IPv6 prefix | EA bits |subnet ID| interface ID |
+--------------------+-----------+---------+-----------------------+
|<--- End-user IPv6 prefix --->|
| 128-n-o-s bits |
| 16 bits| 32 bits | 16 bits|
+--------+----------------+--------+
| 0 | IPv4 address | PSID |
+--------+----------------+--------+
0 8 15
+---------------+----------+------+-------------------+
| P |
----------------+-----------------+-------------------+
| i | PSID | j |
+---------------+----------+------+-------------------+
|<----a bits--->|<-----k bits---->|<------m bits----->|
User N
Private IPv4
| Network
|
O--+---------------O
| | MAP-T CE |
| +-----+--------+ |
| NAPT44| MAP-T | |
| +-----+ | +-._ ,-------. .------.
| +--------+ | ,-' `-. ,-' `-.
O------------------O / \ O---------O / Public \
/ IPv6-only \ | MAP-T |/ IPv4 \
( Network --+ Border +- Network )
\ / | Relay |\ /
O------------------O \ / O---------O \ /
| MAP-T CE | ;". ,-' `-. ,-'
| +-----+--------+ | ," `----+--' ------'
| NAPT44| MAP-T | |, |
| +-----+ | + IPv6 node(s)
| | +--------+ | (with IPv4-embedded IPv6 address)
O---+--------------O
|
User M
Private IPv4
Network
| 128-n-o-s bits |
| 16 bits| 32 bits | 16 bits|
+--------+----------------+--------+
| 0 | IPv4 address | PSID |
+--------+----------------+--------+
4rd Domain
+-----------------------------+
| IPv6 routing |
| Enforced ingress filtering | +----------
... | | |
| +------+
Customer site | |BR(s) | IPv4
+------------+ | BR IPv6 prefix --> |and/or| Internet
| dual-stack | | |N4T64+|
| +--+ | +------+
| |CE+-+ <-- a CE IPv6 prefix | |
| +--+ | | +----------
| | | |
+------------+ | <--IPv4 tunnels--> +------------
=> Derived | (Mesh or hub-and-spoke |
4rd IPv4 prefix| topologies) | IPv6
| | Internet
... | |
| +------------
+-----------------------------+
<== one or several Mapping rules
(e.g., announced to CEs in stateless DHCPv6)
+--------------------------------------+
| CE IPv6 prefix |
+--------------------------+-----------+
: Longest match : :
: with a Rule IPv6 prefix : :
: || : EA-bits :
: \/ : length :
+--------------------------+ | :
| Rule IPv6 prefix |<----'---->:
+--------------------------+ :
|| : :
\/ : :
+-----------------+-----------+
|Rule IPv4 prefix | EA bits |
+-----------------+-----------+
: :
+-----------------------------+
| CE 4rd IPv4 prefix |
+-----------------------------+
________/ \_________ :
/ \ :
: ____:________________/ \__
: / : \
: <= 32 : : > 32 :
+----------------+ +-----------------+----+
|IPv4 prfx or add| OR | IPv4 address |PSID|
+----------------+ +-----------------+----+
: 32 : || :
\/
(by default) (If WKPs authorized)
: : : :
+---+----+---------+ +----+-------------+
Ports in |> 0|PSID|any value| OR |PSID| any value |
the CE port set +---+----+---------+ +----+-------------+
: 4 : 12 : : 16 :
: 32 : : 16 : \
+----------------------------+ +---------------+ |
| IPv4 address | |Port_or_ICMP_ID| | Shared-address
+----------------------------+ +---+------+----+ | case
: Longest match : : 4 : PSID : | (PSID length
: with a Rule IPv4 prefix : :length: | of the rule > 0)
: || : : : | with WKPs
: \/ : : : | not authorized
+----------------+-----------+ +------+ | (PSID offset = 4)
|Rule IPv4 prefix|IPv4 suffix| | PSID | |
+----------------+-----------+ +------+ |
: || \_______ \____ | | |
: \/ \ \| / |
+--------------------------+--------+-----+ /
| Rule IPv6 prefix | EA bits |
+--------------------------+--------------+
: :
+-----------------------------------------+
| IPv6 prefix |
+-----------------------------------------+
:\_______________________________ / \
: ___________________\______/ \_______________
: / \ \
: / (CE Mapping rule) \ (BR Mapping rule) \
: <= 64 : : 112 :
+----------+---+---+------+---+ +--------------+---+------+---+
|CE v6 prfx| 0 |tag|v4 add|CNP| |BR IPv6 prefix|tag|v4 add|CNP|
+----------+-|-+---+------+---+ +--------------+---+------+---+
: <= 64 : | :16 : 32 :16 : : 64 :16 : 32 :16 :
|
Padding to /64
+---------------------+---------+-------+-------------+------+
(a) | CE IPv6 prefix | 0 |4rd Tag| 0 | CNP |
+---------------------+---------+-------+-------------+------+
: <= 64 : >= 0 : 16 : 32 : 16 :
4rd IPv6 address of a CE having no public IPv4 address
<----------- Rule IPv6 prefix --------->:
+-------------------------------+-------+-------------+------+
(b) | NAT64+ IPv6 prefix |4rd Tag|IPv4 address | CNP |
+-------------------------------+-------+-------------+------+
: 64 : 16 : 32 : 16 :
4rd IPv6 address of a host reachable via a NAT64+
+-----------------------------+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
| - CONDITIONS - | | | | | | | | |
| First Fragment (offset = 0) | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | N | N | N |
| Last fragment (MF = 0) | Y | Y | N | N | Y | Y | N | N |
| An entry has been found | Y | N | Y | N | Y | N | Y | N |
| ------------------------- | | | | | | | | |
| - RESULTING ACTIONS - | | | | | | | | |
| Create a new entry | - | - | - | X | - | - | - | - |
| Use port of the entry | - | - | - | - | X | - | X | - |
| Update port of the entry | - | - | X | - | - | - | - | - |
| Delete the entry | X | - | - | - | X | - | - | - |
| Forward the packet | X | X | X | X | X | - | X | - |
+-----------------------------+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
Value | Description | Reference
-----------+-------------------------+---------------
97 | OPTION_4RD | this document
98 | OPTION_4RD_MAP_RULE | this document
99 | OPTION_4RD_NON_MAP_RULE | this document
:<--------------------- L(CE IPv6 prefix(i)) --------------------->:
: :
: 32 - L(Rule IPv4 prefix(i)) PSID_length(i):
: \ | :
: :<---------'--------><--'-->:
: : || :
: : \/ :
: :<------->:<--- EA-bits length(i) --->:
: L(Rule_code(i))
: : :
+----------------------------+---------+
| Common_IPv6_prefix |Rule_code|
| | (i) |
+----------------------------+---------+
:<------ L(Rule IPv6 prefix(i)) ------>:
------------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+
| R1 | R2 | R3 | R4 | R5 | C1 | C2 |
------------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+
STUN | No | Yes | 1 | Maybe| No | No | No |
------------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+
Emb. STUN | Yes | Yes | 2 | Maybe| No | No | Yes |
------------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+
ICE | Yes | Yes | 2.5 | No | Yes | Yes | Yes |
------------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+
Latch | Yes | Yes | 1 | Maybe| No | No | Yes |
------------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+
V. Latch | Yes | Yes | 1 | Yes | No | No | Yes |
------------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+
3-W Latch | Yes | Yes | 1.5 | Maybe| Yes | No | Yes |
------------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+
ALG |(Yes) | Yes | 0 | No | Yes | No | Yes |
------------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+
TCP Tunnel | Yes | Yes | 1.5 | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
------------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+
TURN | Yes | Yes | 1 | No | Yes |(Yes) | Yes |
------------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+
,,.--..,_
+----+ _-`` `-, +-----+
|QP 8| - RoCE ', |QP 64|
| | / VLAN M . | |
+----+--------+/ \+-------+-----+
| RNIC 1 | SMC-R Link | RNIC 2 |
| |<--------------------->| |
+------------+ , /+------------+
MAC A (GID A) MAC B (GID B)
. .`
`', ,-`
``''--''``
Host X Host Y
+-------------------+ ,.--.,_ +-------------------+
| | .'` '. | |
| Protection | ,' `, | Protection |
| Domain X | / \ | Domain Y |
| +------+ / \ +------+ |
| QP 8 |RNIC 1| | SMC-R Link | |RNIC 2| QP 64 |
| | | |<-------------------->| | | |
| | | || || | | |
| | +------+| VLAN A |+------+ | |
| | || || | |
| | | | RoCE | | | |
| |RToken X | \ / |RToken Y | |
| | | \ / | | |
| V | `. ,' | V |
| +--------+ | '._ ,' | +--------+ |
| | | | `''-'`` | | | |
| | RMB | | | | RMB | |
| | | | | | | |
| +--------+ | | +--------+ |
+-------------------+ +-------------------+
--- +------------+---------------+
/\ |Eye Catcher | |
| +------------+ |
| | |
RMB Element 1 | |
| | Receive Buffer |
| | |
| | |
\/ | |
--- +------------+---------------+
/\ |Eye Catcher | |
| +------------+ |
| | |
RMB Element 2 | |
| | Receive Buffer |
| | |
| | |
\/ | |
--- +----------------------------+
| . |
| . |
| . |
| . |
| (up to 255 elements) |
+----------------------------+
Peer A's RMBE Control Info Peer B's RMBE Control Info
+--------------------------+ +--------------------------+
| | | |
/----Peer producer cursor | +-----+-Peer consumer cursor |
/| | | | |
| +--------------------------+ | +--------------------------+
| Peer A's RMBE |
| +--------------------------+ |
| | +------------------+
| | | |
| | \/ |
| | +------------|
| |-------------+/////////// |
| |//RDMA data written by ///|
| |/// Peer B that is ////// |
| |/available to be consumed/|
| |///////////////////////// |
| |///////// +---------------|
| |----------+/\ |
| | | |
\| | |
\ / |
|\---------/ |
| |
| |
Host X Host Y
+-------------------+ +-------------------+
| | | |
| Protection | | Protection |
| Domain X | | Domain Y |
| +------+ +------+ |
| QP 8 |RNIC 1| SMC-R Link 1 |RNIC 2| QP 64 |
|RToken X| | |<-------------------->| | | |
| | | | | | |RToken Y|
| \/ +------+ +------+ \/ |
|+--------+ | | +--------+ |
|| | | | | | |
|| RMB | | | | RMB | |
|| | | | | | |
|+--------+ | | +--------+ |
| /\ +------+ +------+ /\ |
|RToken Z| | | SMC-R Link 2 | | |RToken W|
| | |RNIC 3|<-------------------->|RNIC 4| | |
| QP 9 | | | | QP 65 |
| +------+ +------+ |
+-------------------+ +-------------------+
Host X Host Y
+-------------------+ +-------------------+
| | | |
| Protection | | Protection |
| Domain X | | Domain Y |
| +------+ +------+ |
| QP 8 |RNIC 1| SMC-R Link 1 |RNIC 2| QP 64 |
|RToken X| | |<-------------------->| | | |
| | | | .->| | |RToken Y|
| \/ +------+ .` +------+ \/ |
|+--------+ | .` | +--------+ |
|| | | .` | | | |
|| RMB | | .` | | RMB | |
|| | | .`SMC-R | | | |
|+--------+ | .` Link 2 | +--------+ |
| /\ +------+ .` +------+ |
|RToken Z| | | .` | |down or |
| | |RNIC 3|<-` |RNIC 4|unavailable |
| QP 9 | | | | |
| +------+ +------+ |
+-------------------+ +-------------------+
Host X Host Y
+-------------------+ +-------------------+
| | | |
| Protection | | Protection |
| Domain X | | Domain Y |
| +------+ SMC-R Link 1 +------+ |
| QP 8 |RNIC 1|<-------------------->|RNIC 2| QP 64 |
|RToken X| | | | | | |
| | | |<-------------------->| | |RToken Y|
| \/ +------+ SMC-R Link 2 +------+ \/ |
|+--------+ QP 9 | | QP 65 +--------+ |
|| | | | | | | | |
|| RMB |<-- + | | +---->| RMB | |
|| | | | | | |
|+--------+ | | +--------+ |
| +------+ +------+ |
| down or| | | |down or |
| unavailable|RNIC 3| |RNIC 4|unavailable |
| | | | | |
| +------+ +------+ |
+-------------------+ +-------------------+
Host X -- Server Host Y -- Client
+-------------------+ +-------------------+
| Peer ID = PS1 | | Peer ID = PC1 |
| +------+ +------+ |
| QP 8 |RNIC 1| |RNIC 2| QP 64 |
|RToken X| |MAC MA| |MAC MB| | |
| | |GID GA| |GID GB| |RToken Y|
| \/ +------+ (Subnet S1) +------+ \/ |
|+--------+ | | +--------+ |
|| RMB | | | | RMB | |
|+--------+ | | +--------+ |
| +------+ +------+ |
| |RNIC 3| |RNIC 4| |
| |MAC MC| |MAC MD| |
| |GID GC| |GID GD| |
| +------+ +------+ |
+-------------------+ +-------------------+
SYN TCP options(254,"SMCR")
<---------------------------------------------------------
SYN-ACK TCP options(254,"SMCR")
--------------------------------------------------------->
ACK [TCP options(254,"SMCR")]
<--------------------------------------------------------
SMC Proposal(PC1,MB,GB,S1)
<--------------------------------------------------------
SMC Accept(PS1,first contact,MA,GA,MTU,QP8,RToken=X,RMB elem index)
--------------------------------------------------------->
SMC Confirm(PC1,MB,GB,MTU,QP64,RToken=Y,RMB element index)
<--------------------------------------------------------
Host X -- Server Host Y -- Client
+-------------------+ +-------------------+
| Peer ID = PS1 | | Peer ID = PC1 |
| +------+ +------+ |
| QP 8 |RNIC 1| SMC-R Link 1 |RNIC 2| QP 64 |
|RToken X| |MAC MA|<-------------------->|MAC MB| | |
| | |GID GA| |GID GB| |RToken Y|
| \/ +------+ +------+ \/ |
|+--------+ | | +--------+ |
|| | | | | | |
|| RMB | | | | RMB | |
|| | | | | | |
|+--------+ | | +--------+ |
| /\ +------+ +------+ /\ |
| | |RNIC 3| SMC-R Link 2 |RNIC 4| | |
|RToken Z| |MAC MC|<-------------------->|MAC MD| |RToken W |
| QP 9 |GID GC| (being added) |GID GD| QP 65 |
| +------+ +------+ |
+-------------------+ +-------------------+
Host X Host Y
+-------------------+ +-------------------+
| +------+ +------+ |
| QP 8 |RNIC 1| SMC-R Link 1 |RNIC 2| QP 9 |
|RToken X| |Failed|<--X----X----X----X-->| | |
| | | | | | |
| \/ +------+ +------+ |
|+--------+ | | |
|| Deleted| | | |
|| RMB | | | |
|| | | | |
|+--------+ | | |
| /\ +------+ +------+ |
|RToken Z| | | SMC-R Link 2 | | |
| | |RNIC 3|<-------------------->|RNIC 4| |
| QP 64| | | | QP 65 |
| +------+ +------+ |
+-------------------+ +-------------------+
Host X Host Y
+-------------------+ +-------------------+
| +------+ +------+ |
| QP 8 |RNIC 1| SMC-R Link 1 |RNIC 2| QP 9 |
|RToken X| | |<---X--X--X--X--X--X->|Failed| |
| | | | | | |
| \/ +------+ +------+ |
|+--------+ | | |
|| Deleted| | | |
|| RMB | | | |
|| | | | |
|+--------+ | | |
| /\ +------+ +------+ |
|RToken Z| | | SMC-R Link 2 | | |
| | |RNIC 3|<-------------------->|RNIC 4| |
| QP 64| | | | QP 65 |
| +------+ +------+ |
+-------------------+ +-------------------+
Host X Host Y
+-------------------+ +-------------------+
| +------+ +------+ |
| QP 8 |RNIC 1| SMC-R Link 1 |RNIC 2| QP 9 |
|RToken X| | |<-------------------->| | |
| | | | | | |
| \/ +------+ +------+ |
|+--------+ | | |
|| New | | | |
|| RMB | | | |
|| | | | |
|+--------+ | | |
| /\ +------+ +------+ |
|RToken Z| | | SMC-R Link 2 | | |
| | |RNIC 3|<-------------------->|RNIC 4| |
| QP 64| | | | QP 65 |
| +------+ +------+ |
+-------------------+ +-------------------+
Host X -- Server Host Y -- Client
+-------------------+ +--------------------+
| Peer ID = PS1 | | Peer ID = PC1 |
| +------+ +------+ |
| QP 8 |RNIC 1| SMC-R Link 1 |RNIC 2| QP 64 |
|RToken X| |MAC MA|<-------------------->|MAC MB| | |
| | |GID GA| |GID GB| |RToken Y2|
| \/ +------+ +------+ \/ |
|+--------+ | | +--------+ |
|| | | Subnet S1 | | New | |
|| RMB | | | | RMB | |
|+--------+ | | +--------+ |
| /\ +------+ +------+ /\ |
| | |RNIC 3| SMC-R Link 2 |RNIC 4| |RToken W2|
| | |MAC MC|<-------------------->|MAC MD| | |
| QP 9 |GID GC| |GID GD| QP 65 |
| +------+ +------+ |
+-------------------+ +--------------------+
SYN / SYN-ACK / ACK TCP three-way handshake with TCP option
<--------------------------------------------------------->
SMC Proposal(PC1,MB,GB,S1)
<--------------------------------------------------------
SMC Accept(PS1,not 1st contact,MA,GA,QP8,RToken=X,RMB elem index)
--------------------------------------------------------->
SMC Confirm(PC1,MB,GB,QP64,RToken=Y2, RMB element index)
<--------------------------------------------------------
Host X Host Y
+-------------------+ +-------------------+
| +------+ +------+ |
| QP 8 |RNIC 1| SMC-R Link 1 |RNIC 2| QP 9 |
|RToken X| | |<-------------------->| | |
| | | | | | |
| \/ +------+ +------+ |
|+--------+ | | |
|| Deleted| | | |
|| RMB | | | |
|| | | | |
|+--------+ | | |
| /\ +------+ +------+ |
|RToken Z| | | SMC-R Link 2 | | |
| | |RNIC 3|<-------------------->|RNIC 4| |
| QP 9 | | | | |
| +------+ +------+ |
+-------------------+ +-------------------+
Host X -- Server Host Y -- Client
+-------------------+ +-------------------+
| Peer ID = PS1 | | Peer ID = PC1 |
| +------+ +------+ |
| QP 8 |RNIC 1| SMC-R Link 1 |RNIC 2| QP 64 |
|RKey set| |MAC MA|<-------------------->|MAC MB| |RKey set|
|X,Y,Z | |GID GA| |GID GB| |Q,R,S,T |
| \/ +------+ +------+ \/ |
|+--------+ | | +--------+ |
|| 3 RMBs | | | | 4 RMBs | |
|+--------+ | | +--------+ |
| /\ +------+ +------+ /\ |
|RKey set| |RNIC 3| SMC-R Link 2 |RNIC 4| | RKey set|
|U,V,W | |MAC MC|<-------------------->|MAC MD| | L,M,N,P |
| QP 9 |GID GC| (being added) |GID GD| QP 65 |
| +------+ +------+ |
+-------------------+ +-------------------+
SMC Host A SMC Host B
RMBE A Info RMBE B Info
(Consumer Cursors) (Producer Cursors)
Cursor Wrap Seq# Time Time Cursor Wrap Seq# Flags
4 0 0 0 4 0 0
0 0 1 ---------------> 1 0 0 0
RDMA-WR Data
(4:1003)
4 0 2 ...............> 2 1004 0 0
CDC Message
SMC Host A SMC Host B
RMBE A Info RMBE B Info
(Consumer Cursors) (Producer Cursors)
Cursor Wrap Seq# Time Time Cursor Wrap Seq# Flags
4 0 0 0 4 0 0
0 0 1 ---------------> 1 0 0 0
RDMA-WR Data
(4:1003)
4 0 2 ...............> 2 1004 0 0
CDC Message
0 0 3 <-------------- 3 1004 0 0
RDMA-WR Data
(4:503)
1004 0 4 <.............. 4 1004 0 0
CDC Message
SMC Host A SMC Host B
RMBE A Info RMBE B Info
(Consumer Cursors) (Producer Cursors)
Cursor Wrap Seq# Time Time Cursor Wrap Seq# Flags
4 0 0 0 4 0 0
4 0 1 ---------------> 1 4 0 0
RDMA-WR Data
(4:3003)
4 0 2 ...............> 2 3004 0 0
CDC Message
4 0 3 3 3004 0 0
4 0 4 ---------------> 4 3004 0 0
RDMA-WR Data
(3004:7003)
4 0 5 ................> 5 7004 0 0
CDC Message
7004 0 6 <................ 6 7004 0 0
CDC Message
SMC Host A SMC Host B
RMBE A Info RMBE B Info
(Consumer Cursors) (Producer Cursors)
Cursor Wrap Seq# Time Time Cursor Wrap Seq# Flags
1004 1 0 0 1004 1 0
1004 1 1 ---------------> 1 1004 1 0
RDMA-WR Data
(1004:9999)
1004 1 2 ---------------> 2 1004 1 0
RDMA-WR Data
(4:1003)
1004 1 3 ...............> 3 1004 2 Wrt
CDC Message Blk
1004 2 5 ---------------> 5 1004 2 Wrt
RDMA-WR Data Blk
(1004:9999)
1004 2 6 ---------------> 6 1004 2 Wrt
RDMA-WR Data Blk
(4:1003)
1004 2 7 ...............> 7 1004 3 Wrt
CDC Message Blk
SMC Host A SMC Host B
RMBE A Info RMBE B Info
(Consumer Cursors) (Producer Cursors)
Cursor Wrap Seq# Time Time Cursor Wrap Seq# Flag
1000 1 0 0 1000 1 0
1000 1 1 ---------------> 1 1000 1 0
RDMA-WR Data
(1000:1499)
1000 1 2 ...............> 2 1500 1 UrgP
CDC Message UrgA
1500 1 4 ---------------> 4 1500 1 UrgP
RDMA-WR Data UrgA
(1500:2499)
1500 1 5 ...............> 5 2500 1 0
CDC Message
1500 2 6 ---------------> 6 1500 2 UrgP
RDMA-WR Data UrgA
(1500:2499)
1000 2 7 ...............> 7 2500 2 0
CDC Message
1
+-----------------+
|-------------->| CLOSED |<-------------|
3D | | | | 4D
| +-----------------+ |
| | |
| 2 | |
| V |
+----------------+ +-----------------+ +----------------+
|AppFinCloseWait | | ACTIVE | |PeerFinCloseWait|
| | | | | |
+----------------+ +-----------------+ +----------------+
| | | |
| Active Close | 3A | 4A | Passive Close |
| V | V |
| +--------------+ | +-------------+ |
|--<----|PeerCloseWait1| | |AppCloseWait1|--->----|
3C | | | | | | | 4C
| +--------------+ | +-------------+ |
| | | | |
| | 3B | 4B | |
| V | V |
| +--------------+ | +-------------+ |
|--<----|PeerCloseWait2| | |AppCloseWait2|--->----|
| | | | |
+--------------+ | +-------------+
|
|
+-----------------+
|-------------->| CLOSED |<-------------|
| | | |
| +-----------------+ |
| |
| |
| |
| +-----------------------+ |
| | Any state | |
|1B | (before setting | 2B|
| | PeerConnectionClosed | |
| | indicator in | |
| | peer's RMBE) | |
| +-----------------------+ |
| 1A | | 2A |
| Active Abort | | Passive Abort |
| V V |
| +--------------+ +--------------+ |
|-------|PeerAbortWait | | Process Abort|------|
| | | |
+--------------+ +--------------+
Host X -- Server Host Y -- Client
+-------------------+ +-------------------+
| Peer ID = PS1 | | Peer ID = PC1 |
| +------+ +------+ |
| QP 8 |RNIC 1| SMC-R Link 1 |RNIC 2| QP 64 |
| RKey X | |MAC MA|<-------------------->|MAC MB| | |
| | |GID GA| attempted setup |GID GB| | RKey Y2|
| \/ +------+ +------+ \/ |
|+--------+ | | +--------+ |
|| RMB | | | | RMB | |
|+--------+ | | +--------+ |
| /\ +------+ +------+ /\ |
| | |RNIC 3| |RNIC 4| | RKey W2|
| | |MAC MC| |MAC MD| | |
| QP 9 |GID GC| |GID GD| QP 65 |
| +------+ +------+ |
+-------------------+ +-------------------+
SYN / SYN-ACK / ACK TCP three-way handshake with TCP option
<--------------------------------------------------------->
SMC Proposal / SMC Accept / SMC Confirm exchange
<-------------------------------------------------------->
SMC Decline(PC1, reason code)
<--------------------------------------------------------
Connection data flows over IP fabric
<------------------------------------------------------->
CE1 --------+
|
(VRF 1, RD 1, RT 1)
PE1 ................... RR
(VRF 2, RD 2, RT 2)
|
CE2 --------+
+------+
| PCRF |-----------------+
+------+ |
| |
+----+ +------+ +-----+ +-----+
| UE |------| PCEF |---| NAT |----| AF |
+----+ +------+ +-----+ +-----+
+------+
| PDP |-----------------+
+------+ |
| |
+----+ +------+ +-----+ +------+
| UE |------| PEP |---| NAT |----|Server|
+----+ +------+ +-----+ +------+
+------+
| PDP |------+
+------+ |
| |
+----+ +------+ +-----+ +------+
| UE |------| NAT |---| PEP |----|Server|
+----+ +------+ +-----+ +------+
+-------------------+----+-------------+------+-----------------+
| | | IPv6 |Single| Root Cause |
| Scenario | |------+------|Domain+-------+---------+
| |IPv4|Client|Server| |Address|Tunneling|
| | | | | |sharing| |
+-------------------+----+------+------+------+-------+---------+
| CGN |Yes |Yes(1)| No | No | Yes | No |
| A+P |Yes | No | No | No | Yes | No |
| Application Proxy |Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | No |
| Distributed Proxy |Yes | Yes | Yes |Yes/No| Yes | No |
| Overlay Networks |Yes |Yes(2)|Yes(2)| No | Yes | No |
| PCC |Yes |Yes(1)| No | Yes | Yes | No |
| Emergency Calls |Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | No |
| Provider WLAN |Yes | No | No | Yes | Yes | No |
| Cellular Networks |Yes |Yes(1)| No | Yes | Yes | No |
| Femtocells |Yes | No | No | No | Yes | Yes |
| TDF |Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | No |
| FMC |Yes |Yes(1)| No | No | Yes | No |
+-------------------+----+------+------+------+-------+---------+
+---------+
+-------+ PE1 | IP/MPLS |
/ | |
CE1 | Network | PEr
M1 \ | |
+-------+ PE2 | |
/-------+ | |
/ | |
CE2 | |
M2 \ | |
\ | |
+------+ PE3 +---------+
|<------ IS-IS -------->|<-----BGP----->|<------ IS-IS ------>| CP
|<------------------------- PBB -------------------------->| DP
|<----MPLS----->|
+---+ +---+ +---+ +---+
---| H |-----------| J |-----------| K |----------| L |---
+---+ +---+ +---+ +---+
[4,0]G
+---+ +---+ +---+ +---+
---| H |-----------| J |-----------| K |----------| L |---
+---+ +---+ +---+ +---+
[4,0]G T1 ,T2
+---+ +---+ +---+ +---+
---| H |-----------| J |-----------| K |----------| L |---
+---+ +---+ +---+ +---+
[4,1.5]G, T1, L1 [.5], L2 [.5], T2, L1 [.5]
----+
+--------+ +---------------+ |
| |--(A)-- Authorization Request --->| Resource | |
| | | Owner | |Plain
| |<-(B)------ Access Grant ---------| | |OAuth
| | +---------------+ |2.0
| | |
| | Client Credentials & +---------------+ |
| |--(C)------ Access Grant -------->| Authorization | |
| Client | | Server | |
| |<-(D)------ Access Token ---------| | |
| | (w/ Optional Refresh Token) +---------------+ |
| | ----+
| | ----+
| | +---------------+ |
| | | | |OAuth
| |--(E)------ Access Token -------->| Resource | |over
| | | Server | |SASL
| |<-(F)---- Protected Resource -----| | |
| | | | |
+--------+ +---------------+ |
----+
Flow_1 (SIP)
|
|Flow_2 (SSH)
| |
| |Flow_3 (HTTP) _----_
| | | CoA_1 _( )_ Tunnel_1
| | | .---=======( Wi-Fi )========\ Flow_1
| | | | (_ _) \
| | | | '----' \
| | | +=====+ _----_ \ +=====+ _----_
| | '-| | CoA_2 _( )_ Tunnel_2 \ | | _( )_ --
| '---| MN |---====( LTE )=========-----| HA |-( Internet )--
'-----| | (_ _) Flow_3 / | | (_ _) --
+=====+ '----' / +=====+ '----'
| | _----_ /
HoA_1--' | CoA_3 _( )_ Tunnel_3 /
.------====( CDMA )========/ Flow_2
(_ _)
'----'
+-------+ +-------+ +-------+ +-------+
| MN | | WLAN | | LTE | | HA |
| | |Network| |Network| | |
+-------+ +-------+ +-------+ +-------+
| | | |
|<--- (1) --------->| | |
| | RRQ (Multipath, Flow-Binding) |
|---- (2) ----------------------------------------------->|
| | RRP | |
|<--- (3) ------------------------------------------------|
| MIP Tunnel through WLAN Network |
|=====(4)===========*=====================================|
|<--- (5) ---------------------------->| |
| | RRQ (Multipath, Flow-Binding) |
|---- (6) ----------------------------------------------->|
| | RRP | |
|<--- (7) ------------------------------------------------|
| MIP Tunnel through LTE Access Network |
|=====(8)==============================*==================|
| |
* *
(Policy-based Routing Rule) (Policy-based Routing Rule)
+=========================================================+
| 0 | Reserved |
+=========================================================+
| 1 | Multipath Extension |
+=========================================================+
| 2 | Flow-Binding Extension |
+=========================================================+
| | |
~ 3-254 | Unassigned ~
| | |
+=========================================================+
| 255 | Reserved |
+=========================================================+
+---------------+
| +<******+
+------------->| Authorization | *
| | server | *
| +----------|(WebRTC server)| * AS-RS,
| | | | * AUTH keys
(1) | | +---------------+ * (0)
Access | | (2) *
Token | | Access Token *
request | | + *
| | Session Key *
| | *
| V V
+-------+---+ +-+----=-----+
| | (3) | |
| | TURN request + Access | |
| WebRTC | Token | TURN |
| client |---------------------->| server |
| (Alice) | Allocate response (4) | |
| |<----------------------| |
+-----------+ +------------+
+-------------------+ +--------+ +---------+
| ......... TURN | | TURN | | WebRTC |
| .WebRTC . client | | | | |
| .client . | | server | | server |
| ......... | | | | |
+-------------------+ +--------+ +---------+
| | Allocate request | |
| |------------------------------------------>| |
| | | |
| | Allocate error response | |
| | (401 Unauthorized) | |
| |<------------------------------------------| |
| | THIRD-PARTY-AUTHORIZATION | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | HTTP request for token | |
|------------------------------------------------------------>|
| | HTTP response with token parameters | |
|<------------------------------------------------------------|
|OAuth 2.0 | |
attributes | |
|------>| | |
| | Allocate request ACCESS-TOKEN | |
| |------------------------------------------>| |
| | | |
| | Allocate success response | |
| |<------------------------------------------| |
| | TURN messages | |
| | ////// integrity protected ////// | |
| | ////// integrity protected ////// | |
| | ////// integrity protected ////// | |
+-------------------+ +--------+ +---------+
| ......... STUN | | STUN | | WebRTC |
| .WebRTC . client | | | | |
| .client . | | server | | server |
| ......... | | | | |
+-------------------+ +--------+ +---------+
| | STUN request | |
| |------------------------------------------>| |
| | | |
| | STUN error response | |
| | (401 Unauthorized) | |
| |<------------------------------------------| |
| | THIRD-PARTY-AUTHORIZATION | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | HTTP request for token | |
|------------------------------------------------------------>|
| | HTTP response with token parameters | |
|<------------------------------------------------------------|
|OAuth 2.0 | |
attributes | |
|------>| | |
| | STUN request with ACCESS-TOKEN | |
| |------------------------------------------>| |
| | | |
| | STUN success response | |
| |<------------------------------------------| |
| | STUN messages | |
| | ////// integrity protected ////// | |
| | ////// integrity protected ////// | |
| | ////// integrity protected ////// | |
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~+
| End Device (e.g., Smartphone) |
| |
| +-------------+ +----------+ | (6) Access Token +----------+
| |Legitimate | | Malicious|<--------------------| |
| |OAuth 2.0 App| | App |-------------------->| |
| +-------------+ +----------+ | (5) Authorization | |
| | ^ ^ | Grant | |
| | \ | | | |
| | \ (4) | | | |
| (1) | \ Authz| | | |
| Authz| \ Code | | | Authz |
| Request| \ | | | Server |
| | \ | | | |
| | \ | | | |
| v \ | | | |
| +----------------------------+ | | |
| | | | (3) Authz Code | |
| | Operating System/ |<--------------------| |
| | Browser |-------------------->| |
| | | | (2) Authz Request | |
| +----------------------------+ | +----------+
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~+
+-------------------+
| Authz Server |
+--------+ | +---------------+ |
| |--(A)- Authorization Request ---->| | |
| | + t(code_verifier), t_m | | Authorization | |
| | | | Endpoint | |
| |<-(B)---- Authorization Code -----| | |
| | | +---------------+ |
| Client | | |
| | | +---------------+ |
| |--(C)-- Access Token Request ---->| | |
| | + code_verifier | | Token | |
| | | | Endpoint | |
| |<-(D)------ Access Token ---------| | |
+--------+ | +---------------+ |
+-------------------+
|----------| |----------------| |--------------| |----------|
| | | | | | | |
|Interface | |Ingress Actions | |Egress Actions| |Interface |
|Ingress | |(classification,| |(scheduling, | |Egress |
|Queues | | marking, | | shaping, | |Queues |
| |-->| policing, or |-->| active queue |-->| |
| | | shaping) | | management, | | |
| | | | | remarking) | | |
|----------| |----------------| |--------------| |----------|
+--------------+ +-------+ +----------+ +-----------+
| Transmitting | | | | | | Receiving |
| Test Host | | | | | | Test Host |
| |-----| Device|---->| Network |--->| |
| | | Under | | Delay | | |
| | | Test | | Emulator | | |
| |<----| |<----| |<---| |
| | | | | | | |
+--------------+ +-------+ +----------+ +-----------+
Client -------------------------> Web
|
Web 200 OK 100 ms |
|
Browser <------------------------- Server
Observer Subject
| |
| Registration |
+------------------->|
| |
| Notification |
|<-------------------+
| |
| Notification |
|<-------------------+
| |
| Notification |
|<-------------------+
| |
Client Server
| |
| GET /temperature |
| Token: 0x4a | Registration
| Observe: 0 |
+------------------->|
| |
| 2.05 Content |
| Token: 0x4a | Notification of
| Observe: 12 | the current state
| Payload: 22.9 Cel |
|<-------------------+
| |
| 2.05 Content |
| Token: 0x4a | Notification upon
| Observe: 44 | a state change
| Payload: 22.8 Cel |
|<-------------------+
| |
| 2.05 Content |
| Token: 0x4a | Notification upon
| Observe: 60 | a state change
| Payload: 23.1 Cel |
|<-------------------+
| |
Observed CLIENT SERVER Actual
t State | | State
____________ | | ____________
1 | |
2 unknown | | 18.5 Cel
3 +----->| Header: GET 0x41011633
4 | GET | Token: 0x4a
5 | | Uri-Path: temperature
6 | | Observe: 0 (register)
7 | |
8 | |
9 ____________ |<-----+ Header: 2.05 0x61451633
10 | 2.05 | Token: 0x4a
11 18.5 Cel | | Observe: 9
12 | | Max-Age: 15
13 | | Payload: "18.5 Cel"
14 | |
15 | | ____________
16 ____________ |<-----+ Header: 2.05 0x51457b50
17 | 2.05 | 19.2 Cel Token: 0x4a
18 19.2 Cel | | Observe: 16
29 | | Max-Age: 15
20 | | Payload: "19.2 Cel"
21 | |
Observed CLIENT SERVER Actual
t State | | State
____________ | | ____________
22 | |
23 19.2 Cel | | 19.2 Cel
24 | | ____________
25 | X----+ Header: 2.05 0x51457b51
26 | 2.05 | 19.7 Cel Token: 0x4a
27 | | Observe: 25
28 | | Max-Age: 15
29 | | Payload: "19.7 Cel"
30 | |
31 ____________ | |
32 | |
33 19.2 Cel | |
34 (stale) | |
35 | |
36 | |
37 | |
38 +----->| Header: GET 0x41011634
39 | GET | Token: 0xb2
40 | | Uri-Path: temperature
41 | | Observe: 0 (register)
42 | |
43 | |
44 ____________ |<-----+ Header: 2.05 0x61451634
45 | 2.05 | Token: 0xb2
46 19.7 Cel | | Observe: 44
47 | | Max-Age: 15
48 | | ETag: 0x78797a7a79
49 | | Payload: "19.7 Cel"
50 | |
Observed CLIENT SERVER Actual
t State | | State
____________ | | ____________
51 | |
52 19.7 Cel | | 19.7 Cel
53 | |
54 | | ____________
55 | crash
56 |
57 |
58 |
59 ____________ |
60 |
61 19.7 Cel |
62 (stale) |
63 | reboot____________
64 | |
65 | | 20.0 Cel
66 | |
67 +----->| Header: GET 0x41011635
68 | GET | Token: 0xf9
69 | | Uri-Path: temperature
70 | | Observe: 0 (register)
71 | | ETag: 0x78797a7a79
72 | |
73 | |
74 ____________ |<-----+ Header: 2.05 0x61451635
75 | 2.05 | Token: 0xf9
76 20.0 Cel | | Observe: 74
77 | | Max-Age: 15
78 | | Payload: "20.0 Cel"
79 | |
80 | | ____________
81 ____________ |<-----+ Header: 2.03 0x5143aa0c
82 | 2.03 | 19.7 Cel Token: 0xf9
83 19.7 Cel | | Observe: 81
84 | | ETag: 0x78797a7a79
85 | | Max-Age: 15
86 | |
Observed CLIENT SERVER Actual
t State | | State
____________ | | ____________
87 | |
88 19.7 Cel | | 19.7 Cel
89 | |
90 | | ____________
91 ____________ |<-----+ Header: 2.05 0x4145aa0f
92 | 2.05 | 19.3 Cel Token: 0xf9
93 19.3 Cel | | Observe: 91
94 | | Max-Age: 15
95 | | Payload: "19.3 Cel"
96 | |
97 | |
98 +- - ->| Header: 0x7000aa0f
99 | |
100 | |
101 | |
102 | | ____________
103 | |
104 | | 19.0 Cel
105 | |
106 ____________ | |
107 | |
108 19.3 Cel | |
109 (stale) | |
110 | |
CLIENT PROXY SERVER
| | |
| +----->| Header: GET 0x41015fb8
| | GET | Token: 0x1a
| | | Uri-Host: sensor.example
| | | Uri-Path: status
| | | Observe: 0 (register)
| | |
| |<-----+ Header: 2.05 0x61455fb8
| | 2.05 | Token: 0x1a
| | | Observe: 42
| | | Max-Age: 60
| | | Payload: "ready"
| | |
+----->| | Header: GET 0x41011633
| GET | | Token: 0x9a
| | | Proxy-Uri: coap://sensor.example/status
| | |
|<-----+ | Header: 2.05 0x61451633
| 2.05 | | Token: 0x9a
| | | Max-Age: 53
| | | Payload: "ready"
| | |
| |<-----+ Header: 2.05 0x514505fc0
| | 2.05 | Token: 0x1a
| | | Observe: 135
| | | Max-Age: 60
| | | Payload: "busy"
| | |
+----->| | Header: GET 0x41011634
| GET | | Token: 0x9b
| | | Proxy-Uri: coap://sensor.example/status
| | |
|<-----+ | Header: 2.05 0x61451634
| 2.05 | | Token: 0x9b
| | | Max-Age: 49
| | | Payload: "busy"
| | |
CLIENT PROXY SERVER
| | |
+----->| | Header: GET 0x41011635
| GET | | Token: 0x6a
| | | Proxy-Uri: coap://sensor.example/status
| | | Observe: 0 (register)
| | |
|<- - -+ | Header: 0x60001635
| | |
| +----->| Header: GET 0x4101af90
| | GET | Token: 0xaa
| | | Uri-Host: sensor.example
| | | Uri-Path: status
| | | Observe: 0 (register)
| | |
| |<-----+ Header: 2.05 0x6145af90
| | 2.05 | Token: 0xaa
| | | Observe: 67
| | | Max-Age: 60
| | | Payload: "ready"
| | |
|<-----+ | Header: 2.05 0x4145af94
| 2.05 | | Token: 0x6a
| | | Observe: 17346
| | | Max-Age: 60
| | | Payload: "ready"
| | |
+- - ->| | Header: 0x6000af94
| | |
| |<-----+ Header: 2.05 0x51455a20
| | 2.05 | Token: 0xaa
| | | Observe: 157
| | | Max-Age: 60
| | | Payload: "busy"
| | |
|<-----+ | Header: 2.05 0x5145af9b
| 2.05 | | Token: 0x6a
| | | Observe: 17436
| | | Max-Age: 60
| | | Payload: "busy"
| | |
+----------+-------------+------------------------------------------+
| Operator | Description | Behavior |
+----------+-------------+------------------------------------------+
| eq | equal | The attribute and operator values must |
| | | be identical for a match. |
| | | |
| ne | not equal | The attribute and operator values are |
| | | not identical. |
| | | |
| co | contains | The entire operator value must be a |
| | | substring of the attribute value for a |
| | | match. |
| | | |
| sw | starts with | The entire operator value must be a |
| | | substring of the attribute value, |
| | | starting at the beginning of the |
| | | attribute value. This criterion is |
| | | satisfied if the two strings are |
| | | identical. |
| | | |
| ew | ends with | The entire operator value must be a |
| | | substring of the attribute value, |
| | | matching at the end of the attribute |
| | | value. This criterion is satisfied if |
| | | the two strings are identical. |
| | | |
| pr | present | If the attribute has a non-empty or |
| | (has value) | non-null value, or if it contains a |
| | | non-empty node for complex attributes, |
| | | there is a match. |
| | | |
| gt | greater | If the attribute value is greater than |
| | than | the operator value, there is a match. |
| | | The actual comparison is dependent on |
| | | the attribute type. For string |
| | | attribute types, this is a |
| | | lexicographical comparison, and for |
| | | DateTime types, it is a chronological |
| | | comparison. For integer attributes, it |
| | | is a comparison by numeric value. |
| | | Boolean and Binary attributes SHALL |
| | | cause a failed response (HTTP status |
| | | code 400) with "scimType" of |
| | | "invalidFilter". |
| | | |
| ge | greater | If the attribute value is greater than |
| | than or | or equal to the operator value, there is |
| | equal to | a match. The actual comparison is |
| | | dependent on the attribute type. For |
| | | string attribute types, this is a |
| | | lexicographical comparison, and for |
| | | DateTime types, it is a chronological |
| | | comparison. For integer attributes, it |
| | | is a comparison by numeric value. |
| | | Boolean and Binary attributes SHALL |
| | | cause a failed response (HTTP status |
| | | code 400) with "scimType" of |
| | | "invalidFilter". |
| | | |
| lt | less than | If the attribute value is less than the |
| | | operator value, there is a match. The |
| | | actual comparison is dependent on the |
| | | attribute type. For string attribute |
| | | types, this is a lexicographical |
| | | comparison, and for DateTime types, it |
| | | is a chronological comparison. For |
| | | integer attributes, it is a comparison |
| | | by numeric value. Boolean and Binary |
| | | attributes SHALL cause a failed response |
| | | (HTTP status code 400) with "scimType" |
| | | of "invalidFilter". |
| | | |
| le | less than | If the attribute value is less than or |
| | or equal to | equal to the operator value, there is a |
| | | match. The actual comparison is |
| | | dependent on the attribute type. For |
| | | string attribute types, this is a |
| | | lexicographical comparison, and for |
| | | DateTime types, it is a chronological |
| | | comparison. For integer attributes, it |
| | | is a comparison by numeric value. |
| | | Boolean and Binary attributes SHALL |
| | | cause a failed response (HTTP status |
| | | code 400) with "scimType" of |
| | | "invalidFilter". |
+----------+-------------+------------------------------------------+
+----------------+---------------+----------------------------------+
| Status | Applicability | Suggested Explanation |
+----------------+---------------+----------------------------------+
| 307 (Temporary | GET, POST, | The client is directed to repeat |
| Redirect) | PUT, PATCH, | the same HTTP request at the |
| | DELETE | location identified. The client |
| | | SHOULD NOT use the location |
| | | provided in the response as a |
| | | permanent reference to the |
| | | resource and SHOULD continue to |
| | | use the original request URI |
| | | [RFC7231]. |
| | | |
| 308 (Permanent | GET, POST, | The client is directed to repeat |
| Redirect) | PUT, PATCH, | the same HTTP request at the |
| | DELETE | location identified. The client |
| | | SHOULD use the location provided |
| | | in the response as the permanent |
| | | reference to the resource |
| | | [RFC7538]. |
| | | |
| 400 (Bad | GET, POST, | Request is unparsable, |
| Request) | PUT, PATCH, | syntactically incorrect, or |
| | DELETE | violates schema. |
| | | |
| 401 | GET, POST, | Authorization failure. The |
| (Unauthorized) | PUT, PATCH, | authorization header is invalid |
| | DELETE | or missing. |
| | | |
| 403 | GET, POST, | Operation is not permitted based |
| (Forbidden) | PUT, PATCH, | on the supplied authorization. |
| | DELETE | |
| | | |
| 404 (Not | GET, POST, | Specified resource (e.g., User) |
| Found) | PUT, PATCH, | or endpoint does not exist. |
| | DELETE | |
| | | |
| 409 (Conflict) | POST, PUT, | The specified version number |
| | PATCH, DELETE | does not match the resource's |
| | | latest version number, or a |
| | | service provider refused to |
| | | create a new, duplicate |
| | | resource. |
| | | |
| 412 | PUT, PATCH, | Failed to update. Resource has |
| (Precondition | DELETE | changed on the server. |
| Failed) | | |
| | | |
| 413 (Payload | POST | {"maxOperations": |
| Too Large) | | 1000,"maxPayloadSize": 1048576} |
| | | |
| 500 (Internal | GET, POST, | An internal error. Implementers |
| Server Error) | PUT, PATCH, | SHOULD provide descriptive |
| | DELETE | debugging advice. |
| | | |
| 501 (Not | GET, POST, | Service provider does not |
| Implemented) | PUT, PATCH, | support the request operation, |
| | DELETE | e.g., PATCH. |
+----------------+---------------+----------------------------------+
+---------------+--------------------------------+------------------+
| scimType | Description | Applicability |
+---------------+--------------------------------+------------------+
| invalidFilter | The specified filter syntax | GET (Section |
| | was invalid (does not comply | 3.4.2), POST |
| | with Figure 1), or the | (Search - |
| | specified attribute and filter | Section 3.4.3), |
| | comparison combination is not | PATCH (Path |
| | supported. | Filter - Section |
| | | 3.5.2) |
| | | |
| tooMany | The specified filter yields | GET (Section |
| | many more results than the | 3.4.2), POST |
| | server is willing to calculate | (Search - |
| | or process. For example, a | Section 3.4.3) |
| | filter such as "(userName pr)" | |
| | by itself would return all | |
| | entries with a "userName" and | |
| | MAY not be acceptable to the | |
| | service provider. | |
| | | |
| uniqueness | One or more of the attribute | POST (Create - |
| | values are already in use or | Section 3.3), |
| | are reserved. | PUT (Section |
| | | 3.5.1), PATCH |
| | | (Section 3.5.2) |
| | | |
| mutability | The attempted modification is | PUT (Section |
| | not compatible with the target | 3.5.1), PATCH |
| | attribute's mutability or | (Section 3.5.2) |
| | current state (e.g., | |
| | modification of an "immutable" | |
| | attribute with an existing | |
| | value). | |
| | | |
| invalidSyntax | The request body message | POST (Search - |
| | structure was invalid or did | Section 3.4.3, |
| | not conform to the request | Create - Section |
| | schema. | 3.3, Bulk - |
| | | Section 3.7), |
| | | PUT (Section |
| | | 3.5.1) |
| | | |
| invalidPath | The "path" attribute was | PATCH (Section |
| | invalid or malformed (see | 3.5.2) |
| | Figure 7). | |
| | | |
| noTarget | The specified "path" did not | PATCH (Section |
| | yield an attribute or | 3.5.2) |
| | attribute value that could be | |
| | operated on. This occurs when | |
| | the specified "path" value | |
| | contains a filter that yields | |
| | no match. | |
| | | |
| invalidValue | A required value was missing, | GET (Section |
| | or the value specified was not | 3.4.2), POST |
| | compatible with the operation | (Create - |
| | or attribute type (see Section | Section 3.3, |
| | 2.2 of [RFC7643]), or resource | Query - Section |
| | schema (see Section 4 of | 3.4.3), PUT |
| | [RFC7643]). | (Section 3.5.1), |
| | | PATCH (Section |
| | | 3.5.2) |
| | | |
| invalidVers | The specified SCIM protocol | GET (Section |
| | version is not supported (see | 3.4.2), POST |
| | Section 3.13). | (ALL), PUT |
| | | (Section 3.5.1), |
| | | PATCH (Section |
| | | 3.5.2), DELETE |
| | | (Section 3.6) |
| | | |
| sensitive | The specified request cannot | GET (Section |
| | be completed, due to the | 3.4.2) |
| | passing of sensitive (e.g., | |
| | personal) information in a | |
| | request URI. For example, | |
| | personal information SHALL NOT | |
| | be transmitted over request | |
| | URIs. See Section 7.5.2. | |
+---------------+--------------------------------+------------------+
.................
+------+ : +------+------+ : +------+
|Client|-------:-|Server|Client|-:----|Server|
+------+ : +------+------+ : +------+
: Proxy :
.................
+-----+ +---------+ +-----+ +---+
| PNA | | OVERLAY | | PNB | |CNB|
+-----+ +---------+ +-----+ +---+
| | | |
| | | |
| 1.RELOAD | | |
| FetchReq | | |
|+----------->| | |
| | | |
| 2.RELOAD | | |
| FetchAns | | |
|<-----------+| | |
| | | |
| 3.RELOAD | | |
| AppAttach | | |
|+----------->| | |
| | 4.RELOAD | |
| | AppAttach | |
| |+---------->| |
| | | |
| | 5.RELOAD | |
| 6.RELOAD |AppAttachAns| |
|AppAttachAns |<----------+| |
|<-----------+| | |
| | | |
| | |
| --------------------- | |
| / 7.ICE \| |
| \ connectivity checks /| |
| --------------------- | |
| | |
| 8.CoAP CON | |
| GET /sensors/temp-1 | |
|+------------------------>| |
| | 9.CoAP GET |
| |/sensors/temp-1 |
| |+-------------->|
| | 10.CoAP |
| 11.CoAP | ACK 200 |
| ACK 200 |<--------------+|
|<------------------------+| |
| | |
+------------+
| ePDG |
| +--------+ |
+------+ _----_ | | IPsec | | _----_ +-----+
| MN | _( )_ | | Module | | _( )_ | LMA |
| |<====( Internet )=====| +--------+ |===( Operator )===|(PGW)|
+------+ (_ _) | : | (_Network_) +-----+
'----' | +--------+ | '----'
IPsec Tunnel | | PMIPv6 | | PMIPv6/GTP Tunnel
| | MAG | |
| +--------+ |
+------------+
PCP PCP
client server
|-- PA-Initiation ------------------------------->|
| (Seq=0, rc=INITIATION, Session ID=0) |
| |
|<-- PA-Server -----------------------------------|
| (Seq=0, Session ID=X, EAP request, |
| rc=AUTHENTICATION_REQUEST) |
| |
|-- PA-Client ----------------------------------->|
| (Seq=1, Session ID=X, EAP response, |
| rc=AUTHENTICATION_REPLY) |
| |
|<-- PA-Server -----------------------------------|
| (Seq=1, Session ID=X, EAP request, |
| rc=AUTHENTICATION_REQUEST) |
PCP PCP
client server
|-- Common PCP request -------------------------->|
| |
|<- Common PCP response --------------------------|
| (rc=AUTHENTICATION_REQUIRED) |
| |
|<-- PA-Server -----------------------------------|
| (Seq=0, Session ID=X, EAP request, |
| rc=AUTHENTICATION_REQUEST) |
| |
|-- PA-Client ----------------------------------->|
| (Seq=0, Session ID=X, EAP response, |
| rc=AUTHENTICATION_REPLY) |
| |
|<-- PA-Server -----------------------------------|
| (Seq=1, Session ID=X, EAP request, |
| rc=AUTHENTICATION_REQUEST) |
Client Server
------ ------
ACTIVELEASEQUERY xid 1 ----->
<----- LEASEQUERY-REPLY xid 1 (w/error)
Client Server
------ ------
ACTIVELEASEQUERY xid 2 ----->
<----- LEASEQUERY-REPLY xid 2 (w/error)
<----- LEASEQUERY-DATA xid 2
<----- LEASEQUERY-DATA xid 2
<----- LEASEQUERY-DATA xid 2
Client Server
------ ------
ACTIVELEASEQUERY xid 3 ----->
<----- LEASEQUERY-REPLY xid 3
<----- LEASEQUERY-DATA xid 3
<----- LEASEQUERY-DATA xid 3
<----- LEASEQUERY-DATA xid 3
<----- LEASEQUERY-DATA xid 3
<----- LEASEQUERY-DONE xid 3 (w/error)
|--------------------------| A |------------------------------|
| G.711 Input Frame |----->| G.711.0 Output Frame |
| of X Octets | | containing 1 to X+1 Octets |
| (where X MUST be 40, 80, | | (precise value dependent on |
| 160, 240, or 320 octets) |<-----| G.711.0 ability to compress) |
|__________________________| B |______________________________|
|-------------------|-------------------|
| One G.711.0 Frame | Zero or more 0x00 |
| | Padding Octets |
|___________________|___________________|
|----------|---------|----------|---------|----------------|
| First | Second | | Nth | Zero or more |
| G.711.0 | G.711.0 | ... | G.711.0 | 0x00 |
| Frame | Frame | | Frame | Padding Octets |
|__________|_________|__________|_________|________________|
|----------|---------|----------|---------|---------|
| First | Second | | Nth | Zero |
| G.711.0 | G.711.0 | ... | G.711.0 | or more |
| Channel | Channel | | Channel | 0x00 |
| Super- | Super- | | Super | Padding |
| Frame | Frame | | Frame | Octets |
|__________|_________|__________|_________|_________|
|---------------------------|----------|--------------|
| Magic Number | | |
| | Version | Concatenated |
| "#!G7110A\n" (for A-law) | Octet | G.711.0 |
| or | | Frames |
| "#!G7110M\n" (for mu-law) | "0x00" | |
|___________________________|__________|______________|
Source Source Source
Stream Stream Stream
| | |
V V V
+--------------------------+
| Media Source |<-- Reference Clock
| Mixer |
+--------------------------+
|
V
Source Stream
Source Stream
|
V
+--------------------------+
| Scalable Media Encoder |
+--------------------------+
| | ... |
V V V
Encoded Dependent Dependent
Stream Stream Stream
+------------------------------------------------------------+
| Communication Session |
| |
| +----------------+ +----------------+ |
| | Participant A | +------------+ | Participant B | |
| | | | Multimedia | | | |
| | +------------+ |<==>| Session |<==>| +------------+ | |
| | | Endpoint A | | | | | | Endpoint B | | |
| | | | | +------------+ | | | | |
| | | +----------+-+----------------------+-+----------+ | | |
| | | | RTP | | | | | | | |
| | | | Session |-+---Media Transport----+>| | | | |
| | | | Audio |<+---Media Transport----+-| | | | |
| | | | | | ^ | | | | | |
| | | +----------+-+----------|-----------+-+----------+ | | |
| | | | | v | | | | |
| | | | | +-----------------+ | | | | |
| | | | | | Synchronization | | | | | |
| | | | | | Context | | | | | |
| | | | | +-----------------+ | | | | |
| | | | | ^ | | | | |
| | | +----------+-+----------|-----------+-+----------+ | | |
| | | | RTP | | v | | | | | |
| | | | Session |<+---Media Transport----+-| | | | |
| | | | Video |-+---Media Transport----+>| | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | +----------+-+----------------------+-+----------+ | | |
| | +------------+ | | +------------+ | |
| +----------------+ +----------------+ |
+------------------------------------------------------------+
natv2MIB
|
+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| | | |
| | |
0 | | |
natv2MIBNotifications | | |
| | |
| 1 | |
| natv2MIBDeviceObjects | |
Five | |
notifications | 2 |
| natv2MIBInstanceObjects |
| |
Subscriber | 3
table | natv2MIBConformance
| |
| |
Six per-NAT- |
instance tables |
|
+----------------------+-------
| |
| |
1 2
natv2MIBCompliances natv2MIBGroups
| |
| |
Basic Basic
pooled pooled
carrier-grade NAT carrier-grade NAT
Service Element
End User (CC Client) CC Server
| | |
|(1) Service Request | |
|-------------------->| |
| |(2) CCR (Initial, |
| | QoS-Resources(QoS-Desired)) |
| |--------------------------------->|
| |(3) CCA (Granted-Units, |
| | QoS-Resources(QoS-Authorized))|
| |<---------------------------------|
|(4) Service Delivery | |
|<------------------->| |
| (5) Congestion Detected |
| (6) Congestion Treatment Occurs |
| |(7) CCR (Termination, Used-Units, |
| | Flow-Count, Packet-Count, |
| | QoS-Resources(QoS-Delivered)) |
| |--------------------------------->|
| |(8) CCA |
| |<-------------------------------->|
| | |
| | |
|(9) End of Service | |
|-------------------->| |
| |(10)CCR (Termination, Used-Units, |
| | Flow-Count, Packet-Count, |
| | QoS-Resources(QoS-Delivered)) |
| |--------------------------------->|
| |(11) CCA |
| |<---------------------------------|
pipeACK sample (Bytes)
^
| +----------+----------+ +----------+---......
| | Sample A | Sample B | No | Sample C | Sample D
| | | | Sample | |
| | |\ 5 | | | |
| | | | | | | /\ 4 |
| | | | | |\ 3 | | | \ |
| | | \ | | \--- | | / \ | /| 2
| |/ \------| - | | / \------/ \...
+//-+----------+---------\+----/ /----+/---------+-------------> Time
<------------------------------------------------|
Sampling Period Current Time
,-+-. ,---. ,---. ,---.
/ \ / \ / \ / \
( 1 )+--->( 2 )+---->( 6 )+---->( 8 )
\ / \ / \ / \ /
`---' `---' `---' `---'
,-+-. ,---. ,---. ,---. ,---.
/ \ / \ / \ / \ / \
( 1 )+--->( 2 )+---->( 3 )+---->( 7 )+---->( 9 )
\ / \ / \ / \ / \ /
`---' `---' `---' `---' `---'
,-+-. ,---. ,---. ,---. ,---.
/ \ / \ / \ / \ / \
( 1 )+--->( 7 )+---->( 8 )+---->( 4 )+---->( 7 )
\ / \ / \ / \ / \ /
`---' `---' `---' `---' `---'
o . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. +--------------+ +------------------~~~
. | Service | SFC | Service +---+ +---+
. |Classification| Encapsulation | Function |sf1|...|sfn|
+---->| Function |+---------------->| Path +---+ +---+
. +--------------+ +------------------~~~
. SFC-enabled Domain
o . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
+---+ +---++--->web server
source+-->|sff|+-->|sf1|+--->web server
+---+ +---++--->web server
+------------------------------------------------------------------+
| +-------------------------------------------------+ |
| | Virtual machine | |
| | | |
| | +---------+ +---------+ +---------+ +---------+ | ....... |
| | | Virtual | | Virtual | | Virtual | | Virtual | | |
| +-| CPU |-| memory |-| storage |-| NIC |-+ |
| +---------+ +---------+ +---------+ +---------+ |
| Virtual resources |
| ^ |
| | Allocation using virtualization technologies |
| | |
| +-- Physical resources ._____. |
| +--------+ .--------. / \ +--^--+ |
+- - - - - - - | | - /________/| - *\_______/* - | | - -+
| Hypervisor | CPU | | Memory |/ | Storage | | NIC | |
| +--------+ +--------+ \_______/ +-----+ |
| +-----------------------+ |
| || MIB objects || |
| +-----------------------+ |
+------------------------------------------------------------------+
+---------------+ + - - - - - - - -+ +------------+
| suspended(6) |<--| suspending(5) | | paused(8) |
| !vmSuspended | | !vmSuspending | | !vmPaused |
+---------------+ + - - - - - - - -+ +------------+
| ^ ^
| | |
v | |
+ - - - - - - -+ +-------------+<----------+ + - - - - - - - +
| resuming(7) |-->| running(4) |<-------------->| migrating(9) |
| !vmResuming | | !vmRunning | | !vmMigrating |
+ - - - - - - -+ +-------------+ + - - - - - - - +
| ^ ^
| | |
| +-------------------+ |
| | |
v v v
+ - - - - - - - - - + +---------------+
| shuttingdown(10) |--------->| shutdown(11) |
| !vmShuttingdown | | !vmShutdown |
+ - - - - - - - - - + +---------------+
^ |
| v !vmDeleted
+--------------+ + - - - - - - - -+ (Deleted from
| crashed(12) | | preparing(3) | vmTable)
| !vmCrashed | | |
+--------------+ + - - - - - - - -+
+--------------+----------------+--------------+--------------------+
| State | Change to | Next State | Notification |
| | vmAdminState | | |
| | at the | | |
| | hypervisor or | | |
| | (Event) | | |
+--------------+----------------+--------------+--------------------+
| suspended | running | resuming | vmResuming | |
| | | | vmBulkResuming |
| | | | |
| suspending | (suspend | suspended | vmSuspended | |
| | operation | | vmBulkSuspended |
| | completed) | | |
| | | | |
| running | suspended | suspending | vmSuspending | |
| | | | vmBulkSuspending |
| | | | |
| | shutdown | shuttingdown | vmShuttingdown | |
| | | | vmBulkShuttingdown |
| | | | |
| | (migration to | migrating | vmMigrating | |
| | other | | vmBulkMigrating |
| | hypervisor | | |
| | initiated) | | |
| | | | |
| resuming | (resume | running | vmRunning | |
| | operation | | vmBulkRunning |
| | completed) | | |
| | | | |
| paused | running | running | vmRunning | |
| | | | vmBulkRunning |
| | | | |
| shuttingdown | (shutdown | shutdown | vmShutdown | |
| | operation | | vmBulkShutdown |
| | completed) | | |
| | | | |
| shutdown | running | running | vmRunning | |
| | | | vmBulkRunning |
| | | | |
| | (if this state | migrating | vmMigrating | |
| | entry is | | vmBulkMigrating |
| | created by a | | |
| | migration | | |
| | operation (*) | | |
| | | | |
| | (deletion | (no state) | vmDeleted | |
| | operation | | vmBulkDeleted |
| | completed) | | |
| | | | |
| migrating | (migration | running | vmRunning | |
| | from other | | vmBulkRunning |
| | hypervisor | | |
| | completed) | | |
| | | | |
| | (migration to | shutdown | vmShutdown | |
| | other | | vmBulkShutdown |
| | hypervisor | | |
| | completed) | | |
| | | | |
| preparing | (preparation | shutdown | vmShutdown | |
| | completed) | | vmBulkShutdown |
| | | | |
| crashed | - | - | - |
| | | | |
| | (crashed) | crashed | vmCrashed | |
| | | | vmBulkCrashed |
| | | | |
| (no state) | (preparation | preparing | - |
| | initiated) | | |
| | | | |
| | (migrate from | shutdown (*) | vmShutdown | |
| | other | | vmBulkShutdown |
| | hypervisor | | |
| | initiated) | | |
+--------------+----------------+--------------+--------------------+
+------+ +------+ +------+
| | | | | |
| A |------->| T |-------->| B |
| | | |---FEC-->| |
+------+ +------+ +------+
|<--Session A-->| |<--Session B-->|
+------+ +------+ +------+
| A |------->| MB |-------->| B |
+------+ +------+ +------+
----------- --------------
| |------------------------------------>| |
| |.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.->| |
| | | |
| Multicast | ---------------- | |
| Source | | Retransmission | | |
| |-------->| Server (RS) | | |
| |.-.-.-.->| | | |
| | | ------------ | | |
----------- | | Feedback | |<.=.=.=.=.| |
| | Target (FT)| |<~~~~~~~~~| RTP Receiver |
PRIMARY MULTICAST | ------------ | | (RTP_Rx) |
RTP SESSION with | | | |
UNICAST FEEDBACK | | | |
| | | |
- - - - - - - - - - - |- - - - - - - - |- - - - - |- - - - - - - |- -
| | | |
UNICAST BURST | ------------ | | |
(or RETRANSMISSION) | | Burst/ | |<~~~~~~~~>| |
RTP SESSION | | Retrans. | |.........>| |
| |Source (BRS)| |<.=.=.=.=>| |
| ------------ | | |
| | | |
---------------- --------------
+-A--------------------+
|+---+ |
||CAM| | +-B-----------+
|+---+ +-UDP1------| |-UDP1------+ |
| | | +-RTP1----| |-RTP1----+ | |
| V | | +-Video-| |-Video-+ | | |
|+----+ | | | |<----------------|BV1 | | | |
||ENC |----+-+-+--->AV1|---------------->| | | | |
|+----+ | | +-------| |-------+ | | |
| | | +---------| |---------+ | |
| | +-----------| |-----------+ |
| | | +-------------+
| | |
| | | +-C-----------+
| | +-UDP2------| |-UDP2------+ |
| | | +-RTP1----| |-RTP1----+ | |
| | | | +-Video-| |-Video-+ | | |
| +-------+-+-+--->AV1|---------------->| | | | |
| | | | |<----------------|CV1 | | | |
| | | +-------| |-------+ | | |
| | +---------| |---------+ | |
| +-----------| |-----------+ |
+----------------------+ +-------------+
+-A----------------------+ +-B-----------+
|+---+ | | |
||MIC| +-UDP1------| |-UDP1------+ |
|+---+ | +-RTP1----| |-RTP1----+ | |
| | +----+ | | +-Audio-| |-Audio-+ | | |
| +->|ENC1|--+-+-+--->AA1|------------->| | | | |
| | +----+ | | | |<-------------|BA1 | | | |
| | | | +-------| |-------+ | | |
| | | +---------| |---------+ | |
| | +-----------| |-----------+ |
| | ------------| |-------------|
| | | |-------------+
| | |
| | | +-C-----------+
| | | | |
| | +-UDP2------| |-UDP2------+ |
| | | +-RTP2----| |-RTP2----+ | |
| | +----+ | | +-Audio-| |-Audio-+ | | |
| +->|ENC2|--+-+-+--->AA2|------------->| | | | |
| +----+ | | | |<-------------|CA1 | | | |
| | | +-------| |-------+ | | |
| | +---------| |---------+ | |
| +-----------| |-----------+ |
+------------------------+ +-------------+
+---------------------+
| Endpoint A |
| Local Area Network |
| +------------+ |
| +->| Audio |<+-RTP---\
| | +------------+ | \ +------+
| | +------------+ | +-->| |
| +->| Video |<+-RTP-------->| B |
| | +------------+ | +-->| |
| | +------------+ | / +------+
| +->| Control |<+-SIP---/
| +------------+ |
+---------------------+
.-------------------.
/ \
/ 6LN 6LN \
/ \ / \
| \ / |
| 6LN --- 6LBR --- 6LN |
| / \ |
\ / \ /
\ 6LN 6LN /
\ /
'-------------------'
<--------- Subnet ---------->
|0 1|1 3|3 4|4 6|
|0 5|6 1|2 7|8 3|
+----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
|bbbbbbbbbbbbbbbb|bbbbbbbb11111111|11111110bbbbbbbb|bbbbbbbbbbbbbbbb|
+----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
10 bits 54 bits 64 bits
+----------+-----------------+----------------------+
|1111111010| zeros | Interface Identifier |
+----------+-----------------+----------------------+
+++
/ \
/\ Digital Transcript / \
/ \ Via Web or Database Connection / \
/ 88 \ / \
/ 88 \ \\ // | College |
/ \ (---) +-------------->> | |
| School | +--------->> (###) +---------+
| | | |
+--------+ <<... | | Copies of Digital Transcript
School Guidance Dept \@| |@ Via Web or Database Connection
| |
+ + +-------+ +++
+------------>> / \
Third-Party Processor / \
Monitors and Controls / \
Student Communication / \
| College |
| |
+---------+
+++
/ \
/\ Digitally Signed Transcript / \
/ \ Via CD-ROM, Secure Email, etc. / \
/ 88 \ / \
/ 88 \ --- | College |
/ \ (0 0) +-------------->> | |
| School | +--------->> ( - ) +---------+
| | | | Copies of
+--------+ | | Digitally Signed Transcript
School Guidance Dept | | Via Secure Email, CD-ROM, etc.
| |
| | +-------+ +++
8 8 +------------>> / \
Student / \
Privately and Autonomously / \
Forwards Digitally Signed Transcript / \
| College |
| |
+---------+
+--------------------------------------------------+
| TRANSCRIPT CONTENT |
| Content-Type: multipart/mixed |
| |
| +-------------------------------------------+ |
| | TRANSCRIPT PREFACE | |
| | Content-Type: text/plain | |
| | | |
| | Body represents transcript preface | |
| +-------------------------------------------+ |
| |
| +-------------------------------------------+ |
| | COMPUTATIONAL TRANSCRIPT | |
| | Content-Type: application/xml | |
| | | |
| | Body represents PESC XML computational | |
| | transcript | |
| +-------------------------------------------+ |
| |
| +-------------------------------------------+ |
| | DISPLAY TRANSCRIPT | |
| | Content-Type: application/pdf | |
| | | |
| | Body represents PDF display transcript | |
| +-------------------------------------------+ |
+--------------------------------------------------+
+--------------------------------------------------+
| SIGNED TRANSCRIPT |
| Content-Type: multipart/signed |
| |
| +-------------------------------------------+ |
| | TRANSCRIPT CONTENT | |
| | Content-Type: multipart/mixed | |
| | | |
| | Body represents transcript content | |
| +-------------------------------------------+ |
| |
| +-------------------------------------------+ |
| | TRANSCRIPT SIGNATURE | |
| | Content-Type: application/pgp-signature | |
| | | |
| | Body represents OpenPGP signature over | |
| | transcript content | |
| +-------------------------------------------+ |
+--------------------------------------------------+
+--------------------------------------------------+
| ENCRYPTED TRANSCRIPT TRANSMISSION |
| Content-Type: multipart/encrypted |
| |
| +-------------------------------------------+ |
| | GRATUITOUS TEXTUAL PREAMBLE | |
| | Content-Type: application/pgp-encrypted | |
| | | |
| | Body is literal "Version: 1" | |
| +-------------------------------------------+ |
| |
| +-------------------------------------------+ |
| | ENCRYPTED SIGNED TRANSCRIPT | |
| | Content-Type: application/octet-stream | |
| | | |
| | Body represents OpenPGP encryption of | |
| | signed school transcript | |
| +-------------------------------------------+ |
+--------------------------------------------------+
+--------------------------------------------------+
| SIGNED TRANSCRIPT TRANSMISSION |
| Content-Type: multipart/signed |
| |
| +-------------------------------------------+ |
| | SIGNED TRANSMISSION CONTENT | |
| | Content-Type: multipart/signed | |
| | | |
| | Body is signed school transcript | |
| +-------------------------------------------+ |
| |
| +-------------------------------------------+ |
| | TRANSMISSION SIGNATURE | |
| | Content-Type: application/pgp-signature | |
| | | |
| | Body is OpenPGP signature over signed | |
| | transmission content | |
| +-------------------------------------------+ |
+--------------------------------------------------+
+--------------------------------------------------+
| ENCRYPTED TRANSCRIPT TRANSMISSION |
| Content-Type: multipart/encrypted |
| |
| +-------------------------------------------+ |
| | GRATUITOUS TEXTUAL PREAMBLE | |
| | Content-Type: application/pgp-encrypted | |
| | | |
| | Body is literal "Version: 1" | |
| +-------------------------------------------+ |
| |
| +-------------------------------------------+ |
| | ENCRYPTED SIGNED TRANSCRIPT | |
| | Content-Type: application/octet-stream | |
| | | |
| | Body represents OpenPGP encryption of | |
| | signed transcript transmission | |
| +-------------------------------------------+ |
+--------------------------------------------------+
Realm X Same or other Realms
<--------------------------------------> <---------------------->
End-to-end Overload Indication
1) <----------------------------------------------->
Diameter Application Y
00 15 00 06 00 00 00 00 00 00
|---| |---| |---------------|
| | |
| | \- extension_data: 6 zero bytes
| |
| \------------- 16-bit, extension_data length
|
\------------------- extension_type for padding extension
| BLAKE2b | BLAKE2s |
--------------+------------------+------------------+
Bits in word | w = 64 | w = 32 |
Rounds in F | r = 12 | r = 10 |
Block bytes | bb = 128 | bb = 64 |
Hash bytes | 1 <= nn <= 64 | 1 <= nn <= 32 |
Key bytes | 0 <= kk <= 64 | 0 <= kk <= 32 |
Input bytes | 0 <= ll < 2**128 | 0 <= ll < 2**64 |
--------------+------------------+------------------+
G Rotation | (R1, R2, R3, R4) | (R1, R2, R3, R4) |
constants = | (32, 24, 16, 63) | (16, 12, 8, 7) |
--------------+------------------+------------------+
Round | 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 |
----------+-------------------------------------------------+
SIGMA[0] | 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 |
SIGMA[1] | 14 10 4 8 9 15 13 6 1 12 0 2 11 7 5 3 |
SIGMA[2] | 11 8 12 0 5 2 15 13 10 14 3 6 7 1 9 4 |
SIGMA[3] | 7 9 3 1 13 12 11 14 2 6 5 10 4 0 15 8 |
SIGMA[4] | 9 0 5 7 2 4 10 15 14 1 11 12 6 8 3 13 |
SIGMA[5] | 2 12 6 10 0 11 8 3 4 13 7 5 15 14 1 9 |
SIGMA[6] | 12 5 1 15 14 13 4 10 0 7 6 3 9 2 8 11 |
SIGMA[7] | 13 11 7 14 12 1 3 9 5 0 15 4 8 6 2 10 |
SIGMA[8] | 6 15 14 9 11 3 0 8 12 2 13 7 1 4 10 5 |
SIGMA[9] | 10 2 8 4 7 6 1 5 15 11 9 14 3 12 13 0 |
----------+-------------------------------------------------+
FUNCTION G( v[0..15], a, b, c, d, x, y )
|
| v[a] := (v[a] + v[b] + x) mod 2**w
| v[d] := (v[d] ^ v[a]) >>> R1
| v[c] := (v[c] + v[d]) mod 2**w
| v[b] := (v[b] ^ v[c]) >>> R2
| v[a] := (v[a] + v[b] + y) mod 2**w
| v[d] := (v[d] ^ v[a]) >>> R3
| v[c] := (v[c] + v[d]) mod 2**w
| v[b] := (v[b] ^ v[c]) >>> R4
|
| RETURN v[0..15]
|
END FUNCTION.
FUNCTION F( h[0..7], m[0..15], t, f )
|
| // Initialize local work vector v[0..15]
| v[0..7] := h[0..7] // First half from state.
| v[8..15] := IV[0..7] // Second half from IV.
|
| v[12] := v[12] ^ (t mod 2**w) // Low word of the offset.
| v[13] := v[13] ^ (t >> w) // High word.
|
| IF f = TRUE THEN // last block flag?
| | v[14] := v[14] ^ 0xFF..FF // Invert all bits.
| END IF.
|
| // Cryptographic mixing
| FOR i = 0 TO r - 1 DO // Ten or twelve rounds.
| |
| | // Message word selection permutation for this round.
| | s[0..15] := SIGMA[i mod 10][0..15]
| |
| | v := G( v, 0, 4, 8, 12, m[s[ 0]], m[s[ 1]] )
| | v := G( v, 1, 5, 9, 13, m[s[ 2]], m[s[ 3]] )
| | v := G( v, 2, 6, 10, 14, m[s[ 4]], m[s[ 5]] )
| | v := G( v, 3, 7, 11, 15, m[s[ 6]], m[s[ 7]] )
| |
| | v := G( v, 0, 5, 10, 15, m[s[ 8]], m[s[ 9]] )
| | v := G( v, 1, 6, 11, 12, m[s[10]], m[s[11]] )
| | v := G( v, 2, 7, 8, 13, m[s[12]], m[s[13]] )
| | v := G( v, 3, 4, 9, 14, m[s[14]], m[s[15]] )
| |
| END FOR
|
| FOR i = 0 TO 7 DO // XOR the two halves.
| | h[i] := h[i] ^ v[i] ^ v[i + 8]
| END FOR.
|
| RETURN h[0..7] // New state.
|
END FUNCTION.
FUNCTION BLAKE2( d[0..dd-1], ll, kk, nn )
|
| h[0..7] := IV[0..7] // Initialization Vector.
|
| // Parameter block p[0]
| h[0] := h[0] ^ 0x01010000 ^ (kk << 8) ^ nn
|
| // Process padded key and data blocks
| IF dd > 1 THEN
| | FOR i = 0 TO dd - 2 DO
| | | h := F( h, d[i], (i + 1) * bb, FALSE )
| | END FOR.
| END IF.
|
| // Final block.
| IF kk = 0 THEN
| | h := F( h, d[dd - 1], ll, TRUE )
| ELSE
| | h := F( h, d[dd - 1], ll + bb, TRUE )
| END IF.
|
| RETURN first "nn" bytes from little-endian word array h[].
|
END FUNCTION.
Algorithm | Target | Collision | Hash | Hash ASN.1 |
Identifier | Arch | Security | nn | OID Suffix |
---------------+--------+-----------+------+------------+
id-blake2b160 | 64-bit | 2**80 | 20 | x.1.5 |
id-blake2b256 | 64-bit | 2**128 | 32 | x.1.8 |
id-blake2b384 | 64-bit | 2**192 | 48 | x.1.12 |
id-blake2b512 | 64-bit | 2**256 | 64 | x.1.16 |
---------------+--------+-----------+------+------------+
id-blake2s128 | 32-bit | 2**64 | 16 | x.2.4 |
id-blake2s160 | 32-bit | 2**80 | 20 | x.2.5 |
id-blake2s224 | 32-bit | 2**112 | 28 | x.2.7 |
id-blake2s256 | 32-bit | 2**128 | 32 | x.2.8 |
---------------+--------+-----------+------+------------+
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 <- values of n
...+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+-
^
193.1 THz <- anchor frequency
Frequency Slot 1 Frequency Slot 2
------------- -------------------
| | | |
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
...--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--...
------------- -------------------
^ ^
Slot NCF = 193.1 THz Slot NCF = 193.14375 THz
Slot width = 25 GHz Slot width = 37.5 GHz
n = 0, m = 2 n = 7, m = 3
Frequency Slot 1
-------------
| |
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
..--+--+--+--+--X--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--...
Frequency Slot 2
-------------------
| |
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
..--+--+--+--+--X--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--...
===============================================
Effective Frequency Slot
-------------
| |
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
..--+--+--+--+--X--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--...
Media Channel Frequency Slot
+-------------------------------X------------------------------+
| |
| Frequency Slot Frequency Slot |
| +-----------X-----------+ +----------X-----------+ |
| | OTSi | | OTSi | |
| | o | | o | |
| | | | | | | |
-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
--+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+--+---+---+---+---+--
| OTSi |
O - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - O
| |
| Channel Port Network Media Channel Channel Port |
O - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - O
| |
+--------+ +-----------+ +--------+
| \ (1) | | (1) | | (1) / |
| \----|-----------------|-----------|-------------------|-----/ |
+--------+ Link Channel +-----------+ Link Channel +--------+
Media Channel Media Channel Media Channel
Matrix Matrix Matrix
OCh AP Trail (OCh) OCh AP
O- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - O
| |
--- OCh-P OCh-P ---
\ / source sink \ /
+ +
| OCh-P OCh-P Network Connection OCh-P |
O TCP - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -TCP O
| |
|Channel Port Network Media Channel Channel Port |
O - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - O
| |
+--------+ +-----------+ +---------+
| \ (1) | OCh-P LC | (1) | OCh-P LC | (1) / |
| \----|-----------------|-----------|-----------------|------/ |
+--------+ Link Channel +-----------+ Link Channel +---------+
Media Channel Media Channel Media Channel
Matrix Matrix Matrix
---------------+ +-----------------
| |
+--------+ +--------+
| | | | +---------
---o| =============================== o--|
| | Fiber | | | --\ /--
---o| | | o--| \/
| | | | | /\
---o| =============================== o--| --/ \--
| Filter | | Filter | |
| | | | +---------
+--------+ +--------+
| |
|------- Basic Media Channel ---------|
---------------+ +-----------------
--------+ +--------
|--------------------------------------|
LSR | TE link | LSR
|--------------------------------------|
--------+ +--------
----------+ +------------------------------+ +---------
| | | |
+------+ +------+ +------+ +------+
| | | | +----------+ | | | |
--o| ========= o--| |--o ========= o--
| | Fiber | | | --\ /-- | | | Fiber | |
--o| | | o--| \/ |--o | | o--
| | | | | /\ | | | | |
--o| ========= o--***********|--o ========= o--
|Filter| |Filter| | | |Filter| |Filter|
| | | | | | | |
+------+ +------+ +------+ +------+
| | | |
<- Basic Media -> <- Matrix -> <- Basic Media ->
|Channel| Channel |Channel|
----------+ +------------------------------+ +---------
------+ +---------------+ +------
|------------------| |------------------|
LSR | TE link | LSR | TE link | LSR
|------------------| |------------------|
------+ +---------------+ +------
----------+ +------------------------------+ +---------
| | | |
+------+ +------+ +------+ +------+
| | | | +----------+ | | | |
--o| ========= o--| |--o ========= o--
| | Fiber | | | --\ /-- | | | Fiber | |
--o| | | o--| \/ |--o | | o--
| | | | | /\ | | | | |
--o| ========= o--***********|--o ========= o--
|Filter| |Filter| | | |Filter| |Filter|
| | | | | | | |
+------+ +------+ +------+ +------+
| | | |
----------+ +------------------------------+ +---------
------+ +-----
|------------------------------------------------------|
LSR | TE link | LSR
|------------------------------------------------------|
------+ +-----
---------+ +--------------------------------+ +--------
| | | |
+------+ +------+ +------+ +------+
| | | | +----------+ | | | |
-o| ========= o---| |---o ========= o-
| | Fiber | | | --\ /-- | | | Fiber | |
-o|>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>o-
| | | | | /\ | | | | |
-o| ========= o---***********|---o ========= o-
|Filter| |Filter| | | |Filter| |Filter|
| | | | | | | |
+------+ +------+ +------+ +------+
| | | |
---------+ +--------------------------------+ +--------
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> LSP >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
-----+ +---------------+ +-----
|------------------| |----------------|
LSR | TE link | LSR | TE link | LSR
|------------------| |----------------|
-----+ +---------------+ +-----
|--------------------- Network Media Channel ----------------------|
+----------------------+ +----------------------+
| | |
+------+ +------+ +------+ +------+
| | +----+ | | | | +----+ | |OTSi
OTSi| o-| |-o | +-----+ | o-| |-o |sink
src | | | | | ===+-+ +-+==| | | | | O---|R
T|***o******o********************************************************
| | |\ /| | | | | | | | |\ /| | |
| o-| \/ |-o ===| | | |==| o-| \/ |-o |
| | | /\ | | | +-+ +-+ | | | /\ | | |
| o-|/ \|-o | | \/ | | o-|/ \|-o |
|Filter| | | |Filter| | /\ | |Filter| | | |Filter|
+------+ | | +------+ +-----+ +------+ | | +------+
| | | | | | | |
+----------------------+ +----------------------+
LSP
<------------------------------------------------------------------->
LSP
<------------------------------------------------------------------>
+-----+ +--------+ +-----+
o--- | |-------------------| |----------------| |---o
| LSR | TE link | LSR | TE link | LSR |
| |-------------------| |----------------| |
+-----+ +--------+ +-----+
|--------------------- Network Media Channel --------------------|
+------------------------+ +------------------------+
+------+ +------+ +------+ +------+
| | +----+ | | | | +----+ | |
| o-| |-o | +------+ | o-| |-o |
| | | | | =====+-+ +-+=====| | | | | |
T-o******o********************************************************O-R
| | |\ /| | | | | | | | |\ /| | |
| o-| \/ |-o =====| | | |=====| o-| \/ |-o |
| | | /\ | | | +-+ +-+ | | | /\ | | |
| o-|/ \|-o | | \/ | | o-|/ \|-o |
|Filter| | | |Filter| | /\ | |Filter| | | |Filter|
+------+ | | +------+ +------+ +------+ | | +------+
| | | | | | | |
+----------------------+ +----------------------+
<----------------------------------------------------------------->
LSP
LSP
<-------------------------------------------------------------->
+-----+ +--------+ +-----+
o--| |--------------------| |-------------------| |--o
| LSR | TE link | LSR | TE link | LSR |
| |--------------------| |-------------------| |
+-----+ +--------+ +-----+
+--------------+ +--------------+
| Media Channel| TE | Media Channel| Virtual TE
| | link | | link
| Matrix |o- - - - - - - - - - o| Matrix |o- - - - - -
+--------------+ +--------------+
| +---------+ |
| | Media | |
|o----| Channel |-----o|
| |
| Matrix |
+---------+
C B A
|Path(m_req) | ^ |
|---------> | # |
| | # ^
-^--------------^----------------#----------------#--
Effective # # # #
FS n, m # . . . . . . .#. . . . . . . . # . . . . . . . .# <-fixed
# # # # n
-v--------------v----------------#----------------#---
| | # v
| | # Resv |
| | v <------ |
| | |FlowSpec(n, m_a)|
| | <--------| |
| | FlowSpec(n, |
<--------| min(m_a, m_b))
FlowSpec(n, |
min(m_a, m_b, m_c))
C B A
|Path(m_req) ^ | |
|---------> # | |
| # ^ ^
-^-------------#----------------#-----------------#--------
Effective # # # #
FS n, m # # # #
# # # #
-v-------------v----------------#-----------------#--------
| | # v
| | # Resv |
| | v <------ |
| | |FlowSpec(n_a, m_a)
| | <--------| |
| | FlowSpec(FSb [intersect] FSa)
<--------|
FlowSpec([intersect] FSa,FSb,FSc)
Alice Conference Focus
| |
|F1: (SIP) INVITE |
|----------------------->|
|F2: (SIP) 200 OK |
|<-----------------------|
|F3: (SIP) ACK |
|----------------------->|
| |
Alice MSRP Switch
| |
|F1: (MSRP) NICKNAME |
|----------------------->|
|F2: (MSRP) 425 |
|<-----------------------|
|F3: (MSRP) NICKNAME |
|----------------------->|
|F4: (MSRP) 200 |
|<-----------------------|
| |
Alice MSRP Switch Bob Charlie
| | | |
| F1: (MSRP) SEND | | |
|--------------------->| F3: (MSRP) SEND | |
| F2: (MSRP) 200 |----------------------->| |
|<---------------------| F4: (MSRP) SEND | |
| |------------------------------->|
| | F5: (MSRP) 200 OK | |
| |<-----------------------| |
| | F6: (MSRP) 200 OK | |
| |<------------------------------ |
| | | |
| | | |
Alice MSRP Switch Bob
| | |
| F1: (MSRP) SEND | |
|--------------------->| F3: (MSRP) SEND |
| F2: (MSRP) 200 |----------------------->|
|<---------------------| F4: (MSRP) 200 |
| |<-----------------------|
| | |
#####################################################################
# #
# +------------------+ #
# &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&| chat.example.org |<%%%%%%%%%%% #
# & &&&&| (MSRP switch) +-----+ % #
# & & +---------------| M2X | % #
# & & % | GW | % #
# & & % +-----+ % #
# & & % : % #
# & & % ///////////////////////////////////#
# & & % / : % #
# & & % / : +-----+ #
# & & % / : | X2M | #
# & & % / : +-------| GW |---+ #
# & & % / :.>| +-----+ | #
# & & % / | | #
# & +------------------+ % / +-----+ | #
# & | chat.example.org |<*******/*| X2S | example.com | #
# & | (conference | % **/*| GW | (XMPP server) | #
# & | focus) +-----+ % * / +-----+ | #
# & +------------| S2X | % * / | +-------------------+ #
# & * | GW |......*./....>| | rooms.example.com | #
# & * +-----+ % * / +-----| (MUC service) | #
# & * % * / ^ : +-------------------+ #
# & +---------------+ % * / : : #
# &&| example.org |<********* / : : #
# | (SIP proxy) +-----+ % / : : #
# +-------------| S2X | % / : : #
# * | GW |......./........ : #
# * +-----+ % / : #
# * % / : #
# romeo@example.org / juliet@example.com #
# ;gr=dr4hcr0st3lup4c / /yn0cl4bnw0yr3vym #
# / #
# --SIP/MSRP DOMAIN-- / --XMPP DOMAIN-- #
# / #
#####################################################################
XMPP XMPP SIP MSRP
User Server Conference Switch
| + X2S GW Focus + M2X GW
| & X2M GW + S2X GW |
| | | |
| (F1) XMPP | | |
| enter room | | |
|................>| | |
| | (F2) SIP INVITE | |
| |****************>| |
| | | (F3) |
| | | unstandardized |
| | | interaction |
| | |<&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&>|
| | (F4) SIP 200 OK | |
| |<****************| |
| | (F5) SIP ACK | |
| |****************>| |
| | (F6) MSRP SEND (bodiless) |
| |%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%>|
| | (F7) MSRP 200 OK |
| |<%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%|
| | (F8) MSRP NICKNAME |
| |%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%>|
| | (F9) MSRP 200 OK |
| |<%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%|
| | (F10) SIP | |
| | SUBSCRIBE | |
| | Event: | |
| | conference | |
| |****************>| |
| | (F11) SIP 200 OK| |
| |<****************| |
| | (F12) SIP NOTIFY| |
| |<****************| |
| | (F13) SIP 200 OK| |
| |****************>| |
| (F14) XMPP | | |
| presence | | |
|<................| | |
| (F15) XMPP | | |
| MUC subject | | |
|<................| | |
. . . .
. . . .
| (F16) XMPP | | |
| groupchat | | |
| message | | |
|................>| | |
| | (F17) MSRP SEND |
| |%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%>|
| | (F18) MSRP 200 OK
| |<%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%|
| (F19) XMPP | | |
| groupchat | | |
| message | | |
|<................| | |
. . . .
. . . .
| (F20) XMPP | | |
| private | | |
| message | | |
|................>| | |
| | (F21) MSRP SEND |
| |%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%>|
| | (F22) MSRP 200 OK
| |<%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%|
. . . .
. . . .
| (F23) XMPP | | |
| presence: | | |
| change nick | | |
|................>| | |
| | (F24) MSRP NICKNAME |
| |%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%>|
| | (F25) MSRP 425 Error |
| |<%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%|
| (F26) XMPP | | |
| presence | | |
| error | | |
|<................| | |
. . . .
. . . .
| (F27) XMPP | | |
| message: | | |
| invite | | |
|................>| | |
| | (F28) SIP | |
| | REFER | |
| |****************>| |
| | (F29) SIP | |
| | 200 OK | |
| |<****************| |
| | (F30) SIP | |
| | NOTIFY | |
| |<****************| |
. . . .
. . . .
| (F31) XMPP | | |
| presence: | | |
| exit room | | |
|................>| | |
| | (F32) SIP BYE | |
| |****************>| |
| | (F33) SIP | |
| | 200 OK | |
| |<****************| |
| (F34) XMPP | | |
| presence | | |
| unavailable | | |
|<................| | |
| | | |
SIP SIP MSRP XMPP
User Proxy Switch Server
| + S2X GW + M2X GW +X2S GW
| | | +X2M GW
| | | |
| (F35) SIP | | |
| INVITE | | |
|****************>| | |
| (F36) SIP | | |
| 200 OK | | |
|<****************| | |
| (F37) SIP ACK | | |
|****************>| | |
| (F38) SIP | | |
| SUBSCRIBE | | |
| Event: | | |
| conference | | |
|****************>| | |
| (F39) SIP | | |
| 200 OK | | |
|<****************| | |
| | (F40) XMPP presence: enter room |
| |..................................>|
| | (F41) XMPP presence |
| |<..................................|
| (F42) SIP | | |
| NOTIFY | | |
|<****************| | |
| (F43) SIP | | |
| 200 OK | | |
|****************>| | |
. . . .
. . . .
| (F44) MSRP SEND | |
|%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%>| |
| | | (F45) XMPP |
| | | groupchat |
| | | message |
| | |................>|
| | | (F46) XMPP |
| | | groupchat |
| | | message |
| | |<................|
| (F47) MSRP 200 OK | |
|<%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%| |
. . . .
. . . .
| (F48) MSRP SEND | |
|%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%>| |
| (F49) MSRP 200 OK | |
|<%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%| |
| | | (F50) XMPP |
| | | message |
| | |................>|
. . . .
. . . .
| (F51) MSRP NICKNAME | |
|%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%>| |
| | | (F52) XMPP |
| | | presence |
| | |................>|
| | | (F53) XMPP |
| | | presence |
| | | error |
| | |<................|
| (F54) MSRP 425 Error | |
|<%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%| |
. . . .
. . . .
| (F55) SIP REFER | | |
|****************>| | |
| (F56) SIP | | |
| 200 OK | | |
|<****************| | |
| (F57) SIP | | |
| NOTIFY | | |
|<****************| | |
| | (F58) XMPP message invite |
| |..................................>|
. . . .
. . . .
| (F59) SIP BYE | | |
|****************>| | |
| | (F60) XMPP presence unavailable |
| |..................................>|
| | (F61) XMPP presence unavailable |
| |<..................................|
| (F62) SIP | | |
| 200 OK | | |
|<****************| | |
| | | |
------- +--------+
/ NIC.br \ IPv4 ------- IPv6| IPv6 |IPv6 ------- IPv4 ------
| IPv4 |----| MAP-T |----| only |----| MAP-T |----| Host |
\ Network / | Core | | Router | | | CPE 1 | | 1 |
------- ------- +--------+ | ------- ------
| |
|IPv6 | ------- IPv4 ------
| |-| MAP-T |----| Host |
------- | CPE n | | n |
/ NIC.br \ ------- ------
| IPv6 |
\ Network /
-------
+------------------------------+-----------------------+------------+
| Category | Application | Result |
+------------------------------+-----------------------+------------+
| Browser | Google Chrome | Passed |
| Browser | Mozilla Firefox | Passed |
| Browser | Internet Explorer | Passed |
| Browser | Safari | Passed |
| Browser | Lynx (text browser) | Passed |
| Web browsing | www.google.com | Passed |
| Web browsing | www.msn.com | Passed |
| Web dynamic content | Flash Player | Passed |
| Web dynamic content | Silverlight | Passed |
| Web dynamic content | Java applets | Passed |
| Web dynamic content | HTML5 websites | Passed |
| Video-stream website | www.youtube.com | Passed |
| Video-stream website | www.dailymotion.com | Passed |
| Video-stream website | www.zappiens.br | Passed |
| Social-networking website | www.facebook.com | Passed |
| Social-networking website | www.twitter.com | Passed |
| Webmail | www.gmail.com | Passed |
| Webmail | www.hotmail.com | Passed |
| Real-time Internet text | Chat rooms of UOL | Passed |
| messaging (chat) website | content provider | |
| Image-hosting site | www.flickr.com | Passed |
| Communication protocol | Skype | Passed |
| Communication protocol | Google Talk | Passed |
| Communication protocol | Jabber (XMPP) | Passed |
| Communication protocol | MSN Messenger | Passed |
| Communication protocol | IRC | Passed |
| Torrent client | Vuze | Partially |
| | | Passed |
| Torrent client | uTorrent | Partially |
| | | Passed |
| Torrent client | Ktorrent | Partially |
| | | Passed |
| Remote access and file | ssh | Passed |
| transfer software | | |
| Remote access and file | ftp | Failed |
| transfer software | | |
| Remote access and file | FileZilla ftp | Passed |
| transfer software | | |
| Remote access and file | wget | Passed |
| transfer software | | |
| Antivirus update | Avira | Passed |
| Antivirus update | AVG | Passed |
| Antivirus update | Avast | Passed |
| Media player updates and | VLC | Passed |
| video streaming | | |
| Media player updates and | RealPlayer | Passed |
| video streaming | | |
| Media player updates and | Windows Media Player | Passed |
| video streaming | | |
| Network testing tool | ping outbound | Passed |
| Network testing tool | ping inbound | Failed |
| Network testing tool | traceroute | Failed |
| Network testing tool | tracert | Failed |
+------------------------------+-----------------------+------------+
------ ------
/ ISP A \ / ISP B \
| AS 64500 | | AS 64510 |
\ / \ /
------- -------
| |
| |
------------ -------------
| Cust D | | Cust C |
| AS 64499 | | AS 64496 |
------------ -------------
---------------
/ \
| ISP A' |
| AS 64500 |
\ /
---------------
/ \
/ \
| |
------------ -------------
| Cust D | | Cust C |
| AS 64499 | | AS 64496 |
------------ -------------
ISP A' ISP A'
CE-A <--- PE-A <------------------- PE-B <--- CE-B
64499 New_ASN: 64500 Old_ASN: 64510 64496
New_ASN: 64500
ISP A' ISP A'
CE-A ---> PE-A -------------------> PE-B ---> CE-B
64499 New_ASN: 64500 Old_ASN: 64510 64496
New_ASN: 64500
Code Len Data
+------+------+------+------+------+-- --+-----+
| Code | Len | URI ... |
+------+------+------+------+------+-- --+-----+
POSH Source POSH
Client Domain Server
------ ------ ------
| | |
| POSH Request | |
|------------------------->| |
| | |
| Return POSH fingerprints | |
|<-------------------------| |
| |
| Service TLS Handshake |
|<===================================================>|
| |
| Service Data |
|<===================================================>|
| |
POSH Source Delegated POSH
Client Domain Domain Server
------ ------ ------ ------
| | | |
| POSH Request | | |
|----------------->| | |
| | | |
| Return POSH url | | |
|<-----------------| | |
| | |
| POSH Request | |
|-------------------------------->| |
| | |
| Return POSH fingerprints | |
|<--------------------------------| |
| |
| Service TLS Handshake |
|<===================================================>|
| |
| Service Data |
|<===================================================>|
| |
|
DNS RESOLUTION ETC.
|
+-----------------STREAM HEADERS---------------------+
| |
| C: <stream to='a.example'> |
| |
| S: <stream from='a.example'> |
| |
+----------------------------------------------------+
|
+-----------------TLS NEGOTIATION--------------------+
| |
| S: Server Certificate |
| |
+----------------------------------------------------+
|
(client checks certificate and
establishes DNA for a.example)
|
DNS RESOLUTION ETC.
|
+-------------STREAM HEADERS--------------------+
| |
| A: <stream from='a.example' to='b.example'> |
| |
| B: <stream from='b.example' to='a.example'> |
| |
+-----------------------------------------------+
|
+-------------TLS NEGOTIATION-------------------+
| |
| B: Server Certificate |
| B: Certificate Request |
| A: Client Certificate |
| |
+-----------------------------------------------+
|
(A establishes DNA for b.example)
|
|
+-------------AUTHENTICATION--------------------+
| | |
| {valid client certificate?} --+ |
| | | |
| | yes no | |
| v | |
| SASL EXTERNAL | |
| (mutual auth) | |
| (B establishes DNA for a.example) | |
+-------------------------------------|---------+
|
|
+-----------------+
|
(Section 4.3: No Mutual PKIX Authentication)
|
| B needs to establish DNA
| for this stream from a.example,
| so A asserts its identity
|
+----------DIALBACK IDENTITY ASSERTION----------+
| |
| A: <db:result from='a.example' |
| to='b.example'> |
| some-dialback-key |
| </db:result> |
| |
+-----------------------------------------------+
|
,---------. ,---------.
|Transport| |Transport|
| Sender | . |Receiver |
| | /|___________________________________________| |
| ,-<---------------Congestion-Feedback-Signals--<--------. |
| | |/ | | |
| | |\ Transport Layer Feedback Flow | | |
| | | \ ___________________________________________| | |
| | | \| | | |
| | | ' ,-----------. . | | |
| | |_____________| |_______________|\ | | |
| | | IP Layer | | Data Flow \ | | |
| | | |(Congested)| \ | | |
| | | | Network |--Congestion-Signals--->-' |
| | | | Device | \| |
| | | | | /| |
| `----------->--(new)-IP-Layer-ConEx-Signals-------->| |
| | | | / | |
| |_____________| |_______________ / | |
| | | | |/ | |
`---------' `-----------' ' `---------'
SRTP Encr. | Value | Default Session | Default Auth.
Algorithm | | Encr. Key Length | Tag Length
-----------------------------------------------------------
AES-GCM | 6 | 16 octets | 16 octets
+------------+-------------+-------------+
| Encryption | Encryption | AEAD Auth. |
| Algorithm | Key Length | Tag Length |
+============+=============+=============+
AEAD_AES_128_GCM | AES-GCM | 16 octets | 16 octets |
+------------+-------------+-------------+
AEAD_AES_256_GCM | AES-GCM | 32 octets | 16 octets |
+============+=============+=============+
root
^
_ |
/. (LSR1)
/. /. | .\
/. (M). | .\
(P). \. | .\
\. ( N ) .(Q)
\. / \ ./
\. / \ ./
(LSR2) (LSR3)
| |
Value | Name | Reference
------+----------------------------------------+-----------
2 | PLR Status Value Element | this doc
------+----------------------------------------+-----------
3 | Protected Node Status Value Element | this doc
Value | Description | Reference | Notes/Reg Date
------+-------------------------------+-----------+---------------
0x0972| MP Node Protection Capability | this doc |
AS-X | AS-Y | AS-Z
| |
S--PBR1---ASBR1--|--ASBR2--|---ASBR5
| \______/ | |
| / \ | |
|--PBR2---ASBR3--|--ASBR4--|---ASBR6
| |
+----------------+ +--------+
| Control-Client | | Server |
+----------------+ +--------+
| |
|<------ TCP Connection-- ----->|
| |
|<------ Greeting message ------|
| |
|------- Set-Up-Response ------>|
| |
|<------ Server-Start ----------|
| |
Bit|Description |Semantics |Reference
Pos| |Definition |
---|------------------------------------------|------------|---------
0 Unauthenticated Section 3.1 [RFC4656]
1 Authenticated Section 3.1 [RFC4656]
2 Encrypted Section 3.1 [RFC4656]
3 Unauth. TEST protocol, Encrypted CONTROL Section 3.1 [RFC5618]
4 Individual Session Control [RFC5938]
5 Reflect Octets Capability [RFC6038]
6 Symmetrical Size Sender Test Packet Format [RFC6038]
Bit|Description |Semantics |Reference
Pos| |Definition |
---|------------------------------------------|------------|---------
7 IKEv2Derived Mode Capability Section 5 RFC 7717
+--------------+ +=============+
| | | |
| | | |
| +---+ | | +-----+|<--|--Pseudowire-->|
| +---+CE1+<6>-------<5>+ PE1 || | |
| <1> +---+ | | +-----+|<--|--Pseudowire-->|
| +-+-+ | | || |
| |CE3| | | ||ICCP |--> Towards the Core
| +-+-+ | | || |
| <2> +---+ | | +-----+|<--|--Pseudowire-->|
| +---+CE2+<3>-------<4>+ PE2 || | |
| +---+ | | +-----+|<--|--Pseudowire-->|
| | | |
| Multihomed | | Redundancy |
| STP Network | | Group |
+--------------+ +=============+
+------------------------------------------------------+
| Received RESUME |
v |
+---------+ Received PAUSE +---------+ Hold-off period +--------+
| Playing |---------------->| Pausing |---------------->| Paused |
| |<----------------| | | |
+---------+ Received RESUME +---------+ +--------+
^ | | PAUSE decision |
| | v |
| | PAUSE decision +---------+ PAUSE decision |
| +------------------>| Local |<--------------------+
+-------------------------| Paused |
RESUME decision +---------+
SDP Offer "config" value | Permitted SDP Answer "config" values
-------------------------+-------------------------------------
1 | 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
2 | 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
3 | 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
4 | 5, 6, 7, 8
5 | 4, 6, 7, 8
6 | 6, 7, 8
7 | 8
8 | 7
+---------------+ +---------------+
| RTP Sender | | RTP Receiver |
+---------------+ +---------------+
: t1: RTP data :
| -------------------------------> |
| t2: PAUSE(3) |
| <------------------------------- |
| < RTP data paused > |
| t3: PAUSED(3) |
| -------------------------------> |
: < Some time passes > :
| t4: RESUME(3) |
| <------------------------------- |
| t5: RTP data |
| -------------------------------> |
: < Some time passes > :
| t6: PAUSE(4) |
| <------------------------------- |
| < RTP data paused > |
| t7: PAUSED(4) |
| -------------------------------> |
: :
+---------------+ +---------------+
| RTP Sender | | RTP Receiver |
+---------------+ +---------------+
: t1: RTP data :
| -------------------------------> |
| t2: TMMBR 0 |
| <------------------------------- |
| < RTP data paused > |
| t3: TMMBN 0 |
| -------------------------------> |
: < Some time passes > :
| t4: TMMBR 150000 |
| <------------------------------- |
| t5: RTP data |
| -------------------------------> |
: < Some time passes > :
| t6: TMMBR 0 |
| <------------------------------- |
| < RTP data paused > |
| t7: TMMBN 0 |
| -------------------------------> |
: :
+---------------+ +----------------+
| RTP Sender A | | RTP Receiver B |
+---------------+ +----------------+
: t1: RTP data :
| -------------------------------> |
| < RTP data paused > |
| t2: TMMBN {A:0} |
| -------------------------------> |
: < Some time passes > :
| t3: TMMBR 0 |
| <------------------------------- |
| t4: TMMBN {A:0,B:0} |
| -------------------------------> |
: < Some time passes > :
| t5: TMMBN {B:0} |
| -------------------------------> |
: < Some time passes > :
| t6: TMMBR 80000 |
| <------------------------------- |
| t7: RTP data |
| -------------------------------> |
: :
+---------------+ +---------------+
| RTP Sender | | RTP Receiver |
+---------------+ +---------------+
: t1: RTP data :
| ------------------------------------> |
| t2: PAUSE(7), lost |
| <---X-------------- |
| |
| t3: RTP data |
| ------------------------------------> |
: :
| < Time-out, still receiving data > |
| t4: PAUSE(7) |
| <------------------------------------ |
| < RTP data paused > |
| t5: PAUSED(7) |
| ------------------------------------> |
: < Some time passes > :
| t6: RESUME(7), lost |
| <---X-------------- |
| t7: RESUME(7) |
| <------------------------------------ |
| t8: RTP data |
| ------------------------------------> |
| t9: RESUME(7) |
| <------------------------------------ |
: :
+---------------+ +---------------+
| RTP Sender | | RTP Receiver |
+---------------+ +---------------+
: t1: RTP data :
| ------------------------------> |
| t2: PAUSE(11) |
| <------------------------------ |
| |
| < Cannot pause RTP data > |
| t3: REFUSED(11) |
| ------------------------------> |
| |
| t4: RTP data |
| ------------------------------> |
: :
+-----+ +-----+ +-----+ +-----+
| R | | M | | S1 | | S2 |
+-----+ +-----+ +-----+ +-----+
: : t1:RTP(S1) : :
| t2:RTP(M:S1) |<-----------------| |
|<-----------------| | |
| | t3:RTP(S2) | |
| |<------------------------------------|
| | t4: PAUSE(S2) | |
| |------------------------------------>|
| | | t5: PAUSED(S2) |
| |<------------------------------------|
| | | <S2:No RTP to M> |
| | t6: RESUME(S2) | |
| |------------------------------------>|
| | | t7: RTP to M |
| |<------------------------------------|
| t8:RTP(M:S2) | | |
|<-----------------| | |
| | t9:PAUSE(S1) | |
| |----------------->| |
| | t10:PAUSED(S1) | |
| |<-----------------| |
| | <S1:No RTP to M> | |
: : : :
+-------------+ +-------------+ +-------------+
| Sender(S) | | Relay | | Receiver(R) |
+-------------+ +-------------+ +-------------+
: t1: RTP(S) : :
|------------------>| |
| | t2: RTP (S) |
| |------------------>|
| | t3: PAUSE(S,3) |
| |<------------------|
| t4:PAUSE(S,3) | |
|<------------------| |
: <Sender waiting for possible RESUME> :
| < RTP data paused > |
| t5: PAUSED(S,3) | |
|------------------>| |
| | t6: PAUSED(S,3) |
| |------------------>|
: : :
| | t7: RESUME(S,3) |
| |<------------------|
| t8: RESUME(S,3) | |
|<------------------| |
| t9: RTP (S) | |
|------------------>| |
| | t10: RTP (S) |
| |------------------>|
: : :
+-----+ +-----+ +-----+ +-----+
| S | | Rel | | R1 | | R2 |
+-----+ +-----+ +-----+ +-----+
: t1:RTP(S) : : :
|----------------->| | |
| | t2:RTP(S) | |
| |----------------->------------------>|
| | t3:PAUSE(S,7) | |
| |<-----------------| |
| t4:PAUSE(S,7) | | |
|<-----------------|------------------------------------>|
| | | t5:RESUME(S,7) |
| |<------------------------------------|
| t6:RESUME(S,7) | | |
|<-----------------|----------------->| |
| | <RTP stream continues to R1 and R2> |
| | | t7: PAUSE(S,8) |
| |<------------------------------------|
| t8:PAUSE(S,8) | | |
|<-----------------|----------------->| |
: : : :
| < Pauses RTP stream > | |
| t9:PAUSED(S,8) | | |
|----------------->| | |
| | t10:PAUSED(S,8) | |
| |----------------->------------------>|
: : : :
| | t11:RESUME(S,8) | |
| |<-----------------| |
| t12:RESUME(S,8) | | |
|<-----------------|------------------------------------>|
| t13:RTP(S) | | |
|----------------->| | |
| | t14:RTP(S) | |
| |----------------->------------------>|
: : : :
ForCES Network Element
+-------------------------------------+
| +---------------------+ |
| | Control Application | |
| +--+--------------+---+ |
| | | |
| | | |
-------------- Fc | -----------+--+ +-----+------+ |
| CE Manager |---------+-| CE 1 |------| CE 2 | |
-------------- | | | Fr | | |
| | +-+---------+-+ +------------+ |
| Fl | | | Fp / |
| | | +--------+ / |
| | | Fp |/ |
| | | | |
| | | Fp /|----+ |
| | | /--------/ | |
-------------- Ff | ---+---------- -------------- |
| FE Manager |---------+-| FE 1 | Fi | FE 2 | |
-------------- | | |------| | |
| -------------- -------------- |
| | | | | | | | | |
----+--+--+--+----------+--+--+--+-----
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
Fi/f Fi/f
Fp: CE-FE interface
Fr: CE-CE interface
Fc: Interface between the CE Manager and a CE
Ff: Interface between the FE Manager and an FE
Fl: Interface between the CE Manager and the FE Manager
Fi/f: FE external interface
+--------------+ +----+ +---+
| | |PBB |---|CE2|
| | |PE3 | +---+
+-----+ +----+ | | +----+
| |-----|SPBM| | |
|SPBM | |PE1 | | IP/MPLS |
+---+ |NTWK1| +----+ | Network |
|CE1|-| | | |
+---+ | | +----+ | |
| |-----|SPBM| | | +----+ +-----+
+-----+ |PE2 | | | |SPBM| |SPBM | +---+
+----+ | | |PE5 |---|NTWK2|-|CE3|
+--------------+ +----+ +-----+ +---+
+-------------------------------+---------------------+
| General Area Review Team | [Gen-ART] [RFC6385] |
| Security Directorate | [SecDir] |
| Applications Area Directorate | [AppsDir] |
| Operations Area Directorate | [OPS-dir] |
| Routing Area Directorate | [RTG-dir] |
| MIB Doctors | [MIBdoctors] |
| YANG Doctors | [YANGdoctors] |
+-------------------------------+---------------------+
#1 <------ Echo Req #1 -----------
#2 --- Echo Repl #1, FID=5000 --->
#3 <------------------- SYN #1, src= B -----------------------
#4 <--- SYN/ACK, FID=42 src=A ----
#5 ---- SYN/ACK, FID=9000 --->
#6 <----- RST, FID= 5001 -----
#7 <-------- Echo Req #2 ---------
#8 --- Echo Repl #2, FID=5002 --->
#1 <------- Echo Req #1 ----------
#2 --- Echo Repl #1, FID=5000 --->
#3 <------------------- SYN #1, src= B -----------------------
#4 <-- SYN/ACK, FID=9000 src=A ---
#5 ---- SYN/ACK, FID=9000 --->
... (RFC5722) ...
#6 <------- Echo Req #2 ----------
#7 ---- Echo Repl #2, FID=5001 -->
+-------+-------------------+-------------------------+-------------+
| Event | Sender | Receiver | Established |
| | | | reference |
+-------+-------------------+-------------------------+-------------+
| 1000 | Send golden frame | | |
| | PictureID = 0 | | |
| | | | |
| | | Receive and decode | |
| | | golden frame | |
| | | | |
| 1001 | | Send RPSI(0) | |
| | | | |
| 1002 | Receive RPSI(0) | | golden |
| | | | |
| ... | (sending regular | | |
| | frames) | | |
| | | | |
| 1100 | Send altref frame | | |
| | PictureID = 100 | | |
| | | | |
| | | Altref corrupted or | golden |
| | | lost | |
| | | | |
| 1101 | | Send SLI(100) | golden |
| | | | |
| 1102 | Receive SLI(100) | | |
| | | | |
| 1103 | Send frame with | | |
| | reference to | | |
| | golden | | |
| | | | |
| | | Receive and decode | golden |
| | | frame (decoder state | |
| | | restored) | |
| | | | |
| ... | (sending regular | | |
| | frames) | | |
| | | | |
| 1200 | Send altref frame | | |
| | PictureID = 200 | | |
| | | | |
| | | Receive and decode | golden |
| | | altref frame | |
| | | | |
| 1201 | | Send RPSI(200) | |
| | | | |
| 1202 | Receive RPSI(200) | | altref |
| | | | |
| ... | (sending regular | | |
| | frames) | | |
| | | | |
| 1300 | Send golden frame | | |
| | PictureID = 300 | | |
| | | | |
| | | Receive and decode | altref |
| | | golden frame | |
| | | | |
| 1301 | | Send RPSI(300) | altref |
| | | | |
| 1302 | RPSI lost | | |
| | | | |
| 1400 | Send golden frame | | |
| | PictureID = 400 | | |
| | | | |
| | | Receive and decode | altref |
| | | golden frame | |
| | | | |
| 1401 | | Send RPSI(400) | |
| | | | |
| 1402 | Receive RPSI(400) | | golden |
+-------+-------------------+-------------------------+-------------+
+-------+ +-------+ +------+ +------+ +------+ +------+
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| PE1 +---+ P1 +---+ ASBR1+---+ ASBR2+---+ P2 +---+ PE2 |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
+-------+ +-------+ +------+ +------+ +------+ +------+
<---------------AS1-------------><---------------AS2------------>
<---------------------------- LSP ------------------------------>
+-------+ +-------+ +------+ +------+
| | | | | | | |
+--+ AGN11 +---+ AGN21 +---+ ABR1 +---+ LSR1 +--> to AGN
/ | | /| | | | | |
+----+/ +-------+\/ +-------+ +------+ /+------+
| AN | /\ \/
+----+\ +-------+ \+-------+ +------+/\ +------+
\ | | | | | | \| |
+--+ AGN12 +---+ AGN22 +---+ ABR2 +---+ LSR2 +--> to AGN
| | | | | | | |
+-------+ +-------+ +------+ +------+
static route IS-IS L1 LDP IS-IS L2 LDP
<-Access-><--Aggregation Domain--><---------Core--------->
+-------+ +-------+ +------+ +------+ +------+ +------+
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| PE1 +---+ P1 +---+ ASBR1+---+ ASBR2+---+ P2 +---+ PE2 |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
+-------+ +-------+ +------+ +------+ +------+ +------+
<---------------AS1-------------><---------------AS2------------>
<--------------------------- LSP ------------------------------->
+----------+ +------------+
| | Traffic Interfaces | |
| |-----------------------1---- | tx |
| |-----------------------2---- | tr1 |
| |-----------------------3-----| tr2 |
| DUT | | Emulator |
| | Routing Interfaces | |
| Dp1 |--------------------------- |Emp1 |
| | BGP Peering | |
| Dp2 |---------------------------- |Emp2 |
| | BGP Peering | |
+----------+ +------------+
+------------+ +-----------+ +-----------+
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
| HLP | | DUT | | Emulator |
| (AS-X) |--------| (AS-Y) |-----------| (AS-Z) |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
+------------+ +-----------+ +-----------+
| |
| |
+--------------------------------------------+
+----------------------------------------------+
| |
| |
+------------+ +-----------+ +-----------+
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
| HLP | | DUT | | Emulator |
| (AS-X) |--------| (AS-Y) |-----------| (AS-Z) |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
+------------+ +-----------+ +-----------+
|Loopback-Int |Loopback-Int
| |
+ +
+---------+ +--------+ +--------+ +---------+
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| HLP1 | | DUT | | HLP2 | |Emulator |
| (AS-X) |-----| (AS-X) |-----| (AS-Y) |-----| (AS-Z) |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
+---------+ +--------+ +--------+ +---------+
| |
| |
+---------------------------------------------+
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
| S-DSCP | S-ECN |
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
+-----------------+ +-----------------+ +-----------------+
| Node1 | | Pseudonode1 | | Node2 |
|1920.0000.2001.00|--->|1920.0000.2001.02|--->|1920.0000.2002.00|
| 192.0.2.1 | | | | 192.0.2.2 |
+-----------------+ +-----------------+ +-----------------+
+-----------------+ +-----------------+ +-----------------+
| Node1 | | Pseudonode1 | | Node2 |
| 11.11.11.11 |--->| 11.11.11.11 |--->| 33.33.33.34 |
| | | 10.1.1.1 | | |
| Area 0 | | Area 0 | | Area 0 |
+-----------------+ +-----------------+ +-----------------+
+-----------+---------------------+--------------+------------------+
| TLV Code | Description | IS-IS TLV/ | Reference |
| Point | | Sub-TLV | (RFC/Section) |
+-----------+---------------------+--------------+------------------+
| 256 | Local Node | --- | Section 3.2.1.2 |
| | Descriptors | | |
| 257 | Remote Node | --- | Section 3.2.1.3 |
| | Descriptors | | |
| 258 | Link Local/Remote | 22/4 | [RFC5307]/1.1 |
| | Identifiers | | |
| 259 | IPv4 interface | 22/6 | [RFC5305]/3.2 |
| | address | | |
| 260 | IPv4 neighbor | 22/8 | [RFC5305]/3.3 |
| | address | | |
| 261 | IPv6 interface | 22/12 | [RFC6119]/4.2 |
| | address | | |
| 262 | IPv6 neighbor | 22/13 | [RFC6119]/4.3 |
| | address | | |
| 263 | Multi-Topology ID | --- | Section 3.2.1.5 |
| 264 | OSPF Route Type | --- | Section 3.2.3 |
| 265 | IP Reachability | --- | Section 3.2.3 |
| | Information | | |
| 512 | Autonomous System | --- | Section 3.2.1.4 |
| 513 | BGP-LS Identifier | --- | Section 3.2.1.4 |
| 514 | OSPF Area-ID | --- | Section 3.2.1.4 |
| 515 | IGP Router-ID | --- | Section 3.2.1.4 |
| 1024 | Node Flag Bits | --- | Section 3.3.1.1 |
| 1025 | Opaque Node | --- | Section 3.3.1.5 |
| | Attribute | | |
| 1026 | Node Name | variable | Section 3.3.1.3 |
| 1027 | IS-IS Area | variable | Section 3.3.1.2 |
| | Identifier | | |
| 1028 | IPv4 Router-ID of | 134/--- | [RFC5305]/4.3 |
| | Local Node | | |
| 1029 | IPv6 Router-ID of | 140/--- | [RFC6119]/4.1 |
| | Local Node | | |
| 1030 | IPv4 Router-ID of | 134/--- | [RFC5305]/4.3 |
| | Remote Node | | |
| 1031 | IPv6 Router-ID of | 140/--- | [RFC6119]/4.1 |
| | Remote Node | | |
| 1088 | Administrative | 22/3 | [RFC5305]/3.1 |
| | group (color) | | |
| 1089 | Maximum link | 22/9 | [RFC5305]/3.4 |
| | bandwidth | | |
| 1090 | Max. reservable | 22/10 | [RFC5305]/3.5 |
| | link bandwidth | | |
| 1091 | Unreserved | 22/11 | [RFC5305]/3.6 |
| | bandwidth | | |
| 1092 | TE Default Metric | 22/18 | Section 3.3.2.3 |
| 1093 | Link Protection | 22/20 | [RFC5307]/1.2 |
| | Type | | |
| 1094 | MPLS Protocol Mask | --- | Section 3.3.2.2 |
| 1095 | IGP Metric | --- | Section 3.3.2.4 |
| 1096 | Shared Risk Link | --- | Section 3.3.2.5 |
| | Group | | |
| 1097 | Opaque Link | --- | Section 3.3.2.6 |
| | Attribute | | |
| 1098 | Link Name | --- | Section 3.3.2.7 |
| 1152 | IGP Flags | --- | Section 3.3.3.1 |
| 1153 | IGP Route Tag | --- | [RFC5130] |
| 1154 | IGP Extended Route | --- | [RFC5130] |
| | Tag | | |
| 1155 | Prefix Metric | --- | [RFC5305] |
| 1156 | OSPF Forwarding | --- | [RFC2328] |
| | Address | | |
| 1157 | Opaque Prefix | --- | Section 3.3.3.6 |
| | Attribute | | |
+-----------+---------------------+--------------+------------------+
IPv6-capable user IPv4-only user
<2001:db8::ab:cd> <203.0.113.50>
| |
(the IPv6 Internet) (the IPv4 Internet)
| |
| +-[BR]---------<192.0.2.0/24>--------------+
| | |
| | EAM #1: 192.0.2.1,2001:db8:12:34::1 |
| | EAM #2..#n: [...] |
| | XLAT Prefix: 2001:db8:46::/96 |
| | |
| +------------<2001:db8:46::/96>------------+
| |
(the IPv6-only data center network)
|
+--<2001:db8:12:34::1>--[v6-only server]-+
| | |
| +-[2001:db8:12:34::1]--[v6-only app]-+ |
| | AF_INET6 socket | |
| +------------------------------------+ |
+----------------------------------------+
+--[IPv4]----------+ +--[IPv6]-----------------------+
| SRC 203.0.113.50 | | SRC 2001:db8:46::203.0.113.50 |
| DST 192.0.2.1 | --> | DST 2001:db8:12:34::1 |
| TCP SYN [..] | | TCP SYN [..] |
+------------------+ +-------------------------------+
+--[IPv6]-----------------------+ +--[IPv4]----------+
| SRC 2001:db8:12:34::1 | | SRC 192.0.2.1 |
| DST 2001:db8:46::203.0.113.50 | --> | DST 203.0.113.50 |
| TCP SYN/ACK [..] | | TCP SYN/ACK [..] |
+-------------------------------+ +------------------+
/--------------------------------\ /---------------\
| IPv4 Internet | | IPv6 Internet |
\-+----------------------------+-/ \--------+------/
| | |
| <----------[BGP]---------> | [BGP]
| | |
+-------<192.0.2.0/24>---------+ +---<192.0.2.0/24>---+ |
| BR #1 | | BR #2 | |
| EAM Table: | | | |
| ========== | | | |
| 192.0.2.1,2001:db8:12:34::1 | | | |
| 192.0.2.2,2001:db8:12:34::2 | | Exactly the same | |
| 192.0.2.3,2001:db8:fe:dc::1 | | configuration as | |
| 192.0.2.4,2001:db8:12:34::4 | | BR #1 | |
| 192.0.2.5,2001:db8:fe:dc::e | | | |
| | | | |
| XLAT Prefix 2001:db8:46::/96 | | | |
| | | | |
+--------<2001:db8:46::/96>----+ +-<2001:db8:46::/96>-+ |
| | |
| <------[ECMP]------> | |
| | |
/-----------------+----------------------+--\ |
| IPv6 IDC network w/ OSPFv3 +------------/
\-+--------------------------------+--------/
| |
| Tenant A's server LAN | Tenant B's server LAN
| 2001:db8:12:34::/64 | 2001:db8:fe:dc::/64
| |
+-- www ::1 (IPv6+SIIT-DC) +-- www-lb ::1 (IPv6+SIIT-DC)
| |
+-- mta ::2 (IPv6+SIIT-DC) +-- web ::80:01 (IPv6 only)
| | [...]
+-- ftp ::3 (IPv6) +-- web ::80:99 (IPv6 only)
| ::4 (IPv4, via ER) |
| | +----+
+-- app01 ::a:01 (IPv6 only) \---- ::e | ER | --\
| [...] +----+ |
+- app99 ::a:99 (IPv6 only) |
| ftp 192.0.2.5 ---/
+-- db01 ::d:01 (IPv6 only)
| [..]
\-- db99 ::d:99 (IPv6 only)
[IPv4 Internet] [IPv6 Internet]
| |
+-----|-----+ |
| (BR/XLAT) | |
+-----|-----+ |
| | +-----<IPv6-only node/server>----------+
[IPv6-only IDC network] | +----------------+|
| | /--(ER/XLAT)--AF_INET Dual-stack ||
\-------------------------+ | application ||
| \------------AF_INET6 software ||
| +----------------+|
+--------------------------------------+
[IPv4 Internet] [IPv6 Internet]
| |
+-----|-----+ |
| (BR/XLAT) | |
+-----|-----+ |
| |
[IPv6-only IDC network] +--<IPv4-only node/server>--+
| | +----------------+|
+-----|-----+ [v4-only] | | IPv4-only ||
| (ER/XLAT)-----[network]--------AF_INET application ||
+-----------+ [segment] | | software ||
| +----------------+|
+---------------------------+
[IPv4 Internet] [IPv6 Internet]
| |
+-----|-----+ |
| (BR/XLAT) | |
+-----|-----+ |
| |
[IPv6-only IDC network]
|
| +-------------+
| | _IPv6_ |
| | / \ |
+==== (ER/XLAT) |
| | \_ _/ |
| | IPv4 | +--<Dual-stack node/server>--+
| +-------------+ | +----------------+|
| | /---AF_INET Dual-stack ||
[Dual-stack network segment]----< | application ||
| \--AF_INET6 software ||
| +----------------+|
+----------------------------+
[IPv4 Internet] [IPv6 Internet]
| |
+-----|-----+ |
| (BR/XLAT) | |
+-----|-----+ |
| |
[IPv6-only IDC network]
|
+-----------|--------------+
| ____/ \_IPv6_ |
| / \ |
| (IPv6 Bridge) (ER/XLAT) |
| \____ _ _/ |
| \ / IPv4 | +--<Dual-stack node/server>--+
+-----------|--------------+ | +----------------+|
| | /---AF_INET Dual-stack ||
[Dual-stack network segment]----< | application ||
| \--AF_INET6 software ||
| +----------------+|
+----------------------------+
+-[Pkt#1: IPv4]-+ +--[Pkt#2: IPv6]-------------+
| SRC 192.0.2.1 | (XLAT#1) | SRC 2001:db8:a:: |
| DST 192.0.2.2 |--(@ ER A)-->| DST 2001:db8:46::192.0.2.2 |---\
+---------------+ +----------------------------+ |
(XLAT#2)
+-[Pkt#4: IPv4]-+ +--[Pkt#3: IPv6]-------------+ ( @ BR )
| SRC 192.0.2.1 | (XLAT#3) | SRC 2001:db8:46::192.0.2.1 | |
| DST 192.0.2.2 |<--(@ ER B)--| DST 2001:db8:b:: |<--/
+---------------+ +----------------------------+
+-[Pkt#1: IPv4]-+ +--[Pkt#2: IPv6]---+
| SRC 192.0.2.1 | (XLAT#1) | SRC 2001:db8:a:: |
| DST 192.0.2.2 |--(@ ER A)-->| DST 2001:db8:b:: |
+---------------+ +------------------+
|
+-[Pkt#3: IPv4]-+ |
| SRC 192.0.2.1 | (XLAT#2) |
| DST 192.0.2.2 |<-------(@ ER B)------/
+---------------+
RPC _________
executed \
\/
Ts
server ---------------+------------- ----> time
/\ \
rpc / \ rpc-reply
(Ts)/ \
/ \/
client -----------------------------
RPC _________
executed \
\/
Te
server ------------+---------------- ----> time
/\ \
rpc / \ rpc-reply
(get-time)/ \ (Te)
/ \/
client -----------------------------
RPC _________
executed \
\/
Ts Te
server -------------+-+------------- ----> time
/\ \
rpc / \ rpc-reply
(Ts + get-time)/ \ (Te)
/ \/
client -----------------------------
RPC ____________
executed \
\/
Ts
server -------------------+--------- ----> time
/\ \ \
rpc / \notifi- \ rpc-reply
(Ts)/ \cation \
/ \/ \/
client -----------------------------
RPC not __________
executed \
\/
Ts
server --------------------------------+--- ----> time
/\ \ /\ \
rpc / \notifi- /cancel- \ rpc-reply
(Ts)/ \cation /schedule \
/ \/ / \/
client ------------------------------------
RPC _________
received \
\/
Ts
-----+--------------+-----+------------+-------> time
<------------> <---------------->
sched-max-past sched-max-future
+----------------------------------------------------------------------+
| File Edit (Cloud Stuff) (Fork Me on GitHub) Help |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------+
| [ such-and-such identifier ] [ useful statistics] |
+----------------------------------++----------------------------------+
| (plain text, with || (text/html, likely |
| syntax highlighting) || rendered to screen) |
| || |
|# Introduction ||<h1>Introduction</h1> |
| || |
|## Markdown Is About Writing and /|<h2>Markdown Is About Writing and |
/ Editing ||Editing</h2> |
| || |
|> HTML is a *publishing* format; ||<blockquote><p>HTML is a |
|> Markdown is a *writing* format. || <em>publishing</em> format; |
|> Thus, Markdown's formatting || Markdown is a <em>writing</em> |
|> syntax only addresses issues || format. Thus, Markdown's |
|> that can be conveyed in plain <> formatting syntax only addresses |
|> text. [MDSYNTAX][] || issues that can be conveyed in |
| || plain text. <a href="http://darin/
|The paradigmatic use case for |/gfireball.net/projects/markdown/sy/
|`text/markdown` is the Markdown |/ntax#html" title="Markdown: Syntax/
|editor: an application that |/: HTML">MDSYNTAX</a> |
|presents Markdown content ||</p></blockquote> |
|... || |
| ||<p>The paradigmatic use case for |
|[MDSYNTAX]: http://daringfireball./| <code>text/markdown</code> is the|
/net/projects/markdown/syntax#html || Markdown editor: an application |
|"Markdown: Syntax: HTML" || that presents Markdown content |
| || ...</p> |
+----------------------------------++----------------------------------+
informal /---------formatted text----------\ formal
<------v-------------v-------------v-----------------------v---->
plain text informal markup formal markup binary format
(Markdown) (HTML, XML, etc.)
| Left | Center | Right |
|:--------- |:-------:| ------:|
| cats | Paxton | $1600 |
| dogs | Ruff | $30 |
| zebras | Stripes | $20900 |
STuPiD ```````````````````````````````,
Script <----------------------------. ,
| ,
^ , | ,
| , | ,
(1) | , | , (3)
POST | , | , GET
| , | ,
| v | v
Peer A -----------------------> Peer B
(2)
out-of-band
Notification
~~~~~~~~~~
{: #figops title="STuPiD Protocol Operation"}
Sender Receiver
...
DATA [SEG 1] ----------------------> (ack delayed)
DATA [SEG 2] ----------------------> (send ack)
DATA [SEG 3] ----X /-------- ACK
(restart RTO) <----------/
...
(RTO expiry)
DATA [SEG 3] ---------------------->
Native |<----------- Pseudowires ----------->| Native
Service | | Service
(AC) | |<-PSN1-->| |<-PSN2-->| | (AC)
| V V V V V V |
| +-----+ +-----+ +-----+ |
+----+ | |T-PE1|=========|S-PE1|=========|T-PE2| | +----+
| |-------|......PW1-Seg1.......|.PW1-Seg2......|-------| |
| CE1| | |=========| |=========| | | CE2|
| | +-----+ +-----+ +-----+ | |
+----+ |.||.| |.||.| +----+
|.||.| +-----+ |.||.|
|.||.|=========| |========== .||.|
|.||...PW2-Seg1......|.PW2-Seg2...||.|
|.| ===========|S-PE2|============ |.|
|.| +-----+ |.|
|.|============+-----+============= .|
|.....PW3-Seg1.| | PW3-Seg2......|
==============|S-PE3|===============
| |
+-----+
+-----+ //=======================\\ +-----+
|T-PE1|// Working Path \\|T-PE2|
| /| |\ |
| ?< | | >? |
| \| |/ |
| |\\ Protection Path //| |
+-----+ \\=======================// +-----+
+----------------------+ +----------------+
| \ / |
| +-----------------+ x +---------+ |
| | \/ \/ | |
| | +-T-10-T | |
| | / | /| | |
| | / 100 / | | |
| | / | | 100 | |
| | / +-+-+ | | |
| | / / | | | |
| | / / R-18-R | |
| | 10 10 /\ /\ | |
| | / / / \ / \ | |
| | / / / x \ | |
| | / / 10 10 \ \ | |
| | / / / / 10 10 | |
| | / / / / \ \ | |
| | A-25-A A-25-A A-25-A | |
| | | | \ \ / / | |
| | | | 201 201 201 201 | |
| | | | \ \ / / | |
| | 201 201 \ x / | |
| | | | \ / \ / | |
| | | | \/ \/ | |
| | I-24-I I-24-I 100 100
| | / / | | | |
| +-+ / | +-----------+ |
+---------+ +---------------------+
+------------+
| Web server |
| w/ ConEx |
+------------+
|
|
|
-----------------------
| | |
| Internet | |
| | |
-----------------------
|
--------------------------------------------|--------
| | |
| +-----------+ |
| | Web cache | |
| | w/ ConEx | |
| +-----------+ |
| | |
| +----+ +-------+ +-------+ +-------+ |
| | UE |=====| eNB |=====| S-GW |=====| P-GW | |
| +----+ +-------+ +-------+ +-------+ |
| |
| Operator A |
-----------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------
| +----+ +-------+ +-------+ +-------+ |
| | UE |=====| eNB |=====| S-GW |=====| P-GW | |
| +----+ +-------+ +-------+ +-------+ |
| | |
| Operator A | |
--------------------------------------------|--------
|
-----------------------
| |
| Internet |
| |
-----------------------
|
--------------------------------------------|--------
| +----+ +-------+ +-------+ +-------+ |
| | UE |=====| eNB |=====| S-GW |=====| P-GW | |
| +----+ +-------+ +-------+ +-------+ |
| |
| Operator B |
-----------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------
| |--- ConEx path ---| |
| v v |
| +----+ +-------+ +-------+ +-------+ |
| | UE |=====| eNB |=====| S-GW |=====| P-GW | |
| +----+ +-------+ +-------+ +-------+ |
| | |
| Operator A | |
--------------------------------------------|--------
|
-----------------------
| |
| Internet |
| |
-----------------------
|
--------------------------------------------|--------
| +----+ +-------+ +-------+ +-------+ |
| | UE |=====| eNB |=====| S-GW |=====| P-GW | |
| +----+ +-------+ +-------+ +-------+ |
| |
| Operator B |
-----------------------------------------------------
Backhaul Network Core Network
+---------------+ +--------------+
| | | |
| BSN or ECN-CE | | |
| marked | | |
| packets | | |
| <--- | | |
+----+ +-------+ +----------+ +-------+ +--------+
| | | | GTP-U | | GTP-U | | | |
| UE |=====| eNB |=======| S-GW |=======| P-GW |==|Internet|
| | | | Tunnel| | Tunnel| | | |
+----+ +-------+ +----------+ +-------+ +--------+
| ---> | | |
| User/control | | User/control |
| packets with | | packet with |
| DL congestion | | DL congestion|
| vol counters | | vol counters |
| | | |
+---------------+ +--------------+
----------------------
| |
| TRILL Campus |
| |
----------------------
| | |
+-----+ | +--------+
| | |
+------+ +------+ +------+
|(RB1) | |(RB2) | | (RBk)|
+------+ +------+ +------+
|..| |..| |..|
| +----+ | | | |
| +---|-----|--|----------+ |
| +-|---|-----+ +-----------+ |
| | | +------------------+ | |
LAALP1-->(| | |) (| | |) <--LAALPn
+-------+ . . . +-------+
| CE1 | | CEn |
+-------+ +-------+
---------------------
/ \ +-----+
| TRILL Campus |---| RBn |
\ / +-----+
-----------------------
| |
+----+ +------+
| |
+---------+ +--------+
| RB1 | | RB2 |
| oooooooo|oooooooooooooooo|ooooo |
+o--------+ RBv +-----o--+
o|oooo|oooooooooooooooooooo|o|o |
| +--|--------------------+ | |
| | +---------+ +----------+ |
(| |)<-LAALP1 (| |)<-LAALP2 |
+-------+ +-------+ +-------+
| CE1 | | CE2 | | CE3 |
+-------+ +-------+ +-------+
------------------
/ \
| TRILL Campus |
\ /
--------------------
| | |
+---+ | +----+
| | |
+------+ +------+ +------+
| RB1 | | RB2 | | RB3 |
ooooooo|ooooo|oooooo|ooo|ooooo |
o+------+ RBv +------+ +-----o+
o|oooo|ooooooo|oooo|ooooo|oo|o
| | | +-|-----+ |
\|/+--|-------+ | +------+ |
- B | +----------|------+ | |
/|\| +-----------+ | | |
(| | |)<--LAALP1 (| | |)<--LAALP2
+-------+ +-------+
| CE1 | | CE2 |
+-------+ +-------+
+-----+
| RB4 |
+----------+-----+----------+
| |
| |
| Rest of campus |
| |
| |
+-+-----+--+-----+--+-----+-+
| RB1 | | RB2 | | RB3 |
+-----\ +-----+ /-----+
\ | /
\ | /
|||LAALP1
|||
+---+
| B |
+---+
H1 H2 H3 H4: VLAN 10
+------------------+ +------------------+ +------------------+
| RB1 | | RB2 | | RB3 |
+------------------+ +------------------+ +------------------+
L1 L2 L3 L1 L2 L3 L1 L2 L3
VL10-20 VL15-25 VL15 VL10-20 VL15-25 VL15 VL10-20 VL15-25 VL15
LAALP1 LAALP2 LAN LAALP1 LAALP2 LAN LAALP1 LAALP2 LAN
B1 B2 B10 B1 B2 B20 B1 B2 B30
--------------------
/ \
| |
| TRILL Campus |
| |
\ /
--------------------
| | |
----- | --------
| | |
+------+ +------+ +------+
| | | | | |
|(RB1) | |(RB2) | | (RBk)|
+------+ +------+ +------+
|..| |..| |..|
| +----+ | | | |
| +---|-----|--|----------+ |
| +-|---|-----+ +-----------+ |
| | | +------------------+ | |
(| | |) <-- MC-LAG (| | |) <-- MC-LAG
+-------+ . . . +-------+
| CE1 | | CEn |
| | | |
+-------+ +-------+
-------------------- Sample Multicast Tree (T1)
/ \
| | |
| TRILL Campus | o RBn
| | / | \
\ / / | ---\
-------------------- RB1 o o o
| | | | RB2 RBk
| | -------------- |
| | | o RBv
+------+ +------+ +------+
| | | | | |
|(RB1) | |(RB2) | | (RBk)|
+------+ +------+ +------+
|..| |..| |..|
| +----+ | | | |
| +---|--|--|-------------+ |
| +-|---|--+ +--------------+ |
| | | +------------------+ | |
MC-LAG -->(| | |) (| | |)<-- MC-LAG
+-------+ . . . +-------+
| CE1 | | CEn |
| | | |
+-------+ +-------+
in_flight credits
RTT1 |------XC------>| 1 1
|------X------->| 2 1
|------XC------>| 3 2
| |
RTT2 |------X------->| 3 2
|------X------->| 4 2
|------X------->| 4 2
|------XC------>| 5 3
|------X------->| 5 3
|------X------->| 6 3
| |
RTT3 |------X------->| 6 3
|------XC------>| 7 4
|------X------->| 7 4
|------X------->| 8 4
|------X------->| 8 4
|------XC------>| 9 5
|------X------->| 9 5
|------X------->| 10 5
|------X------->| 10 5
|------XC------>| 11 6
|------X------->| 11 6
|------X------->| 12 6
| . |
| : |
,-----.
/ \
( AS64505 )
\ /
`--+--'
2001:DB8::/32 | |
2001:DB8::/34 v |
|
,--+--. 2001:DB8::/32 ,-----.
/ \ <-- / \
( AS64504 )-------------( AS64502 )
\ / \ /
`-----' `-----'
____,,................______
_,.---'''' `''---..._
,-'' AS64505 `-.
[ /
-.._ __.-'
. `'---....______ ______...---''
+ |/32 `''''''''''''''' |
| |/34 + |/32 |
v | v |/34 |
| | ^ |
| ^ |/32 | |/32
| + | + |/34
_,,---.:_ _,,---.._ _,,---.._
,' `. ,' `. ,' `.
/ AS64504 \ <-+ / AS64502 \ / AS64503 \
| |_________| |________| |
| | /32 | |/32 /32| |
'. ,' . ,' /34 . ,'
`. ,' `. ,' +-> <-+ `. ,'
``---'' ``---'' ``---''
| ^ |
^ |2001:DB8::/32 | |2001:DB8::/32
| | + |2001:DB8::/34
+ | _....---------...._|
,-'AS64501 ``-.
/' `.
`. _,
`-.._ _,,,'
`''---------'''
^ \ / ^ ^ \ / ^
| /32 \ / /32 | | /32 \ / /32 |
,-----. ,-----.
,' `. ,' `.
/ AS64502 \ / AS64503 \
( )-------------( )
\ / /32 /32 \ /
`. ,' -> /34 `. ,'
'-----; <- / '-----'
\ /
^ \ / ^
| \ / |
| \ / |
| \ ,-----.' | 2001:DB8::/32
| ,' `. | 2001:DB8::/34
2001:DB8::/32 +-- / AS64501 \ --+
( )
\ /
`. ,'
'-----'
,-----.
,' `.
/ AS64505 \
( )
\ /
,`. ,' \
/ '-----' \
/ ^ ^ \
/32 | | /32 '
,-----.' + + ,-----.
,' `. ,' `.
/ AS64502 \ / AS64503 \
( )-------------( )
\ / /32 /32 \ /
`. ,' +-> /34 `. ,'
'-----; <-+ / '-----'
\ /
^ \ / ^
| \ / |
| \ / |
| \ ,-----.' | 2001:DB8::/32
| ,' `. | 2001:DB8::/34
2001:DB8::/32 +--+ / AS64501 \ +--+
( )
\ /
`. ,'
'-----'
____,,................______
_,.---'''' `''---..._
,-'' AS64505 `-.
[ /
-.._ __.-'
. `'---....______ ______...---''
+ |/32 `''''''''''''''' |
| |/34 + |/32 |
v | v |/34 |
| | ^ |
| ^ |/32 | |/32
| + | + |/34
_,,---.:_ _,,---.._ _,,---.._
,' `. ,' `. ,' `.
/ AS64504 \ <-+ / AS64502 \ / AS64503 \
| |_________| | | |
| | /32 | | | |
'. ,' . ,' . ,'
`. ,' `. ,' `. ,'
``---'' ``---'' ``---''
| ^ |
^ |2001:DB8::/32 | |2001:DB8::/32
| | + |2001:DB8::/34
+ | _....---------...._|
,-'AS64501 ``-.
/' `.
`. _,
`-.._ _,,,'
`''---------'''
+------------+ +------------+
| | Interface_0 : VPN_0 | |
| ================= | |
| VPN | v | Security |
| End User | ================== Gateway |
| ================^ | |
| | Interface_1 : VPN_1 | |
+------------+ +------------+
+------------+ +------------+
| | Interface_0 : VPN_0 | |
| | ================== |
| VPN | v | Security |
| End User ================= | Gateway |
| | ^================= |
| | Interface_1 : VPN_1 | |
+------------+ +------------+
+------------+ +------------+
| | Interface_0 Interface_0' | |
| ================================== |
| VPN | \\ // | Security |
| End User | // \\ | Gateway |
| ================================== |
| | Interface_1 Interface_1' | |
+------------+ +------------+
+------------+ +------------+
| | Interface_0 : VPN_0 | |
| ================= | |
| VPN | v | Security |
| End User | ================== Gateway |
| = | |
| | Interface_1 | |
+------------+ +------------+
+------------+ +------------+
| | Interface_0 : VPN_0, VPN_1 | |
| ==================== | |
| VPN ================= v | Security |
| End User | v =============== Gateway |
| | ================== |
| | Interface_1 | |
+------------+ +------------+
+------------+ +------------+
| | Interface_0 : VPN_0 | |
| ================== | |
| VPN | v | Security |
| End User | ================= Gateway |
| =================^ | |
| | Interface_1 : VPN_1 | |
+------------+ +------------+
+-----+ AC
+---+ +-----+ | | | +---+
| | | |------|T-PE2|-----| |
| | AC +-----+ | ..PW-Seg2.......| | |
| | | |....PW-Seg1..... | +-----+ | |
|CE1|-----|T-PE1|------|S-PE1| |CE2|
| | | | | . | +-----+ | |
| | +-----+ | ..PW-Seg3.......| | |
| | | |------|T-PE3|-----| |
+---+ +-----+ | | | +---+
+-----+ AC
+---+ +-----+ +-----+ +-----+
| | | | | | | |
| | AC |......PW1-Seg1......PW1-Seg2........|
| | | | . | | . | | |
|CE1|-----|T-PE1|------|S-PE1|-----------|T-PE2| AC
| | | . | | . | PW1-Seg3 | | | +---+
| | | . | | ......... ......|-----| |
| | | . | | | . .| | | |
+---+ +---.-+ +-----+ . . +-----+ | |
|. . . |CE2|
|. .. | |
|. +-----+ . . +-----+ | |
|. | | . .| |-----| |
|...PW2-Seg1.......... ......| | +---+
| | . | PW2-Seg2 | | AC
----------|S-PE2|-----------|T-PE3|
| . | | |
| .....PW2-Seg3........|
| | | |
+-----+ +-----+
+----------------------------------------+
| VPLS-Capable PE Model |
| +---------------+ +------+ |
| | | |VSI-1 |------------
| | |==========| |------------ PWs
| | Bridge ------------ |------------
| | | S-VLAN-1 +------+ |
| | Module | o |
| | | o |
| | (802.1ad | o |
| | bridge) | o |
| | | o |
| | | S-VLAN-n +------+ |
| | ------------VSI-n |-------------
| | |==========| |------------- PWs
| | | ^ | |-------------
| +---------------+ | +------+ |
| | |
+-------------------------|--------------+
LAN Emulation Interface
+----------------------------------------+
| VPLS-Capable PE Model |
| +---------------+ +------+ |
| | | |VSI-1 |------------
| | |==========| |------------ PWs
| | Bridge ------------ |------------
| | | Root +------+ |
| | Module | S-VLAN |
| | | |
| | (802.1ad | |
| | bridge) | |
| | | Leaf |
| | | S-VLAN +------+ |
| | ------------VSI-2 |-------------
| | |==========| |------------- PWs
| | | ^ | |-------------
| +---------------+ | +------+ |
| | |
+-------------------------|--------------+
LAN Emulation Interface
+----------------------------------------+
| PE Device |
Multiple+----------------------------------------+
AC | | | Single | PW Instance
<------>o NSP # + PW Instance X<---------->
| | | |
|------| VSI |----------------------|
| | | Single | PW Instance
<------>o NSP #Forwarder + PW Instance X<---------->
| | | |
|------| |----------------------|
| | | Single | PW Instance
<------>o NSP # + PW Instance X<---------->
| | | |
+----------------------------------------+
+----------------------------------------+
| PE Device |
Root +----------------------------------------+
VLAN | | Single | PW Instance
<------>o + PW Instance X<---------->
| | |
| VSI |----------------------|
| | Single | PW Instance
| Forwarder + PW Instance X<---------->
| | |
Leaf | |----------------------|
VLAN | | Single | PW Instance
<------>o + PW Instance X<---------->
| | |
+----------------------------------------+
| Single Stream | Multiple Simultaneous
| of Interest | Streams of Interest
| | from Different Methods
====================================================================
Single Fundamental | Active or Passive |
Method | |
Y-Axis:Effect of the measured stream on network conditions
^ Max
|* Active using max capacity stream
|
|
|
|
|* Active using stream with load of typical user
|
|
|
|* Active using extremely sparse, randomized stream
| * PDM Passive
| Min *
+----------------------------------------------------------------|
| |
Stream X-Axis: a priori Stream Knowledge No Stream
Characteristics Characteristics
Completely Known
Known
+-+
+>|1|
| +-+
| |
| +-+ +-+
| |1| +>|3|
| +-+ | +-+
| | | |
| +-+ +-+ | +-+
| |1| +>|2| | |3|
| +-+ | +-+ | +-+
| A | A | A
| | | | | |
++--++ ++--++ ++--++
+->| Q |-->| Q |-->| Q |--+
| +----+ +----+ +----+ |
+----------------------------+
+-+
+>|1|
| +-+
| |
| +-+ +-+
| |2| +>|2|
| +-+ | +-+
| | | |
| +-+ | +-+ +-+
| |3| | |1| +>|1|
| +-+ | +-+ | +-+
| A | A | A
| | | | | |
++--++ ++--++ ++--++
"now"+->| Q |-->| Q |-->| Q |-->...
+----+ +----+ +----+
A A A
|3 |2 |1
+++++++++++++++++++++++
|||| Flow ||||
+++++++++++++++++++++++
==================== ====================
(a) | Contributors | | Contributors |
==================== ====================
| |
==================== ====================
(b) | Publisher A | | Publisher B |
==================== ====================
\ /
====================
(c) | Root Provider |
====================
/ | \
/ | \
====================== | ======================
(d) | Secondary Provider | | | Secondary Provider |
====================== | ======================
| | | |
| | | |
========== ========== ========== ==========
(e) | Client | | Client | | Client | | Client |
========== ========== ========== ==========
[E]---[D]---| [E]<--[D]<--| [E]-->[D]---|
| | | | ^ | | |
| | | V | | V V
[R] [F] [C] [R] [F] [C] [R] [F] [C]
| | | ^ ^ ^ | |
| | | | | | V |
[A]---[B]---| [A]-->[B]---| [A]<--[B]<--|
[E]---[D]---| |---[J]
| | | | |
| | | | |
[R] [F] [C]---[G] |
| | | | |
| | | | |
[A]---[B]---| |---[H]
[E]<--[D]<--| [J] [E]-->[D]---| |---[J]
| ^ | | | | | ^
V | | | V V V |
[R] [F] [C]<--[G] | [R] [F] [C]<--[G] |
^ ^ ^ | ^ | | |
| | | V | V | |
[A]-->[B]---| |---[H] [A]<--[B]<--| [H]
[A]<---[R] [E] R << A << B << C << D << E
| ^ R << A << B << F << G << H << D << E
| |
V | Unspecified Relationships:
[B]--->[C]--->[D] C and F
| ^ C and G
| | C and H
V |
[F]--->[G]--->[H]
[A]<---[R]<---[E] R << A << B << C << R
| ^ ^ R << A << B << C << D << E << R
| | | R << A << B << F << G << H << D << E << R
V | |
[B]--->[C]--->[D] Unspecified Relationships:
| ^ C and F
| | C and G
V | C and H
[F]--->[G]--->[H]
E---D---| E<--D---| E<--D<--|
| | | | ^ | | ^ |
| | | V | | V | |
R F C R F C R F C
| | | | ^ | | ^ ^
| | | V | | V | |
A---B---| A-->B---| A-->B---|
[E]---| [J]-------[I] [P]---[O]
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
[R] [D]---[C]--[F] [H]---[K] [N]
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
[A]--------[B] [G]---| [L]---[M]
[E]----| [J]---------[I] [P]------[O]
(5, ) | (10, ) (9, ) (16, ) (15, )
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
[R] [D]---[C]---[F] [H]----[K] [N]
(0, ) (4, ) (3, ) (6, ) (8, ) (11, ) (14, )
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
[A]---------[B] [G]----| [L]------[M]
(1, ) (2, ) (7, ) (12, ) (13, )
[E]----| [J]---------[I] [P]------[O]
(5,0) | (10,3) (9,3) (16,11) (15,11)
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
[R] [D]---[C]---[F] [H]----[K] [N]
(0,0) (4,0) (3,0) (6,3) (8,3) (11,11) (14,11)
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
[A]---------[B] [G]----| [L]------[M]
(1,0) (2,0) (7,3) (12,11) (13,11)
[E]---| [J]-------[I] [P]---[O]
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
[R] [D]---[C]--[F] [H]---[K] [N]
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
[A]--------[B] [G]---| [L]---[M]
[E]<--| [J]<------[I] [P]<--[O]
| | | ^ | ^
V | V | V |
[R] [D]<--[C] [F] [H]<---[K] [N]
^ | ^ ^
| V | |
[A]------->[B] [G]---| [L]-->[M]
[E]---| [J]-------->[I] [P]-->[O]
| | |
V V V
[R] [D]-->[C]<---[F] [H]<---[K] [N]
^ | ^ | ^ |
| V | | | V
[A]<-------[B] [G]<--| [L]<--[M]
(Cloud 6)<---[Y]<---(Cloud 5)<------------|
| |
| |
V |
[G]--->(Cloud 4)--->[R]--->(Cloud 1)--->[H]
^ |
| |
| |
(Cloud 3)<---[X]<---(Cloud 2)<-----------|
E---D---| E<--D<--|
| | | | ^ |
| | | V | |
R F C R F C
| | | | ^ ^
| | | V | |
A---B---| A-->B---|
+------+------------+------+------------------------------+------------+
| D | MRT blue | F | additional | F | Alternate |
| wrt | and red | wrt | criteria | wrt | |
| S | path | S | | MRT | |
| | properties | | | (deduced) | |
+------+------------+------+-----------------+------------+------------+
| D>>S | Blue path: | F>>S | additional | F on an | Use Red |
| and | Increasing | only | criteria | increasing | to avoid |
| D<<S,| path to R. | | not needed | path from | F |
| D is | Red path: | | | S to R | |
| R, | Decreasing +------+-----------------+------------+------------+
| | path to R. | F<<S | additional | F on a | Use Blue |
| | | only | criteria | decreasing | to avoid |
| | | | not needed | path from | F |
| or | | | | S to R | |
| | +------+-----------------+------------+------------+
| | | F>>S | topo(F)>topo(D) | F on a | Use Blue |
| S is | Blue path: | and | implies that | decreasing | to avoid |
| R | Increasing | F<<S,| F>>D or F??D | path from | F |
| | path to D. | | | S to D or | |
| | Red path: | | | neither | |
| | Decreasing | +-----------------+------------+------------+
| | path to D. | | topo(F)<topo(D) | F on an | Use Red |
| | | | implies that | increasing | to avoid |
| | | | F<<D or F??D | path from | F |
| | | | | S to D or | |
| | | | | neither | |
| | +------+-----------------+------------+------------+
| | | F??S | Can only occur | F is on | Use Red |
| | | | when link | neither | or Blue |
| | | | between | increasing | to avoid |
| | | | F and S | nor decr. | F |
| | | | is marked | path from | |
| | | | MRT_INELIGIBLE | S to D or R| |
+------+------------+------+-----------------+------------+------------+
| D>>S | Blue path: | F<<S | additional | F on | Use Blue |
| only | Increasing | only | criteria | decreasing | to avoid |
| | shortest | | not needed | path from | F |
| | path from | | | S to R | |
| | S to D. +------+-----------------+------------+------------+
| | Red path: | F>>S | topo(F)>topo(D) | F on | Use Blue |
| | Decreasing | only | implies that | decreasing | to avoid |
| | shortest | | F>>D or F??D | path from | F |
| | path from | | | R to D | |
| | S to R, | | | or | |
| | then | | | neither | |
| | decreasing | +-----------------+------------+------------+
| | shortest | | topo(F)<topo(D) | F on | Use Red |
| | path from | | implies that | increasing | to avoid |
| | R to D. | | F<<D or F??D | path from | F |
| | | | | S to D | |
| | | | | or | |
| | | | | neither | |
| | +------+-----------------+------------+------------+
| | | F>>S | additional | F on Red | Use Blue |
| | | and | criteria | | to avoid |
| | | F<<S,| not needed | | F |
| | | F is | | | |
| | | R | | | |
| | +------+-----------------+------------+------------+
| | | F??S | Can only occur | F is on | Use Red |
| | | | when link | neither | or Blue |
| | | | between | increasing | to avoid |
| | | | F and S | nor decr. | F |
| | | | is marked | path from | |
| | | | MRT_INELIGIBLE | S to D or R| |
+------+------------+------+-----------------+------------+------------+
| D<<S | Blue path: | F>>S | additional | F on | Use Red |
| only | Increasing | only | criteria | increasing | to avoid |
| | shortest | | not needed | path from | F |
| | path from | | | S to R | |
| | S to R, +------+-----------------+------------+------------+
| | then | F<<S | topo(F)>topo(D) | F on | Use Blue |
| | increasing | only | implies that | decreasing | to avoid |
| | shortest | | F>>D or F??D | path from | F |
| | path from | | | R to D | |
| | R to D. | | | or | |
| | Red path: | | | neither | |
| | Decreasing | +-----------------+------------+------------+
| | shortest | | topo(F)<topo(D) | F on | Use Red |
| | path from | | implies that | increasing | to avoid |
| | S to D. | | F<<D or F??D | path from | F |
| | | | | S to D | |
| | | | | or | |
| | | | | neither | |
| | +------+-----------------+------------+------------+
| | | F>>S | additional | F on Blue | Use Red |
| | | and | criteria | | to avoid |
| | | F<<S,| not | | F |
| | | F is | needed | | |
| | | R | | | |
| | +------+-----------------+------------+------------+
| | | F??S | Can only occur | F is on | Use Red |
| | | | when link | neither | or Blue |
| | | | between | increasing | to avoid |
| | | | F and S | nor decr. | F |
| | | | is marked | path from | |
| | | | MRT_INELIGIBLE | S to D or R| |
+------+------------+------+-----------------+------------+------------+
| D??S | Blue path: | F<<S | additional | F on a | Use Red |
| | Decr. from | only | criteria | decreasing | to avoid |
| | S to first | | not needed | path from | F |
| | node K<<D, | | | S to K. | |
| | then incr. +------+-----------------+------------+------------+
| | to D. | F>>S | additional | F on an | Use Blue |
| | Red path: | only | criteria | increasing | to avoid |
| | Incr. from | | not needed | path from | F |
| | S to first | | | S to L | |
| | node L>>D, | | | | |
| | then decr. | | | | |
| | +------+-----------------+------------+------------+
| | | F??S | topo(F)>topo(D) | F on decr. | Use Blue |
| | | | implies that | path from | to avoid |
| | | | F>>D or F??D | L to D or | F |
| | | | | neither | |
| | | +-----------------+------------+------------+
| | | | topo(F)<topo(D) | F on incr. | Use Red |
| | | | implies that | path from | to avoid |
| | | | F<<D or F??D | K to D or | F |
| | | | | neither | |
| | +------+-----------------+------------+------------+
| | | F>>S | GADAG link | F on an | Use Blue |
| | | and | direction | incr. path | to avoid |
| | | F<<S,| S->F | from S | F |
| | | F is +-----------------+------------+------------+
| | | R | GADAG link | F on a | Use Red |
| | | | direction | decr. path | to avoid |
| | | | S<-F | from S | F |
| | | +-----------------+------------+------------+
| | | | GADAG link | Either F is the order |
| | | | direction | proxy for D (case |
| | | | S<-->F | already handled) or D |
| | | | | is in a different block |
| | | | | from F, in which case |
| | | | | Red or Blue avoids F |
| | | +-----------------+-------------------------+
| | | | S-F link not | Relies on special |
| | | | in GADAG, | construction of GADAG |
| | | | only when | to demonstrate that |
| | | | S-F link is | using Red avoids F |
| | | | MRT_INELIGIBLE | (see text) |
+------+------------+------+-----------------+-------------------------+
[E]---[D]---| [E]<--[D]<--| [E]-->[D]---|
| | | | ^ | | |
| | | V | | V V
[R] [F] [C] [R] [F] [C] [R] [F] [C]
| | | ^ ^ ^ | |
| | | | | | V |
[A]---[B]---| [A]-->[B]---| [A]<--[B]<--|
[E]---[D]---| |---[J]
| | | | |
| | | | |
[R] [F] [C]---[G] |
| | | | |
| | | | |
[A]---[B]---| |---[H]
[E]<--[D]<--| [J] [E]-->[D]---| |---[J]
| ^ | | | | | ^
V | | | V V V |
[R] [F] [C]<--[G] | [R] [F] [C]<--[G] |
^ ^ ^ | ^ | | |
| | | V | V | |
[A]-->[B]---| |---[H] [A]<--[B]<--| [H]
+----[C]---- --[D]--[E] --[D]--[E]
| \ / \ / \
p--[A] Area 10 [ABR1] Area 0 [H]--p +-[ABR1] Area 0 [H]-+
| / \ / | \ / |
+----[B]---- --[F]--[G] | --[F]--[G] |
| |
| other |
+----------[p]-------+
area
+----[C]<--- [D]->[E]
V \ \
+-[A] Area 10 [ABR1] Area 0 [H]-+
| ^ / / |
| +----[B]<--- [F]->[G] V
| |
+------------->[p]<--------------+
->[D]->[E] -<[D]<-[E]
/ \ / \
[ABR1] Area 0 [H]-+ +-[ABR1] [H]
/ | | \
[F]->[G] V V -<[F]<-[G]
| |
| |
[p]<------+ +--------->[p]
50
|----[ASBR Y]---[B]---[ABR 2]---[C] Backbone Area 0:
| | ABR 1, ABR 2, C, D
| |
| | Area 20: A, ASBR X
| |
p ---[ASBR X]---[A]---[ABR 1]---[D] Area 10: B, ASBR Y
5 p is a Type 1 AS-external
OWAMP/TWAMP-enabled Node
+-------------------+
| |
| +-----------+ |
Software | |OWAMP/TWAMP| |
| | protocol | |
| +-----+-----+ |
| | | +-----------------------+
| +-----+-----+ | / Intermediate entity |
| | Accurate | | / in charge of: |
ASIC/FPGA | | Timestamp | | /__ - Timestamping |
| | engine | | |- Updating checksum or |
| +-----------+ | | Checksum Complement |
| | | +-----------------------+
+---------+---------+
|
|test packets
|
___ v _
/ \_/ \__
/ \_
/ IP /
\_ Network /
/ \
\__/\_ ___/
\_/
NTP client/server
+-------------------+
| |
| +-----------+ |
Software | | NTP | |
| | protocol | |
| +-----+-----+ |
| | | +-----------------------+
| +-----+-----+ | / Intermediate entity |
| | Accurate | | / in charge of: |
ASIC/FPGA | | Timestamp | | /__ - Timestamping |
| | engine | | |- Updating checksum or |
| +-----------+ | | Checksum Complement |
| | | +-----------------------+
+---------+---------+
|
|NTP packets
|
___ v _
/ \_/ \__
/ \_
/ IP /
\_ Network /
/ \
\__/\_ ___/
\_/
+------+---------------------------------+--------------------------+
| Code | Reason | Method |
+------+---------------------------------+--------------------------+
| 100 | Continue | all |
| | | |
| 200 | OK | all |
| | | |
| 301 | Moved Permanently | all |
| | | |
| 302 | Found | all |
| | | |
| 303 | See Other | n/a |
| | | |
| 304 | Not Modified | all |
| | | |
| 459 | Aggregate Operation Not Allowed | all |
| | | |
| 460 | Only Aggregate Operation | all |
| | Allowed | |
| | | |
| 461 | Unsupported Transport | all |
| | | |
| 462 | Destination Unreachable | all |
| | | |
| 463 | Destination Prohibited | SETUP |
| | | |
| 464 | Data Transport Not Ready Yet | PLAY |
| | | |
| 465 | Notification Reason Unknown | PLAY_NOTIFY |
| | | |
| 466 | Key Management Error | all |
| | | |
| 470 | Connection Authorization | all |
| | Required | |
| | | |
| 471 | Connection Credentials Not | all |
| | Accepted | |
| | | |
| 472 | Failure to Establish Secure | all |
| | Connection | |
| | | |
| 500 | Internal Server Error | all |
| | | |
| 501 | Not Implemented | all |
| | | |
| 502 | Bad Gateway | all |
| | | |
| 503 | Service Unavailable | all |
| | | |
| 504 | Gateway Timeout | all |
| | | |
| 505 | RTSP Version Not Supported | all |
| | | |
| 551 | Option Not Supported | all |
| | | |
| 553 | Proxy Unavailable | all |
+------+---------------------------------+--------------------------+
+-------------------+------+------+----+----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Header |Where |Proxy |DES | OPT| STP | PLY | PSE | TRD |
+-------------------+------+------+----+----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Accept | R | | o | - | - | - | - | - |
| Accept- | R | rm | o | o | o | o | o | o |
| Credentials | | | | | | | | |
| Accept-Encoding | R | r | o | - | - | - | - | - |
| Accept-Language | R | r | o | - | - | - | - | - |
| Accept-Ranges | G | r | - | - | m | - | - | - |
| Accept-Ranges | 456 | r | - | - | - | m | - | - |
| Allow | r | am | c | c | c | - | - | - |
| Allow | 405 | am | m | m | m | m | m | m |
| Authentication- | r | | o | o | o | o | o | o/- |
| Info | | | | | | | | |
| Authorization | R | | o | o | o | o | o | o/- |
| Bandwidth | R | | o | o | o | o | - | - |
| Blocksize | R | | o | - | o | o | - | - |
| Cache-Control | G | r | o | - | o | - | - | - |
| Connection | G | ad | o | o | o | o | o | o |
| Connection- | 470, | ar | o | o | o | o | o | o |
| Credentials | 407 | | | | | | | |
| Content-Base | r | | o | - | - | - | - | - |
| Content-Base | 4xx, | | o | o | o | o | o | o |
| | 5xx | | | | | | | |
| Content-Encoding | R | r | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Content-Encoding | r | r | o | - | - | - | - | - |
| Content-Encoding | 4xx, | r | o | o | o | o | o | o |
| | 5xx | | | | | | | |
| Content-Language | R | r | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Content-Language | r | r | o | - | - | - | - | - |
| Content-Language | 4xx, | r | o | o | o | o | o | o |
| | 5xx | | | | | | | |
| Content-Length | r | r | * | - | - | - | - | - |
| Content-Length | 4xx, | r | * | * | * | * | * | * |
| | 5xx | | | | | | | |
| Content-Location | r | r | o | - | - | - | - | - |
| Content-Location | 4xx, | r | o | o | o | o | o | o |
| | 5xx | | | | | | | |
| Content-Type | r | r | * | - | - | - | - | - |
| Content-Type | 4xx, | ar | * | * | * | * | * | * |
| | 5xx | | | | | | | |
| CSeq | Gc | rm | m | m | m | m | m | m |
| Date | G | am | o/*| o/*| o/* | o/* | o/* | o/* |
| Expires | r | r | o | - | o | - | - | - |
| From | R | r | o | o | o | o | o | o |
| If-Match | R | r | - | - | o | - | - | - |
| If-Modified-Since | R | r | o | - | o | - | - | - |
| If-None-Match | R | r | o | - | o | - | - | - |
| Last-Modified | r | r | o | - | o | - | - | - |
| Location | 3rr | | m | m | m | m | m | m |
+-------------------+------+------+----+----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Header |Where |Proxy |DES | OPT| STP | PLY | PSE | TRD |
+-------------------+------+------+----+----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
+------------------+---------+-----+----+----+----+-----+-----+-----+
| Header | Where |Proxy|DES |OPT |STP | PLY | PSE | TRD |
+------------------+---------+-----+----+----+----+-----+-----+-----+
| Media-Properties | r | | - | - | m | o | o | - |
| Media-Range | r | | - | - | c | c | c | - |
| MTag | r | r | o | - | o | - | - | - |
| Pipelined- | G | amd | - | o | o | o | o | o |
| Requests | | r | | | | | | |
| Proxy- | 407 | amr | m | m | m | m | m | m |
| Authenticate | | | | | | | | |
| Proxy- | r | amd | o | o | o | o | o | o/- |
| Authentication- | | r | | | | | | |
| Info | | | | | | | | |
| Proxy- | R | rd | o | o | o | o | o | o |
| Authorization | | | | | | | | |
| Proxy-Require | R | ar | o | o | o | o | o | o |
| Proxy-Require | r | r | c | c | c | c | c | c |
| Proxy-Supported | R | amr | c | c | c | c | c | c |
| Proxy-Supported | r | | c | c | c | c | c | c |
| Public | r | amr | - | m | - | - | - | - |
| Public | 501 | amr | m | m | m | m | m | m |
| Range | R | | - | - | - | o | - | - |
| Range | r | | - | - | c | m | m | - |
| Referrer | R | | o | o | o | o | o | o |
| Request-Status | R | | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Require | R | | o | o | o | o | o | o |
| Retry-After | 3rr,503 | | o | o | o | o | o | - |
| | ,553 | | | | | | | |
| Retry-After | 413 | | o | - | - | - | - | - |
| RTP-Info | r | | - | - | c | c | - | - |
| Scale | R | r | - | - | - | o | - | - |
| Scale | r | amr | - | - | c | c | c | - |
| Seek-Style | R | | - | - | - | o | - | - |
| Seek-Style | r | | - | - | - | m | - | - |
| Server | R | r | - | o | - | - | - | o |
| Server | r | r | o | o | o | o | o | o |
| Session | R | r | - | o | o | m | m | m |
| Session | r | r | - | c | m | m | m | o |
| Speed | R | admr| - | - | - | o | - | - |
| Speed | r | admr| - | - | - | c | - | - |
| Supported | R | r | o | o | o | o | o | o |
| Supported | r | r | c | c | c | c | c | c |
| Terminate-Reason | R | r | - | - | - | - | - | -/o |
| Timestamp | R | admr| o | o | o | o | o | o |
| Timestamp | c | admr| m | m | m | m | m | m |
| Transport | G | mr | - | - | m | - | - | - |
| Unsupported | r | | c | c | c | c | c | c |
| User-Agent | R | | m* | m* | m* | m* | m* | m* |
| Via | R | amr | c | c | c | c | c | c |
| Via | r | amr | c | c | c | c | c | c |
| WWW-Authenticate | 401 | | m | m | m | m | m | m |
+------------------+---------+-----+----+----+----+-----+-----+-----+
| Header | Where |Proxy|DES |OPT |STP | PLY | PSE | TRD |
+------------------+---------+-----+----+----+----+-----+-----+-----+
+---------------------------+-------+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Header | Where | Proxy | GPR | SPR | RDR | PNY |
+---------------------------+-------+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Accept-Credentials | R | rm | o | o | o | - |
| Accept-Encoding | R | r | o | o | o | - |
| Accept-Language | R | r | o | o | o | - |
| Accept-Ranges | G | rm | o | - | - | - |
| Allow | 405 | amr | m | m | m | m |
| Authentication-Info | r | | o/- | o/- | - | - |
| Authorization | R | | o | o | o | - |
| Bandwidth | R | | - | o | - | - |
| Blocksize | R | | - | o | - | - |
| Cache-Control | G | r | o | o | - | - |
| Connection | G | | o | o | o | o |
| Connection-Credentials | 470, | ar | o | o | o | - |
| | 407 | | | | | |
| Content-Base | R | | o | o | - | o |
| Content-Base | r | | o | o | - | - |
| Content-Base | 4xx, | | o | o | o | o |
| | 5xx | | | | | |
| Content-Encoding | R | r | o | o | - | o |
| Content-Encoding | r | r | o | o | - | - |
| Content-Encoding | 4xx, | r | o | o | o | o |
| | 5xx | | | | | |
| Content-Language | R | r | o | o | - | o |
| Content-Language | r | r | o | o | - | - |
| Content-Language | 4xx, | r | o | o | o | o |
| | 5xx | | | | | |
| Content-Length | R | r | * | * | - | * |
| Content-Length | r | r | * | * | - | - |
| Content-Length | 4xx, | r | * | * | * | * |
| | 5xx | | | | | |
| Content-Location | R | | o | o | - | o |
| Content-Location | r | | o | o | - | - |
| Content-Location | 4xx, | | o | o | o | o |
| | 5xx | | | | | |
| Content-Type | R | | * | * | - | * |
| Content-Type | r | | * | * | - | - |
| Content-Type | 4xx, | | * | * | * | * |
| | 5xx | | | | | |
| CSeq | R,c | mr | m | m | m | m |
| Date | R | a | o/* | o/* | m | o/* |
| Date | r | am | o/* | o/* | o/* | o/* |
| Expires | r | r | - | - | - | - |
| From | R | r | o | o | o | - |
| If-Match | R | r | - | - | - | - |
| If-Modified-Since | R | am | o | - | - | - |
| If-None-Match | R | am | o | - | - | - |
| Last-Modified | R | r | - | - | - | - |
| Last-Modified | r | r | o | - | - | - |
| Location | 3rr | | m | m | m | - |
| Location | R | | - | - | m | - |
+---------------------------+-------+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Header | Where | Proxy | GPR | SPR | RDR | PNY |
+---------------------------+-------+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
+---------------------------+---------+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Header | Where | Proxy | GPR | SPR | RDR | PNY |
+---------------------------+---------+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Media-Properties | R | amr | o | - | - | c |
| Media-Properties | r | mr | c | - | - | - |
| Media-Range | R | | o | - | - | c |
| Media-Range | r | | c | - | - | - |
| MTag | r | r | o | - | - | - |
| Notify-Reason | R | | - | - | - | m |
| Pipelined-Requests | R | amdr | o | o | - | - |
| Proxy-Authenticate | 407 | amdr | m | m | m | - |
| Proxy-Authentication-Info | r | amdr | o/- | o/- | - | - |
| Proxy-Authorization | R | amdr | o | o | o | - |
| Proxy-Require | R | ar | o | o | o | - |
| Proxy-Supported | R | amr | c | c | c | - |
| Proxy-Supported | r | | c | c | c | - |
| Public | 501 | admr | m | m | m | - |
| Range | R | | o | - | - | m |
| Range | r | | c | - | - | - |
| Referrer | R | | o | o | o | - |
| Request-Status | R | mr | - | - | - | c |
| Require | R | r | o | o | o | o |
| Retry-After | 3rr,503,| | o | o | - | - |
| | 553 | | | | | |
| Retry-After | 413 | | o | o | - | - |
| RTP-Info | R | r | o | - | - | C |
| RTP-Info | r | r | c | - | - | - |
| Scale | G | | c | - | c | c |
| Seek-Style | G | | - | - | - | - |
| Server | R | r | o | o | o | o |
| Server | r | r | o | o | - | - |
| Session | R | r | o | o | o | m |
| Session | r | r | c | c | o | m |
| Speed | G | | - | - | - | - |
| Supported | R | r | o | o | o | - |
| Supported | r | r | c | c | c | - |
| Terminate-Reason | R | r | - | - | m | - |
| Timestamp | R | adrm | o | o | o | o |
| Timestamp | c | adrm | m | m | m | m |
| Transport | G | mr | - | - | - | - |
| Unsupported | r | arm | c | c | c | c |
| User-Agent | R | r | m* | m* | - | - |
| User-Agent | r | r | m* | m* | m* | m* |
| Via | R | amr | c | c | c | c |
| Via | r | amr | c | c | c | c |
| WWW-Authenticate | 401 | | m | m | m | - |
+---------------------------+---------+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Header | Where | Proxy | GPR | SPR | RDR | PNY |
+---------------------------+---------+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-------------------------------+-------------------------------+
! OPTION-CODE ! OPTION-LENGTH !
+-------------------------------+-------------------------------+
| TIMEOUT !
+-------------------------------+
,----------\ ,---------\
| Identity | Federation | Relying |
| Provider + <--------------------> + Party |
`----------' '---------'
<
\
\ Authentication
\
\
\
\
\ +---------+
\ | | O
v| Client | \|/ Individual
| | |
+---------+ / \
| (1) | Client configuration
| | |
|<-----(2)----->| | Mechanism selection
| | |
|<-----(3)-----<| | NAI transmitted to RP
| | |
|<=====(4)====================>| IdP Discovery
| | |
|>=====(5)====================>| Access-Request from RP to IdP
| | |
| |< - - (6) - -<| EAP method to client
| | |
| |< - - (7) - ->| EAP exchange to authenticate
| | | client
| | |
| | (8 & 9) Local policy check
| | |
|<====(10)====================<| Results to RP
| | |
(11) | | RP processes results
| | |
|>----(12)----->| | Results to client
+--------------+
| Identity |
| Provider |
| (IdP) |
+-^----------^-+
* EAP o RADIUS
* o
--v----------v--
/// \\\
// \\
| Federation |
| Substrate |
\\ //
\\\ ///
--^----------^--
* EAP o RADIUS
* o
+-------------+ +-v----------v--+
| | | |
| Client | EAP/EAP Method | Relying Party |
| Application |<****************>| (RP) |
| | GSS-API | |
| |<---------------->| |
| | Application | |
| | Protocol | |
| |<================>| |
+-------------+ +---------------+
+--------+ +---------------+ +--------------+
| Client | <---> | RP | <---> | AAA Client |
+--------+ +---------------+ +--------------+
^
|
v
+---------------+ +----------------+
| SAML Server | | AAA Proxy |
+---------------+ | (or Proxies) |
^ +----------------+
| ^
| |
v v
+------------+ +---------------+ +--------------+
| EAP Server | <---> | IdP | <---> | AAA Server |
+------------+ +---------------+ +--------------+
Client Relying Party Identity Provider
| | |
| (1) | |
| - - - - - - - - - > | |
| | |
| | (2) |
| | - - - - - - - - - - - - > |
| | |
| (3) | |
| < - - - - - - - - - |- - - - - - - - - - - - - >|
| | |
| | (4) |
| | < - - - - - - - - - - - - |
| | |
| (5) | |
| < - - - - - - - - - | |
| | |
V V V
+-------------------------------+-------------------------------+
| Origin-Len (16) | Origin? (*) ...
+-------------------------------+-------------------------------+
| Alt-Svc-Field-Value (*) ...
+---------------------------------------------------------------+
Subopt Len Sub-option Data
+------+------+------+------+------+------+--...-+------+
| code | N | s1 | s2 | s3 | s4 | | sN |
+------+------+------+------+------+------+--...-+------+
+---Location Request---+
| (1) |
+---+----+ +---V---+
| |<--Location--| LIS |
| Caller | (2) +-------+ +--------+
| | | ESRP/ |
| |----Find Service-------+ | PSAP |
+------^-+ (3) | +--------+
| | +--------V----+ ^
| +-----Service----| LoST Server | |
| (4) +-------------+ +---+---+
+-------------Call Initiation------------>| VSP |
(5) +-------+
+---Location Request---+
| (2) |
+---V---+ |
| LIS | |
+----+--+ +----+----+
| | |
+----Location--->| Soft- |
+--------+ (3) | switch |
| Caller |------Call Initiation------------> | |
+--------+ (1) +-+-^---+-+
+-------------+ | | |
| LoST Server |<-Find Service--+ | |
+------+------+ (4) | |
| | |
+----------Service--------+ |
(5) |
+-----------+ |
| ESRP/PSAP |<------Call----+
+-----------+ (6)
+--------------+ +------------------+
| Subscriber | | Carrier | ==== L2 connection(s)
| | | +--------------+ | between subscriber
| +......+ PCP | | and CGN
| +----------+ | | | Interworking | | #### PCP communication
| | Internal | | | | Function | | .... Subscriber-IWF
| | Host | | | +-----#--------+ | interaction
| +----+-----+ | | # | (elaborated
| | | | +-----#--------+ | in specific
| +----+-----+ | | | PCP Server | | scenarios below)
| | CPE | | | | | |
| | +-+======+ CGN L2NAT +--------- Public Internet
| +----------+ | | +--------------+ |
+--------------+ +------------------+
+--------------+ +------------------------------------+
| Subscriber | | Carrier |
| | | +----------------------------+ |
| | | | AAA Server | |
| | | +-----+---------------+------+ |
| | | | | |
| +----------+ | | +-----+---+ +-----+------+ |
| | Internal | | | | +=====+ | |
| | Host | | | | ...........| UPnP IGD | |
| +----+-----+ | | | . +=====+ PCP IWF | |
| | . | | | . | +-----#------+ |
| +----+--.--| | | | . | # |
| | | . +========+ . | +-----#------+ |
| | | .................. +=====+ PCP Server | |
| | +------------------------------| | |
| | CPE +========+ BRAS +=====+ CGN L2NAT +------- Public
| +----------+ | | +---------+ +------------+ | Internet
+--------------+ +------------------------------------+
+--------------+ +------------------------------------+
| Subscriber | | Carrier |
| | | +------------+ |
| | | +------------+ | Web Portal | |
| +----------+ | | | AAA Server +--+ +--+ |
| | Internal | | | +-----+------+ | PCP Client | | |
| | Host | | | | +-----#------+ | |
| +----+-----+ | | | # | |
| | | | +-----+---+ +-----#------+ | |
| +----+-----+ | | | | | PCP Server | | |
| | CPE | | | | BRAS | | | | |
| | +-+======+ +=====+ CGN L2NAT +--+---- Public
| +----------+ | | +---------+ +------------+ | Internet
+--------------+ +------------------------------------+
Page 0 Pages 1 ... n Pages (n+1) ...
+------------+ +---+ +---+ ... +---+ +-----------+ +---------+ +--
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
|+----------+| |+-----------------+| |+-------------------+ +-----
|||ID Header|| || Comment Header || ||Audio Data Packet 1| | ...
|+----------+| |+-----------------+| |+-------------------+ +-----
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
+------------+ +---+ +---+ ... +---+ +-----------+ +---------+ +--
^ ^ ^
| | |
| | Mandatory Page Break
| |
| ID header is contained on a single page
|
'Beginning Of Stream'
+--------+ +--------+ +--------+ +---------+ +--------+
| Player | | Peer_1 | | Portal | | Tracker | | Peer_2 |
+--------+ +--------+ +--------+ +---------+ +--------+
| | | | |
(a) |--Page request----------------->| | |
|<--------------Page with links--| | |
|--Select stream (MPD request)-->| | |
|<--------------------OK+MPD(x)--| | |
(b) |--Start/Resume->|--CONNECT(join x)------------>| |
|<-----------OK--|<----------------OK+Peerlist--| |
| | | |
|--Get(chunk)--->|<---------- (Peer protocol) ------------->|
|<--------chunk--|<---------------------------------chunks--|
: : : : :
| |--STAT_REPORT---------------->| |
| |<-------------------------OK--| |
: : : : :
| |--FIND----------------------->| |
| |<----------------OK+Peerlist--| |
: : : : :
|--Get(chunk)--->|<---------- (Peer protocol) ------------->|
|<--------chunk--|<---------------------------------chunks--|
: : : : :
+---------+ +---------+
| SEEDER | | Tracker |
+---------+ +---------+
| |
Start->|--CONNECT (join x,y,z)-------->|
|<--------------------------OK--|
: :
| |
|--STAT_REPORT----------------->|
|<--------------------------Ok--|
: :
| |
|--STAT_REPORT----------------->|
|<--------------------------Ok--|
: :
--------------------------------------------
/ \
| +------------+ +=========+ +======+ |
\-| TERMINATED |<---| STARTED |<---| INIT |<-/
+------------+ +=========+ +======+
(Transient) \- (start tracker)
--------------------------------------------
/ \
| +------------+ +=========+ +======+ |
\-| TERMINATED |<---| STARTED |<---| INIT |<-/
+------------+ +=========+ +======+
(Transient) | (1) \- (start tracker)
V
+-----------+ +-------+ rcv CONNECT
(Transient) | TERMINATE | | START | --------------- (1)
+-----------+ +-------+ strt init timer
rcv FIND (B) ^ |
rcv STAT_REPORT (B) | |
on registration error (B)| v
on action error (A) | +------------+
---------------- +<--| PEER | (Transient)
stop init timer | | REGISTERED |
snd error | +------------+
| |
on timeout (D) | | process swarm actions
---------------- | | --------------------- (2)
stop track timer | | snd OK (PeerList)
clean peer info | / stop init timer
del registration | / strt track timer
| /
| |
| | rcv FIND
STAT_REPORT ERR(C) \ | ---- --------------- (3)
FIND ERR(C) ---- \ | / \ snd OK (PeerList)
CONNECT ERR(C) / \ | | | | rst track timer
rcv CONNECT | (4) | | | | |
----------- | v | v v | rcv STAT_REPORT
snd OK \ +==============+ / --------------- (3)
rst track timer ----| TRACKING |---- snd OK response
snd error (C) +==============+ rst track timer
+--------+ +---------+
| Peer | | Tracker |
+--------+ +---------+
| |
|--CONNECT--------------------->|
|<--------------------------OK--|
|--JOIN(swarm_a;SEEDER)---------->|
|<--------------------------OK--|
: :
|--STAT_REPORT(activity)------->|
|<--------------------------Ok--|
: :
|--JOIN(swarm_b;LEECH)--------->|
|<-----------------OK+PeerList--|
: :
|--STAT_REPORT(ChunkMap_b)----->|
|<--------------------------Ok--|
: :
|--DISCONNECT(swarm_b)--------->|
|<--------------------------Ok--|
: :
|--STAT_REPORT(activity)------->|
|<--------------------------Ok--|
: :
|--DISCONNECT------------------>|
|<---------------------Ok(BYE)--|
+----------------------------+
| TCP/UDP |
Session-to-IP +---->| |
Address Binding | +----------------------------+
+---->| IP |
IP Address +---->| |
Binding | +----------------------------+
+---->| Logical Interface |
Logical-to- +---->| IPv4/IPv6 Address |
Physical | +----------------------------+
Interface +---->| L2 | L2 | | L2 |
Binding |(IF#1)|(IF#2)| ..... |(IF#n)|
+------+------+ +------+
| L1 | L1 | | L1 |
| | | | |
+------+------+ +------+
Peer A Peer B Peer C Peer D
| | | |
|(1). PingReq | | |
|------------------->|(2). PingReq | |
| |------------------->|(3). PingReq |
| | |------------------->|
| | | |
| | |<-------------------|
| |<-------------------|(4). PingAns |
|<-------------------|(5). PingAns | |
|(6). PingAns | | |
| | | |
Peer-A Peer-B Peer-C Peer-D
| | | |
|(1).PathTrackReq | | |
|------------------->| | |
|(2).PathTrackAns | | |
|<-------------------| | |
| |(3).PathTrackReq | |
|--------------------|------------------->| |
| |(4).PathTrackAns | |
|<-------------------|--------------------| |
| | |(5).PathTrackReq |
|--------------------|--------------------|------------------->|
| | |(6).PathTrackAns |
|<-------------------|--------------------|--------------------|
| | | |
+--------------+------------------------------------------+
| Name | Description |
+--------------+------------------------------------------+
| wireless | Wireless Telephone Service: Includes |
| | CDMA, GSM, Wi-Fi, WiMAX, and LTE |
| | (but not satellite) |
| | |
| coin | Fixed public pay/coin telephones: Any |
| | device operated by coin or credit card |
| | |
| one-way | One-way outbound service |
| | |
| temp | Soft dial tone/quick service/warm |
| | disconnect/suspended |
| | |
| MLTS-hosted | Hosted multi-line telephone system |
| | such as Centrex |
| | |
| MLTS-local | Local multi-line telephone system, |
| | including all PBXs, key systems, and |
| | Shared Tenant Services |
| | |
| sensor- | These are devices that generate DATA |
| unattended | ONLY. This is a one-way information |
| | transmit without interactive media. |
| | |
| sensor- | Devices that are supported by a |
| attended | monitoring service provider or that |
| | are capable of supporting interactive |
| | media |
| | |
| POTS | Wireline: Plain Old Telephone Service |
| | |
| OTT | An over-the-top service that provides |
| | communication over arbitrary Internet |
| | access (fixed, nomadic, mobile) |
| | |
| digital | Wireline non-OTT digital phone service |
| | |
| OPX | Off-premise extension |
| | |
| relay | A service where a human third-party |
| | agent provides additional assistance. |
| | This includes sign language relay/ |
| | interpretation, telematics services |
| | that provide a human on the call, |
| | and similar services. |
+--------------+------------------------------------------+
O +----+ [============] [=============]
/|\ | UA | [ Access ] [ VoIP ]
| +----+ [ Network ] [ Provider ]
/ \ [ Provider ] [ example.org ]
[ ] [ ]
(1) [ ] (2) [ ]
Emergency Call [ ] Emergency Call [ ]
------------------------------------------------------> ]
+Device Info [ ] +Device Info [ ]
+Data Prov. Info [ ^ ] +Data Provider Info [ | ]
+Location URI [=======.====] +Location URI [====|========]
. |
. |
+Location . [==============] |
+Owner/Subscriber Info . [ ] (3) |
+Device Info . (4) [ <------------+
+Data Provider Info #3 ..........> ] Emergency Call
[ ] +Device Info
[ PSAP ] +Data Prov. Info #2
[ ] +Location URI
[==============]
Edge Router A
/ \
/ \
/ \ Agg Region A
/ \
/ \
C1A----------C2A
| \ | \
| \ | \
| C1B----------C2B
Plane1 | | | | Plane2
| | | |
C1C--|-----C2C |
\ | \ |
\ | \ |
C1Z----------C2Z
\ /
\ / Agg Region Z
\ /
\ /
Edge Router Z
+------+
| |
+---D F
+---------+ / | AS2 |\ +------+
| |/ +------+ \| Z |
A C | |
| |\ +------+ /| AS4 |
B AS1 | \ | |/ +------+
| | +---E G
+---------+ | AS3 |
+------+\
+----------------------------+
| |
V |
+------+ Client |
|CLOSED|-----SYN------+ |
+------+ | |
^ | |
|TCP_TRANS T.O. | |
| V |
+-------+ +-------+ |
| TRANS | | INIT | |
+-------+ +-------+ |
| ^ | |
data pkt | | |
| Server/Client RST | |
| TCP_EST T.O. | |
V | Server SYN |
+--------------+ | |
| ESTABLISHED |<---------+ |
+--------------+ |
| | |
Client FIN Server FIN |
| | |
V V |
+---------+ +----------+ |
| C FIN | | S FIN | |
| RCV | | RCV | |
+---------+ +----------+ |
| | |
Server FIN Client FIN TCP_TRANS
| | T.O.
V V |
+----------------------+ |
| C FIN + S FIN RCV |-----------------+
+----------------------+
Legend:
* Messages sent or received from the server are
prefixed with "Server".
* Messages sent or received from the client are
prefixed with "Client".
* "C" means "Client-side".
* "S" means "Server-side".
* TCP_EST T.O. refers to the established connection
idle-timeout as defined in [RFC5382].
* TCP_TRANS T.O. refers to the transitory connection
idle-timeout as defined in [RFC5382].
Client Server
+ +
| |
|--- OPEN ---------------------------->| Client opens
|<------------------------------------/| the source file
| |
|--- OPEN ---------------------------->| Client opens
|<------------------------------------/| the destination file
| |
|--- COPY ---------------------------->| Client requests
|<------------------------------------/| a file copy
| |
|--- CLOSE --------------------------->| Client closes
|<------------------------------------/| the destination file
| |
|--- CLOSE --------------------------->| Client closes
|<------------------------------------/| the source file
| |
| |
Client Server
+ +
| |
|--- OPEN ---------------------------->| Client opens
|<------------------------------------/| the source file
| |
|--- OPEN ---------------------------->| Client opens
|<------------------------------------/| the destination file
| |
|--- COPY ---------------------------->| Client requests
|<------------------------------------/| a file copy
| |
| |
|--- OFFLOAD_STATUS ------------------>| Client may poll
|<------------------------------------/| for status
| |
| . | Multiple OFFLOAD_STATUS
| . | operations may be sent
| . |
| |
|<-- CB_OFFLOAD -----------------------| Server reports results
|\------------------------------------>|
| |
|--- CLOSE --------------------------->| Client closes
|<------------------------------------/| the destination file
| |
|--- CLOSE --------------------------->| Client closes
|<------------------------------------/| the source file
| |
| |
192.0.2.0/24
+-------------------------------------+
| |
| |
| 192.0.2.18 | 192.0.2.56
+-------+------+ +------+------+
| Source | | Destination |
+-------+------+ +------+------+
| 203.0.113.18 | 203.0.113.56
| |
| |
| 203.0.113.0/24 |
+------------------+------------------+
|
|
| 203.0.113.243
+-----+-----+
| Client |
+-----------+
Client Source Destination
+ + +
| | |
|--- OPEN --->| | Returns
|<------------------/| | open state os1
| | |
|--- COPY_NOTIFY --->| |
|<------------------/| |
| | |
|--- OPEN ---------------------------->| Returns
|<------------------------------------/| open state os2
| | |
|--- COPY ---------------------------->|
| | |
| | |
| |<----- READ -----|
| |\--------------->|
| | |
| | . | Multiple READs may
| | . | be necessary
| | . |
| | |
| | |
|<------------------------------------/| Destination replies
| | | to COPY
| | |
|--- CLOSE --------------------------->| Release os2
|<------------------------------------/|
| | |
|--- CLOSE --->| | Release os1
|<------------------/| |
Client Source Destination
+ + +
| | |
|--- OPEN --->| | Returns
|<------------------/| | open state os1
| | |
|--- LOCK --->| | Optional; could be done
|<------------------/| | with a share lock
| | |
|--- COPY_NOTIFY --->| | Need to pass in
|<------------------/| | os1 or lock state
| | |
| | |
| | |
|--- OPEN ---------------------------->| Returns
|<------------------------------------/| open state os2
| | |
|--- LOCK ---------------------------->| Optional ...
|<------------------------------------/|
| | |
|--- COPY ---------------------------->| Need to pass in
|<------------------------------------/| os2 or lock state
| | |
| | |
| |<----- READ -----|
| |\--------------->|
| | |
| | . | Multiple READs may
| | . | be necessary
| | . |
| | |
| | |
|--- OFFLOAD_STATUS ------------------>| Client may poll
|<------------------------------------/| for status
| | |
| | . | Multiple OFFLOAD_STATUS
| | . | operations may be sent
| | . |
| | |
| | |
| | |
|<-- CB_OFFLOAD -----------------------| Destination reports
|\------------------------------------>| results
| | |
|--- LOCKU --------------------------->| Only if LOCK was done
|<------------------------------------/|
| | |
|--- CLOSE --------------------------->| Release os2
|<------------------------------------/|
| | |
|--- LOCKU --->| | Only if LOCK was done
|<------------------/| |
| | |
|--- CLOSE --->| | Release os1
|<------------------/| |
| | |
| | NFS4ERR_SERVERFAULT, NFS4ERR_STALE, |
| | NFS4ERR_SYMLINK, NFS4ERR_TOO_MANY_OPS, |
| | NFS4ERR_UNION_NOTSUPP, NFS4ERR_WRONG_TYPE |
+----------------+--------------------------------------------------+
| WRITE_SAME | NFS4ERR_ACCESS, NFS4ERR_ADMIN_REVOKED, |
| | NFS4ERR_BADXDR, NFS4ERR_BAD_STATEID, |
| | NFS4ERR_DEADSESSION, NFS4ERR_DELAY, |
| | NFS4ERR_DELEG_REVOKED, NFS4ERR_DQUOT, |
| | NFS4ERR_EXPIRED, NFS4ERR_FBIG, |
| | NFS4ERR_FHEXPIRED, NFS4ERR_GRACE, NFS4ERR_INVAL, |
| | NFS4ERR_IO, NFS4ERR_ISDIR, NFS4ERR_LOCKED, |
| | NFS4ERR_MOVED, NFS4ERR_NOFILEHANDLE, |
| | NFS4ERR_NOSPC, NFS4ERR_NOTSUPP, |
| | NFS4ERR_OLD_STATEID, NFS4ERR_OPENMODE, |
| | NFS4ERR_OP_NOT_IN_SESSION, NFS4ERR_PNFS_IO_HOLE, |
| | NFS4ERR_PNFS_NO_LAYOUT, NFS4ERR_REP_TOO_BIG, |
| | NFS4ERR_REP_TOO_BIG_TO_CACHE, |
| | NFS4ERR_REQ_TOO_BIG, NFS4ERR_RETRY_UNCACHED_REP, |
| | NFS4ERR_ROFS, NFS4ERR_SERVERFAULT, |
| | NFS4ERR_STALE, NFS4ERR_SYMLINK, |
| | NFS4ERR_TOO_MANY_OPS, NFS4ERR_WRONG_TYPE |
+----------------+--------------------------------------------------+
+----------------------+--------------------+-----------------------+
| Operation | REQ, REC, OPT, or | Feature (REQ, REC, or |
| | MNI | OPT) |
+----------------------+--------------------+-----------------------+
| ACCESS | REQ | |
| ALLOCATE | OPT | |
| BACKCHANNEL_CTL | REQ | |
| BIND_CONN_TO_SESSION | REQ | |
| CLONE | OPT | |
| CLOSE | REQ | |
| COMMIT | REQ | |
| COPY | OPT | COPYer (REQ), COPYra |
| | | (REQ) |
| COPY_NOTIFY | OPT | COPYer (REQ) |
| CREATE | REQ | |
| CREATE_SESSION | REQ | |
| DEALLOCATE | OPT | |
| DELEGPURGE | OPT | FDELG (REQ) |
| DELEGRETURN | OPT | FDELG, DDELG, pNFS |
| | | (REQ) |
| DESTROY_CLIENTID | REQ | |
| DESTROY_SESSION | REQ | |
| EXCHANGE_ID | REQ | |
| FREE_STATEID | REQ | |
| GETATTR | REQ | |
| GETDEVICEINFO | OPT | pNFS (REQ) |
| GETDEVICELIST | MNI | pNFS (MNI) |
| GETFH | REQ | |
| GET_DIR_DELEGATION | OPT | DDELG (REQ) |
| ILLEGAL | REQ | |
| IO_ADVISE | OPT | |
| LAYOUTCOMMIT | OPT | pNFS (REQ) |
| LAYOUTERROR | OPT | pNFS (OPT) |
| LAYOUTGET | OPT | pNFS (REQ) |
| LAYOUTRETURN | OPT | pNFS (REQ) |
| LAYOUTSTATS | OPT | pNFS (OPT) |
| LINK | OPT | |
| LOCK | REQ | |
| LOCKT | REQ | |
| LOCKU | REQ | |
| LOOKUP | REQ | |
| LOOKUPP | REQ | |
| NVERIFY | REQ | |
| OFFLOAD_CANCEL | OPT | COPYer (OPT), COPYra |
| | | (OPT) |
| OFFLOAD_STATUS | OPT | COPYer (OPT), COPYra |
| | | (OPT) |
| OPEN | REQ | |
| OPENATTR | OPT | |
| OPEN_CONFIRM | MNI | |
| OPEN_DOWNGRADE | REQ | |
| PUTFH | REQ | |
| PUTPUBFH | REQ | |
| PUTROOTFH | REQ | |
| READ | REQ | |
| READDIR | REQ | |
| READLINK | OPT | |
| READ_PLUS | OPT | |
| RECLAIM_COMPLETE | REQ | |
| RELEASE_LOCKOWNER | MNI | |
| REMOVE | REQ | |
| RENAME | REQ | |
| RENEW | MNI | |
| RESTOREFH | REQ | |
| SAVEFH | REQ | |
| SECINFO | REQ | |
| SECINFO_NO_NAME | REC | pNFS file layout |
| | | (REQ) |
| SEEK | OPT | |
| SEQUENCE | REQ | |
| SETATTR | REQ | |
| SETCLIENTID | MNI | |
| SETCLIENTID_CONFIRM | MNI | |
| SET_SSV | REQ | |
| TEST_STATEID | REQ | |
| VERIFY | REQ | |
| WANT_DELEGATION | OPT | FDELG (OPT) |
| WRITE | REQ | |
| WRITE_SAME | OPT | ADB (REQ) |
+----------------------+--------------------+-----------------------+
Client Server
+ +
| |
|--- OPEN ---------------------------->| Client opens
|<------------------------------------/| the file
| |
|--- WRITE_SAME ---------------------->| Client initializes
|<------------------------------------/| an ADB
| |
| |
|--- OFFLOAD_STATUS ------------------>| Client may poll
|<------------------------------------/| for status
| |
| . | Multiple OFFLOAD_STATUS
| . | operations may be sent.
| . |
| |
|<-- CB_OFFLOAD -----------------------| Server reports results
|\------------------------------------>|
| |
|--- CLOSE --------------------------->| Client closes
|<------------------------------------/| the file
| |
| |
LMA Binding Cache
+---+ ========================
|LMA| MN1, ATT1, pref1, MAG1
+---+ MN1, ATT2, pref1, MAG2
//\\
+---------//--\\-------------+
( // \\ ) PMIPv6 domain
( // \\ )
+------//--------\\----------+
// \\
// \\
+----+ +----+
|MAG1| |MAG2|
+----+ +----+
| |
| +-------+ |
| | I P | |
| +---+---+ |
|---|if1|if2|----|
+---+---+
MN1
+-----+ +------+ +------+ +-----+
Internet | LMA | | MAG1 | | MAG2 | | MN1 |
+-----+ +------+ +------+ +-----+
| | | | |
| flow X to | flow X to | flow X to |
| pref1::mn1 | pref1::mn1 | pref1::mn1 |
|<----------->|<------------->|<-------------------------->if1
| flow Y to | flow Y to | flow Y to |
| pref1::mn1 | pref1::mn1 | pref1::mn1 |
|<----------->|<----------------------------->|<---------->if2
| | | | |
| ============ | | ============
| || flow || | | || flow ||
| || policy || | | || policy ||
| || update || | | || update ||
| ============ | | ============
| | | | |
| flow Y to | flow Y to | flow Y to |
| pref1::mn1 | pref1::mn1 | pref1::mn1 |
|<----------->|<------------->|<-------------------------->if1
| | | | |
LMA Binding Cache LMA flowmob state
(BID, MN-ID, ATT, HNP, PCoA) (BID, TS)
+---+ =========================== ===================
|LMA| 1, MN1, ATT1, pref1, MAG1 1, flow X
+---+ 2, MN1, ATT2, pref1, MAG2 1, flow Y
//\\
+---------//--\\-------------+
( // \\ ) PMIPv6 domain
( // \\ )
+------//--------\\----------+
// \\
// \\ MAG1 routing state
+----+ +----+ ================================
|MAG1| |MAG2| (dest) (next hop)
+----+ +----+ pref1::/64 p2p-iface-with-MN1
| | ::/0 LMA
| |
| | MAG2 routing state
| +-------+ | ================================
| | I P | | (dest) (next hop)
| +---+---+ | pref1::/64 p2p-iface-with-MN1
|---|if1|if2|----| ::/0 LMA
+---+---+
MN1
+-----+ +------+ +------+ +-----+
Internet | LMA | | MAG1 | | MAG2 | | MN1 |
+-----+ +------+ +------+ +-----+
| | | | |
| flow X to | flow X to | flow X to |
| pref1::mn1 | pref1::mn1 | pref1::mn1 |
|<----------->|<------------->|<-------------------------->if1
| flow Y to | flow Y to | flow Y to |
| pref2::mn1 | pref2::mn1 | pref2::mn1 |
|<----------->|<----------------------------->|<---------->if2
| | | | |
| ============ | | ============
| || flow || | | || flow ||
| || policy || | | || policy ||
| || update || | | || update ||
| ============ | | ============
| | | | |
| | FMI[MN1-ID, HNPs] | |
| |-------------->| | |
| | FMA | | |
| |<--------------| | |
| flow Y to | flow Y to | flow Y to |
| pref2::mn1 | pref2::mn1 | pref2::mn1 |
|<----------->|<------------->|<-------------------------->if1
| | | | |
LMA Binding Cache LMA flowmob state
(BID, MN-ID, ATT, HNP, PCoA) (BID, TS)
+---+ ============================ ===================
|LMA| 1, MN1, ATT1, pref1, 1, flow X
+---+ pref2, MAG1 1, flow Y
//\\ 2, MN1, ATT2, pref2, MAG2
+---------//--\\-------------+
( // \\ ) PMIPv6 domain
( // \\ )
+------//--------\\----------+
// \\
// \\ MAG1 routing state
+----+ +----+ ================================
|MAG1| |MAG2| (dest) (next hop)
+----+ +----+ pref1::/64 p2p-iface-with-MN1
| | pref2::/64 p2p-iface-with-MN1
| | ::/0 LMA
| |
| +-------+ | MAG2 routing state
| | I P | | ================================
| +---+---+ | (dest) (next hop)
|---|if1|if2|----| pref2::/64 p2p-iface-with-MN1
+---+---+ ::/0 LMA
MN1
Participant
| 0..* 1..* |
receives| |sends
| 0..* 0..* |
+-------------------------+
| Media Stream |
0..1 0..* +-------------------------+
Communication ------------| |
Session | label |
| content-type |
| stream_id |
| session_id |
+-------------------------+
0..* |
|
|
1..* |
Recording Session
UA A/SRC UA B SRS
|(1) CS INVITE | |
|---------------------->| |
| (2) 200 OK | |
|<----------------------| |
| | |
|(3) RS INVITE with SDP | |
|--------------------------------------------->|
| | (4) 200 OK with SDP |
|<---------------------------------------------|
|(5) CS RTP | |
|======================>| |
|<======================| |
|(6) RS RTP | |
|=============================================>|
|=============================================>|
| | |
|(7) CS BYE | |
|---------------------->| |
|(8) RS BYE | |
|--------------------------------------------->|
| | |
UA A SRC UA B SRS
|(1) CS INVITE | | |
|------------->| | |
| |(2) CS INVITE | |
| |---------------------->| |
| | (3) 200 OK | |
| |<----------------------| |
| (4) 200 OK | | |
|<-------------| | |
| |(5) RS INVITE with SDP | |
| |--------------------------------------------->|
| | | (6) 200 OK with SDP |
| |<---------------------------------------------|
|(7) CS RTP | | |
|=============>|======================>| |
|<=============|<======================| |
| |(8) RS RTP | |
| |=============================================>|
| |=============================================>|
|(9) CS BYE | | |
|------------->| | |
| |(10) CS BYE | |
| |---------------------->| |
| |(11) RS BYE | |
| |--------------------------------------------->|
| | | |
SRC SRS
| |
|(1) INVITE (metadata snapshot 1) |
|---------------------------------------------------->|
| (2) 200 OK |
|<----------------------------------------------------|
|(3) ACK |
|---------------------------------------------------->|
|(4) RTP |
|====================================================>|
|====================================================>|
|(5) UPDATE (metadata update 1) |
|---------------------------------------------------->|
| (6) 200 OK |
|<----------------------------------------------------|
|(7) UPDATE (metadata update 2) |
|---------------------------------------------------->|
| (8) 200 OK |
|<----------------------------------------------------|
| (9) UPDATE (metadata snapshot request) |
|<----------------------------------------------------|
| (10) 200 OK |
|---------------------------------------------------->|
| (11) INVITE (metadata snapshot 2 + SDP offer) |
|---------------------------------------------------->|
| (12) 200 OK (SDP answer) |
|<----------------------------------------------------|
| (13) UPDATE (metadata update 1 based on snapshot 2) |
|---------------------------------------------------->|
| (14) 200 OK |
|<----------------------------------------------------|
UA A UA B
(SRC) |
| |
| [SRC recording starts] |
|(1) INVITE (SDP offer + a=record:on) |
|---------------------------------------------------->|
| (2) 200 OK (SDP answer) |
|<----------------------------------------------------|
|(3) ACK |
|---------------------------------------------------->|
|(4) RTP |
|<===================================================>|
| |
| [UA B wants to set preference to no recording] |
| (5) INVITE (SDP offer + a=recordpref:off) |
|<----------------------------------------------------|
| [SRC honors the preference and stops recording] |
|(6) 200 OK (SDP answer + a=record:off) |
|---------------------------------------------------->|
| (7) ACK |
|<----------------------------------------------------|
SRC SRS
| |
|(1) INVITE (SDP offer) |
|---------------------------------------------------->|
| [not ready to record]
| (2) 200 OK with SDP inactive |
|<----------------------------------------------------|
|(3) ACK |
|---------------------------------------------------->|
| ... |
| [ready to record]
| (4) re-INVITE with SDP recvonly |
|<----------------------------------------------------|
|(5) 200 OK with SDP sendonly |
|---------------------------------------------------->|
| (6) ACK |
|<----------------------------------------------------|
|(7) RTP |
|====================================================>|
| ... |
|(8) BYE |
|---------------------------------------------------->|
| (9) OK |
|<----------------------------------------------------|
(Recording Session) +---------+
+------------SIP------->| |
| +------RTP/RTCP----->| SRS |
| | +-- Metadata -->| |
| | | +---------+
v v |
+---------+
| SRC |
|---------| (Communication Session) +---------+
| |<----------SIP---------->| |
| UA-A | | UA-B |
| |<-------RTP/RTCP-------->| |
+---------+ +---------+
SSRC Sa +---------+
+-------CSRC Aa,Ba--->| |
| | |
| SSRC Sv | SRS |
| +---CSRC Av,Bv--->| |
| | +---------+
| |
+----------+
+---------+ | SRC | +---------+
| |---SSRC Aa-->|(CNAME-S, |<--SSRC Ba---| |
| UA-A | | CNAME-A, | | UA-B |
|(CNAME-A)|---SSRC Av-->| CNAME-B) |<--SSRC Bv---|(CNAME-B)|
+---------+ +----------+ +---------+
+------------+ +-----------+
| \ / |
| \ / |
| +=================================+ |
| | | |
|(1)| Passive |(2)|
+-->| |<--+
+=================================+
^ | ^ ^ ^ |
(14)| |(15)| |(13)| |
| (4)| |(16)| | (3)|
| | | | | +------------+
| | | | | \
+-------+ + + | +-------------+ \
/ / / | \ \
/ / / +----+ \ \
| | | | | |
| v | | | v
+==========+(11) +==========+ +==========+(12) +==========+
| Active |---->| Active |(5) | Active |---->| Active |
| | (9)| |---->| | (10)| |
| oij=0 |<----| oij=1 | | oij=2 |<----| oij=3 |
+--| | +--| | +--| | +--| |
| +==========+ | +==========+ | +==========+ | +==========+
| ^ |(5) | ^ | ^ ^ | ^
| | +-----|------|---------|----+ | | |
+------+ +------+ +---------+ +---------+
(6,7,8) (6,7,8) (6,7,8) (6,7,8)
N N
| |
(1)A ---<--- B(2) A ------- B Q
| | | | |^ ^
^ ^ ^ | v| |
| | | | | |
(2)D C(3) D C ACK R
An Example UPDATE Exchange
<----------------
UPDATE (multicast)
A receives packet SEQ=100, ACK=0
Add packet to A's retransmit list
---------------->
ACK (unicast)
SEQ=0, ACK=100 Receive ACK
Process UPDATE Delete packet from A's retransmit list
An Example QUERY Exchange
<----------------
QUERY (multicast)
A receives packet SEQ=101, ACK=0
Process QUERY Add packet to A's retransmit list
---------------->
REPLY (unicast)
SEQ=201, ACK=101 Process ACK
Delete packet from A's retransmit
list
Process REPLY packet
<----------------
ACK (unicast)
A receives packet SEQ=0, ACK=201
Router A Router B
<----------------
UPDATE (multicast)
A receives packet SEQ=100, ACK=0
Add packet to A's retransmit list
---------------->
ACK (unicast)
SEQ=0, ACK=100 Receive ACK
Process UPDATE Delete packet from A's retransmit list
Retransmit Timer Expires
<----------------
Retransmit UPDATE (unicast)
SEQ=101, ACK=0
Keep packet on A's retransmit list
---------------->
ACK (unicast)
SEQ=0, ACK=101 Receive ACK
Process UPDATE Delete packet from A's retransmit list
Router B -----------+
|
Router C -----------+------------ Router A
|
Router D -----------+
An Example UPDATE Exchange
<----------------
A send UPDATE (multicast)
SEQ=100, ACK=0
Add packet to B's retransmit list
Add packet to C's retransmit list
Add packet to D's retransmit list
---------------->
B sends ACK (unicast)
SEQ=0, ACK=100 Receive ACK
Process UPDATE Delete packet from B's retransmit list
---------------->
B sends REPLY (unicast) <----------------
SEQ=511, ACK=101 A sends ACK (unicast to B)
Process UPDATE SEQ=0, ACK=511
Delete packet from B's retransmit list
---------------->
C sends REPLY (unicast) <----------------
SEQ=200, ACK=101 A sends ACK (unicast to C)
Process UPDATE SEQ=0, ACK=200
Delete packet from C's retransmit list
---------------->
D sends REPLY (unicast) <----------------
SEQ=11, ACK=101 A sends ACK (unicast to D)
Process UPDATE SEQ=0, ACK=11
Delete packet from D's retransmit list
Router B -----------+
|
Router C -----------+------------ Router A
|
Router D -----------+
<----------------
A sends UPDATE (multicast)
SEQ=100, ACK=0
---------------/LOST/-> Add packet to B's retransmit list
B sends ACK (unicast) Add packet to C's retransmit list
SEQ=0, ACK=100 Add packet to D's retransmit list
---------------->
D sends ACK (unicast)
SEQ=0, ACK=100 Delete packet from D's retransmit list
<----------------
A sends HELLO (multicast)
SEQ=0, ACK=0, SEQ_TLV listing B
<----------------
A sends UPDATE (multicast)
SEQ=101, ACK=0, CR-Flag=1
---------------/LOST/-> Add packet to B's retransmit list
B sends ACK (unicast) Add packet to C's retransmit list
SEQ=0, ACK=100 Add packet to D's retransmit list
SEQ=0, ACK=101
<----------------
A resends UPDATE (unicast to B)
SEQ=100, ACK=0
B packet duplicate
--------------->
B sends ACK (unicast) A removes packet from retransmit list
SEQ=0, ACK=100
<----------------
A resends UPDATE (unicast to B)
SEQ=101, ACK=0
(1)---------------->
HELLO (multicast) <---------------- (2)
SEQ=0, ACK=0 HELLO (multicast)
SEQ=0, ACK=0
<---------------- (3)
UPDATE (unicast)
SEQ=10, ACK=0, INIT
(4)----------------> UPDATE 11 is queued
UPDATE (unicast)
SEQ=100, ACK=10, INIT <---------------- (5)
UPDATE (unicast)
SEQ=11, ACK=100
All UPDATES sent
(6)--------------/lost/->
ACK (unicast)
SEQ=0, ACK=11
(5 seconds later)
<---------------- (7)
Duplicate received, UPDATE (unicast)
packet discarded SEQ=11, ACK=100
(8)--------------->
ACK (unicast)
SEQ=0, ACK=11
*--------* *------------* *------------*
| | (1) Client | | (3) Registry | |
| Client | ------------> | Registry |<------------->| Registry |
| | to Registry | | to Registry | |
*--------* *------------* *------------*
/ \ \
/ \ \
/ \ \
/ \ v
/ \ ...
/ \
/ (2) Distrib \
/ Registry data \
/ to local data \
V store V
+----------+ +----------+
|Local Data| |Local Data|
|Repository| |Repository|
+----------+ +----------+
+-------+ +-------------------+ +-----+
| Alice | | Media-Relay B2BUA | | Bob |
+-------+ +-------------------+ +-----+
|(1) INVITE | (3) INVITE |
| a=setup:actpass | a=setup:actpass |
| a=fingerprint1 | a=fingerprint1 |
| (Alice's IP/port) | (B2BUAs IP/port) |
|------------------------>|-------------------------->|
| | |
| (2) 100 trying | |
|<------------------------| |
| | (4) 100 trying |
| |<--------------------------|
| | |
| | (5) 200 OK |
| | a=setup:active |
| | a=fingerprint2 |
| | (Bob's IP/port) |
|<------------------------|<--------------------------|
| (6) 200 OK | |
| a=setup:active | |
| a=fingerprint2 | |
| B2BUAs IP/port | |
| (7, 8) ClientHello + use_srtp |
|<----------------------------------------------------|
|(B2BUA changes transport(UDP/TCP) and IP header) |
| | |
| | |
| (9,10) ServerHello + use_srtp |
|---------------------------------------------------->|
|(B2BUA changes transport(UDP/TCP) and IP header) |
| | |
| | |
| (11) | |
| [Certificate exchange between Alice and Bob over |
| DTLS ] | |
| | |
| (12) | |
|<---------SRTP/SRTCP-----------SRTP/SRTCP----------->|
| [B2BUA changes transport(UDP/TCP) and IP headers] |
Bob (192.0.2.1:6666)
/
/
/ DTLS-SRTP=XXX
/
/
DTLS-SRTP=XXX v
<-----------> (192.0.2.3:7777)
Alice (192.0.2.0:5555) B2BUA
<-----------> (192.0.2.3:8888)
DTLS-SRTP=YYY ^
\
\ DTLS-SRTP=YYY
\
\
\
Charlie (192.0.2.2:6666)
+---------------------+ +------------------------+
| Initiator | | Responder |
| +-----------------+ | | +-----------------+ |
| | SBFDInitiator |---S-BFD Ctrl pkt----->| SBFDReflector | |
| | +-------------+ |<--S-BFD Ctrl pkt------| +-------------+ | |
| | | BFD Discrim | | | | | |S-BFD Discrim| | |
| | | | |---S-BFD Echo pkt---+ | | | | |
| | +-------------+ | | | | | +----------^--+ | |
| +-----------------+<-------------------+ +------------|----+ |
| | | | |
| | | +---v----+ |
| | | | Entity | |
| | | +--------+ |
+---------------------+ +------------------------+
+---------+
| |
A---------B---------C---------D
^ ^
| |
System-ID System-ID
xxx yyy
BFD Discrim BFD Discrim
123 456
+--- md=50/yd=XX (ping) ----+
| |
|+-- md=XX/yd=50 (pong) --+ |
|| | |
|v | v
R1 ==================== R2[*] ========= R3 ========= R4
| ^ |^
| | ||
| +-- md=60/yd=XX (ping) --+|
| |
+---- md=XX/yd=60 (pong) ---+
+--+
ADMIN DOWN, | |
TIMER | V
+------+ UP +------+
| |-------------------->| |----+
| DOWN | | UP | | UP
| |<--------------------| |<---+
+------+ ADMIN DOWN, +------+
TIMER
Node A (IP 2001:db8::1) ----------------- Node B (IP 2001:db8::2)
|
|
Man in the Middle (MITM)
No. of octets
+-----------------------------+
| Discriminator Value(s) | 4/Discriminator
: :
+-----------------------------+
Peer B Peer Z Peer A
| | |
| | Store(U@A)|
| |<------------------|
| |Store-Resp(OK) |
| |------------------>|
| | |
|Fetch(U) | |
|------------------->| |
| Fetch-Resp(U@A)| |
|<-------------------| |
| | |
(RELOAD IS USED TO ESTABLISH CONNECTION)
| | |
| SIP INVITE(To:U) | |
|--------------------------------------->|
| | |
__________________________
| |
| SIP, other apps... |
| ___________________|
| | RELOAD Layer |
|______|___________________|
| Transport Layer |
|__________________________|
[S]---(R1)--(R2)---(R3)--(R4)---[R]
<--- | | ---
| | | |
| (R5)---(R6) |
- (S,G) Join -
| |
| |
(R7)---(R8)
----------------- -----------------
| | | |
| +--+ | | +--+ |
| +--+ | | | | | | |
| | | +--+ | | +--+ +--+ |
| +--+ | | | | |
| | | +--+ |
| +--+ | | |
| | | | | +--+ |
| +--+ | | | | |
| | -------------------------- | +--+ |
| +--+ +--+ |
| | | +--+ | | |
|Area 2 +--+ | | +--+ Area 4 |
----------------- | +--+ | -----------------
| |
| +--+ |
| +--+ | | |
| | | +--+ |
| +--+ |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| +--+ |
| | | |
| +--+ |
----------------- | | ------------------
| +--+ +--+ |
| | | | | |
| +--+ Area 0 +--+ |
| | -------------------------- | +--+ |
| +--+ | | | | |
| | | | | +--+ |
| +--+ +--+ | | |
| | | | | +--+ |
| +--+ | | | | |
| | | +--+ |
| +--+ | | |
| | | | | +--+ |
| +--+ | | | | |
| | | +--+ |
| | | |
| Area 1 | | Area 5 |
----------------- ------------------
+---------+ +---------+ +---------+
|IRO | |Sub- | |Sub- |
|Object | |object | |object |
|Header | |Area 0 | |Area 4 |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
+---------+ +---------+ +---------+
+---------+ +---------+ +---------+ +---------+
|IRO | |Sub- | |Sub- | |Sub- |
|Object | |object | |object | |object |
|Header | |Area 2 | |Area 0 | |Area 4 |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
+---------+ +---------+ +---------+ +---------+
+---------+ +---------+ +---------+ +---------+ +---------+
|IRO | |Sub- | |Sub- | |Sub- | |Sub- |
|Object | |object AS| |object | |object | |object |
|Header | |100 | |Area 2 | |Area 0 | |Area 4 |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | |
+---------+ +---------+ +---------+ +---------+ +---------+
A4----------E1---E2---E3---------C4
/ / \
/ / \
/ / AS B \
/ / <----------> \
Ingress------A1---A2------B1---B2---B3------C1---C2------Egress
\ / /
\ / /
\ / /
\ / /
A3----------D1---D2---D3---------C3
+-------+ +-------+ +-------+
|IRO | |Sub- | |Sub- |
|Object | |object | |object |
|Header | |AS B | |AS C |
| | | | | |
+-------+ +-------+ +-------+
+-------+ +-------+ +-------+ +-------+
|IRO | |Sub- | |Sub- | |Sub- |
|Object | |object | |object | |object |
|Header | |AS A | |AS B | |AS C |
| | | | | | | |
+-------+ +-------+ +-------+ +-------+
+-------+ +-------+ +-------+ +-------+ +-------+ +-------+ +-------+
|IRO | |Sub- | |Sub- | |Sub- | |Sub- | |Sub- | |Sub- |
|Object | |object | |object | |object | |object | |object | |object |
|Header | |AS A | |Area 0 | |AS B | |Area 0 | |AS C | |Area 0 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
+-------+ +-------+ +-------+ +-------+ +-------+ +-------+ +-------+
+-------+ +-------+
|XRO | |Sub |
|Object | |Object |
|Header | |AS B |
| | | |
+-------+ +-------+
+-------+ +-------+ +-------+ +-------+ +-------+ +-------+
|IRO | |Sub- | |Sub- | |Sub- | |Sub- | |Sub- |
|Object | |object | |object | |object | |object | |object |
|Header | |AS B | |IP | |IP | |AS C | |IP |
| | | | |B1 | |B3 | | | |C1 |
+-------+ +-------+ +-------+ +-------+ +-------+ +-------+
+-------+ +-------+ +-------+ +-------+ +-------+
|IRO | |Sub- | |Sub- | |Sub- | |Sub- |
|Object | |object | |object | |object | |object |
|Header | |AS D | |IP | |IP | |IP |
| | | | |D1 | |D3 | |C3 |
+-------+ +-------+ +-------+ +-------+ +-------+
|
| +-------------+ +----------------+
| |Area 2 | |Area 4 |
| | +--+| | +--+ |
| | | || | | B| |
| | +--+ +--+| | +--+ +--+ |
| | | | | | | | |
| | +--+ | | +--+ |
| | +--+ | | +--+ |
| | | | | | | | |
| | +--+ | | +--+ +--+ |
| | +--+ |+--------------+| | | |
| | | | +--+ +--+ +--+ |
+-------------+| | +--+ | | | | |
| || | +--+ +--+ |
| +--+|| +-------------+| |+----------------+
| | ||| | +--+ |
| +--+|| | | | |
| +--+ || | +--+ |
| | | +---+ +--+ |
| +--+ | |----------------| | |
| +---+ Inter-AS +--+ +--+ |
|+--+ || Links | | | |
||A | +---+ +--+ +--+ |
|+--+ | |----------------| | |
| +---+ +--+ +--+ |
| +--+ || +------------+ | | | |+----------------+
| | | || |Area 3 +--+ +--+ +--+ Area 5 |
| +--+ || | | | | | |
| || | +--+ +--+ |
| +--+|| | +--+ | | Area 0 || +--+ |
| | ||| | | | | +--------------+| | | |
| +--+|| | +--+ | | +--+ |
| || | | | +--+ |
|Area 0 || | +--+ | | +--+ | | |
+-------------+| | | | | | | | +--+ |
| | +--+ +--+ | +--+ |
| | | | | |
| | +--+ | +--+ |
| | +--+ | | | C| |
| | | | | | +--+ |
| | +--+ | | |
| | | | |
| +------------+ +----------------+
|
AS 100 | AS 200
|
Figure 3: Inter-AS Path Computation
+-------+ +-------+ +-------+ +-------+
|IRO | |Sub- | |Sub- | |Sub- |
|Object | |object | |object | |object |
|Header | |AS 200 | |Area 0 | |Area 4 |
| | | | | | | |
+-------+ +-------+ +-------+ +-------+
+-------+ +-------+ +-------+ +-------+ +-------+ +-------+
|IRO | |Sub- | |Sub- | |Sub- | |Sub- | |Sub- |
|Object | |object | |object | |object | |object | |object |
|Header | |AS 100 | |Area 0 | |AS 200 | |Area 0 | |Area 4 |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
+-------+ +-------+ +-------+ +-------+ +-------+ +-------+
+-------+ +-------+ +-------+ +-------+
|IRO | |Sub- | |Sub- | |Sub- |
|Object | |object | |object | |object |
|Header | |AS 200 | |Area 0 | |Area 5 |
| | | | | | | |
+-------+ +-------+ +-------+ +-------+
+-------+ +-------+ +-------+ +-------+ +-------+ +-------+
|IRO | |Sub- | |Sub- | |Sub- | |Sub- | |Sub- |
|Object | |object | |object | |object | |object | |object |
|Header | |AS 100 | |Area 0 | |AS 200 | |Area 0 | |Area 5 |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
+-------+ +-------+ +-------+ +-------+ +-------+ +-------+
+---------+ +---------+ +---------++---------+ +---------+
|IRO | |Sub- | |Sub- ||Sub- | |Sub- |
|Object | |object | |object ||object | |object |
|Header | |Area 2 | |IPv4 ||Area 0 | |Area 4 |
| | | | |203.0. || | | |
| | | | |112.1 || | | |
+---------+ +---------+ +---------++---------+ +---------+
+---------+ +---------+ +---------+ +---------+
|IRO | |Sub- | |Sub- | |Sub- |
|Object | |object AS| |object | |object AS|
|Header | |100 | |IPv4 | |200 |
| | | | |198.51. | | |
| | | | |100.2 | | |
+---------+ +---------+ +---------+ +---------+
+----------------+
| |Domain D1
| R |
| |
| A |
| |
+-B------------C-+
/ \
/ \
/ \
Domain D2 / \ Domain D3
+-------------D--+ +-----E----------+
| | | |
| F | | |
| G | | H |
| | | |
| | | |
+-I--------------+ +-J------------K-+
/\ / \
/ \ / \
/ \ / \
/ \ / \
/ \ / \
/ \ / \
/ Domain D4 \ Domain D5 / Domain D6 \
+-L-------------W+ +------P---------+ +-----------T----+
| | | | | |
| | | Q | | U |
| M O | | S | | |
| | | | | V |
| N | | R | | |
+----------------+ +----------------+ +----------------+
+---------+ +---------+ +---------+ +---------+
|ERO | |Sub- | |Sub- | |Sub- |
|Object | |object | |object | |object |
|Header | |Domain 1 | |Domain 2 | |Domain 3 |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
+---------+ +---------+ +---------+ +---------+
+---------+ +---------+ +---------+
|ERO | |Sub- | |Sub- |
|Object | |object | |object |
|Header | |BN 21 | |Domain 3 |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
+---------+ +---------+ +---------+
D2 Area D
|
|
D1
|
|
********BD1******
* | *
* | * Area C
Area A * | *
* | *
Ingress------A1-----ABF1------B1------BC1------C1------Egress
/ * | *
/ * | *
/ * Area | B *
F1 * | *
/ ********BE1******
/ |
/ |
F2 E1
|
Area F |
E2 Area E
A4----------E1---E2---E3---------C4
/ / \
/ / \
/ / AS B \
/ / <----------> \
Ingress------A1---A2------B1---B2---B3------C1---C2------Egress
\ / /
\ / /
\ / /
\ / /
A3----------D1---D2---D3---------C3
Ingress *
| *
| *
| *
X1 *
\\ *
\ \ *
\ \* Inter-AS
AS 100 \* \ Link
* \ \
* \ \
* \ \
\ \ D2 Area D
AS 200 \ \ |
\ \ |
Inter- \ \ D1
AS \ \ |
Link \ \|
\ ********BD1******
\ * | *
\ * | * Area C
Area A \ * | *
\* | *
A2------A1------AB1------B1------BC1------C1------Egress
* | *
* | *
* | *
* Area | B *
********BE1******
|
|
E1
|
|
E2 Area E
C-S2(A) C-S1 Join(C-S2(A),G)
\ / /
\ / /
+-------+---+ P1: (C-S1,G), (C-S2(A),G) +---+--------+
|VRF A-1| |---------------------------------| |VRF A-2 |
+-------+PE1| |PE2+--------+
|VRF B-1| |---------------------------------| |VRF B-2 |
+-------+---+ P2: (C-S2(B),G) +---+--------+
/ / \
/ / \
C-S2(B) Join(C-S2(B),G) Join(C-S1,G)
C-S2(A2D) C-S1(A2C) Join(C-S2(A2D),G)
\ / /
\ / /
+-------+---+ P1: (C-S1(A2C),G), (C-S2(A2D),G)+---+--------+
|VRF A-1| |---------------------------------| |VRF D-1 |
+-------+PE1| |PE2+--------+
|VRF B-1| |---------------------------------| |VRF C-1 |
+-------+---+ P2: (C-S2(B2C),G) +---+--------+
/ / \
/ / \
C-S2(B2C) / \
Join Join
(C-S2(B2C),G) (C-S1(A2C),G)
1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-------------------------------+-------------------------------+
! OPTION-CODE ! OPTION-LENGTH !
+-------------------------------+-------------------------------+
~ Closest Trust Point (FQDN) ~
+---------------------------------------------------------------+
<------------------ ICE Checks ----------------->
INVITE ----------------------------------------->
<--------------------------------------------- OK
ACK -------------------------------------------->
<------------ ICE Checks for media ------------->
<-------------------- RTP ---------------------->
+------------------------------------------------------------------+
| ContentInfo (1) |
|+----------------------------------------------------------------+|
|| SignedData (2) ||
||+--------------------------------------------------------------+||
||| ContentCollection (3) |||
|||+-----------------------------++-----------------------------+|||
|||| ContentWithAttributes (4) || EncryptedKeyPackage (7) ||||
||||+---------------------------+||+---------------------------+||||
||||| SignedData (5) |||| SignedData (8) |||||
|||||+-------------------------+||||+-------------------------+|||||
|||||| SymmetricKeyPackage (6) |||||| SymmetricKeyPackage (9) ||||||
|||||| Attributes: |||||| Attributes: ||||||
|||||| Key Algorithm |||||| Key Algorithm ||||||
|||||| Classification |||||| Classification ||||||
|||||| TSEC-Nomenclature |||||| TSEC-Nomenclature ||||||
|||||+-------------------------+||||+-------------------------+|||||
||||| Attributes: |||| Attributes: |||||
||||| Content Type |||| Content Type |||||
||||| Message Digest |||| Message Digest |||||
||||| Classification |||| Classification |||||
||||| TSEC-Nomenclature |||| TSEC-Nomenclature |||||
||||| Key Purpose |||| Key Purpose |||||
||||| Key Package Type |||| Key Package Type |||||
||||+-------------------------- +||+---------------------------+||||
|||| Attributes: || Unprotect Attributes: ||||
|||| Classification || Content Decrypt Key ID ||||
|||| TSEC-Nomenclature |+-----------------------------+|||
|||| Key Package Receivers | |||
|||| Key Distribution Period | |||
|||+-----------------------------+ |||
||+--------------------------------------------------------------+||
|| Attributes: ||
|| Content Type ||
|| Message Digest ||
|| Classification ||
|| Key Package Receivers ||
|| Key Distribution Period ||
|| Key Package Type ||
|+----------------------------------------------------------------+|
+------------------------------------------------------------------+
/\ /\
\ route leak(P)/
\ propagated /
\ /
+------------+ peer +------------+
______| ISP1 (AS1) |----------->| ISP2 (AS2)|---------->
/ ------------+ prefix(P) +------------+ route leak(P)
| prefix | \ update /\ \ propagated
\ (P) / \ / \
------- prefix(P) \ / \
update \ / \
\ /route leak(P) \/
\/ /
+---------------+
| customer(AS3) |
+---------------+
--------- ---------
// \\ // \\
/ +----+ \
| |XLAT| | XLAT: IP/ICMP
| IPv4 +----+ IPv6 | Translator
| Domain | | Domain |
| | | |
\ | | /
\\ // \\ //
-------- ---------
+--------------+ +--------------+
| IPv4 network | | IPv6 network |
| | +-------+ | |
| +----+ |-----| XLAT |---- | +----+ |
| | H4 |-----| +-------+ |--| H6 | |
| +----+ | | +----+ |
+--------------+ +--------------+
P1 --------- P2 ---------- P3 --------- P4
| 1 100 1 |
| |
| 100 | 100
| |
| 1 100 1 | 1 5k
P5 --------- P6 ---------- P7 --------- P8 --- P9 -- PE1
| | | | | |
5k| |5k 5k| |5k | 5k | 5k
| | | | | |
| +-- PE4 --+ | +---- PE2 ----+
| | |
+---- PE5 ----+ | 5k
|
PE3
P1 --------- P2 ------------ P3 ------- P4
| 1 100 | 1 |
| | |
| 100 | 30 | 30
| | |
| 1 50 50 | 10 | 1 5k
P5 --------- P6 --- P10 ---- P7 ------- P8 --- P9 -- PE1
| | | | \ |
5k| |5k 5k| |5k \ 5k | 5k
| | | | \ |
| +-- PE4 --+ | +---- PE2 ----+
| | |
+---- PE5 ----+ | 5k
|
PE3
+--- PE3 ---+
/ \
1000 / \ 1000
/ \
+----- P1 ---------------- P2 ----+
| | 500 | |
| 10 | | | 10
| | | |
R5 | 10 | 10 R7
| | | |
| 10 | | | 10
| | 500 | |
+---- P3 ----------------- P4 ----+
\ /
1000 \ / 1000
\ /
+--- PE1 ---+
P1 P2
| \ / |
50 | 50 \/ 50 | 50
| /\ |
PE1-+ +-- PE2
\ /
45 \ / 45
-PE3-
(No-transit condition set)
Link Remote Remote
alternate alternate alternate
------------- ------------------ -------------
Alternates | LFA | | rLFA (PQs) | | Static/ |
| | | | | Dynamic |
sources | | | | | tunnels |
------------- ------------------ -------------
| | |
| | |
| -------------------------- |
| | Prune some alternates | |
| | (sorting strategy) | |
| -------------------------- |
| | |
| | |
------------------------------------------------
| Collect alternate attributes |
------------------------------------------------
|
|
-------------------------
| Evaluate policy |
-------------------------
|
|
Best alternates
ClientHello -------->
ServerHello
Certificate*
ServerKeyExchange*
CertificateRequest*
<-------- ServerHelloDone
Certificate*
ClientKeyExchange
CertificateVerify*
[ChangeCipherSpec]
Finished -------->
[ChangeCipherSpec]
<-------- Finished
Application Data <-------> Application Data
+***************+ +***************+ +***************+
* Application * * Application * * Application *
+***************+ +***************+ +***************+
| I2RS Client | ^ ^
+---------------+ * *
^ * ****************
| * *
| v v
| +---------------+ +-------------+
| | I2RS Client |<------->| Other I2RS |
| +---------------+ | Agents |
| ^ +-------------+
|________________ |
| | <== I2RS Protocol
| |
...........................|..|..................................
. v v .
. +*************+ +---------------+ +****************+ .
. * Policy * | | * Routing & * .
. * Database *<***>| I2RS Agent |<****>* Signaling * .
. +*************+ | | * Protocols * .
. +---------------+ +****************+ .
. ^ ^ ^ ^ .
. +*************+ * * * * .
. * Topology * * * * * .
. * Database *<*******+ * * v .
. +*************+ * * +****************+ .
. * +********>* RIB Manager * .
. * +****************+ .
. * ^ .
. v * .
. +*******************+ * .
. * Subscription & * * .
. * Configuration * v .
. * Templates for * +****************+ .
. * Measurements, * * FIB Manager * .
. * Events, QoS, etc. * * & Data Plane * .
. +*******************+ +****************+ .
.................................................................
****************** ***************** *****************
* Application C * * Application D * * Application E *
****************** ***************** *****************
^ ^ ^
|--------------| | |--------------|
| | |
v v v
***************
* Client P *
***************
^ ^
| |-------------------------|
*********************** | *********************** |
* Application A * | * Application B * |
* * | * * |
* +----------------+ * | * +----------------+ * |
* | Client A | * | * | Client B | * |
* +----------------+ * | * +----------------+ * |
******* ^ ************* | ***** ^ ****** ^ ****** |
| | | | |
| |-------------| | | |-----|
| | -----------------------| | |
| | | | |
************ v * v * v ********* ***************** v * v ********
* +---------------------+ * * +---------------------+ *
* | Agent 1 | * * | Agent 2 | *
* +---------------------+ * * +---------------------+ *
* ^ ^ ^ ^ * * ^ ^ ^ ^ *
* | | | | * * | | | | *
* v | | v * * v | | v *
* +---------+ | | +--------+ * * +---------+ | | +--------+ *
* | Routing | | | | Local | * * | Routing | | | | Local | *
* | and | | | | Config | * * | and | | | | Config | *
* |Signaling| | | +--------+ * * |Signaling| | | +--------+ *
* +---------+ | | ^ * * +---------+ | | ^ *
* ^ | | | * * ^ | | | *
* | |----| | | * * | |----| | | *
* v | v v * * v | v v *
* +----------+ +------------+ * * +----------+ +------------+ *
* | Dynamic | | Static | * * | Dynamic | | Static | *
* | System | | System | * * | System | | System | *
* | State | | State | * * | State | | State | *
* +----------+ +------------+ * * +----------+ +------------+ *
* * * *
* Routing Element 1 * * Routing Element 2 *
******************************** ********************************
*************************** ************** *****************
* I2RS Protocol * * * * Dynamic *
* * * Interfaces * * Data & *
* +--------+ +-------+ * * * * Statistics *
* | Client | | Agent | * ************** *****************
* +--------+ +-------+ *
* * ************** *************
*************************** * * * *
* Policy * * Base QoS *
******************** ******** * Templates * * Templates *
* +--------+ * * * * * *************
* BGP | BGP-LS | * * PIM * **************
* +--------+ * * *
******************** ******** ****************************
* MPLS +---------+ +-----+ *
********************************** * | RSVP-TE | | LDP | *
* IGPs +------+ +------+ * * +---------+ +-----+ *
* +--------+ | OSPF | |IS-IS | * * +--------+ *
* | Common | +------+ +------+ * * | Common | *
* +--------+ * * +--------+ *
********************************** ****************************
**************************************************************
* RIB Manager *
* +-------------------+ +---------------+ +------------+ *
* | Unicast/multicast | | Policy-Based | | RIB Policy | *
* | RIBs & LIBs | | Routing | | Controls | *
* | route instances | | (ACLs, etc) | +------------+ *
* +-------------------+ +---------------+ *
**************************************************************
+////////////////////////////////////+
| Configuration |
|////////////////////////////////////|
| Server A --> PSK Identity, PSK |
| |
| Server B --> Public Key (Server B),|
| Public/Private Key |
| (for Client) |
| |
| Server C --> Public/Private Key |
| (for Client) |
| Trust Anchor Store |
+------------------------------------+
oo
oooooo
o
+-----------+
|Constrained|
|TLS/DTLS |
|Client |-
+-----------+ \
\ ,-------.
,' `. +------+
/ IP-Based \ |Server|
( Network ) | A |
\ / +------+
`. ,'
'---+---' +------+
| |Server|
| | B |
| +------+
|
| +------+
+----------------->|Server|
| C |
+------+
+--------------+
|Authentication|
|Authorization |
|Accounting |
|Server |
|(EAP Server) |
| |
+-^----------^-+
* EAP o RADIUS/
* o Diameter
--v----------v--
/// \\\
// \\
| Federation |
| Substrate |
\\ //
\\\ ///
--^----------^--
* EAP o RADIUS/
* o Diameter
+-------------+ +-v----------v--+
| | EAP/EAP Method | |
| Internet of |<***************************>| Access Point |
| Things | |(Authenticator)|
| Device | EAP Lower Layer and |(AAA Client) |
| (EAP Peer) | Secure Association Protocol | |
| |<--------------------------->| |
| | | |
| | Physical Layer | |
| |<===========================>| |
+-------------+ +---------------+
Legend:
+---
|
| ClientHello -------->
| #client_certificate_type#
F| #server_certificate_type#
U|
L| <------- HelloVerifyRequest
L|
| ClientHello -------->
D| #client_certificate_type#
T| #server_certificate_type#
L|
S| ServerHello
| #client_certificate_type#
H| #server_certificate_type#
A| Certificate
N| ServerKeyExchange
D| CertificateRequest
S| <-------- ServerHelloDone
H|
A| Certificate
K| ClientKeyExchange
E| CertificateVerify
| [ChangeCipherSpec]
| Finished -------->
|
| [ChangeCipherSpec]
| <-------- Finished
+---
+--- ///+
C| \ D
O| Req: POST coap://rd.example.com/rd?ep=node1 \ T
A| Payload: \ L
P| </temp>;ct=41; \ S
| rt="temperature-c";if="sensor", \
R| </light>;ct=41; \ R
D| rt="light-lux";if="sensor" \ E
| --------> \ C
R| \ O
E| \ R
G| Res: 2.01 Created \ D
| <-------- Location: /rd/4521 \
| \ L
+--- \ A
\ Y
* \ E
* (time passes) \ R
* \
+--- \ P
C| \ R
O| Req: GET coaps://sensor.example.com/temp \ O
A| <-------- \ T
P| \ E
| Res: 2.05 Content \ C
G| Payload: \ T
E| 25.5 --------> \ E
T| \ D
+--- ///+
+////////////////////////////////////+
| Configuration |
|////////////////////////////////////|
| Credentials |
| Client A -> Public Key |
| Server S1 -> Symmetric Key |
| Server S2 -> Certificate |
| Server S3 -> Public Key |
| Trust Anchor Store |
| Access Control Lists |
| Resource X: Client A / GET |
| Resource Y: Client A / PUT |
+------------------------------------+
oo
oooooo
o
+---------------+ +-----------+
|Authentication | +-------->|TLS/DTLS |
|& Authorization| | |Client A |
|Server | | +-----------+
+---------------+ ++
^ | +-----------+
\ | |Constrained|
\ ,-------. | Server S1 |
,' `. +-----------+
/ Local \
( Network )
\ / +-----------+
`. ,' |Constrained|
'---+---' | Server S2 |
| +-----------+
|
| +-----------+
+-----------------> |Constrained|
| Server S3 |
+-----------+
CoAP 2.05 Content
<-------------------------------
</3303/0/5700>;rt="temperature";
if="sensor"
CoAP 2.05 Content
<--------------------------------------------------
</fan>;rt="fan";if="actuation"
Configure Actuator
(authenticated/authorized)
------------------------------------------------->
PUT /fan?on-off=true
CoAP 2.04 Changed
<-------------------------------------------------
ClientHello -------->
(with cookie)
ServerHello
*ServerKeyExchange
<-------- ServerHelloDone
ClientKeyExchange
ChangeCipherSpec
Finished -------->
ChangeCipherSpec
<-------- Finished
ServerHello
*cached_info*
Certificate
ServerKeyExchange
CertificateRequest
<-------- ServerHelloDone
+----------------------+--------------------------------------------+
| Element | Notes |
+----------------------+--------------------------------------------+
| version | This profile uses X.509 v3 certificates |
| | [RFC5280]. |
| | |
| serialNumber | Positive integer unique per certificate. |
| | |
| signature | This field contains the signature |
| | algorithm, and this profile uses ecdsa- |
| | with-SHA256 or stronger [RFC5758]. |
| | |
| issuer | Contains the DN of the issuing CA. |
| | |
| validity | Values expressed as UTC time in notBefore |
| | and notAfter fields. No validity period |
| | mandated. |
| | |
| subject | See rules outlined in this section. |
| | |
| subjectPublicKeyInfo | The SubjectPublicKeyInfo structure |
| | indicates the algorithm and any associated |
| | parameters for the ECC public key. This |
| | profile uses the id-ecPublicKey algorithm |
| | identifier for ECDSA signature keys, as |
| | defined and specified in [RFC5480]. |
| | |
| signatureAlgorithm | The ECDSA signature algorithm with ecdsa- |
| | with-SHA256 or stronger. |
| | |
| signatureValue | Bit string containing the digital |
| | signature. |
| | |
| Extension: | See rules outlined in this section. |
| subjectAltName | |
| | |
| Extension: | Indicates whether the subject of the |
| BasicConstraints | certificate is a CA and the maximum depth |
| | of valid certification paths that include |
| | this certificate. This extension is used |
| | for CA certs only, and then the value of |
| | the "cA" field is set to TRUE. The |
| | default is FALSE. |
| | |
| Extension: Key Usage | The KeyUsage field MAY have the following |
| | values in the context of this profile: |
| | digitalSignature or keyAgreement, |
| | keyCertSign for verifying signatures on |
| | public key certificates. |
| | |
| Extension: Extended | The ExtKeyUsageSyntax field MAY have the |
| Key Usage | following values in context of this |
| | profile: id-kp-serverAuth for server |
| | authentication, id-kp-clientAuth for |
| | client authentication, id-kp-codeSigning |
| | for code signing (for software update |
| | mechanism), and id-kp-OCSPSigning for |
| | future OCSP usage in TLS. |
+----------------------+--------------------------------------------+
ClientHello -------->
ServerHello
[ChangeCipherSpec]
<-------- Finished
[ChangeCipherSpec]
Finished -------->
Application Data <-------> Application Data
Symmetric | ECC | DH/DSA/RSA
------------+---------+-------------
80 | 163 | 1024
112 | 233 | 2048
128 | 283 | 3072
192 | 409 | 7680
256 | 571 | 15360
0 1 2 3 4
+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
| ... | 0x04 | 2 | ... | ... |
+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
UDH IEI IE Dest Source
Length Length Port Port
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
| ... | 0x05 | 4 | ... | ... |
+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
UDH IEI IE Dest Source
Length Length Port Port
-------------- --------------
| Domain A | x1 | Domain Z |
| ----- +----+ ----- |
| | Src | +----+ | Dst | |
| ----- | x2 | ----- |
-------------- --------------
--------------
| Domain B |
| |
| |
/--------------
/
/x1
--------------/ --------------
| Domain A | | Domain Z |
| | -------------- | |
| ----- | x2| Domain C | x4| ----- |
| | Src | +---+ +---+ | Dst | |
| ----- | | | | ----- |
| | -------------- | |
--------------\ /--------------
\x3 /
\ /
\ /x5
\--------------/
| Domain D |
| |
| |
--------------
---------------- ----------------
| Client Network | | Client Network |
| Domain A | | Domain B |
| | | |
| ----- | | ----- |
| | Src | | | | Dst | |
| ----- | | ----- |
| | | |
----------------\ /----------------
\x1 x2/
\ /
\ /
\----------------/
| Server Network |
| Domain |
| |
----------------
-------------- --------------
| Domain A | | Domain Z |
| (VPN site) | | (VPN site) |
| | | |
| ----- | | ----- |
| | Src | | | | Dst | |
| ----- | | ----- |
| | | |
--------------\ /--------------
\x1 x2/
\ /
\ /
\---------------/
| Core Domain |
| |
| |
/---------------\
/ \
/ \
/x3 x4\
--------------/ \--------------
| Domain B | | Domain C |
| (VPN site) | | (VPN site) |
| | | |
| | | |
-------------- --------------
------------ ------------
| Domain A | | Domain Z |
| (VPN site) | | (VPN site) |
| ----- | | ----- |
| | Src | | | | Dst | |
| ----- | | ----- |
| | | |
------------\ /------------
\x1 x2/
\ /
\ /
\---------- ----------/
| Domain X |x5 | Domain Y |
| (core) +---+ (core) |
| | | |
| +---+ |
| |x6 | |
/---------- ----------\
/ \
/ \
/x3 x4\
------------/ \------------
| Domain B | | Domain C |
| (VPN site) | | (VPN site) |
| | | |
------------ ------------
------------
| Domain B |
| (VPN site) |
------------ | ----- |
| Domain A | | | Src | |
| (VPN site) | | ----- |
| | | |
------------\ -+--------+-
\x1 | |
\ x2| |x3
\ | | ------------
\--------+- -+-------- | Domain C |
| Domain X | x8 | Domain Y | x4 | (VPN site) |
| (core) +----+ (core) +----+ ----- |
| | | | | | Dst | |
| +----+ +----+ ----- |
| | x9 | | x5 | |
/---------- ----------\ ------------
/ \
/ \
/x6 x7\
------------/ \------------
| Domain D | | Domain E |
| (VPN site) | | (VPN site) |
| | | |
------------ ------------
-- -- -- --
|C1|--|C2| |C3|--|C4| Client Network
-- | | | | --
| | | | . . . . . . . . . . .
| | | |
| | | |
| | --- --- | | Abstraction
| |---|CN1|================|CN4|---| | Layer Network
-- | | | | --
| | | | . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
| | | |
| | | |
| | --- --- | | Server Network
| |--|CN2|--|CN3|--| |
--- --- --- ---
-- -- -- -- Client
|C1|--|C2| |C3|--|C4| Network
-- | | | | --
| | | | . . . . . . . . .
| | | |
| | | |
| | --- --- --- | | Abstraction
| |--|CN1|========|CN3|========|CN5|--| | Layer Network
-- | | | | | | --
| | | | | | . . . . . . . . . . . .
| | | | | |
| | | | | | Server
| | --- | | --- | | Network
| |--|CN2|-| |-|CN4|--| |
--- --- --- --- ---
: :
Client Network : Server Network : Client Network
: :
-- -- --- --- -- --
|C1|--|C2|--|CE1|................................|CE2|--|C3|--|C4|
-- -- | | --- --- | | -- --
| |===|CN1|================|CN4|===| |
| |---| | | |---| |
--- | | --- --- | | ---
| |--|CN2|--|CN3|--| |
--- --- --- ---
-- --
|C3|---|C4|
/-- --\
-- -- -- -- --/ \--
|C1|---|C2|---|S1|---|S2|----|S3| |C5|
-- /-- --\ --\ --\ /--
/ \-- \-- \-- --/ --
/ |S4| |S5|----|S6|---|C6|---|C7|
/ /-- --\ /-- /-- --
--/ -- --/ -- \--/ --/
|C8|---|C9|---|S7|---|S8|----|S9|---|C0|
-- -- -- -- -- --
-- --
|C3|---|C4|
-- --\
-- -- \--
|C1|---|C2| |C5|
-- /-- /--
/ --/ --
/ |C6|---|C7|
/ /-- --
--/ -- --/
|C8|---|C9| |C0|
-- -- --
-- -- --
|S1|---|S2|----|S3|
--\ --\ --\
\-- \-- \--
|S4| |S5|----|S6|
/-- --\ /--
--/ -- \--/
|S7|---|S8|----|S9|
-- -- --
--
|C3|
/--
-- -- --/
|C2|---|S1|==========|S3|
-- --\\ --\\
\\ \\
\\ \\-- --
\\ |S6|---|C6|
\\ -- --
-- -- \\-- --
|C9|---|S7|=====|S9|---|C0|
-- -- -- --
-- --
|C3|-|C4|
/-- --\
/ \--
-- --/ |C5|
|C1|---|C2| /--
-- /--\ --/ --
/ \ |C6|---|C7|
/ \ /-- --
/ \--/
--/ -- |C0|
|C8|---|C9| --
-- --
: : :
Network A : Network B : Network C : Network D
: : :
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
|A1|--|A2|---|B1|--|B2|--|B3|---|C1|--|C2|--|C3|---|D1|--|D2|
-- -- | | -- | | | | -- | | -- --
| |========| | | |========| |
-- -- -- --
Network A : Network B : Network C
: :
-- -- -- : -- -- -- : -- --
|A1|---|A2|----|A3|---|B1|---|B2|---|B3|---|C1|---|C2|
-- --\ /-- : -- /--\ -- : -- --
\--/ : / \ :
|A4| : / \ :
--\ : / \ :
-- \-- : --/ \-- : -- --
|A5|---|A6|---|B4|----------|B6|---|C3|---|C4|
-- -- : -- -- : -- --
: :
: :
-- -- -- --
|A3|---|B1|====|B3|----|C1|
-- -- //-- --
//
//
//
-- --// -- --
|A6|---|B4|=====|B6|---|C3|
-- -- -- --
Network A : Network C
:
-- -- -- : -- --
|A1|---|A2|----|A3|=========|C1|.....|C2|
-- --\ /-- : -- --
\--/ :
|A4| :
--\ :
-- \-- : -- --
|A5|---|A6|=========|C3|.....|C4|
-- -- : -- --
-----------------
| D1 |
| B---C |
| / \ |
| / \ |
| A D |
| \ / |
| \ / |
| F---E |
| |
-----------------
------ ------ ------ ------
| | | | | | | |
| D1 |---| D2 |---| D3 |---| D4 |
| | | | | | | |
------\ ------\ ------\ ------
\ | \ | \ |
\------ \------ \------
| | | | | |
| D5 |---| D6 |---| D7 |
| | | | | |
------ ------ ------
Abstraction Layer
-- -- -- -- -- --
| |===========| |--| |===========| |--| |===========| |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
..| |...........| |..| |...........| |..| |...........| |......
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | -- -- | | | | -- -- | | | | -- -- | |
| |_| |_| |_| | | |_| |_| |_| | | |_| |_| |_| |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Domain 1 Domain 2 Domain 3
Key Optical Layer
... Layer separation
--- Physical link
=== Abstract link
........... .............
VPN Site : : VPN Site
-- -- : : -- --
|C1|-|CE| : : |CE|-|C2|
-- | | : : | | --
| | : : | |
| | : : | |
| | : : | |
| | : -- -- -- -- : | |
| |----|PE|=========|PE|---|PE|=====|PE|----| |
-- : | | | | | | | | : --
........... | | | | | | | | ............
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| | - - | | | | - | |
| |-|P|-|P|-| | | |-|P|-| |
-- - - -- -- - --
+---------------------+
| Document Repository |
+---------------------+
||
(Internet)
||
+--------------+
| Access Point |
+--------------+
/ | \
/ | \
/ | \
Scribe Participant 1 ... Participant N
+-------------------------------------------------+
|Case| Traffic Type |
| +-----+------------+----+--------------------+
| |Video|Web (IW 10)| CBR| Bulk TCP Traffic |
+----|-----|------------|----|--------------------|
|I | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
+----|-----|------------|----|--------------------|
|II | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
|----|-----|------------|----|--------------------|
|III | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
+----|-----|------------|----|--------------------|
|IV | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
+----+-----+------------+----+--------------------+
0 1
+--------+--------+
|00001000|00000010|
+--------+--------+
^ ^
| |
| + more significant byte = 2 * 256
+ less significant byte = 8
byte 2 byte 1 byte 0
+--------+--------+--------+
|11100010|11000101|10010110|
+--------+--------+--------+
^ ^ ^ ^ ^
| | | | |
| | | | +------ integer value 6
| | | +---------- integer value 2
| | +-------------- prefix code 110
| +---------------- prefix code 10
+----------------------------- integer value 3628
+------------------------------------------------+
| |
| +--------------------------------+ |
| | Tracker | |
| +--------------------------------+ |
| | ^ ^ |
|Tracker | | Tracker |Tracker |
|Protocol| | Protocol |Protocol |
| | | | |
| V | | |
| +---------+ Peer +---------+ |
| | Peer |<----------->| Peer | |
| +---------+ Protocol +---------+ |
| | ^ |
| | |Peer |
| | |Protocol |
| V | |
| +---------------+ |
| | Peer | |
| +---------------+ |
| |
+------------------------------------------------+
+--------Multimedia Delivery Framework--------+
| |
| Technologies Properties |
| +----------------+ +----------------+ |
| | Broadcast |<--->| Controlled | |
| | Encryption | | Access | |
| +----------------+ +----------------+ |
| |Dynamic Adaptive|<--->| Multimedia | |
| | Streaming | | Adaptation | |
| +----------------+ +----------------+ |
| | ICN |<--->| Cacheable | |
| | Infrastructure | | Data Chunks | |
| +----------------+ +----------------+ |
+---------------------------------------------+
+-----+
| CSP |
+-----+
^ Reporting and monitoring data
* Billing
,--*--.
Logging ,-' `-.
Data =>( uCDN )<= Logging
// `-. _,-' \\ Data
|| `-'-'-' ||
,-----. ,-----.
,-' `-. ,-' `-.
( dCDN-1 ) ( dCDN-2 )<== Logging
`-. ,-' `-. _,-' \\ Data
`--'--' `--'-' ||
,-----.
,' `-.
( dCDN-3 )
`. ,-'
`--'--'
Log-Consuming Log-Consuming
App App
^ ^
| |
Rectification----------
^
|
Filtering
^
|
Collection
^ ^
| |
| Generation
|
| uCDN
CDNI Logging ---------------------------------------------------
exchange dCDN
^
| Log-Consuming Log-Consuming
| App App
| ^ ^
| | |
Rectification Rectification---------
^ ^
| |
Filtering
^
|
Collection
^ ^
| |
Generation Generation
+----------------------------------------------------------+
|CDNI Logging File |
| |
| #Directive 1 |
| #Directive 2 |
| ... |
| #Directive P |
| |
| +------------------------------------------------------+ |
| |CDNI Logging Record 1 | |
| | +-------------+ +-------------+ +-------------+ | |
| | |CDNI Logging | |CDNI Logging | ... |CDNI Logging | | |
| | | Field 1 | | Field 2 | | Field N | | |
| | +-------------+ +-------------+ +-------------+ | |
| +------------------------------------------------------+ |
| |
| +------------------------------------------------------+ |
| |CDNI Logging Record 2 | |
| | +-------------+ +-------------+ +-------------+ | |
| | |CDNI Logging | |CDNI Logging | ... |CDNI Logging | | |
| | | Field 1 | | Field 2 | | Field N | | |
| | +-------------+ +-------------+ +-------------+ | |
| +------------------------------------------------------+ |
| |
| ... |
| |
| #Directive P+1 |
| |
| ... |
| |
| +------------------------------------------------------+ |
| |CDNI Logging Record M | |
| | +-------------+ +-------------+ +-------------+ | |
| | |CDNI Logging | |CDNI Logging | ... |CDNI Logging | | |
| | | Field 1 | | Field 2 | | Field N | | |
| | +-------------+ +-------------+ +-------------+ | |
| +------------------------------------------------------+ |
| |
| |
| #Directive P+Q |
+----------------------------------------------------------+
+------+ +------+
| | | |
| |--| | Tier 1
| | | |
+------+ +------+
| | | |
+---------+ | | +----------+
| +-------+--+------+--+-------+ |
| | | | | | | |
+----+ +----+ +----+ +----+
| | | | | | | |
| |-----| | | |-----| | Tier 2
| | | | | | | |
+----+ +----+ +----+ +----+
| | | |
| | | |
| +-----+ | | +-----+ |
+-| |-+ +-| |-+ Tier 3
+-----+ +-----+
| | | | | |
<- Servers -> <- Servers ->
Tier 1
+-----+
Cluster | |
+----------------------------+ +--| |--+
| | | +-----+ |
| Tier 2 | | | Tier 2
| +-----+ | | +-----+ | +-----+
| +-------------| DEV |------+--| |--+--| |-------------+
| | +-----| C |------+ | | +--| |-----+ |
| | | +-----+ | +-----+ +-----+ | |
| | | | | |
| | | +-----+ | +-----+ +-----+ | |
| | +-----------| DEV |------+ | | +--| |-----------+ |
| | | | +---| D |------+--| |--+--| |---+ | | |
| | | | | +-----+ | | +-----+ | +-----+ | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| +-----+ +-----+ | | +-----+ | +-----+ +-----+
| | DEV | | DEV | | +--| |--+ | | | |
| | A | | B | Tier 3 | | | Tier 3 | | | |
| +-----+ +-----+ | +-----+ +-----+ +-----+
| | | | | | | | | |
| O O O O | O O O O
| Servers | Servers
+----------------------------+
ASN 65534
+---------+
| +-----+ |
| | | |
+-|-| |-|-+
| | +-----+ | |
ASN 646XX | | | | ASN 646XX
+---------+ | | | | +---------+
| +-----+ | | | +-----+ | | | +-----+ |
+-----------|-| |-|-+-|-| |-|-+-|-| |-|-----------+
| +---|-| |-|-+ | | | | +-|-| |-|---+ |
| | | +-----+ | | +-----+ | | +-----+ | | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | +-----+ | | +-----+ | | +-----+ | | |
| +-----+---|-| |-|-+ | | | | +-|-| |-|---+-----+ |
| | | +-|-| |-|-+-|-| |-|-+-|-| |-|-+ | | |
| | | | | +-----+ | | | +-----+ | | | +-----+ | | | | |
| | | | +---------+ | | | | +---------+ | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
+-----+ +-----+ | | +-----+ | | +-----+ +-----+
| ASN | | | +-|-| |-|-+ | | | |
|65YYY| | ... | | | | | | ... | | ... |
+-----+ +-----+ | +-----+ | +-----+ +-----+
| | | | +---------+ | | | |
O O O O <- Servers -> O O O O
+---------+
|AVP Flag |
|Rules |
+----+----+
AVP Section | |MUST|
Attribute Name Code Defined Value Type |MUST| NOT|
+--------------------------------------------------+----+----+
|DRMP 301 9.1 Enumerated | | V |
+--------------------------------------------------+----+----+
| Object Size | Temporal Locality | Popularity Distribution
=====================================================================
Web | Concatenation | Ordering via the | Zipf: p(i)=K/i^a
| of Lognormal | Least Recently Used | i: popularity rank
| (body) and | (LRU) stack model | N: total items
| Pareto (tail) | [Busari02] | K: 1/Sum(1/i^a)
| [Barford98] | | a: distribution slope
| [Barford99] | Exact timing via | values 0.64-0.84
| | exponential | [Breslau99] [Mahanti00]
| | distribution |
| | [Arlitt97] |
---------------------------------------------------------------------
VoD | Duration/size: | No analytical models | Weibull: k=0.513,
| Concatenated | | lambda=6010
| normal; most | Random distribution |
| videos | across total | Gamma: k=0.372,
| ~330 kbit/s | duration | theta=23910
| [Cheng13] | | [Cheng08]
---------------------------------------------------------------------
P2P | Wide variation | Mean arrival rate of | Mandelbrot-Zipf
| on torrent | 0.9454 torrents/hour | [Hefeeda08]:
| sizes | Peers in a swarm | p(i)=K/((i+q)/a)
| [Hefeeda08]. | arrive as | q: plateau factor,
| No analytical | l(t)= l0*e^(-t/tau) | 5 to 100.
| models exist: | l0: initial arrival | Flatter head than in
| Sample a real | rate (87.74 average) | Zipf-like distribution
| BitTorrent | tau: object | (where q=0)
| distribution | popularity |
| [Bellissimo04] | (1.16 average)* |
| or use fixed | [Guo07] |
| value | |
=====================================================================
Traffic | Catalog | Mean Object Size | Popularity Distribution
Load | Size | [Zhou11] [Fri12] | [Cha07] [Fri12] [Yu06]
|[Goog08] | [Marciniak08] | [Breslau99] [Mahanti00]
|[Zhang10a]| [Bellissimo04] |
|[Cha07] | [Psaras11] |
|[Fri12] | [Carofiglio11] |
| | |
| | |
| | |
===================================================================
Web | 10^12 | Chunk: 1-10 KB | Zipf with
| | | 0.64 <= alpha <= 0.83
-------------------------------------------------------------------
File | 5x10^6 | Chunk: 250-4096 KB | Zipf with
sharing | | Object: ~800 MB | 0.75 <= alpha <= 0.82
-------------------------------------------------------------------
UGC | 10^8 | Object: ~10 MB | Zipf, alpha >= 2
-------------------------------------------------------------------
VoD | 10^4 | Object: ~100 MB | Zipf, 0.65 <= alpha <= 1
(+HLS) | | ~1 KB (*) |
(+DASH) | | ~5.6 KB (*) |
===================================================================
User | Application | Network
======================================================
Download | Goodput | Startup | Throughput | Packet
time | | latency | | delay
==================================================================
CCN | x | x | | x | x
------------------------------------------------------------------
NetInf | x | | x | x | x
------------------------------------------------------------------
PURSUIT | | | x | x | x
------------------------------------------------------------------
COMET | | | x | x |
------------------------------------------------------------------
Connect | x | | | |
------------------------------------------------------------------
CONVERGENCE | x | x | | |
==================================================================
Resolution | Routing | Cache
======================================================
Resolution | Request | FIB | Path | Size | Hit
time | rate | size | length | | ratio
==================================================================
CCN | x | | x | x | x | x
------------------------------------------------------------------
NetInf | x | x | | x | | x
------------------------------------------------------------------
PURSUIT | | | x | x | |
------------------------------------------------------------------
COMET | x | x | x | x | | x
------------------------------------------------------------------
CONVERGENCE | | x | x | | x |
==================================================================
___ ___
/ \ / \
..| AS1 |..| AS2 |..
: \___/ \___/ :
: \ / | :
: \ / | :
: IXP \/ | :
: /\ | :
: / \ | :
: ___/____\_|_ :
: / \ / \ :
..| AS3 |..| AS4 |..
\___/ \___/
___ ___
/ \ / \
..| AS1 |..| AS2 |..
: \___/____\___/ :
: | \ / | :
: | \ / | :
: IXP | \/ | :
: | /\ | :
: | / \ | :
: _|_/____\_|_ :
: / \ / \ :
..| AS3 |..| AS4 |..
\___/ \___/
___ ___
/ \ / \
..| AS1 |..| AS2 |..
: \___/ \___/ :
: \ / :
: \ / :
: \__/ :
: IXP / \ :
: | RS | :
: \____/ :
: / \ :
: / \ :
: __/ \__ :
: / \ / \ :
..| AS3 |..| AS4 |..
\___/ \___/
____
/ \
| AS99 |
\____/
/ \
/ \
__/ \__
/ \ / \
..| AS1 |..| AS2 |..
: \___/ \___/ :
: \ / :
: \ / :
: \__/ :
: IXP / \ :
: | RS | :
: \____/ :
: :
....................
+------------------+---------------+-------------+
| keyword | argument name | yin-element |
+------------------+---------------+-------------+
| action | name | false |
| anydata | name | false |
| anyxml | name | false |
| argument | name | false |
| augment | target-node | false |
| base | name | false |
| belongs-to | module | false |
| bit | name | false |
| case | name | false |
| choice | name | false |
| config | value | false |
| contact | text | true |
| container | name | false |
| default | value | false |
| description | text | true |
| deviate | value | false |
| deviation | target-node | false |
| enum | name | false |
| error-app-tag | value | false |
| error-message | value | true |
| extension | name | false |
| feature | name | false |
| fraction-digits | value | false |
| grouping | name | false |
| identity | name | false |
| if-feature | name | false |
| import | module | false |
| include | module | false |
| input | <no argument> | n/a |
| key | value | false |
| leaf | name | false |
| leaf-list | name | false |
| length | value | false |
| list | name | false |
| mandatory | value | false |
| max-elements | value | false |
| min-elements | value | false |
| modifier | value | false |
| module | name | false |
| must | condition | false |
| namespace | uri | false |
| notification | name | false |
| ordered-by | value | false |
| organization | text | true |
| output | <no argument> | n/a |
| path | value | false |
| pattern | value | false |
| position | value | false |
| prefix | value | false |
| presence | value | false |
| range | value | false |
| reference | text | true |
| refine | target-node | false |
| require-instance | value | false |
| revision | date | false |
| revision-date | date | false |
| rpc | name | false |
| status | value | false |
| submodule | name | false |
| type | name | false |
| typedef | name | false |
| unique | tag | false |
| units | name | false |
| uses | name | false |
| value | value | false |
| when | condition | false |
| yang-version | value | false |
| yin-element | value | false |
+------------------+---------------+-------------+
+-------------------------------------------------+
| VAVAILABILITY |
+-------------------------------------------------+
+------------+ +------------+
| AVAILABLE | | AVAILABLE |
+------------+ +------------+
------- --------
| COR1| | COR2 |
------- --------
| |
------- -------
|AGG1 | |AGG2 |
------- -------
| |
-----------------------------------------------------
| -------------|------------------|----------------|
| | | | | | | |
------- ------- ------- -------
| RB1 | | RB2 | | RB3 | | RB4 |
|ToR1 | |ToR2 | |ToR3 | |ToR4 |
------- ------- ------- -------
| | | | | | | |
----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
|ES1| |ES2| |ES3| |ES4| |ES5| |ES6| |ES7| |ES8|
----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
+---------------------------------------------+
| |
| +-----------+ +-----------+ |
| | Tenant n |---------| VRF n | |
| +------------+ | +------------+ | |
| | +-----+ | | | | | |
| | | VN1 | | | | | | |
| | +-----+ | | | VRF 1 | | |
| | .. +-------+ | | |
| | +-----+ | | | | | |
| | | VNm | | | | | | |
| | +-----+ | | | | | |
| | Tenant1 |-+ | | | |
| +------------+ | | | |
| +------------+ +------------+ |
| |
| Edge RBridge |
+---------------------------------------------+
--------- ---------
| RB3 | | RB4 |
--------- ---------
# * # *
# **************************
########################### *
# *
# *
# *
--------- ---------
| RB1 | | RB2 |
--------- ---------
| |
----- -----
|ES1| |ES2|
----- -----
CLIENT SERVER
| |
| CON [MID=1234], GET, /status ------> |
| |
| <------ ACK [MID=1234], 2.05 Content, 2:0/1/128 |
| |
| CON [MID=1235], GET, /status, 2:1/0/128 ------> |
| |
| <------ ACK [MID=1235], 2.05 Content, 2:1/1/128 |
| |
| CON [MID=1236], GET, /status, 2:2/0/128 ------> |
| |
| <------ ACK [MID=1236], 2.05 Content, 2:2/0/128 |
CLIENT SERVER
| |
| CON [MID=1234], GET, /status, 2:0/0/64 ------> |
| |
| <------ ACK [MID=1234], 2.05 Content, 2:0/1/64 |
| |
| CON [MID=1235], GET, /status, 2:1/0/64 ------> |
| |
| <------ ACK [MID=1235], 2.05 Content, 2:1/1/64 |
: :
: ... :
: :
| CON [MID=1238], GET, /status, 2:4/0/64 ------> |
| |
| <------ ACK [MID=1238], 2.05 Content, 2:4/1/64 |
| |
| CON [MID=1239], GET, /status, 2:5/0/64 ------> |
| |
| <------ ACK [MID=1239], 2.05 Content, 2:5/0/64 |
CLIENT SERVER
| |
| CON [MID=1234], GET, /status ------> |
| |
| <------ ACK [MID=1234], 2.05 Content, 2:0/1/128 |
| |
| CON [MID=1235], GET, /status, 2:2/0/64 ------> |
| |
| <------ ACK [MID=1235], 2.05 Content, 2:2/1/64 |
| |
| CON [MID=1236], GET, /status, 2:3/0/64 ------> |
| |
| <------ ACK [MID=1236], 2.05 Content, 2:3/1/64 |
| |
| CON [MID=1237], GET, /status, 2:4/0/64 ------> |
| |
| <------ ACK [MID=1237], 2.05 Content, 2:4/1/64 |
| |
| CON [MID=1238], GET, /status, 2:5/0/64 ------> |
| |
| <------ ACK [MID=1238], 2.05 Content, 2:5/0/64 |
CLIENT SERVER
| |
| CON [MID=1234], GET, /status ------> |
| |
| <------ ACK [MID=1234], 2.05 Content, 2:0/1/128 |
| |
| CON [MID=1235], GE///////////////////////// |
| |
| (timeout) |
| |
| CON [MID=1235], GET, /status, 2:2/0/64 ------> |
| |
| <------ ACK [MID=1235], 2.05 Content, 2:2/1/64 |
: :
: ... :
: :
| CON [MID=1238], GET, /status, 2:5/0/64 ------> |
| |
| <------ ACK [MID=1238], 2.05 Content, 2:5/0/64 |
CLIENT SERVER
| |
| CON [MID=1234], GET, /status ------> |
| |
| <------ ACK [MID=1234], 2.05 Content, 2:0/1/128 |
| |
| CON [MID=1235], GET, /status, 2:2/0/64 ------> |
| |
| //////////////////////////////////tent, 2:2/1/64 |
| |
| (timeout) |
| |
| CON [MID=1235], GET, /status, 2:2/0/64 ------> |
| |
| <------ ACK [MID=1235], 2.05 Content, 2:2/1/64 |
: :
: ... :
: :
| CON [MID=1238], GET, /status, 2:5/0/64 ------> |
| |
| <------ ACK [MID=1238], 2.05 Content, 2:5/0/64 |
CLIENT SERVER
| |
| CON [MID=1234], PUT, /options, 1:0/1/128 ------> |
| |
| <------ ACK [MID=1234], 2.31 Continue, 1:0/1/128 |
| |
| CON [MID=1235], PUT, /options, 1:1/1/128 ------> |
| |
| <------ ACK [MID=1235], 2.31 Continue, 1:1/1/128 |
| |
| CON [MID=1236], PUT, /options, 1:2/0/128 ------> |
| |
| <------ ACK [MID=1236], 2.04 Changed, 1:2/0/128 |
CLIENT SERVER
| |
| CON [MID=1234], PUT, /options, 1:0/1/128 ------> |
| |
| <------ ACK [MID=1234], 2.04 Changed, 1:0/0/128 |
| |
| CON [MID=1235], PUT, /options, 1:1/1/128 ------> |
| |
| <------ ACK [MID=1235], 2.04 Changed, 1:1/0/128 |
| |
| CON [MID=1236], PUT, /options, 1:2/0/128 ------> |
| |
| <------ ACK [MID=1236], 2.04 Changed, 1:2/0/128 |
CLIENT SERVER
| |
| CON [MID=1234], PUT, /options, 1:0/1/128 ------> |
| |
| <------ ACK [MID=1234], 2.31 Continue, 1:0/1/32 |
| |
| CON [MID=1235], PUT, /options, 1:4/1/32 ------> |
| |
| <------ ACK [MID=1235], 2.31 Continue, 1:4/1/32 |
| |
| CON [MID=1236], PUT, /options, 1:5/1/32 ------> |
| |
| <------ ACK [MID=1235], 2.31 Continue, 1:5/1/32 |
| |
| CON [MID=1237], PUT, /options, 1:6/0/32 ------> |
| |
| <------ ACK [MID=1236], 2.04 Changed, 1:6/0/32 |
CLIENT SERVER
| |
| CON [MID=1234], POST, /soap, 1:0/1/128 ------> |
| |
| <------ ACK [MID=1234], 2.31 Continue, 1:0/1/128 |
| |
| CON [MID=1235], POST, /soap, 1:1/1/128 ------> |
| |
| <------ ACK [MID=1235], 2.31 Continue, 1:1/1/128 |
| |
| CON [MID=1236], POST, /soap, 1:2/0/128 ------> |
| |
| <------ ACK [MID=1236], 2.04 Changed, 2:0/1/128, 1:2/0/128 |
| |
| CON [MID=1237], POST, /soap, 2:1/0/128 ------> |
| (no payload for requests with Block2 with NUM != 0) |
| (could also do late negotiation by requesting, |
| e.g., 2:2/0/64) |
| |
| <------ ACK [MID=1237], 2.04 Changed, 2:1/1/128 |
| |
| CON [MID=1238], POST, /soap, 2:2/0/128 ------> |
| |
| <------ ACK [MID=1238], 2.04 Changed, 2:2/1/128 |
| |
| CON [MID=1239], POST, /soap, 2:3/0/128 ------> |
| |
| <------ ACK [MID=1239], 2.04 Changed, 2:3/0/128 |
CLIENT SERVER
| |
| CON [MID=1234], POST, /soap, 1:0/1/128 ------> |
| |
| <------ ACK [MID=1234], 2.31 Continue, 1:0/1/128 |
| |
| CON [MID=1235], POST, /soap, 1:1/1/128 ------> |
| |
| <------ ACK [MID=1235], 2.31 Continue, 1:1/1/128 |
| |
| CON [MID=1236], POST, /soap, 1:2/0/128, 2:0/0/64 ------> |
| |
| <------ ACK [MID=1236], 2.04 Changed, 1:2/0/128, 2:0/1/64 |
| |
| CON [MID=1237], POST, /soap, 2:1/0/64 ------> |
| (no payload for requests with Block2 with NUM != 0) |
| |
| <------ ACK [MID=1237], 2.04 Changed, 2:1/1/64 |
| |
| CON [MID=1238], POST, /soap, 2:2/0/64 ------> |
| |
| <------ ACK [MID=1238], 2.04 Changed, 2:2/1/64 |
| |
| CON [MID=1239], POST, /soap, 2:3/0/64 ------> |
| |
| <------ ACK [MID=1239], 2.04 Changed, 2:3/0/64 |
CLIENT SERVER
| |
+----->| Header: GET 0x41011636
| GET | Token: 0xfb
| | Uri-Path: status-icon
| | Observe: (empty)
| |
|<-----+ Header: 2.05 0x61451636
| 2.05 | Token: 0xfb
| | Block2: 0/1/128
| | Observe: 62350
| | ETag: 6f00f38e
| | Payload: [128 bytes]
| |
| | (Usual GET transfer left out)
...
| | (Notification of first block)
| |
|<-----+ Header: 2.05 0x4145af9c
| 2.05 | Token: 0xfb
| | Block2: 0/1/128
| | Observe: 62354
| | ETag: 6f00f392
| | Payload: [128 bytes]
| |
+- - ->| Header: 0x6000af9c
| |
| | (Retrieval of remaining blocks)
| |
+----->| Header: GET 0x41011637
| GET | Token: 0xfc
| | Uri-Path: status-icon
| | Block2: 1/0/128
| |
|<-----+ Header: 2.05 0x61451637
| 2.05 | Token: 0xfc
| | Block2: 1/1/128
| | ETag: 6f00f392
| | Payload: [128 bytes]
| |
+----->| Header: GET 0x41011638
| GET | Token: 0xfc
| | Uri-Path: status-icon
| | Block2: 2/0/128
| |
CLIENT SERVER
| |
+----->| Header: GET 0x41011636
| GET | Token: 0xfb
| | Uri-Path: status-icon
| | Observe: (empty)
| | Block2: 0/0/64
| |
|<-----+ Header: 2.05 0x61451636
| 2.05 | Token: 0xfb
| | Block2: 0/1/64
| | Observe: 62350
| | ETag: 6f00f38e
| | Max-Age: 60
| | Payload: [64 bytes]
| |
| | (Usual GET transfer left out)
...
| | (Notification of first block)
| |
|<-----+ Header: 2.05 0x4145af9c
| 2.05 | Token: 0xfb
| | Block2: 0/1/64
| | Observe: 62354
| | ETag: 6f00f392
| | Payload: [64 bytes]
| |
+------+ +------+
---AC1 ---|..............PWs...............|---AC1---
---...----| PE1 |=======LSPs=======| PE2 |---...---
---ACn ---| |-------Links------| |---ACn---
+------+ +------+
+----+ +--+ LSP1 +--+ +----+
+-----+ | PE1|===|P1|======|P2|===| PE2| +-----+
| |----| | +--+ +--+ | |----| |
| CE1 | |............PW................| | CE2 |
| |----| | +--+ | |----| |
+-----+ | |======|P3|==========| | +-----+
+----+ +--+ LSP2 +----+
+----+ LSP1 +----+
+-----+ | PE1|====================| PE2| +-----+
| |----| | | |----| |
| CE1 | |............PW................| | CE2 |
| |----| | | |----| |
+-----+ | |====================| | +-----+
+----+ LSP2 +----+
+-----+ LSP1 +-----+ LSP2 +-----+ LSP3 +-----+
+---+ |T-PE1|======|S-PE1|======|S-PE2|======|T-PE2| +---+
| |---| | | | | | | |---| |
|CE1| |......................PW....................| |CE2|
| |---| | | | | | | |---| |
+---+ | |======| |======| |======| | +---+
+-----+ LSP4 +-----+ LSP5 +-----+ LSP6 +-----+
+--------+ +--------+
|Diameter| AVP, {AVP}k |Diameter|
|Client +-----------------........... -------------------+Server |
+--------+ +--------+
+--------+ +--------+ +--------+
|Diameter| AVP |Diameter| AVP, {AVP}k |Diameter|
|Client +-----+Proxy A +---------- .......... -----------+Server |
+--------+ +--------+ +--------+
+--------+ +--------+ +--------+
|Diameter| AVP, {AVP}k |Diameter| AVP |Diameter|
|Client +-----------------........... ----+Proxy D +-----+Server |
+--------+ +--------+ +--------+
+--------+ +--------+ +--------+ +--------+
|Diameter| AVP |Diameter| AVP, {AVP}k |Diameter| AVP |Diameter|
|Client +-----+Proxy A +-- .......... ----+Proxy D +-----+Server |
+--------+ +--------+ +--------+ +--------+
+-------------------------+-----------------------------+-----------+
| Registry Name | IV (Value) | IV |
| | | (Desc.) |
+-------------------------+-----------------------------+-----------+
| Restriction | iodef-restriction-type | 3.3.1 |
| | | |
| Incident-purpose | incident-purpose-type | 3.2 |
| | | |
| Incident-status | incident-status-type | 3.2 |
| | | |
| Contact-role | contact-role-type | 3.9 |
| | | |
| Contact-type | contact-type-type | 3.9 |
| | | |
| RegistryHandle-registry | registryhandle-registry- | 3.9.1 |
| | type | |
| | | |
| PostalAddress-type | postaladdress-type-type | 3.9.2 |
| | | |
| Telephone-type | telephone-type-type | 3.9.4 |
| | | |
| Email-type | email-type-type | 3.9.3 |
| | | |
| Expectation-action | action-type | 3.15 |
| | | |
| Discovery-source | discovery-source-type | 3.10 |
| | | |
| SystemImpact-type | systemimpact-type-type | 3.12.1 |
| | | |
| BusinessImpact-severity | businessimpact-severity- | 3.12.2 |
| | type | |
| | | |
| BusinessImpact-type | businessimpact-type-type | 3.12.2 |
| | | |
| TimeImpact-metric | timeimpact-metric-type | 3.12.3 |
| | | |
| TimeImpact-duration | duration-type | 3.12.3 |
| | | |
| Confidence-rating | confidence-rating-type | 3.12.5 |
| | | |
| NodeRole-category | noderole-category-type | 3.18.2 |
| | | |
| System-category | system-category-type | 3.17 |
| | | |
| System-ownership | system-ownership-type | 3.17 |
| | | |
| Address-category | address-category-type | 3.18.1 |
| | | |
| Counter-type | counter-type-type | 3.18.3 |
| | | |
| Counter-unit | counter-unit-type | 3.18.3 |
| | | |
| DomainData-system- | domaindata-system-status- | 3.19 |
| status | type | |
| | | |
| DomainData-domain- | domaindata-domain-status- | 3.19 |
| status | type | |
| | | |
| RecordPattern-type | recordpattern-type-type | 3.22.2 |
| | | |
| RecordPattern- | recordpattern-offsetunit- | 3.22.2 |
| offsetunit | type | |
| | | |
| Key-registryaction | key-registryaction-type | 3.23.1 |
| | | |
| HashData-scope | hashdata-scope-type | 3.26 |
| | | |
| BulkObservable-type | bulkobservable-type-type | 3.29.3.1 |
| | | |
| IndicatorExpression- | indicatorexpression- | 3.29.4 |
| operator | operator-type | |
| | | |
| ExtensionType-dtype | dtype-type | 2.16 |
| | | |
| SoftwareReference-spec- | softwarereference-spec-id- | 2.15.1 |
| id | type | |
| | | |
| SoftwareReference-dtype | softwarereference-dtype- | 2.15.1 |
| | type | |
+-------------------------+-----------------------------+-----------+
+--------------+
| App |
+-----------+ |
===>|ALTO Client| |****
=== +-----------+--+ *
=== * *
=== * *
+-------+ +-------+<=== +--------------+ *
| | | | | App | *
| |.....| |<======== +-----------+ | *
| | | | ========>|ALTO Client| | *
+-------+ +-------+<=== +-----------+--+ *
Source of ALTO == * *
topological Server == * *
information == +--------------+ *
== | App | *
== +-----------+ |****
==>|ALTO Client| |
+-----------+--+
Application
Legend:
=== ALTO protocol
*** Application protocol
... Provisioning protocol
+-----+
**| App |****
** +-----+ *
** * *
** * *
+-------+ +-------+ +--------------+ * *
| | | | | | +-----+ *
| |.....| | +-----------+ |*****| App | *
| | | |<===>|ALTO Client| | +-----+ *
+-------+ +-------+ +-----------+--+ * *
Source of ALTO Resource ** * *
topological Server directory ** * *
information ** +-----+ *
**| App |****
+-----+
Application
Legend:
=== ALTO protocol
*** Application protocol
... Provisioning protocol
+-----------+
| ISP |
| ALTO |<==========================++
| Server | ||
+-----------+ ||
,-------. ,------. ||
,-' `-. ,-' `-. ||
/ Commercial \ / \ ||
( Upstream ) ( NREN ) ||
\ ISP / \ / ||
`-. ,-' `-. ,-' ||
`---+---' `+------' ||
| | ||
| | ||
|,-------------. | \/
,-+ `-+ +-----------+
,' University `. |University |
( Network ) | ALTO |
`. / | Server |
`-. +--' +-----------+
`+------------'| /\ /\
| | || ||
+--------+-+ +-+--------+ || ||
| Peer1 | | PeerN |<====++ ||
+----------+ +----------+ ||
/\ ||
|| ||
++======================================++
,-------. +-----------+
,---. ,-' `-. | Host 1 |
,-' `-. / ISP 1 ########|ALTO Client|
/ \ / # \ +-----------+
/ ISP X \ | # | +-----------+
/ \ \ ########| Host 2 |
; +----------------------------|ALTO Client|
| | | `-. ,-' +-----------+
| | | `-------'
| Inter- | | ,-------. +-----------+
: network | ; ,-' `########| Host 3 |
\ traffic | / / ISP 2 # \ |ALTO Client|
\ | / / # \ +-----------+
\ |/ | # | +-----------+
`-. ,-| \ ########| Host 4 |
`---' +----------------------------|ALTO Client|
`-. ,-' +-----------+
`-------'
Bottleneck ,-------. +-----------+
,---. | ,-' `-. | Host 1 |
,-' `-. | / ISP 1 ########|ALTO Client|
/ \ | / (Access # \ +-----------+
/ ISP 1 \| | net 1) # | +-----------+
/ (Core V \ ########| Host 2 |
; network) +--X~~~X---------------------|ALTO Client|
| | | `-. ,-' +-----------+
| | | `-------'
| | | ,-------. +-----------+
: | ; ,-' `########| Host 3 |
\ | / / ISP 1 # \ |ALTO Client|
\ | / / (Access # \ +-----------+
\ |/ | net 2) # | +-----------+
`-. ,-X \ ########| Host 4 |
`---' ~~~~~~~X---------------------|ALTO Client|
^ `-. ,-' +-----------+
| `-------'
Bottleneck
Legend:
### preferred "connections"
--- non-preferred "connections"
,-------. +-----------+
,---. ,-' `-. | Host 1 |
,-' `-. / ISP 1 +-------|ALTO Client|
/ \ / (Mobile | \ +-----------+
/ ISP X \ | network) | | +-----------+
/ \ \ +-------| Host 2 |
; #############################|ALTO Client|
| # | `-. ,-' +-----------+
| # | `-------'
| # | ,-------.
: # ; ,-' `-.
\ # / / ISP 2 \
\ # / / (Fixed \
\ #/ | network) | +-----------+
`-. ,-# \ / | Host 3 |
`---' #############################|ALTO Client|
`-. ,-' +-----------+
`-------'
-----------
//// \\\\
// \\
// \\ /-----------\
| +---------+ | //// \\\\
| | ALTO | ISP A | C2 | Other Networks |
| | Service | PID 1 <----------- PID 2
| +---------+ C1 |----------->| |
| | C3 (=C2) \\\\ ////
\\ // \-----------/
\\ //
\\\\ ////
-----------
+------------------------------------+ +----------------+
| ISP A +---------------+ | | |
| | Backbone | | C7 | ISP B |
| +---+ Network +----+ |<--------+ PID 4 |
| | +-------+-------+ | | | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | +----------------+
| +---+--+ +--+---+ +--+---+ |
| |AN A | C4 |AN B | C5 |AN C | |
| |PID 1 +<--->|PID 2 |<--->+PID 3 | |
| |C1 | |C2 | |C3 | | +----------------+
| +---+--+ +------+ +--+---+ | | |
| ^ ^ | C8 | Other Networks |
| | | |<--------+ PID 5 |
| +------------------------+ | | |
| C6 | | |
+------------------------------------+ +----------------+
+-----------------------------------------------------------------+
| |
| ISP A +-------------+ |
| +--------+ ALTO +---------+ |
| | | Service | | |
| | +------+------+ | |
| | | | |
| | | | |
| | | | |
| +-------+-------+ | C6 +--------+------+ |
| | AN A |<--------------| AN B | |
| | PID 2 | C7 | | PID 3 | |
| | C2 |-------------->| C3 | |
| +---------------+ | +---------------+ |
| ^ | | | ^ |
| | | | | | |
| | | C4 | C8 | | |
| C5 | | | | | C9 |
| | | +--------+---------+ | | |
| | +-->| Mobile Network |<---+ | |
| | | PID 1 | | |
| +------- | C1 |----------+ |
| +------------------+ |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------+
PID | Endpoints
---------+-----------------------------------
R1 | 2001:db8:2::/48
R2 | 2001:db8:1:100::/56
R5 | 2001:db8:1:400::/56
R6 | 2001:db8:1:200::/56
R7 | 2001:db8:1:300::/56
R8 | 2001:db8:3::/48, 2001:db8:4::/48
R9 | 2001:db8:1:500::/56
default | 0.0.0.0/0, ::/0
PID | default | R1 | R2 | R5 | R6 | R7 | R8 | R9 |
--------+---------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----|
default | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x |
R1 | x | 0 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 3 |
R2 | x | 2 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
R5 | x | 3 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 3 |
R6 | x | 3 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
R7 | x | 4 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 0 | 3 | 4 |
R8 | x | 4 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 0 | 2 |
R9 | x | 3 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 0 |
,-------. +-----------+
,---. ,-' ========>| Peer 1 |********
,-' `-. / ISP 1 V \ |ALTO Client| *
/ \ / +-------------+ \ +-----------+ *
/ ISP X \ | + ALTO Server | | +-----------+ *
/ \ \ +-------------+<====>| Peer 2 | *
; +---------+ : \ / |ALTO Client|****** *
| | Global | | `-. ,-' +-----------+ * *
| | Tracker | | `-------' * *
| +---------+ | ,-------. +-----------+ * *
: * ; ,-' ========>| Peer 3 | * *
\ * / / ISP 2 V \ |ALTO Client|**** * *
\ * / / +-------------+ \ +-----------+ * * *
\ * / | | ALTO Server | | +-----------+ * * *
`-. * ,-' \ +-------------+<====>| Peer 4 |** * * *
`-*-' \ / |ALTO Client| * * * *
* `-. ,-' +-----------+ * * * *
* `-------' * * * *
* * * * *
*******************************************************
Legend:
=== ALTO protocol
*** Application protocol
,-------.
,---. ,-' `-. +-----------+
,-' `-. / ISP 1 \ | Peer 1 |********
/ \ / +-------------+ \ | | *
/ ISP X \ ++====>| ALTO Server | )+-----------+ *
/ \ || \ +-------------+ / +-----------+ *
; +-----------+ : || \ / | Peer 2 | *
| | Tracker |<====++ `-. ,-' | |****** *
| |ALTO Client| | `-------' +-----------+ * *
| +-----------+<====++ ,-------. * *
: * ; || ,-' `-. +-----------+ * *
\ * / || / ISP 2 \ | Peer 3 | * *
\ * / || / +-------------+ \ | |**** * *
\ * / ++====>| ALTO Server | )+-----------+ * * *
`-. * ,-' \ +-------------+ / +-----------+ * * *
`-*-' \ / | Peer 4 |** * * *
* `-. ,-' | | * * * *
* `-------' +-----------+ * * * *
* * * * *
* * * * *
*********************************************************
Legend:
=== ALTO protocol
*** Application protocol
ISP 1 ,-------. +-----------+
,---. +-------------+******| Peer 1 |
,-' `-. /| Tracker |\ | |
/ \ / +-------------+**** +-----------+
/ ISP X \ | === | * +-----------+
/ \ \ +-------------+ / * | Peer 2 |
; +---------+ : \| ALTO Server |/ ***| |
| | Global | | +-------------+ +-----------+
| | Tracker | | `-------'
| +---------+ | +-----------+
: * ; ,-------. | Peer 3 |
\ * / +-------------+ ****| |
\ * / /| Tracker |*** +-----------+
\ * / / +-------------+ \ +-----------+
`-. * ,-' | === | | Peer 4 |**
`-*-' \ +-------------+ / | | *
* \| ALTO Server |/ +-----------+ *
* +-------------+ *
* ISP 2 `-------' *
*************************************************
Legend:
=== ALTO protocol
*** Application protocol
Peer w. ALTO cli. Tracker ALTO Server
--------+-------- --------+-------- --------+--------
| F1 Tracker query | |
|======================>| |
| F2 Tracker reply | |
|<======================| |
| F3 ALTO protocol query |
|---------------------------------------------->|
| F4 ALTO protocol reply |
|<----------------------------------------------|
| | |
Peer Tracker w. RDAC ALTO Server
--------+-------- --------+-------- --------+--------
| F1 Tracker query | |
|======================>| |
| | F2 ALTO cli. p. query |
| |---------------------->|
| | F3 ALTO cli. p. reply |
| |<----------------------|
| F4 Tracker reply | |
|<======================| |
| | |
+--------------------+
| CDN Request Router |
| with ALTO Client |
+--------------------+
/\
|| ALTO protocol
||
\/
+---------+
| ALTO |
| Server |
+---------+
:
: Provisioning protocol
:
,-----------.
,-' Source of `-.
( topological )
`-. information ,-'
`-----------'
User Agent Request Router Surrogate
| | |
| F1 Initial Request | |
+---------------------------->| |
| +--+ |
| | | F2 Surrogate Selection |
| |<-+ (using ALTO) |
| F3 Redirection Response | |
|<----------------------------+ |
| | |
| F4 Content Request | |
+-------------------------------------------------------->|
| | |
| | F5 Content |
|<--------------------------------------------------------+
| | |
+--------------+ +------+
| ISP 1 network+----------------+Peer 1|
+-----+--------+ +------+
|
+--------+------------------------------------------------------+
| | ISP 2 network |
| +---------+ |
| |L1 Cache | |
| +-----+---+ |
| +--------------------+----------------------+ |
| | | | |
| +------+------+ +------+-------+ +------+-------+ |
| | AN1 | | AN2 | | AN3 | |
| | +---------+ | | +----------+ | | | |
| | |L2 Cache | | | |L2 Cache | | | | |
| | +---------+ | | +----------+ | | | |
| +------+------+ +------+-------+ +------+-------+ |
| | | |
| +--------------------+ | |
| | | | |
| +------+------+ +------+-------+ +------+-------+ |
| | SUB-AN11 | | SUB-AN12 | | SUB-AN31 | |
| | +---------+ | | | | | |
| | |L3 Cache | | | | | | |
| | +---------+ | | | | | |
| +------+------+ +------+-------+ +------+-------+ |
| | | | |
+--------+--------------------+----------------------+----------+
| | |
+---+---+ +---+---+ |
| | | | |
+--+--+ +--+--+ +--+--+ +--+--+ +--+--+
|Peer2| |Peer3| |Peer4| |Peer5| |Peer6|
+-----+ +-----+ +-----+ +-----+ +-----+
0 1 2 3
01234567 89012345 67890123 45678901
+--------+--------+--------+--------+
| Kind | Length | ExID |
+--------+--------+--------+--------+
| HOST_ID ...
+--------+---
User Agent CDN B RR CDN A RR
|UA Request (DNS or HTTP) | |
|-------------------------------------------------->| (1)
| | |
| |HTTP POST to CDN B's RI |
| |URI encapsulating UA |
| |request attributes |
| |<------------------------| (2)
| | |
| |HTTP Response with body |
| |containing RT attributes |
| |of the protocol-specific |
| |response to return to UA |
| |------------------------>| (3)
| | |
| Protocol-specific response (redirection)|
|<--------------------------------------------------| (4)
| | |
+------+--------------+---------------------------------------------+
| Code | Reason | Description |
+------+--------------+---------------------------------------------+
| 100 | <reason> | Generic informational error-code meant for |
| | (see | carrying a human-readable string |
| | Description) | |
| | | |
| 400 | <reason> | Generic error-code for uCDN errors where |
| | (see | the dCDN cannot or will not process the |
| | Description) | request due to something that is perceived |
| | | to be a uCDN error. The reason field may |
| | | be used to provide more details about the |
| | | source of the error. |
| | | |
| 500 | <reason> | Generic error-code for dCDN errors where |
| | (see | the dCDN is aware that it has erred or is |
| | Description) | incapable of satisfying the RI request for |
| | | some reason. The reason field may be used |
| | | to provide more details about the source of |
| | | the error. |
| | | |
| 501 | Unable to | The dCDN is unable to retrieve the metadata |
| | retrieve | associated with the content requested by |
| | metadata | the UA. This may indicate a configuration |
| | | error or that the content requested by the |
| | | UA does not exist. |
| | | |
| 502 | Loop | The dCDN detected a redirection loop (see |
| | detected | Section 4.8). |
| | | |
| 503 | Maximum hops | The dCDN detected the maximum number of |
| | exceeded | redirection hops exceeding max-hops (see |
| | | Section 4.8). |
| | | |
| 504 | Out of | The dCDN does not currently have sufficient |
| | capacity | capacity to handle the UA request. |
| | | |
| 505 | Delivery | The dCDN does not support the (set of) |
| | protocol not | delivery protocols indicated in the CDNI |
| | supported | Metadata of the content requested by the |
| | | UA. |
| | | |
| 506 | Redirection | The dCDN does not support the requested |
| | protocol not | redirection protocol. This error-code is |
| | supported | also used when the RI request has the dns- |
| | | only flag set to True and the dCDN is not |
| | | supported or is not prepared to return an |
| | | RT of a surrogate directly. |
+------+--------------+---------------------------------------------+
Alice (MSRP WSS) a.example.com
| |
|HTTP GET (WS handshake) F1 |
|---------------------------->|
|101 Switching Protocols F2 |
|<----------------------------|
| |
|AUTH F3 |
|---------------------------->|
|200 OK F4 |
|<----------------------------|
| |
Alice (MSRP WSS) a.example.com
| |
|HTTP GET (WS handshake) F1 |
|---------------------------->|
|101 Switching Protocols F2 |
|<----------------------------|
| |
|AUTH F3 |
|---------------------------->|
|401 Unauthorized F4 |
|<----------------------------|
|AUTH F5 |
|---------------------------->|
|200 OK F6 |
|<----------------------------|
| |
Alice (MSRP WSS) a.example.com (MSRP TLS) Bob
| | |
|SEND F1 | |
|---------------------------->| |
|200 OK F2 | |
|<----------------------------| |
| |SEND F3 |
| |---------------------------->|
| |200 OK F4 |
| |<----------------------------|
Bob (MSRP TLS) a.example.com (MSRP WSS) Alice
| | |
|SEND F1 | |
|---------------------------->| |
|200 OK F2 | |
|<----------------------------| |
| |SEND F3 |
| |---------------------------->|
| |200 OK F4 |
| |<----------------------------|
Alice (MSRP WSS) a.example.com (MSRP WSS) Carol
| | |
|SEND F1 | |
|---------------------------->| |
|200 OK F2 | |
|<----------------------------| |
| |SEND F3 |
| |---------------------------->|
| |200 OK F4 |
| |<----------------------------|
Alice (MSRP WSS) a.example.com (MSRP) relay.example.net (MSRP) Bob
| | | |
|SEND F1 | | |
|--------------------->| | |
|200 OK F2 | | |
|<---------------------| | |
| |SEND F3 | |
| |---------------------->| |
| |200 OK F4 | |
| |<----------------------| |
| | |SEND F5 |
| | |------------------->|
| | |200 OK F6 |
| | |<-------------------|
+---R1---+
| |
(aggregate: 192.0.2/24) R2 R3 (aggregate: 192.0.2/24)
| |
R4-------R5
|
(announce: 192.0.2.1/32) R6
+------+
| TURN |<------------------------+
+------+ |
| |
| +-------------------------+ |
| | | |
v v | |
NAT ----------- | |
| | +---------------------+ | |
| | | | | |
v v v | | |
+----------+ +----------+
| RFC 5764 | | RFC 5764 |
+----------+ +----------+
+----------------+
| 127 < B < 192 -+--> forward to RTP
| |
packet --> | 19 < B < 64 -+--> forward to DTLS
| |
| B < 2 -+--> forward to STUN
+----------------+
+----------------+
| [0..3] -+--> forward to STUN
| |
| [16..19] -+--> forward to ZRTP
| |
packet --> | [20..63] -+--> forward to DTLS
| |
| [64..79] -+--> forward to TURN Channel
| |
| [128..191] -+--> forward to RTP/RTCP
+----------------+
.---.
| X |
--'---' __
packet with TTL=64 / \ packet with TTL=1
/ \
.---. .---.
| A | | C |
'---' '---'
packet with TTL=64 \ .---. /
\-- | B |__/ packet with TTL=63
'---'
.---.
| X |
--'---' __
packet with seq=n / \ invalid packet with seq=n
/ \
.---. .---.
| A | | C |
'---' '---'
packet with seq=n \ .---. /
\-- | B |__/ valid packet with seq=n
'---'
P2 P1 P2 P1
.---. h(P2+HAV)=x' h(P1)=x .---. h(P2)=x h(P1)=x .---.
| A |---------------------------> | X | ----------------------> | B |
`---' `---' `---'
Session-ID
--- Alice B2BUA Bob Carol
{A,N} |---INVITE F1--->| |
{A,N} | |---INVITE F2--->|
{B,A} | |<---200 OK F3---|
{B,A} |<---200 OK F4---| |
{A,B} |-----ACK F5---->| |
{A,B} | |-----ACK F6---->|
|<==============RTP==============>|
Session-ID
--- Alice B2BUA Bob Carol
| | | |
|<==============RTP==============>| |
{B,A} | |<---re-INVITE---| |
{B,A} |<---re-INVITE---| (puts Alice on Hold) |
{A,B} |-----200 OK---->| | |
{A,B} | |-----200 OK---->| |
{B,A} | |<-----ACK-------| |
{B,A} |<-----ACK-------| | |
| | | |
{B,A} | |<----REFER------| |
{B,A} |<----REFER------| | |
{A,B} |-----200 OK---->| | |
{A,B} | |-----200 OK---->| |
{A,B} |-----NOTIFY---->| | |
{A,B} | |-----NOTIFY---->| |
{B,A} | |<----200 OK-----| |
{B,A} |<----200 OK-----| | |
| | | |
{A,N} |-----INVITE---->| |
{A,N} | |-----INVITE-------------------->|
{C,A} | |<----200 OK---------------------|
{C,A} |<----200 OK-----| |
{A,C} |------ACK------>| |
{A,C} | |------ACK---------------------->|
| | | |
|<======================RTP======================>|
| | | |
{A,B} |-----NOTIFY---->| | |
{A,B} | |-----NOTIFY---->| |
{B,A} | |<----200 OK-----| |
{B,A} |<----200 OK-----| | |
{B,A} | |<-----BYE-------| |
{B,A} |<-----BYE-------| | |
{A,B} |-----200 OK---->| | |
{A,B} | |-----200 OK---->| |
| | | |
Session-ID
--- Alice B2BUA Bob Carol
| | | |
|<==============RTP==============>| |
| | | |
| | <--- (non-standard signaling) |
{A,B} | |---re-INVITE--->| |
{B,A} | |<-----200 OK----| |
{A,B} | |-----ACK------->| |
| | | |
{A,N} | |-----INVITE-------------------->|
{C,A} | |<----200 OK---------------------|
{A,C} | |------ACK---------------------->|
| | | |
|<======================RTP======================>|
| | | |
{A,B} | |------BYE------>| |
{B,A} | |<----200 OK-----| |
| | | |
{C,A} |<--re-INVITE----| | |
{A,C} |----200 OK----->| | |
{C,A} |<-----ACK-------| | |
| (Suppose Alice modifies the session) |
{A,C} |---re-INVITE--->| | |
{A,C} | |---re-INVITE------------------->|
{C,A} | |<---200 OK----------------------|
{C,A} |<---200 OK------| | |
{A,C} |------ACK------>| | |
{A,C} | |------ACK---------------------->|
| | | |
Session-ID Conference
--- Alice Focus Bob Carol
| | | |
| | | |
{A,N} |----INVITE----->| | |
{M1,A} |<---200 OK------| | |
{A,M1} |-----ACK------->| | |
|<====RTP=======>| | |
{M',A} |<---re-INVITE---| | |
{A,M'} |-----200 OK---->| | |
{M',A} |<-----ACK-------| | |
| | | |
| | | |
{B,N} | |<----INVITE-----| |
{M2,B} | |-----200 OK---->| |
{B,M2} | |<-----ACK-------| |
| |<=====RTP======>| |
{M',B} | |---re-INVITE--->| |
{B,M'} | |<----200 OK-----| |
{M',B} | |------ACK------>| |
| | | |
| | | |
{C,N} | |<--------------------INVITE-----|
{M3,C} | |---------------------200 OK---->|
{C,M3} | |<---------------------ACK-------|
| |<=====================RTP======>|
{M',C} | |-------------------re-INVITE--->|
{C,M'} | |<--------------------200 OK-----|
{M',C} | |----------------------ACK------>|
Session-ID Conference
--- Alice Focus Bob Carol
| | | |
|<** HTTPS *****>| | |
| Transaction | | |
| | | |
{M,N} |<----INVITE-----| | |
{A,M} |-----200 OK---->| | |
{M,A} |<-----ACK-------| | |
|<=====RTP======>| | |
| | | |
| |<** HTTPS *****>| |
| | Transaction | |
| | | |
{M,N} | |-----INVITE---->| |
{B,M} | |<----200 OK-----| |
{M,B} | |------ACK------>| |
| |<=====RTP======>| |
| | | |
| |<****************** HTTPS *****>|
| | Transaction |
| | | |
{M,N} | |--------------------INVITE----->|
{C,M} | |<-------------------200 OK------|
{M,C} | |---------------------ACK------->|
| |<====================RTP=======>|
Session-ID
--- MCU-1 MCU-2 MCU-3 MCU-4
| | | |
{M',N} |----INVITE----->| | |
{J,M'} |<---200 OK------| | |
{M',J} |-----ACK------->| | |
Session-ID
--- MCU-1 MCU-2 MCU-3 MCU-4
| | | |
{M',N} |----INVITE----->| | |
{J,M'} |<---200 OK------| | |
{M',J} |-----ACK------->| | |
| | | |
{M',N} |---------------------INVITE----->| |
{K,M'} |<--------------------200 OK------| |
{M',K} |----------------------ACK------->| |
| | | |
{M',N} |-------------------------------------INVITE----->|
{L,M'} |<------------------------------------200 OK------|
{M',L} |--------------------------------------ACK------->|
Session-ID
--- MCU-1 MCU-2 MCU-3 Robert
| | | |
{M',N} |----INVITE----->| | |
{J,M'} |<---200 OK------| | |
{M',J} |-----ACK------->| | |
| | | |
{M',N} |---------------------INVITE----->| |
{K,M'} |<--------------------200 OK------| |
{M',K} |----------------------ACK------->| |
| | | |
{R,N} | | |<---INVITE-----|
(M',R} | | |----200 OK---->|
{R,M'} | | |<----ACK-------|
Session-ID
--- Alice B2BUA Bob Carol
| | |
{X,N} |<----INVITE-----| |
{A,X} |-----200 OK---->| |
{A,N} | |----INVITE----->|
{B,A} | |<---200 OK------|
{B,A} |<-----ACK-------| |
{A,B} | |------ACK------>|
|<==============RTP==============>|
Session-ID Alice SIP Server Bob-1 Bob-2
| | | |
{A,N} |----INVITE----->| | |
{A,N} | |---INVITE---->| |
{N,A} |<--100 Trying---| | |
{B1,A} | |<-180 Ringing-| |
{B1,A} |<--180 Ringing--| | |
| | | |
| *Request Timeout* |
| | | |
{A,N} | |---CANCEL---->| |
{B1,A} | |<--200 OK-----| |
{B1,A} | |<---487-------| |
{A,B1} | |---- ACK ---->| |
| | | |
{N,A} |<-181 Call Fwd--| | |
| | | |
{A,N} | |------------------INVITE------>|
{B2,A} | |<----------------180 Ringing---|
{B2,A} |<-180 Ringing---| | |
{B2,A} | |<-----------------200 OK ------|
{B2,A} |<--200 OK-------| | |
{A,B2} |----ACK-------->| | |
{A,B2} | |------------------ACK--------->|
| | | |
|<=========== Both way RTP Established =========>|
| | | |
{A,B2} |----BYE-------->| | |
{A,B2} | |--------------------BYE------->|
{B2,A} | |<------------------200 OK------|
{B2,A} |<--200 OK-------| | |
| | | |
Session-ID Bob Alice Carol
| | |
{A,N} |<-----INVITE--------| |
{B,A} |------200 OK------->| |
{A,B} |<------ACK----------| |
| | |
{B,A} |--INVITE {hold}---->| |
{A,B} |<-200 OK------------| |
{B,A} |--- ACK ----------->| |
| | |
{B,A} |--REFER------------>|(Refer-To:Carol) |
{A,B} |<-202 Accepted------| |
| | |
{A,B} |<NOTIFY {100 Trying}| |
{B,A} |-200 OK------------>| |
| | |
{A,N} | |--INVITE------------>|
{C,A} | |<-200 OK-------------|
{A,C} | |---ACK-------------->|
| | |
{A,B} |<--NOTIFY {200 OK}--| |
{B,A} |---200 OK---------->| |
| | |
{B,A} |--BYE-------------->| |
{A,B} |<-200 OK------------| |
{C,A} | |<------------BYE-----|
{A,C} | |-------------200 OK->|
<div class="artwork art-text art-ascii-art" id="s-1-2">
<pre>
______________
< hello, world >
--------------
\ ^__^
\ (oo)\_______
(__)\ )\/\
||----w |
|| ||
</pre>
<a class="pilcrow" href="#s-1-2">¶</a>
</div>